WO2003024154A1 - Four de cuisine a plusieurs etages dotes de commandes individuelles de chauffage par rayonnement et par conduction - Google Patents

Four de cuisine a plusieurs etages dotes de commandes individuelles de chauffage par rayonnement et par conduction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003024154A1
WO2003024154A1 PCT/US2002/028264 US0228264W WO03024154A1 WO 2003024154 A1 WO2003024154 A1 WO 2003024154A1 US 0228264 W US0228264 W US 0228264W WO 03024154 A1 WO03024154 A1 WO 03024154A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
panels
panel
cooking
recited
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/028264
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony Patti
Mimmo Elia
William E. Lyle
Darrell J. King
Original Assignee
Tiax Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US10/234,887 external-priority patent/US6818869B2/en
Application filed by Tiax Llc filed Critical Tiax Llc
Publication of WO2003024154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003024154A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/06—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/082—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on ranges, e.g. control panels, illumination

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cooking ovens having a plurality of panels for foodservice cooking operations, and in particular to a multiple panel oven having various sizes of panels for various sizes of ovens and individual controls for heating a conductive side of each panel and a radiant side of each panel.
  • the oven has a convection heating mode of operation in addition to the conduction/radiant mode of operation. Other embodiments do not include the convection mode of operation.
  • the oven appliance In many food service operations, the oven appliance is considered to be the workhorse appliance.
  • the oven may be gas or electric powered and has changed very little over many years, although it is typically characterized as being just "okay” in baking performance.
  • the biggest complaint by food service operators is with baking uniformity.
  • Current baking ovens provide less than adequate baking which requires the operator, i.e. chef, cook, etc., to continually monitor the baking progress as well as having to rotate and shift the products to achieve the desired results.
  • Considerable work has been performed to improve baking performance.
  • the typical approach has been to manipulate the airflow to "even-out" the heat transfer throughout the oven cavity. Such approaches have produced marginal results as evidenced by today's best oven performance, and usually do not satisfy most food service operators.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,683,795 issued to Robert G. Sheidler et al., on July 13,
  • a portable electric cooking oven comprising a plurality of vertically spaced trays removably mounted in the oven chamber upon suitable trays which are secured to the sides of the inner casing.
  • Each tray has incorporated therein an electric resistance heating element which is connected to suitable plugs carried by the tray and which engage suitable outlet sockets mounted in the rear wall. Turning on the heating is controlled by an electric switch. When energized the heating elements heat the trays which in turn heat the air in the oven chamber and any utensils on the trays.
  • the oven is designed to cook different foods providing they have the same cooking time at the same temperature. Therefore, foods requiring different cooking temperatures cannot be accommodated by this oven.
  • a cooking oven having a cooking compartment with removable shelves.
  • Each shelf includes a frame and a removable resistance heater.
  • the heater plugs into an electrical socket 21 formed in the back wall of the compartment.
  • the heater is of a zig-zag shape, which increases the amount of radiation the heater 34 provides to the surface of the metal grill.
  • the metal grill comprises thin metal rods using a Z-shaped sheet secured by the periphery of the heater.
  • the heater comprises a heating wire for emitting heat, and a mica sheet having a groove for receiving the heating wire which extends in a zig-zag shape; also, a couple of the mica sheets blanket the upper and lower surfaces of the wire.
  • a tray can be placed on a lower rail and receives radiant heat for cooking another food item. However, there are no individual controls for providing different cooking temperatures for foods placed in the oven.
  • an oven for receiving and heating cooking vessels comprising a plurality of heating units arranged in different parallel planes.
  • a cooking vessel is positionable in association with each heating element on rods.
  • a protecting plate is attached to the rods beneath the rear part of each one of the resistor elements in order to prevent the concentration of heat on the cooking vessel.
  • the heating elements are not individually controllable.
  • a variable volume oven which is adjusted according to the cooking load.
  • a heating element is vertically adjustable within the oven to a position that provides better convection and radiative heating to the cooking load.
  • a fixed heating element is located below the top wall of the chamber.
  • a third heating element is added to create another independent oven within the variable volume oven.
