WO2003019943A1 - Procede de gestion collective a distance pour systeme de television numerique - Google Patents

Procede de gestion collective a distance pour systeme de television numerique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003019943A1
WO2003019943A1 PCT/CN2002/000202 CN0200202W WO03019943A1 WO 2003019943 A1 WO2003019943 A1 WO 2003019943A1 CN 0200202 W CN0200202 W CN 0200202W WO 03019943 A1 WO03019943 A1 WO 03019943A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
transport stream
digital video
tsp
network management
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PCT/CN2002/000202
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jinmin Liu
Zhiming Xiong
Zhan Wang
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
Publication of WO2003019943A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003019943A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4622—Retrieving content or additional data from different sources, e.g. from a broadcast channel and the Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/478—Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application
    • H04N21/4782—Web browsing, e.g. WebTV
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technology for implementing remote centralized management in a network, and in particular, to a technology and method for implementing remote centralized management of digital video equipment on a network.
  • a typical digital video system is generally composed of the following five main functional modules: Encoder: A / D conversion, quantization and compression encoding of the input analog television signal (image and sound), output ITU-T H222. 0 (ISO / IEC13818-1) Standard Transport Stream (Transpor t Stream, hereinafter referred to as Transport Stream or TS).
  • Encoder A / D conversion, quantization and compression encoding of the input analog television signal (image and sound), output ITU-T H222. 0 (ISO / IEC13818-1) Standard Transport Stream (Transpor t Stream, hereinafter referred to as Transport Stream or TS).
  • Decoder Completes the opposite function of the encoder: Inputs a standard transport stream, after decoding,
  • the transport stream input by the decoder can contain a single program or multiple programs.
  • Multiplexer Completes the system layer multiplexing function of the transport stream, multiplexes multiple transport streams, and outputs a transport stream that conforms to ITU-T H222. 0 (ISO / IEC13818-1).
  • Adapter Completes the bi-directional adaptation of the transport stream data format to the SDH frame structure, and the bi-directional conversion of the transport stream interface to the ITU-T G703 telecommunication interface, enabling the transmission and reception of transport stream data on the SDH network.
  • Distributor Completes one or more hard copies of the transmitted data stream, that is, the function of single division and multiple divisions.
  • the dispenser is not manageable.
  • FIG. 1 A typical system network is shown in Figure 1. This is in the SDH (Synchronous Digital Series Synchronous
  • Digi tal Hierachy is the most common optical communication system on the telecommunication network, and can also refer to optical communication equipment that meets the requirements of this system) to realize the transmission of digital broadcast television programs on the network.
  • the solid line is the digital video service data link
  • the dotted line is the network management data link.
  • a / V stands for analog audio and video signals
  • ENC stands for encoder
  • DEC stands for decoder
  • MUX stands for multiplexer
  • NA stands for adapter
  • DIS stands for distributor.
  • One or more analog full TV signals A / V are encoded into the transport stream TS by the corresponding encoder ENC, and after being multiplexed by the multiplexer MUX, they are sent to the adapter NA to be converted into an ITU-T G703 data stream and transmitted to the SDH network.
  • the ITU-T G703 data stream received by the receiver from the SDH network is converted into a transport stream TS by the adapter NA, and then distributed by the distributor DIS to one or more decoders DEC and decoded into one or more analog all-TV signals. This completes the long-distance transmission of digital video service data.
  • encoders In this transmission system, encoders, decoders, multiplexers, and adapters generally provide Ethernet interfaces for device management, and as shown in Figure 1, a local area network for management (LAN).
  • LAN local area network for management
  • a data communication network for network management supporting the IP protocol is established between these digital broadcast television systems, that is, between these local area networks.
  • the solution shown in FIG. 2 is adopted, which is to equip these local area networks with several network interconnection devices, such as gateways or routers 101 and 201, to interconnect each local area network (LAN) to a wide area network (WAN) to form a remote centralized network management system
  • the management system 102 (Lee S) on the microcomputer and the management agent (Agent) on each device exchange management data with each other to achieve remote centralized management of the entire network of devices.
  • the service data between the digital video devices 104 and 204 are interconnected through the adapters 103 and 203.
  • the main drawback of this method is that an additional data communication network needs to be set up on the SDH transmission network to support the management data exchange, which requires another channel to be occupied on a dedicated high-speed SDH network.
