WO2003026997A1 - Elevator that takes the car load factor into account - Google Patents

Elevator that takes the car load factor into account Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003026997A1
WO2003026997A1 PCT/FI2002/000736 FI0200736W WO03026997A1 WO 2003026997 A1 WO2003026997 A1 WO 2003026997A1 FI 0200736 W FI0200736 W FI 0200736W WO 03026997 A1 WO03026997 A1 WO 03026997A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elevator
car
persons
load
control system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2002/000736
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marja-Liisa Siikonen
Johannes De Jong
Original Assignee
Kone Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corporation filed Critical Kone Corporation
Publication of WO2003026997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003026997A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
    • B66B1/2458—For elevator systems with multiple shafts and a single car per shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/10—Details with respect to the type of call input
    • B66B2201/103—Destination call input before entering the elevator car
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/20—Details of the evaluation method for the allocation of a call to an elevator car
    • B66B2201/215—Transportation capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/20—Details of the evaluation method for the allocation of a call to an elevator car
    • B66B2201/222—Taking into account the number of passengers present in the elevator car to be allocated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/40—Details of the change of control mode
    • B66B2201/402—Details of the change of control mode by historical, statistical or predicted traffic data, e.g. by learning

Definitions

  • a specific object of the invention is to achieve an elevator in which the car load factor is optimized so that the system controlling the elevator car takes the numbers of persons entering the elevator car and of those leaving the elevator car into account.
  • the system controlling the elevator car takes into account any extra persons predicted on the basis of destination call data obtained from destina- tion call devices and of load data obtained from a load sensor.
  • the group control system takes into account such extra persons when allocating calls to elevators.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator in which the car load factoris optimized, so that the elevator car control system takes into account the number of persons entering the elevator car and the number of persons leaving the elevator car, so that, when a new passenger from a given floor is to be allocated to the elevator, the control system of the aforesaid elevator car takes into account any extra persons predicted on the basis of destination call data obtained from destination call devices and of load data obtained from a load sensor.