  • the first and second ovens can be controlled by adding independent oven controls for each oven. However, this oven does not provide a top heating element for conductive heating and a bottom heating element for radiant heating, each being individually temperature controllable.
  • a zone controlled cook oven having a plurality of vertically spaced support shelves in a cabinet.
  • the shelves are provided with one or more electric resistance heater elements arranged within the shelves at the time they are cast.
  • Each shelf is provided with a heat sensing element for maintaining the temperature of the shelf.
  • the temperature in each zone is maintained at the set temperature by radiant and conductive heat from the upper and lower shelves which define the zone and by convection of heat about the perimeters of the shelves and through the heat conducting openings about the shelves.
  • a plate placed on the shelf receives heat conducted directly to the plate and the plate is heated by radiant heat from that shelf and the next upper shelf and by convection of heat from the heated ambient atmosphere or air in the zone defined by the shelves and in which the plate and food are deposited.
  • this cook oven does not provide for individual temperature controls of the upper and lower heating elements combined into a single shelf.
  • a vertical oven cabinet having the dual function of heating or cooling food articles.
  • the cabinet comprises a plurality of removable, vertically spaced-apart support shelves of a conductive material.
  • the invention provides for heating and cooking of food articles by circulating a thermal liquid fluid through a heating channel having a serpentine configuration in each shelf. An electrical power conduit is enclosed entirely within each shelf. It would be beneficial to have a cooking oven that overcomes the limitations of the prior art by improving baking uniformity.
  • a cooking oven having a plurality of panels, each panel having an upper independently controlled conductive heating element and a lower independently controlled radiant heating element.
  • a cooking oven comprising a heat insulated cabinet having a top, bottom, rear and side walls and an access door attached to the front of the cabinet, a plurality of heating panels spaced-apart within the cabinet, each of the panels having an upper and a lower surface and comprising means for heating the upper surface of each of the panels and means for heating the lower surface of each of the panels, the upper surface and the lower surface of each panel being separated by insulation, means connected to the heating panels for separately controlling the heat output of each upper surface of each of the plurality of heating panels, and means connected to the heating panels for separately controlling the heat output of each lower surface of each of the plurality of panels.
  • the oven comprises means for providing a convection heating mode of operation.
  • the oven comprises a control panel positioned adjacent to the access door for providing a user interface with controls and displays.
  • the oven comprises a processor connected to the control panel for operating the cooking oven in response to signals received from the control panel.
  • the control panel monitors the electrical current or continuity powering each panel as a means for reconfiguring the size of each of the heating zones formed between the spaced-apart panels.
  • the upper surface of the panels provides conduction heating for a first cooking tray placed on the upper surface of a first one of the heating panels and the lower surface of the first one of the panels provides radiant heating for a second cooking tray placed on an adjacent second one of the panels under the lower surface of the first one of the heating panels.
  • the upper surface of the panels comprises means for providing conduction and radiant heating for a first cooking tray placed on the upper surface of a first one of the heating panels and the lower surface of the first one of the panels provides radiant heating for a second cooking tray placed on an ad acent second one of the panels under the lower surface of the first one of the heating panels. Further, the upper surface of the panels provides radiant heating for a first cooking tray placed slightly above the upper surface of a first one of the heating panels and the lower surface of the first one of the panels provides radiant heating for a second cooking tray placed on or slightly above an adjacent second one of the panels under the lower surface of the first one of the heating panels.
  • the means for separately controlling the heat output of the upper surface of the plurality of heating panels comprises a software routine operating in response to control signals from a user interface panel.
  • the means for separately controlling the heat output of the lower surface of the plurality of heating panels comprises a software routine operating in response to control signals from a user interface panel.
  • Each of the upper surface of each of the panels and each of the lower surface of each of the panels comprises a metal substrate, a dielectric applied to the metal substrate, and a thermal film ink bonded to the dielectric.
  • the dielectric comprises a borosilicate glass.
  • the upper surface of the panels and the lower surface of the panels comprises a resistive element embedded in an insulative bed.
  • the oven comprises means for enabling each of the panels to be connected or disconnected from the cooking oven.
  • a heating panel of a cooking oven having upper and lower surfaces comprising means for separately heating the upper surface and the lower surface, the upper surface and the lower surface being separated by insulation, and means for controlling the heating means in response to operator inputs to a user interface panel.