  • Management data transmission rate is low, generally only a few Kb it / s to dozens of Kbi t / s, occupying an SDH channel> 2Mbi t / s is obviously a waste of resources; increased network management Network systems also need to add gateways or routers for network interconnection. Add these interconnection devices and
  • the interface of the SDH transmission network is the SDH service board, which obviously increases the hardware cost of the network.
  • the object of the present invention is to realize remote centralized management of digital video systems on a network at low cost.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: a WAN interface for network management IP is simulated on the original adapter remote interface, and a network management IP data forwarding function is added between the newly added WAN interface and the original Ethernet interface, and the network management IP The data is converted into the same transport stream packet TSP as the service data, which is co-channel transmitted with the service data.
  • a specific network byte order encapsulation adaption layer is provided between the IP data and the transport stream TS, and the two-way conversion of the IP data and the transport stream TS is completed through this adaption layer.
  • the protocol stack for the conversion of IP data specifically selects a protocol stack expressed by IP / class AAL5 / TS.
  • AIP-like encapsulation is performed on the IP data first, and then TS integer segmentation is performed on the encapsulated AAL5-like datagram.
  • the number of bytes of the encapsulated datagram is an integer multiple of 184 bytes of the transport stream packet TSP payload.
  • an identifier different from other service data should be set in the header format of the transport stream packet TSP.
  • the TSP header format includes at least the following information: A. PID identifier specific to the IP data of the network management; B. Priority identifier of the IP data of the network management; C. Initial identifier of the IP data of the network management.
  • a network management PID filter is set at the service data receiving end to identify the PID as the network management PID transport stream packets TSP, which are continuously received and counted. If the number of received transport stream packets TSP of the network management IP is not greater than the specified value, it is deemed to be received correctly; otherwise, all transport stream packets TSP received this time are discarded, Restart counting.
  • the data in the transport stream packet TSP payload is first assembled, and delivered to the class AAL5 adapter for processing into IP data. After the verification is correct, the data is delivered to the IP protocol for processing.
  • Figure 1 shows the service networking of a digital video system
  • Figure 2 shows the use of routers for remote centralized management of IP interconnection
  • Figure 3 shows IP interconnection using remote centralized management using adapters
  • Figure 4 shows the complete protocol stack for the adapter to complete IP data forwarding
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a transport stream packet TSP format
  • FIG. 6 shows an AAL5-like encapsulation format according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a star-shaped networking mode for practical remote centralized management
  • Figure 8 shows a ring-type networking method for practical remote centralized management.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Service data between digital video devices 104 and 204 is interconnected through adapters 103 and 203, and two local area networks (LANs) are connected through adapters 103 and 103.
  • 203 is directly connected to a wide area network (WAN).
  • the Ethernet IP address of adapter 103 is 10.14.3.54, the WAN IP address is 11.1.1.1; the Ethernet IP address of adapter 203 is 12.1.1.1, and the WAN IP address is 11.1.1.2.
  • the adapter in the digital video system has two interfaces, Ethernet and remote network, as well as a router.
  • the two interfaces of the adapter are modified, and a wide area network interface for network management is simulated on the original remote network DC-3 interface.
  • the network management IP data forwarding function (that is, the function performed by routers 101 and 102 in FIG. 2) is added occasionally, and the network management data is sent and received along with the service data.
  • the specific method is as follows:
  • the adapter uses the pSOS real-time operating system, which itself implements a relatively complete TCP / IP protocol.
  • the interface that works in a specific way is implemented on the DS-3 interface.
  • the local Ethernet interface used for the equipment network management; between these two interfaces, the TCP / IP module of pSOS is used to complete the forwarding of IP data, and the LANs of different locations are interconnected.
  • This method can be referred to as IP Over TS.
  • the schematic is shown in Figure 3.
  • the complete protocol stack for the adapter to complete the IP data forwarding is shown in Figure 4.
  • the underlined part of the protocol stack is the protocol implemented by the IP Over TS of the present invention to handle IP data encapsulation and transmission.
  • the adapter first encapsulates the IP data to be forwarded with AAL5 (ATM Adaptation Layer 5) -like encapsulation, and then fragments it into Transport Stream Packets (TSPs). Send and receive along with business data.
  • AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5
  • TSPs Transport Stream Packets
  • the unified encapsulation format for remote transmission is the transport stream packet TSP.
  • the TSP format is shown in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 5, the meaning and length of each field in the TSP format are: 1. Sync— byte, sync byte, 8bit. 0x47, to achieve the demarcation of each TSP in the transport stream and synchronization of data transmission and reception.