Description

ELEVATOR THAT TAKES THE CAR LOAD FACTOR INTO ACCOUNT
The present invention relates to an elevator as defined in the preamble of claim 1, wherein the car load factor of the elevator is optimized so that the control system takes into account the number of persons wanting to enter the elevator car and the number of persons actually entering the car as well as the number of those leaving the car.
Prior-art technology is described in patent specification US 5435416 (B66B 1/34), which discloses a system where the number of persons is determined using a state-of-the-art solution. This system comprises a weighing device that continuously measures the weight of the elevator car when its doors are open, during a stop, thus producing weight data. The numbers of people entering the elevator car and those leaving the elevator car are determined on the basis of the weight changes detected. The equipment in the system described in the above-mentioned specification comprises an A/D converter for converting the weight data into digital form, and a storage unit as well as a computing unit in the elevator control system, from where a connection is provided to the aforesaid A/D converter for the detection and computation of the aforesaid weight changes (strain gauge weigher).
In another prior-art solution, the transitions of per- sons into and out of an elevator car are determined in prior art using light cells for detecting people's movements or by measuring the elevator load data during a stop. The light cell has a limited resolution in peak-traffic situations, especially if there is traf- fie in both directions simultaneously through the doors. When load information is used, the elevator load is measured at the instants of stopping and starting, and the smallest load between those instants is measured. From these results, making use of an average passenger weight, the number of persons entering and leaving the car is calculated. Thus, the method works on the assumption that all persons leaving the car get out of it before the persons coming in enter the car, which is not always in keeping with the actual situation. Additional inaccuracy results from the deviations of the weight of actual persons from the weight of the unitized elevator person.
In call distribution in elevator group control, calls are allocated to elevators according to how much space is available in each elevator. The object of the invention is to achieve a new and more accurate method for predicting the car load factor. According to the invention, the load of the elevator car is measured continuously during a stop and, from the changes de- tected, the numbers of persons having moved into and out of the car are deduced. In this way, the load data needed in any case can be utilized without having to use a separate measuring device.
Therefore, the load data is preferably measured in analog form, from which it is then converted into digital form. To eliminate disturbances, the load data is filtered digitally. The result obtained can be additionally checked for accuracy against results ob- tained by other methods.
In a given situation, the number of people entering the elevator may be equal to the number of people leaving it at the same time, in which case, if the prior-art solution is used, the change in the weight of the elevator car is not necessarily detected at all. Thus, using the prior-art solution, it is not possible to reliably monitor the number of people entering the elevator car and the number of those leaving the elevator car, because the number of persons simultaneously entering the elevator car is not neces- sarily known.
In destination call control, persons give a destination floor call already at the landing, so their number is known beforehand. The same information can be obtained using a people counting sensor. The number of incoming persons is known in advance even before the elevator has arrived at the floor.
The problem with prior-art solutions is that the ele- vator car may be carrying a full load when it reaches the floor and can not accommodate the person wanting to enter. On the other hand, there may occur a situation where all persons waiting or having vainly issued a call do not necessarily enter the car.
The object of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings observed in the above-mentioned prior-art solutions .
A specific object of the invention is to achieve an elevator in which the car load factor is optimized so that the system controlling the elevator car takes the numbers of persons entering the elevator car and of those leaving the elevator car into account. According to the best embodiment of the invention, when a new passenger from a given floor is to be allocated to the elevator, the system controlling the elevator car takes into account any extra persons predicted on the basis of destination call data obtained from destina- tion call devices and of load data obtained from a load sensor. In the case of group control, the group control system takes into account such extra persons when allocating calls to elevators.
In addition, the arrangement of the invention is de- signed to optimize the car load factor of an elevator so that the elevator group control, based on information obtained from the destination call devices and the load sensor, adjusts the aforesaid car load factor to a level of about 50 - 80 %. The default value is a car load factor of 65 %, which assumes the right level if persons who do not give a destination call (Ft+1) are subtracted from it. Similarly, in the case of a lobby detector, the forecast regarding the proportion of those who will not enter the elevator (Ft+1) is added to the 65-% car load factor. Thus, the elevator group control system does not unnecessarily allocate passengers wanting to enter the elevator car to elevator cars already full.
Moreover, according to the invention, the elevator control system produces statistics regarding the proportion of passengers entering the elevator car without giving a destination call, or how many passengers do not enter at all, using e.g. an exponential compen- sation method:
Ft+ι= ( 1-a ) (X, X, 100 /X πom
where Ft+1 is a forecast for instant t+1 regarding the number of persons entering the car but giving no destination call. Ft again is the forecast for the preceding instant t and a is a constant between zero and unity. In the above formula, X1 is the counted number of persons having actually entered the car 1, while Xdl represents the number of persons entering the elevator 1 as calculated on the basis of destination calls. In addition, Xnom in the above formula represents a nominal car load in terms of persons.
In precise terms, the elevator of the invention is characterized by what is presented in the characterization part of claim 1. The characteristics of certain preferred embodiments of the invention are presented in the subclaims.
The method of the invention provides the significant advantage that, even before the elevator arrives at the lobby of a floor, people can be shown via a separate display which floors each arriving elevator is going to stop at.
According to the invention, in destination floor control, all persons do not necessarily have to give a destination floor call, and yet the group control system will not allocate and guide a person to an empty car.
Moreover, the elevator of the invention is suited for an elevator control system that detects the persons in an elevator lobby by means of a lobby detector and prepares a forecast as to how many of those persons are unlikely to enter the elevator car.
In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 presents a curve based on prior-art load measurement, representing changes in the load of an elevator car during a stop,
Fig. 2 represents a solution according to the best embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1 presents a curve based on prior-art load measurement, representing changes in the load of an elevator car during a stop. It visualizes the variation oc- curring in the load of the elevator car during stops due to passengers entering and leaving the elevator car.
Fig. 2 is a graphic representation of an elevator ac- cording to the most preferable embodiment of the invention, in which the car load factor of the elevator is optimized so that the control system takes into account the number of persons entering the elevator car and the number of persons leaving the elevator car. According to the most preferable embodiment of the invention is an elevator in which a forecast of the aforesaid load factor of the elevator car is produced by taking into account both the instantaneous load data obtained from a car load sensor and the destina- tion calls obtained from destination call devices.
Based on the destination call data obtained from the destination call devices and the load data obtained from the load sensor, the elevator car control system adjusts the aforesaid car load factor to a level of about 50 - 80 %.
On the other hand, the elevator car control system maintains forecast statistics regarding the number of persons having entered the elevator car without giving a destination call. Such extra persons, as predicted by the forecast statistics, are taken into account in the control of the elevator system when a new person is to be allocated to a car from the floor in ques- tion. An advantageous way of utilizing the aforesaid statistics is that the elevator car control system does not allocate persons to full elevator cars. In addition, the elevator car control system does not allocate persons coming from different floors to cars whose loads exceed the car load factor of the elevator.
According to the invention, the forecasts of the car load factor are preferably floor and elevator specific. According to an embodiment of the invention, the forecasts of the car load factor are day-specific and time-of-day-specific, with a resolution of e.g. five minutes.
The above-mentioned load sensor is preferably a weighing device installed below the elevator car.
The above-mentioned load sensor measuring the elevator car load data is based on either an analog or a digital operating principle. If the said load sensor is an analog device, then the load data obtained as a meas- urement result from it is converted into digital form. The signal obtained after the measurement is filtered digitally.
In the foregoing, the invention has been described by way of example with reference to the attached drawings while different embodiments of the invention are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the claims.