  • the upper surface may comprise peaks and valleys for providing conductive and radiant heating.
  • Each surface comprises a metal substrate, a dielectric applied to the metal substrate, and a thermal film ink bonded to the dielectric.
  • the dielectric comprises a borosilicate glass.
  • each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the heating panel comprises a resistive element embedded in an insulative bed.
  • a cooking oven comprising a plurality of cooking zones, each of the cooking zones being formed by an upper heating panel and a lower heating panel, each heating panel comprises an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface separated by insulation, and means for separately controlling the heat output of the upper heating surface and the lower heating surface of the heating panel forming said cooking zones.
  • the oven comprises means for providing a convection heating mode of operation.
  • the oven comprises a control panel positioned adjacent to an access door for providing a user interface with controls and displays.
  • the cooking oven comprises means for varying the sizes of each of the cooking zones.
  • the upper heating surface of the heating panel provides conduction heating in a first one of the plurality of cooking zones for a first cooking tray placed on the upper heating surface of a first heatmg panel and the lower heating surface of the first heating panel provides radiant heating in a second one of the plurality of cooking zones for a second cooking tray placed on an adjacent second heating panel under the lower heating surface of the first heatmg panel.
  • the upper heating surface of the heating panel comprises means for providing conduction and radiant heating in a first one of the plurality of cooking zones for a first cooking fray placed on the upper heating surface of a first heating panel and the lower heating surface of the first heating panel provides radiant heating in a second one of the plurality of cooking zones for a second cooking fray placed on an adjacent second heating panel under the lower heating surface of the first heating panel.
  • the upper heating surface of the heating panel provides radiant heating in a first one of the plurality of cooking zones for a first cooking tray placed slightly above the upper heating surface of a first heating panel and the lower heating surface of the first heating panel provides radiant heating in a second one of the plurality of cooking zones for a second cooking tray placed on or slightly above an adjacent second heating panel under the lower heating surface of the first heating panel.
  • the means for separately controlling the heat output of the upper heating surface and the lower heatmg surface of each of the heating panels comprises a software routine operating in response to control signals from a user interface panel.
  • the oven comprises means for enabling each of the panels to be connected or disconnected from the cooking oven.
  • a cooking oven comprising at least one cooking zone, formed by a lower heating element of a first heating panel and an upper heating element of a second heating panel positioned below the first heatmg panel in the oven, each heating panel comprises an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface separated by insulation, and means for independently controlling the heat output of the upper heatmg surface and the lower heating surface of each heating panel forming said cooking zone.
  • the oven comprises means for providing a convection heating mode of operation.
  • the oven comprises a control panel positioned adjacent to an access door for providing a user interface with controls and displays.
  • the upper heating surface of the second heatmg panel provides conduction heating for a cooking tray placed on the upper heating surface of the second heating panel and the lower heating surface of the first heating panel provides radiant heating for the cooking fray placed on the second heating panel below the lower heating surface of the first heating panel.
  • the upper heating surface of the second heating panel comprises means for conduction and radiant heating for a cooking fray placed on the upper heating surface of the second heating panel and the lower heatmg surface of the first heating panel provides radiant heating for the cooking tray placed on the second heating panel below the lower heatmg surface of the first heating panel.
  • the upper heating surface of the second heating panel provides radiant heating for a cooking tray placed slightly above the upper heatmg surface of the second heating panel and the lower heatmg surface of the first heating panel provides radiant heating for the cooking tray placed slightly above the second heating panel below the lower heatmg surface of the first heating panel.
  • a method of providing a cooking oven comprising the steps of providing a heat insulated cabinet having a top, bottom, rear and side walls and an access door attached to the front of the cabinet, positioning a plurality of heating panels spaced-apart within the cabinet, each of the panels having an upper and a lower surface and comprising means for heating the upper surface of each of the panels and means for heating the lower surface of each of the panels, the upper surface and the lower surface of each panel being separated by insulation, controlling individually the upper surface heatmg means for each of the panels, and controlling individually the lower surface heating means for each of the panels.
  • the method comprises the step of providing a convection heating mode of operation.