  • TSP carries the first fragment of a certain load unit. This flag will be set to 1, otherwise it will be 0.
  • TSPs with the same PID represent the same data source
  • TSP has similar orderness to ATM cells (cells) in the transmission process, and AAL5 is also a general and effective encapsulation form for IP datagrams, so the adapter will first perform a class of AAL5 for the IP datagrams it needs to send.
  • Network byte order (etwork Byte order) encapsulation the encapsulation format is shown in Figure 6. As shown in FIG. 6, the meaning and length of the fields of the AAL5-like encapsulation format as a preferred embodiment are:
  • Payload Generally an IP datagram. Its length is self-contained.
  • Padding 0 to 183 bytes. The entire data packet length after encapsulation is padded to an integer multiple of the 184 TSP payload length.
  • Length 2 bytes, which is the length of the payload plus padding bytes, excluding the length and CRC fields.
  • CRC 4 bytes, the CRC check of all the previous fields, the polynomial selection is
  • the most efficient transmission unit of Ethernet in general is 1500 bytes.
  • the maximum byte length after encapsulation should take such a value: close to 1500 bytes and an integer multiple of 184 bytes of the TSP payload length, so that the IP datagram transmitted from the local area network , Can be placed in an AAL5-like datagram, and can be sent with an integer number of TSPs after fragmentation.
  • the DS_3 interface tells this MTU to the IP protocol module, and the length of the IP data delivered to the DS-3 interface by the IP protocol is not greater than the MTU.
  • the transmitting end is fragmented with a length of 184 bytes, placed in the payload portion of the TSP, and sent along with the service data.
  • TSP header of the fragment of the IP data data section is specifically defined as follows: sync_byte, transport_error_ indicator: Filled in accordance with the format of H.222.0.
  • payload_ unit_ start_indicator set to 0 if it is the last piece of AAL5 package, otherwise set to 1.
  • transport_priority Assuming network management data is more important, set to 1.
  • PID It is a legal value selected from other service data PIDs, which is called network management PID.
  • the network management PIDs of the sender and receiver must be the same to achieve duplex communication. The user can configure the network management PID, but it cannot conflict with the PID of other business data.
  • the receiving end is equipped with a filter of the network management PID to continuously receive the transmission stream containing the network management PID. Group TSP and count.
  • a packet with payloadjmit_start_ndicator of 0 is encountered, and the number of packets with a payload_unit_start_indicator of 1 previously received is not greater than 8
  • the data in the received TSP payload is assembled and delivered to the class AAL5 to be adapted to be processed. After the IP data is verified, it is handed over to the IP protocol for processing.
  • the adapter now has two network interfaces. According to the definition of the IP protocol, it knows the direct routes of these two networks.
  • the digital video system is generally simpler in networking. Using the default routing configuration can realize the IP interconnection of the entire network management system.
  • the detailed routing table of the adapter 103 may be:
  • Figure 7 shows a star network.
  • Figure 8 shows a ring network.
  • DVN is a digital video network
  • 102 is a network management system NMS
  • NMS network management system
  • “cloud” indicates a local network management LAN LAN composed of digital video equipment
  • PC indicates a network management computer
  • dashed line indicates a DS-3 link.
  • All local network management LANs are interconnected through adapters.
  • FIG. 7 three sub-nodes are connected through adapters 203, 303, and 403, and adapters 103, 503, and 603 of the central node, respectively.
  • Each adapter has two interfaces for two IP addresses.
  • Adapter 103 10.14,3,254 / 11.1.1.1;
  • Adapter 403 14.1 1, 1/11 1 1.4;
  • I. I Figure 8 shows a ring network scheme, in which the central node and three ring nodes are connected in sequence.
