WO2003012354A1 - Method for producing a board from solid wood - Google Patents

Method for producing a board from solid wood Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003012354A1
WO2003012354A1 PCT/EP2002/007304 EP0207304W WO03012354A1 WO 2003012354 A1 WO2003012354 A1 WO 2003012354A1 EP 0207304 W EP0207304 W EP 0207304W WO 03012354 A1 WO03012354 A1 WO 03012354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boards
board
wood
drying
grinding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/007304
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Torben Hansen
Original Assignee
Schotten & Hansen Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schotten & Hansen Gmbh filed Critical Schotten & Hansen Gmbh
Priority to EP02760217A priority Critical patent/EP1412685B1/en
Priority to DE50208155T priority patent/DE50208155D1/en
Publication of WO2003012354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003012354A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/003Mechanical surface treatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16Wood, e.g. lumber, timber

Definitions

  • Boards made of solid wood are often used in construction technology, for example for wall cladding or for floors. It is always the goal to give the respective wooden surface a "natural" look.
  • wooden boards are made for such purposes so that the wood is freshly chipped, i.e. H. "wet" condition with a water content of about 60% is sawn into boards. These boards are then air dried. During this drying process, the boards warp relatively strongly, so that they then have to be planed flat. Since the boards become very uneven during the drying process in air, about 60% to 70% of the board thickness of the wood is lost in the subsequent planing process. The planed wood has a flat surface, so such a board is easily recognizable as a freshly made board. In many cases, however, it is desirable to use boards whose surface. resembles a wooden board that has aged for years. Such aged wooden boards have a slightly uneven surface due to temperature fluctuations, mechanical wear and the effects of moisture due to wet wiping, the unevenness of which can be seen by the eye.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing boards from solid wood, in which little wood material is lost and in particular the surface of the wood at the end of the
  • Manufacturing process has slight bumps that correspond to the wood structure and therefore give the board an appearance like an "aged" wooden board.
  • the wooden boards are sawn freshly sawn, ie in the "wet" state, dried in a drying chamber, whereby they are held in a forced position by pressing, so that they cannot warp in air as when drying, but are kept flat become.
  • the pressing is preferably carried out on the entire board surface which is to become the visible surface and is between 50 kPa and 110 kPa (approx. 0.5 kp / cm 2 to 1 kp / cm 2 ). Drying takes place at a temperature between 60 ° C and 95 ° C, preferably at 80 ° C to 90 ° C and for about 20 hours. During this drying process, the wooden board does not remain completely flat despite the pressing.
  • this structure corresponds to a wooden board that makes an "aged" impression. According to the invention, this structure is obtained by not, as is customary, planing the boards smoothly after the drying process, but the structure of these slight unevenness is maintained by grinding the board according to the invention with a soft plate to remove the rough spots to smooth out.
  • the wood is preferably sanded with two counter-rotating sanding pads. If sanding in one direction with just one sanding disc, short fiber ends of the wood can still remain because they are brushed in one direction. If a further grinding takes place in the opposite direction, these fiber residues are also removed.
  • the surface of the boards is processed by milling in order to eliminate the sawing marks.
  • a planing machine is used to remove the saw marks, in which the board is carried out under a planing roller with, for example, four knives. Each of these knives exerts a certain pressure when struck on the wood, by which the board is slightly compressed at this point. If the wood gets wet again later and can then swell, these pressure points open again and the wood accordingly becomes slightly wavy. Because of its regularity, this ripple does not correspond to a natural impression of an aged wooden board. If, according to this embodiment of the invention, the wooden board is not planed but machined with a milling cutter, there are no such pressure points and thus there is also no risk of the wooden board being wavy.
  • the wooden boards are stacked on top of one another, a heating plate being placed between each two adjacent wooden boards.
  • This stack is located in a housing that is open at the top but otherwise closed on all sides.