  • the step of positioning a plurality of heating panels within the cabinet, each of the panels having an upper surface and a lower surface and comprising means for heating the upper surface and the lower surface further comprises the step of providing means for conductive heating and radiant heatmg a first cooking fray placed on the upper surface of a first one of the heating panels and the lower surface of the first one of the panels providing radiant heating for a second cooking tray placed on an adjacent second one of the heating panels under the lower surface of the first one of the heating panels.
  • the step of positioning a plurality of heatmg panels spaced-apart within the cabinet, each of the panels having an upper and a lower surface further comprises the step of providing the upper surface with peaks and valleys for conductive and radiant heatmg.
  • the step of controlling individually the upper surface heating means for each of the panels comprises the step of providing a software routine to operate in response to control signals from a user interface panel.
  • the step of controlling individually the lower surface heating means for each of the panels comprises the step of providing a software routine to operate in response to control signals from a user interface panel.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of a multiple panel cooking oven accordmg to the present invention providing, via a control panel, independently controlled conduction and radiant heating elements and in one embodiment an optional convection heatmg element;
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the interconnections between the confrol panel and the heating elements of each panel of the oven of Figure 1 according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the heating elements in a panel, having an upper element for conductive heating and lower element for radiant heating, connected to a power controller which interfaces with the control panel;
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the control panel showing a user interface keypad and numeric displays
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a multiple speed, forward curved blower showing the return air flow and the hot air flow for convective heating;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a software routine for initializing all displays and modes according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a software routine for the fan controls
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a software routine for the light controls
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a software routine for the temperature set point
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a software routine for the timer adjust
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a software routine for incrementing the timer
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a software routine for decrementing the timer
  • FIGS. 13A-13C are flow charts of a software routine for the confrol of the conductive/radiant panels.
  • FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a software routine for determining the radiant panel configuration. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • a perspective view of the invention of a cooking oven 10 comprising a plurality of panels 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 forming a plurality of cooking zones 35-39 within an enclosure 12 and a control panel 14. These cooking zones are referred to as Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 3, Zone 4 and Zone 5 respectively.
  • the oven 10 includes a convection heating mode of operation and a combined radiation and conduction mode of operation.
  • the oven enclosure 12 includes a door 16 for easy access to the panels 18-28, and the control panel 14 is positioned adjacent to the door 16.
  • Each panel 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 extends horizontally from one side 17 of the oven 10 to an opposite side 19 and comprises an upper heatmg element 44, a lower heating element 46 and an insulation section 45 between such heating elements 44 and 46.
  • Panel 18 utilizes only the lower heating element 42 because it is a top panel in the oven 10 and only needs to provide radiant heating.
  • Panel 28 utilizes only the upper heating element 48 because it is the bottom panel in the oven 10.
  • Panels 18 and 28 may be embodied by the same panel used for panels 20-26 or may be embodied by a single heating element panel depending on space and cost parameters.
  • Panels 20-26 are removable to enlarge the size of one or more of the cooking zones 35-39; as each panel is removed to increase the size of a zone, the number of zones decreases by 1. Still referring to FIG. 1, when a cooking pan is placed, for example, in zone 1, on the upper heating element 44 of panel 20 conduction heating occurs and the cooking pan also receives radiant heating from the lower heating element 42, of the panel 18. However, if the cooking pan is positioned in the oven 10 so that it is slightly raised and not in contact with the heating surface of heating element 44, then the cooking pan receives radiant heatmg from the upper heating element 44 of panel 20 as well as radiant heating from the lower heating element 42 of panel 18.
  • the upper heating surface of heating element 44 of panel 20 comprises peaks and valleys such as a dimpled surface design. With this dimpled surface a cooking pan or a food product such as a pizza sitting directly on such surface would receive conductive heating from the points on the pan in contact with the peaks of the dimpled surface and radiant heating from the valleys of the dimpled surface.
  • the oven 10 comprises a control panel 14 with an individual control for each heating element of panels 18-28 for providing individual power levels for each heatmg element of each panel.
  • the combination of radiation heating and conductive heating enhances the cooking energy efficiency within the oven 10 and results in very uniform baking performance and significant cook time reduction.