  • the IP addresses of the adapters 103, 203, 303, and 403 are:
  • routing table ⁇ 103 routing table 203 routing table

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Television Systems (AREA)

Description

数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及网络中远程集中式管理的实现技术， 特别涉及到网絡上 的数字化视频设备的远程集中式管理技术和实现方法。 发明背景
典型的数字视频系统一般由以下五个主要的功能模块组成： 编码器： 对输入的模拟电视信号 （图像与伴音）进行 A/D转换、 量 化和压缩编码， 输出 ITU-T H222. 0 (ISO/IEC13818- 1)标准的传输流 ( Transpor t Stream, 以下简称传输流或 TS )。
解码器： 完成的功能与编码器相反： 输入标准的传输流， 经过解码、
D/A转换、 模拟信号的编码， 输出符合 ITU- R 601标准的全电视信号。 解码器输入的传输流可以含单套节目或多套节目。
复用器： 完成传输流的系统层 （Sys tem Layer ) 复用功能， 将多路 传输流进行复接， 输出符合 ITU-T H222. 0 (ISO/IEC13818-1)的传输流。
适配器： 完成传输流数据格式到 SDH帧结构的双向适配、 传输流接 口到 ITU- T G703电信接口的双向转换， 实现传输流数据在 SDH 网络上 的发送和接收。
分配器： 完成传输数据流一个到多个的硬拷贝， 即筒单一分多的功 能。 分配器不可管理。
典型的系统组网如图 1所示。这是在 SDH(同步数字系列 Synchronous
Digi tal Hierachy是电信网上最常见光通信体制， 也可以指满足这种体 制规定的光通信设备） 网络上实现数字化广播电视节目的传输。 在这种 传输方式中，其中实线为数字视频业务数据链路，虚线为网管数据链路。 A/V代表模拟的音频视频信号， ENC代表编码器， DEC代表解码器， MUX 代表复用器， NA代表适配器， DIS代表分配器。
一路或多路模拟全电视信号 A/V经相应的编码器 ENC编码成传输流 TS , 经复用器 MUX复接后， 送入适配器 NA转换成 ITU- T G703数据流传 送至 SDH网络上。
接收端从 SDH网络上接收下来的 ITU- T G703数据流经适配器 NA转 换成传输流 TS ,再经分配器 DIS分配给一个或多个解码器 DEC解码成一 路或多路模拟全电视信号。 从而完成数字视频业务数据的远距离传送。
在这套传输系统中， 编码器、 解码器、 复用器和适配器一般都提供 了用于设备管理的以太网 （Ethernet )接口，并且如图 1 所示可以在本 地组成一个管理用的局域网 （LAN )。
由于数字化广播电视节目的编码、 发送端和接收、 解码端在地理上 往往相隔几十、 几百到几千公里， 要实现两个以上的数字化广播电视系 统间的远程集中式网管， 就需要在这些数字化广播电视系统之间， 也就 是这些局域网之间再建立一个支持 I P协议的网管用数据通信网络。
通常采用图 2所示的方案， 就是在这些局域网上配备若干网络互联 设备， 如网关或路由器 101、 201， 将各个本地局域网 （LAN )互联在广 域网（WAN)上， 形成一个远程集中式网管系统， 微机上的管理系统 102 (丽 S)和每个设备上的管理代理（Agent)， 相互交换管理数据， 实现 对全网设备的远程集中化管理。 数字视频设备 104、 204 之间的业务数 据通过适配器 103、 203互联。
这种方式的主要缺陷是： 需要在 SDH传输网络上组建额外的数据通 信网络， 来支持管理数据的交换， 这就需要在专用的高速 SDH网络上再 占用一个通道。 管理数据传送速率较低， 一般只有几 Kb i t/s 到几十 Kbi t/s , 占用一个 >2Mbi t/s的 SDH通道显然是资源的浪费; 增加的网管 网络系统， 还需要增加网络互联的网关或路由器， 增加这些互联设备与
SDH传输网络的接口 SDH业务板， 这明显地增加了组网的硬件成本。 发明内容
本发明的目的是低成本的实现网络上的数字视频系统的远程集中式 管理。
本发明的基本思想是： 在原有的适配器远程接口上模拟出一个网管 IP用的广域网接口， 在这个新增的广域网接口和原有的以太网接口之间 增加网管 IP数据转发功能， 把网管 IP数据转换成和业务数据相同的传 输流分组 TSP, 与业务数据共通道传输。
较佳地， 在 IP数据和传输流 TS之间设置一个特定的能向两端相互 转换的网络字节顺序封装适配层，通过这个适配层完成 IP数据和传输流 TS的双向转换。
较佳地，对 IP数据的转换的协议栈具体选择用 IP/类 AAL5/TS表述 的协议栈。
较佳地， 先对 IP数据进行类 AAL5封装， 对于封装好的类 AAL5 数据报再进行 TS整数分片。
较佳地， 在进行类 AAL5封装时， 封装后数据报的字节数为传输流 分组 TSP有效载荷 184字节的整数倍。
较佳地， 在进行 TS分片时， 应在传输流分组 TSP的头部格式中设 置区别于其他业务数据的标识。
较佳地， 在 TSP头部格式中至少包含以下信息： A、 网管 IP数据特 定的 PID标识； B、 网管 IP数据优先权标识； C、 网管 IP数据起始标 识。