  • the stack formed in this way is compressed by mechanical pressure and the space in which the stack is located is evacuated to a pressure between 50 and 150 mbar. Since there is a heating plate between the successive boards, which cannot warp during the drying process, each board lies between two flat plates, so that there can be no major distortions within the board during the drying process.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a board that has a surface that is similar to that of an aged board. The inventive method is characterized by drying the board in a drying chamber at a temperature of from 60 °C to 95 °C immediately after the board has been sawed, the surface of the board being pressed at a pressure of from 50 kPa to 110 kPa. Once the surface of the wood that is chosen to be the visible surface has dried, it is sanded with a flexible sanding tool.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Brettes aus Massivholz Method of making a solid wood board
In der Bautechnik werden vielfach Bretter aus Massivholz verwendet, beispielsweise für Wandverkleidungen oder auch für Fußböden. Es ist dabei immer das Ziel, der jeweiligen Holzoberfläche ein "natürliches" Aussehen zu geben.Boards made of solid wood are often used in construction technology, for example for wall cladding or for floors. It is always the goal to give the respective wooden surface a "natural" look.
Üblicherweise werden Holzbretter für solche Zwecke so hergestellt, dass das Holz im schlagfrischen, d. h. "nassen" Zustand mit einem Wassergehalt von etwa 60 % in Bretter zersägt wird. Diese Bretter werden dann luftgetrocknet. Bei diesem Trocknungsvorgang verziehen sich die Bretter relativ stark, so dass sie anschließend plan gehobelt werden müssen. Da bei dem Trocknungsvorgang an Luft die Bretter sehr uneben werden, gehen bei dem anschließenden Hobelvorgang etwa 60 % bis 70 % der Plattenstärke des Holzes verloren. Das gehobelte Holz hat eine ebene Oberfläche, ein solches Brett ist daher leicht als ein frisch hergestelltes Brett erkennbar. Vielfach ist es aber wünschenswert, Bretter zu verwenden, deren Oberfläche . einem über Jahre gealterten Holzbrett gleicht. Solche gealterten Holzbretter haben aufgrund von Temperaturschwankungen, mechanischen Abnutzungen und Feuchtigkeitseinflüssen durch nasses Abwischen eine leicht unebene Oberfläche, deren Unebenheiten mit dem Auge zu erkennen sind.Usually, wooden boards are made for such purposes so that the wood is freshly chipped, i.e. H. "wet" condition with a water content of about 60% is sawn into boards. These boards are then air dried. During this drying process, the boards warp relatively strongly, so that they then have to be planed flat. Since the boards become very uneven during the drying process in air, about 60% to 70% of the board thickness of the wood is lost in the subsequent planing process. The planed wood has a flat surface, so such a board is easily recognizable as a freshly made board. In many cases, however, it is desirable to use boards whose surface. resembles a wooden board that has aged for years. Such aged wooden boards have a slightly uneven surface due to temperature fluctuations, mechanical wear and the effects of moisture due to wet wiping, the unevenness of which can be seen by the eye.
Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Brettern aus Massivholz anzugeben, bei dem wenig Holzmaterial verloren geht und insbesondere die Oberfläche des Holzes am Ende desThe aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing boards from solid wood, in which little wood material is lost and in particular the surface of the wood at the end of the
Herstellungsvorganges leichte Unebenheiten besitzt, die der Holzstruktur entsprechen und die dem Brett daher ein Aussehen wie bei einem "gealtertem" Holzbrett geben.Manufacturing process has slight bumps that correspond to the wood structure and therefore give the board an appearance like an "aged" wooden board.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren gelöst, das die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale aufweist. Weitere, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved with a method which has the features specified in claim 1. Further, advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Gemäß der Erfindung werden die Holzbretter nach dem Zersägen sägefrisch, d. h. im "nassen" Zustand, in einer Trockenkammer getrocknet, wobei sie durch Pressen in einer Zwangslage gehalten werden, so dass sie sich nicht wie bei einer Trocknung an Luft verziehen können, sondern flach gehalten werden. Das Pressen wird vorzugsweise auf die gesamte Brettoberfläche, die die Sichtfläche werden soll, ausgeübt und beträgt zwischen 50 kPa und 110 kPa (ca. 0,5 kp/cm2 bis 1 kp/cm2 ) . Die Trocknung erfolgt bei einer Temperatur zwischen 60°C und 95°C, vorzugsweise bei 80°C bis 90°C und über etwa 20 Stunden. Bei diesem Trocknungsvorgang bleibt das Holzbrett trotz der Pressung nicht vollständig eben. Beim Trocknungsvorgang schwindet das Holz in verschiedenen Bereichen unterschiedlich und dort, wo das Holz dichter ist, d. h. sein Wassergehalt geringer ist als an anderen Stellen, steht es hinterher etwas höher. Diese Struktur entspricht einem Holzbrett, das einen "gealterten" Eindruck macht. Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Struktur erhalten, indem nicht, wie sonst üblich, die Bretter nach dem Trocknungsvorgang glatt gehobelt werden, sondern die Struktur dieser leichten Unebenheiten bleibt erhalten, indem das Brett gemäß der Erfindung mit einem weichen Teller abgeschliffen wird, um die rauhen Stellen zu glätten.According to the invention, the wooden boards are sawn freshly sawn, ie in the "wet" state, dried in a drying chamber, whereby they are held in a forced position by pressing, so that they cannot warp in air as when drying, but are kept flat become. The pressing is preferably carried out on the entire board surface which is to become the visible surface and is between 50 kPa and 110 kPa (approx. 0.5 kp / cm 2 to 1 kp / cm 2 ). Drying takes place at a temperature between 60 ° C and 95 ° C, preferably at 80 ° C to 90 ° C and for about 20 hours. During this drying process, the wooden board does not remain completely flat despite the pressing. During the drying process, the wood shrinks differently in different areas and where the wood is denser, ie its water content is lower than in other places, it is slightly higher afterwards. This structure corresponds to a wooden board that makes an "aged" impression. According to the invention, this structure is obtained by not, as is customary, planing the boards smoothly after the drying process, but the structure of these slight unevenness is maintained by grinding the board according to the invention with a soft plate to remove the rough spots to smooth out.
Das Schleifen des Holzes erfolgt vorzugsweise mit zwei gegenläufigen Schleiftellern. Wird mit nur einem Schleifteller in eine Richtung geschliffen, können kurze Faserenden des Holzes noch stehen bleiben, weil sie in eine Richtung gebürstet werden. Erfolgt ein weiteres Schleifen in Gegenrichtung, werden diese Faserreste auch abgetragen.The wood is preferably sanded with two counter-rotating sanding pads. If sanding in one direction with just one sanding disc, short fiber ends of the wood can still remain because they are brushed in one direction. If a further grinding takes place in the opposite direction, these fiber residues are also removed.
Um den Eindruck eines gealterten Brettes zu erzielen, kann es weiterhin vorteilhaft sein, in die Holzoberfläche Farbe einzubringen, beispielsweise graue Farbe, wodurch das Holz dann wie gescheuert aussieht . Das Einbringen der Farbe erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Nassschleifen der Holzoberfläche, wobei dem zum Befeuchten dienenden Wasser das Farbmittel zugesetzt wird.In order to give the impression of an aged board, it can also be advantageous to add color to the wood surface, for example gray color, which causes the wood then looks like scrubbed. The application of the paint is preferably carried out by wet grinding the wood surface, the colorant being added to the water used for moistening.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird nach dem Zersägen des Baumstammes in Holzbretter die Oberfläche der Bretter durch Fräsen bearbeitet, um die Sägespuren zu beseitigen. Üblicherweise wird zum Beseitigen der Sägespuren eine Hobelmaschine verwendet, bei der das Brett unter einer Hobelwalze mit beispielsweise vier Messern durchgeführt wird. Jedes dieser Messer übt beim Aufschlagen auf das Holz einen gewissen Druck aus, durch den das Brett an dieser Stelle etwas verdichtet wird. Wird das Holz später einmal wieder nass und kann es dann quellen, gehen diese Druckstellen wieder auf und das Holz wird dementsprechend dann leicht wellig. Diese Welligkeit entspricht wegen ihrer Regelmäßigkeit aber keinem natürlichen Eindruck eines gealterten Holzbrettes. Wird gemäß dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das Holzbrett nicht gehobelt, sondern mit einer Fräse bearbeitet, entstehen keine derartigen Druckstellen und damit auch nicht die Gefahr einer solchen Welligkeit des Holzbrettes.According to a further embodiment of the invention, after sawing the tree trunk into wooden boards, the surface of the boards is processed by milling in order to eliminate the sawing marks. Usually a planing machine is used to remove the saw marks, in which the board is carried out under a planing roller with, for example, four knives. Each of these knives exerts a certain pressure when struck on the wood, by which the board is slightly compressed at this point. If the wood gets wet again later and can then swell, these pressure points open again and the wood accordingly becomes slightly wavy. Because of its regularity, this ripple does not correspond to a natural impression of an aged wooden board. If, according to this embodiment of the invention, the wooden board is not planed but machined with a milling cutter, there are no such pressure points and thus there is also no risk of the wooden board being wavy.