  • Flexible individual panel element confrol allows an operator to tailor each panel's performance to the individual food product's needs.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the interconnections between the control panel 14 and each panel 18-28 of the oven 10.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the control panel 14.
  • the control panel 14 comprises button switches 71, 73, 74, 77-79, 81, 82, 84a-84e, 85a-85e, 86a-86e, and displays 72, 76, 80 and 87a-87e which interface with a processor or microconfroller 90.
  • the microconfroller 90 controls relays 92-96 and power switches 51-60 in accordance with the selected mode on the control panel 14.
  • the microcontroller 90 may be embodied by Model PIC16F88, manufactured by Microchip, of Chandler, Arizona or Model ST92F124R9 manufactured by STMicroelecfronics of Geneva, Switzerland.
  • a power switch 70 located at the top of the control panel 14 is provided for switching single-phase AC power ON and OFF to the confrol panel 14.
  • a 3-phase contactor 91 under the control of the microcontroller 90 switches the AC power to heating elements 44 and 46 for controlling each of the cooking zones 35-39.
  • the contactor 91 passes power through relays 92, 93, 94, 95 and 96 which confrol the AC voltage to a fan 97, convection heating element 98, and panels 18-28 comprising heating elements 44 and 46.
  • Each of the heatmg elements 44 and 46 receives the AC voltage via one of the power switches 51-60.
  • the power switches 51-60 are implemented with triac switches. Of course other power switching devices may be used such as solid state or electro-mechanical relays or silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) known in the art.
  • the triac switches may be embodied by Model NTE5638, manufactured by NTE Electronics, of Bloomfield, New Jersey or Model BTA12-600SW manufactured by STMicroelecfronics of Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Each heating element 44 and 46 of panels 18-28 is controlled by the confrol panel 14 via the microcontroller 90, whereby different power levels can be selected for cooking different foods in different cooking zones 35-39, and each of the heating elements 44 and 46 in each of the panels 18-28 can be turned ON and OFF or controlled variably by phase firing or pulse width modulation to a predetermined percentage duty cycle.
  • the contactor 91 may be implemented with a 3-pole contactor rated at 40 AMPS per pole.
  • the contactor 91 and the power switches 51-60 have a power rating in accordance with the rating of the heating elements used. In the present embodiments each heating element is rated at 750 watts.
  • the contactor 91 may be embodied by FURNAS model 42BF35AG, manufactured by Siemens Automation and Energy of Alpharetta, Georgia.
  • each panel comprising an upper heating element 44 for providing conductive and/or radiant heating and a lower heating element 46 for radiant heating, as well as an insulating section 45 positioned between the heating elements 44 and 46.
  • a temperature sensor 32 is positioned within the cavity of the oven 10 on the front upper portion of side 17.
  • the heating elements 44 and 46 of the panels 18-28 of the preferred embodiment comprise a very thin thermal film ink which is bonded to a dielectric such as borosilicate glass which is applied to a metal substrate, typically 430 series stainless steel.
  • a resistive element such as thin gage ni- chrome wire is embedded in an insulative bed, such as in ceramic, within one of various pattern arrangements.
  • Each panel thickness is approximately seven-sixteenths inch, and each panel plugs in and out of connectors (not shown).
  • Panels 20-26 are removable for easy cleaning and oven configurability.
  • the panels 18-28 may be embodied by heating panels as described above manufactured by Ferro Techniek BV of 7011 AT Gaanderen, The Netherlands.
  • the front elevational view of the control panel 14 comprises a user interface keypad, displays and a power switch 70.
  • the power switch 70 turns the oven 10 ON and OFF, and a light button 71 turns ON and OFF lights within the oven 10.
  • Minute timer button switches 73 and 74 adjust the timer display 72 for setting the operational time for the oven 10.
  • the fan switches 77-79 control the operation of the oven 10 in one of three possible convection heating modes, i.e. HI, LOW, and COOL, and the temperature of the oven 10 during this convection mode of operation is set by temperature button switches 81 and 82.