较佳地， 在业务数据接收端设置网管 PID过滤器， 识別 PID为网管 PID的传输流分组 TSP, 对之持续接收并计数， 如果接收到的网管 IP的 传输流分组 TSP的数量不大于规定值， 视为接收正确； 否则丢弃本次接 收到的所有传输流分组 TSP, 重新开始计数。
较佳地， 在接收正确时， 先将传输流分组 TSP载荷中的数据拼装起 来， 交给类 AAL5适配处理成 IP数据， 检验正确后交给 IP协议处理。
经过以上方法就可以完成网管数据和视频业务数据的共通道传输， 显然这种方式减少了网絡硬件设备， 实现了低成本远程集中式管理， 提 高了网络的带宽利用率。 附图简要说明
图 1示出了数字视频系统的业务组网；
图 2示出了使用路由器实现远程集中式管理的 IP互连；
图 3示出了使用适配器实现远程集中式管理的 IP互连；
图 4示出了适配器完成 IP数据转发的完整协议栈；
图 5示出了传输流分组 TSP格式的示意图；
图 6示出了依照本发明的一个较佳实施例的类 AAL5封装格式； 图 7示出了实用远程集中式管理的星型组网方式；
图 8示出了实用远程集中式管理的环型组网方式。 实施本发明的方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述。
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案、 及优点更加清楚明白， 以下参照附 图并举实施例， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
图 3是本发明实施方案的示意图，数字视频设备 104、 204之间的业 务数据通过适配器 103、 203互联， 两个局域网（ LAN )通过适配器 103、 203 直接连在广域网 （WAN ) 上， 适配器 103 的以太网 IP 地址是 10.14.3.54, 广域网 IP地址是 11.1.1.1; 适配器 203的以太网 IP地址是 12.1.1.1, 广域网 IP地址是 11.1.1.2。
数字视频系统中的适配器和路由器一样具有以太网和远程网两个接 口， 改造适配器的两个接口， 在原有的远程网 DC-3接口上模拟出一个 网管用的广域网接口，在两个接口之间增加网管 IP数据转发功能（即图 2中由路由器 101、 102完成的功能）， 将网管数据随着业务数据一起进 行发送和接收。
具体^:法是这样的： 适配器上使用了 pSOS实时操作系统， 它本身 实现了比较完整的 TCP/IP协议。 为 pSOS系统的 TCP/IP模块实现一个 按照特定方式来工作的接口， 这个特定工作方式的接口就是在 DS-3接 口上实现的。 再加上设备网管用的本地以太网接口； 在这两个接口之间 利用 pSOS的 TCP/IP模块完成 IP数据的转发， 实现不同地点的局域网 互连。 这种方法可以简称为 IP Over TS。 其示意图见图 3。
适配器完成 IP数据转发的完整协议栈见图 4， 该协议栈中加下划线 的部分即是本发明 IP Over TS为处理 IP数据封装、 收发而实现的协议。
按照如图 4所示的协议封装数据的具体实现方式是： 适配器将需要 转发的 IP数据先进行类 AAL5(ATM Adaptation Layer 5)封装， 然后分片 在传输流分组 (Transport Tream Packet, 简称 TSP)中， 随业务数据一起发 送与接收。
按照 H.222.0标准的规定， 电视节目经过编码压缩后， 进行远程传 输的统一封装格式是传输流分组 TSP。 TSP—般长度为 188个字节， 包 含 4个字节的头部（即图 5中的字段 1 ~ 6 ), 而用于承载有效数据的长 度为 188 - 4 = 184。 TSP格式见图 5。 如图 5所示， TSP格式中各字段意 义与长度为： 1 . sync— byte, 同步字节， 8bit。 为 0x47, 实现传输流中各个 TSP 的分界及数据收发的同步。
2 - transport_error_indicator, 传输错误指示， lbit。 如杲这个 TSP在 传输过程中出现错误， 该标志将被置为 1 , 否则为 0。
3 · payload—iinit— start— indicator, 载荷单元起: ½标志， lbit。 口果该
TSP承载的是某种载荷单元的第一个分片， 该标志将被置为 1, 否则为 0。
4 - transport_priority, 传输优先级。 如果认为此 TSP承载的数据比 其它数据重要， 该标志将被置 1, 否则为 0。
5 - PID, 分组标识， 13bit。 具有相同的 PID的 TSP表示同一数据源
(如压缩视频源、 压缩音频源等）产生的同一类数据。
6 · transport— scrambling— control, 传输力口扰控制， 2bit，
adaptation— field一 control, 适配域控制， 2bit, continuity— counter, 连续'! "生计数， 4bit。
7 ·有效载荷或适配字段。
TSP在传输过程中具有与 ATM信元（ cell )类似的有序性，并且 AAL5 也是对 IP数据报比较通用和有效的一种封装形式，因此适配器将需要发 送的 IP数据报先进行一种类 AAL5的网络字节顺序（ etwork Byte order ) 封装，封装格式如图 6所示。如图 6所示，作为较佳实施方式的类 AAL5 封装格式的字段意义与长度分别为：