Claims

1. Elevator in which the car load factor is optimized, so that the elevator car control system takes into account the number of persons entering the elevator car and the number of persons leaving the elevator car, characterized in that, when a new passenger from a given floor is to be allocated to the elevator, the elevator car control system takes into account any extra persons predicted on the basis of destination call data obtained from destination call devices and of load data obtained from a load sensor.
2. Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on destination call data obtained from the destination call devices and on load data obtained from the load sensor, the elevator car control system adjusts the aforesaid car load factor to a level of about 60 - 70 %.
3. Elevator according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the elevator car control system produces forecast statistics on how many persons have entered the elevator car without giving a destination call.
4. Elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that the elevator car control system does not allocate persons coming from a floor to cars whose loads exceed the load factor.
5. Elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that the car load factor forecasts are floor-specific and elevator-specific.
6. Elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that the car load factor forecasts are day-specific or time-of-day-specific, with a resolution of e.g. five minutes .
7. Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforesaid car load sensor is a weighing device disposed below the car.
8. Elevator according to claim 7, characterized in that the aforesaid car load sensor is either a digital or an analog device.
PCT/FI2002/000736 2001-09-27 2002-09-16 Elevator that takes the car load factor into account WO2003026997A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20011898A FI20011898A0 (en) 2001-09-27 2001-09-27 Elevator that shares how full a lift basket is
FI20011898 2001-09-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003026997A1 true WO2003026997A1 (en) 2003-04-03

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WO (1) WO2003026997A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007036597A3 (en) * 2005-09-27 2007-06-14 Kone Corp Multiple car elevator system and elevator group control therefor
US7387191B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2008-06-17 Inventio Ag Method and apparatus for bypass control of an elevator installation
CN102190215A (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-09-21 东芝电梯株式会社 Elevator control apparatus
CN112079216A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-12-15 上海江菱机电有限公司 Elevator running state monitoring method and system based on Internet of things technology

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939634A (en) * 1987-07-28 1990-07-03 Inventio Ag Group control overload protection for elevators with immediate allocation of calls of destination
US4947965A (en) * 1988-02-03 1990-08-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Group-control method and apparatus for an elevator system with plural cages
US5435416A (en) * 1991-08-15 1995-07-25 Kone Elevator Gmbh Determination of the number of persons entering and leaving an elevator car
CN1334232A (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-02-06 廖华勇 Dynamic monitor method for waiting cluster-controlled elevators

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939634A (en) * 1987-07-28 1990-07-03 Inventio Ag Group control overload protection for elevators with immediate allocation of calls of destination
US4947965A (en) * 1988-02-03 1990-08-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Group-control method and apparatus for an elevator system with plural cages
US5435416A (en) * 1991-08-15 1995-07-25 Kone Elevator Gmbh Determination of the number of persons entering and leaving an elevator car
CN1334232A (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-02-06 廖华勇 Dynamic monitor method for waiting cluster-controlled elevators

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 200233, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q38, AN 2002-281989, XP002225678 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7387191B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2008-06-17 Inventio Ag Method and apparatus for bypass control of an elevator installation
WO2007036597A3 (en) * 2005-09-27 2007-06-14 Kone Corp Multiple car elevator system and elevator group control therefor
US7513337B2 (en) 2005-09-27 2009-04-07 Kone Corporation Elevator system
EA011545B1 (en) * 2005-09-27 2009-04-28 Коне Корпорейшн A method for control of an elevator system and an elevator system
AU2006296519B2 (en) * 2005-09-27 2010-11-04 Kone Corporation Multiple car elevator system and elevator group control therefor
CN102190215A (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-09-21 东芝电梯株式会社 Elevator control apparatus
EP2366652A1 (en) * 2010-03-15 2011-09-21 Toshiba Elevator Kabushiki Kaisha Elevator control apparatus
US8662256B2 (en) 2010-03-15 2014-03-04 Toshiba Elevator Kabushiki Kaisha Elevator control apparatus with car stop destination floor registration device
CN112079216A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-12-15 上海江菱机电有限公司 Elevator running state monitoring method and system based on Internet of things technology

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