  • the temperature display 80 indicates the temperature of the oven and the set point for the convection mode of operation. Still referring to Figure 4, a lower portion of the confrol panel 14 comprises the control and displays for enabling and adjusting the conduction/radiant heating modes comprising cooking zones 1-5. Zone 1 (35) is controlled by OFF switch 84a in oven 10, lower element switch 85a, and upper element switch 86a. In the present embodiment, one heating level may be selected for each of the cooking zones 1-5 (35- 39) such as a percentage power level. The heating level selected is shown in display 80. Switch buttons 84a-86e enable zones 2-5 respectively and each of the zones 2 to zones 5 are similarly adjusted by decrement switch 81 and increment switch 82.
  • a closed loop confrol with temperature feedback may be provided.
  • the heating level selected is shown in display 80.
  • the button switches 71, 73, 74, 81, 82, 84a-84e, 85a-85e, 86a-86e, and 87a-87e may be embodied by individual push buttons or a keypad commonly known in the art.
  • the displays 72, 76, 80 and 87a-87e may be embodied by seven segment LEDs commonly known in the art.
  • the variability in heating levels is achieved by use of phase-firing or pulse- width-modulation (PWM) techniques, whereby only a fixed, predetermined percentage of the power is delivered to a heatmg element.
  • PWM pulse- width-modulation
  • the precise amount is established by selection with arrow keys and can be altered by programming and keystrokes (see FIGS. 13A-13C).
  • Phase firing is implemented in software by delaying the time to turn on the solid state, power switches 51-60 after the zero crossing by a specific amount, e.g. 5 msec, out of the 60 Hz sine wave, which then allows only the remaining portion of each half- wave of power to reach an element.
  • Pulse width modulation is implemented in a similar fashion by dividing a fixed period (e.g. 100 msec.) square wave into a percentage ON time and a remaining percentage OFF time, e.g. 20% ON and 80% OFF. This signal is applied to the solid state power switch, which has the result of proportioning only that percentage of power to the element.
  • An electromechanical relay may also be used with much longer periods (e.g. 2 seconds ON and 8 seconds OFF).
  • PWM is implemented in the preferred embodiment (see FIGS. 13A-13C).
  • configuration or continuity relays 92 are energized long enough to determine the panel configuration i.e. which panels 20-26 have been removed, if any, by measuring either the current flow or the continuity within a given element within a given panel 18-28. Because there are four removable panels 20-26, four relays represented by relay 92 are required to establish the configuration by means of continuity. In the normal operation state, the relays 92 pass line power to the panel elements; in the configuration state, the relays 92 pass low voltage logic power to the microconfroller 90 through the elements. Thus, the microconfroller 90 can determine the presence or absence of a panel by continuity.
  • This configuration data is stored in memory of the microcontroller 90, and is used to determine which groups of elements are to form which zones within the oven 10 and are powered accordingly.
  • a door switch 107 and a cut-out switch 108 are provided to control the contactor 91.
  • FIG. 5 a perspective view of a multiple speed, forward curved blower wheel 100 is shown for providing heated, convected air circulation as in conventional convection ovens in combination with a 208V, single phase two speed motor along a common shaft combined with two 2500W heating elements 98 and 99 surrounding the perimeter of said blower wheel 100. All is contained behind an air circulation baffle plate 102 that receives re-circulating air 103 in the center of the baffle plate 102 and in rum, in the center of the lower wheel 100, and then redistributes the air 104 outward radially around the baffle plate 102 openings.
  • FIG. 6-14 flow charts of the software routines for the control program are provided for operating the oven 10 and controlling the panels 18- 28 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Entry points and exit points on the flow charts are indicated by letters A through K and a common return point is labeled RET.
  • RET return point
  • FIG. 6 a flow chart is shown of a software subroutine for initializing the cooking oven's displays and modes (HIGH, LOW and COOL).
  • the software routine starts at entry point 130.
  • the displays are initialized by flashing all segments of all displays on control panel 14 (FIG. 4) and sounding the annunciator 89.
  • Block 134 strobes the digits in the LED displays in succession.
  • Block 138 constantly checks the door switch 107.
  • Blocks 140, 146, and 148 determine whether the fan 97 comes on; blocks 142, 150, and 152 determine whether the convection elements come on, while the temperature setpoint comes on at the setpoint which was in effect at power down. Then in block 154 the mafrix of keys on the keypad is strobed, column by column.