有效载荷： 一般为 IP数据报。 其长度是自包含的。
填充： 0 ~ 183字节，将封装后的整个数据分组长度填充为 TSP载荷 长度 184的整数倍。
长度： 2 字节， 是有效载荷加上填充字节的长度， 不包含长度与和 CRC域。 CRC: 4字节， 对前面所有字段的 CRC效验， 多项式选择为
Χ32+Χ 26+Χ23+Χ22+Χ^β+Χ 2+Χ 1 +Χί0+^+Χ7+Χ5+^+Χ2+Χ+1 通常以太网的最大效率传输单元 （MTU ) 为 1500字节， 考虑传 输的效率， 封装后最大字节长度应取这样一个值： 接近 1500字节并且 是 TSP有效载荷长度 184字节的整数倍， 这样从局域网传递过来的 IP 数据报， 可以放在一个类 AAL5数据报中， 并且在分片后可以用整数 个 TSP进行发送。
具体的， 选择 184 x 9 = 1656, 减去类 AAL5封装的 6个字节的固定 长度尾部， 则最大传输单元 MTU = 1656 - 6 = 1650字节长度。 DS_3接 口将此 MTU告诉 IP协议模块，则 IP协议交给 DS-3接口的 IP数据才艮长度 不大于 MTU。
对于按照上述方法封装好的数据，发送端按 184字节长度进行分片， 放在 TSP的有效载荷部分， 随业务数据一起发送。
对于 IP数据数据部分的分片的 TSP头部格式特别定义如下： sync_byte, transport— error— indicator: 按照 H.222.0的格式填充。 payload— unit— start—indicator: 如果是类 AAL5封装的最后一片， 置 为 0， 否则为 1。
transport_priority: 假定网管数据比较重要， 置为 1。
PID: 为选定的一个区别于其他业务数据 PID的合法值， 称为网管 PID。 收发双方的网管 PID必须相同， 以实现双工通信。 用户可以配置 网管 PID, 但不能和其他业务数据的 PID冲突。
transport— scrambling— control, adaptation— field— control: 分另1 J为 00、
01。
continuity— counter: 按照 H.222.0†办议， 1页序累力口。
接收端设置有网管 PID的过滤器，连续接收含网管 PID的传输流分 组 TSP并计数。 当遇到 payloadjmit_start_ ndicator为 0的分组， 而且前 面接收的 payload— unit—start_indicator为 1的分组数量不大于 8时， 将接 收到的 TSP载荷中的数据拼装起来， 交给类 AAL5去适配处理成 IP数 据， 检验正确后交给 IP协议处理。
当接收到的 payload_unit__start__indicator为 1的分组超过 8个时， 表 明接收有误， 丟弃本次接收到的所有 TSP分组， 重新开始计数。
现在适配器具有两个网络接口， 按照 IP协议定义， 它知道这两个网 络的直接路由； 而数字视频系统一般组网比较简单， 利用缺省路由配置 即可实现全网网管的 IP互联。
适配器 103的详细路由表可以是：
Figure imgf000010_0001
图 7显示了一个星型组网方式。 图 8显示了一个环型组网方式。 在 这两张图中， DVN是数字视频网络， 102是网络网管系统 NMS, "云" 表示由数字视频设备组成的本地网管局域网 LAN, PC表示网管计算机， 虚线表示 DS - 3链路。
所有的本地网管局域网 LAN通过适配器互联。
图 7中， 三个分节点分别通过适配器 203、 303、 403和中心节点的 适配器 103、 503、 603 连接。 每个适配器具有两个接口， 对应两个 IP 地址。 适配器 103: 10.14,3,254/11.1.1.1;
适配器 203: 12.1 1 1/11 1 1.2;
适配器 303: 13.1 1 ,1/11 1 1.3;
适配器 403: 14.1 1 ,1/11 1 1.4;
适配器 503: 10.14.1.2/11.1.1.5;
适配器 603: 10.14.1.3/11.1.1.6;
103 路由表 203 路 ώ表
12.1. L 1
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11. 1. 1.3 0.0.0, 0 0.0.0.0 11.1, 1.5
10. .0.0 255.255.252.0 10. 14.3.25 11.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 11. 1. 1.2
11. 1.0.0 255.255.0.0 11. 1. 1.1 12. 1.0.0 255.255.0.0 12.1. 1.1
303 路由表 403 路 ώ表
13. 1. 1. I Μ. I.1. 1
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11. I. 1.1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11, 1. 1.6
11.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 11. I. 1.3 11.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 11. I.
13.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 13. I. 1. 1 1'1 1.0.0 255.255.0.0 1Ί. 1. I. I 图 8显示了一个环型组网方案， 其中中心节点和三个环形节点依次 连接， 其适配器 103、 203、 303、 403的 IP地址是：
适配器 103 10.14.1.5/15.1.1.1；
适配器 203 16.1.1.1/15.1.1.2;
适配器 303 18.1.1.1/15.1.13;
适配器 403 17.1.1.1/15.1.1.4;
详细路由表 ^下： 103路由表 203路由表
10. 4.1.5 16.1.1.1
0.0, 0.0 0.0' 0.0 15. i.1.2 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 15.1.1.3
10.14.0.0 255.255.252.0 10.14.1.5 15.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 15.1.1.2
15.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 15.1.1.1 16.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 16.1.1. !
303路由表 403路由表
18. 1.1.1 17. I. 1.1
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 15. I.1.3 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 15. I.1.1
15. 1.0.0 255.255.0.0 15.1.1.4 15. I.0.0 255.255.0.0 15.1.1.4
18. 1.0.0 255.255.0.0 18. I. I.1 17.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 17.1. 1. I
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡 在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均 应包含在本发明的权利要求范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特征在于： 在原有 的适配器远程接口上模拟出一个网管 IP用的广域网接口，在这个新增的 广域网接口和原有的以太网接口之间增加网管 IP数据转发功能，把网管 IP数据转换成和业务数据相同的传输流分组 TSP, 与业务数据共通道传 输。
2、 根据权利要求 1 的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 在 IP数据和传输流 TS之间设置一个特定的能向两端相互转换 的网络字节顺序封装适配层， 通过这个适配层完成 IP数据和传输流 TS 的双向转换。
3、根据权利要求 2的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法，其特征 在于：对 IP数据的转换的协议栈具体选择用 IP/类 AAL5/TS表述的协议 栈。
4、 根据权利要求 3 的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 先对 IP数据进行类 AAL5封装， 对于封装好的类 AAL5数据 报再进行 TS整数分片。
5、 根据权利要求 4的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 在进行类 AAL5封装时， 封装后数据报的字节数为传输流分组 TSP有效载荷 184字节的整数倍。
6、 根据权利要求 4 的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 在进行 TS分片时， 应在传输流分组 TSP的头部格式中设置区 别于其他业务数据的标识。
7、 根据权利要求 6 的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 在 TSP头部格式中至少包含以下信息： A、 网管 IP数据特定的 PID标识；
B、 网管 IP数据优先权标识；
C、 网管 IP数据起始标识。
8、 根据权利要求 Ί 的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 在业务数据接收端设置网管 PID过滤器， 识别 PID为网管 PID 的传输流分组 TSP,对之持续接收并计数，如果接收到的网管 IP的传输 流分组 TSP的数量不大于规定值， 视为接收正确； 否则丟弃本次接收到 的所有传输流分组 TSP, 重新开始计数。
9、 才 据权利要求 7 的数字视频系统的远程集中式管理方法， 其特 征在于： 在接收正确时， 先将传输流分组 TSP载荷中的数据拼装起来， 交给类 AAL5适配处理成 IP数据， 检验正确后交给 IP协议处理。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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