  • the temperature display 80 alternately shows the temperature read from the sensor and the setpoint; temperatures are rounded to the nearest 5 degree F.
  • the convection heating elements are powered on in block 152 until the temperature exceeds the setpoint, with a deadband of 5 degrees F.
  • the "TIMER" 72 displays ' : 00' unless there was time remaining in the timer at power down, in which case ' : 00' flashes to indicate power failure.
  • time is entered into the countdown timer, it counts down to ' : 00' and sounds the annunciator 89.
  • the display indicates whole minutes until the countdown becomes 1 minute or less, in which case it indicates seconds.
  • Block 156 reads when a key is pressed, and the control program branches to one of five other routines; blocks 160-178 execute the various branches to said routines.
  • Blocks 200, 208, and 214 read the Fan keys “HIGH” 77, “LOW” 78, and “COOL” 79, which determine the speed of the fan 97 and the mode.
  • Blocks 202, 210, and 216 indicate in display 76 the current fan mode by displaying the letters C, L or H.
  • Blocks 204, 206, 212, 218, and 220 affect the fan speed; in "COOL" mode, the fan 97 stays on at high speed, even when the door 16 is opened, and the convection and conductive/radiant elements are turned off.
  • Blocks 240-244 read the "LIGHT" key to toggle the halogen lights (not shown) ON and OFF located on each side 17, 19 of the oven cavity.
  • Blocks 250-266 read the "TEMP"erature keys ("UP” arrow 82 and “DOWN” arrow 81) to increment and decrement the setpoint by 5 degrees F; blocks 264-266 and 272-274 increment or decrement the setpoint by 25 degrees F if the keys are held longer than Vz second.
  • Blocks 252, 258, 262, and 270 establish temperatures from 200 degrees F to 550 degrees F to be valid, rounded to the nearest 5 degrees F.
  • Blocks 300-308 increment and decrement the countdown time using the "TIMER" keys ("UP” arrow 74 and “DOWN” arrow 73); passing through blocks 300 and 306 to blocks 310-312 results in pressing both keys, simultaneously resetting the time to ' : 00'.
  • Blocks 330-346 increment the countdown time by 1 minute, 10 minutes, or 1 hour depending on how long the "TIMER UP" arrow key 74 is held and what the current countdown time is. Block 330 allows a valid countdown time up to ' 9:59'. Blocks 334-340 read a key held for V_ sec or more and increment the timer to the next 10 minutes. Blocks 342-346 read a key held for V_ second or more with whole hours being displayed and increment the timer to the next hour; 9 is the largest hour value allowed.
  • Blocks 360-376 decrement the countdown time by 1 minute, 10 minutes or 1 hour depending on how long the "TIMER DOWN" arrow key 73 is held and what the countdown time is. Blocks 360 allows a valid countdown time down to ' : 00', whereby the timer function is canceled. Blocks 364-370 read a key held for V_ second or more and decrement the timer to the next 10 minutes. Blocks 372-376 read a key held for V_ second or more with whole hours being displayed and decrement the timer to the next hour; reaching '0:00' cancels the timer function.
  • FIG. 13A, 13B and 13C flow charts are shown for the software routine to control the conductive/radiant panels 18-28.
  • panel keys for zones 1-5 (“OFF” 84a-84e, "UP” arrow 86a-86e, and “DOWN” arrow 85a-85e) determine the power levels delivered to the individual elements on each of the individual panels 18-28. Eleven predetermined levels ('0 - 100 %') are selected by the "TEMP"erature arrow keys 81, 82.
  • Blocks 400-404 read one of the five Zone 'DOWN' arrow keys 85a-85e and flash the lower bar of the display for that zone.
  • Blocks 416-420 read the "TEMP”erature “DOWN” key 81, decrementing the pulse width modulation (PWM) percentage (%) power level in steps of 10% down to 0%.
  • Blocks 422-426 read the "TEMP"erature “UP” arrow key 82, incrementing the PWM % power level in steps of 10% up to 100%.
  • Blocks 406-410 save the new value, display a lower bar, redisplay cavity temperature, and enable the lower element for that zone.
  • Blocks 414-416 read a Zone "UP" arrow key (86a-86e).
  • FIG. 13B is a continuation of the flow chart Figure 13A for the control of the conductive/radiant panels 18-28.
  • Blocks 430-432 read one of the five Zone 'UP" arrow keys 85a-85e and flash the upper bar of the display for that zone.
  • Blocks 442-446 read the "TEMP"erature "DOWN” key 81 , decrementing the PWM % power level in steps of 10% down to 0%.
  • Blocks 448-452 read the "TEMP"erature "UP” arrow key 82, incrementing the PWM % power level in steps of 10% up to 100%.
  • Blocks 434-440 save the new value, display an upper bar, redisplay cavity temperature, and enable the upper element for that zone.
  • FIG. 13C is a continuation of the flow chart from
  • FIG. 13B for the control of the conductive/radiant panels 18-28.
  • Blocks 460-462 and 466 and blocks 480-482 and 486 read the Zone "OFF" key and remove power from a zone 35-39 (pair of radiant/conductive elements - FIG. 2).
  • Block 464 powers a zone lower element while block 484 powers a zone upper element.
  • a flow chart is shown of a software routine for determining the panel configuration of the oven 10.
  • Block 500 energizes a set of relays 92 to measure either current flow or continuity in the conductive/radiant elements.
  • Block 502 determines the configuration; block 504 places the configuration in memory to determine which zones 35-39 are in effect.
  • Block 506 displays a '-' to indicate an unused zone. Zones are removed from service from the bottom (zone 5) up, regardless of which panel(s) have been removed.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un four de cuisine (10) à plusieurs étages dotés de commandes undividuelles de chauffage par rayonnement et par conduction. Chacun desdits étages comporte un élément chauffant (44) supérieur chauffant par conduction et un élément chauffant (46) inférieur chauffant par rayonnement, d'où une cuisson uniforme à l'intérieur des différents étages (18, 20, 22, 24, 26). Le four comporte également un tableau de commande (14), à afficheurs et claviers interfacés avec un processeur, qui produit des signaux de commande de la température des éléments chauffants des différents étages. L'augmentation du rendement énergétique de cuisson du fait des transferts thermiques dans ces deux modes vers les aliments, entraîne une réduction des temps de cuisson. L'indépendance des étages permet de préparer simultanément différents produits dans des conditions de cuisson différentes. Dans une exécution, le four (10) ne possède pas de mode convexion et l'unique source de chaleur est fournie par des panneaux radiants à conduction.
PCT/US2002/028264 2001-09-07 2002-09-05 Four de cuisine a plusieurs etages dotes de commandes individuelles de chauffage par rayonnement et par conduction WO2003024154A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US31801801P 2001-09-07 2001-09-07
US60/318,078 2001-09-07
US10/234,887 2002-09-04
US10/234,887 US6818869B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2002-09-04 Multiple panel oven having individual controls for combined conductive and radiant heating panels

Publications (1)

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WO2003024154A1 true WO2003024154A1 (fr) 2003-03-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011000008U1 (de) 2011-01-04 2011-05-12 Rational Ag Berührungsbildschirm und Gargerät hiermit

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886346A (en) * 1973-10-19 1975-05-27 Meyers Systems And Technology Reheating and reconstitution apparatus
US5880434A (en) * 1995-11-21 1999-03-09 Restaurant Technology, Inc. Food treatment cabinet
US5900173A (en) * 1995-12-20 1999-05-04 Prince Castle Inc. Food warming apparatus
US6111224A (en) * 1999-12-02 2000-08-29 Hatco Corporation Food warming oven with transparent heating shelves

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886346A (en) * 1973-10-19 1975-05-27 Meyers Systems And Technology Reheating and reconstitution apparatus
US5880434A (en) * 1995-11-21 1999-03-09 Restaurant Technology, Inc. Food treatment cabinet
US5900173A (en) * 1995-12-20 1999-05-04 Prince Castle Inc. Food warming apparatus
US6111224A (en) * 1999-12-02 2000-08-29 Hatco Corporation Food warming oven with transparent heating shelves

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011000008U1 (de) 2011-01-04 2011-05-12 Rational Ag Berührungsbildschirm und Gargerät hiermit

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