Zum Trocknen werden die Holzbretter aufeinander aufgestapelt, wobei zwischen zwei benachbarten Holzbrettern jeweils eine Heizplatte gelegt wird. Dieser Stapel befindet sich in einem oben offenen, aber sonst allseits geschlossenen Gehäuse. Der auf diese Weise gebildete Stapel wird durch mechanischen Druck zusammengedrückt und der Raum, in dem sich der Stapel befindet, wird auf einen Druck zwischen 50 und 150 mbar evakuiert . Da sich zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Brettern jeweils eine Heizplatte befindet, die sich bei dem Trocknungsvorgang nicht verziehen kann, liegt jedes Brett zwischen zwei ebenen Platten, so dass es beim Trocknungsvorgang zu keinen großen Verwerfungen innerhalb des Brettes kommen kann. To dry, the wooden boards are stacked on top of one another, a heating plate being placed between each two adjacent wooden boards. This stack is located in a housing that is open at the top but otherwise closed on all sides. The stack formed in this way is compressed by mechanical pressure and the space in which the stack is located is evacuated to a pressure between 50 and 150 mbar. Since there is a heating plate between the successive boards, which cannot warp during the drying process, each board lies between two flat plates, so that there can be no major distortions within the board during the drying process.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von einem oder mehreren Brettern aus Massivholz mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten a) Zersägen des Holzes im nassen Zustand in ein oder mehrere Bretter, b) Trocknen der Bretter in einer Trockenkammer, wobei die Oberflächen der Bretter gepresst werden bei einem Druck zwischen 50 kPa und 110 kPa und einer Temperatur zwischen 60°C und 95°C, vorzugsweise zwischen 80°C und 90°C, c) Schleifen der Brettoberfläche mit einem flexiblen Schleifwerkzeug.1. A process for producing one or more solid wood boards with the following process steps a) sawing the wood into one or more boards when wet, b) drying the boards in a drying chamber, the surfaces of the boards being pressed at a pressure between 50 kPa and 110 kPa and a temperature between 60 ° C and 95 ° C, preferably between 80 ° C and 90 ° C, c) grinding the board surface with a flexible grinding tool.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sichtoberfläche der Bretter nach dem Zersägen und vor dem Trocknen zur Beseitigung der Sägespuren glatt gefräst wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the visible surface of the boards is milled smooth after sawing and before drying to remove the saw marks.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schleifen mit zwei gegenläufigen Schleifscheiben ausgeführt wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grinding is carried out with two opposing grinding wheels.
4. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem Schleif organg Farbe in die Holzoberfläche eingebracht wird.4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that during the grinding process, color is introduced into the wood surface.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Einbringen der Farbe die Oberfläche des Holzes während des Schleifens mit Farbstoff enthaltendem Wasser befeuchtet wird.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that for introducing the paint, the surface of the wood is moistened with dye-containing water during sanding.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Trocknen Stapel aus den zu trocknenden Brettern gebildet werden, wobei zwischen zwei benachbarte Bretter jeweils eine Heizplatte gelegt wird, dass die so gebildeten Stapel zusammengedrückt werden, und dass während des Trocknungsvorgangs die Trockenkammer unter einem Vakuum gehalten wird. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for drying, stacks are formed from the boards to be dried, a heating plate being placed between two adjacent boards, that the stacks thus formed are pressed together, and that the drying chamber is kept under a vacuum during the drying process.
PCT/EP2002/007304 2001-07-31 2002-07-02 Method for producing a board from solid wood WO2003012354A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02760217A EP1412685B1 (en) 2001-07-31 2002-07-02 Method for producing a board from solid wood
DE50208155T DE50208155D1 (en) 2001-07-31 2002-07-02 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BOARD FROM SOLID WOOD

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10137256.6 2001-07-31
DE10137256A DE10137256A1 (en) 2001-07-31 2001-07-31 Method for production of a board from solid timber with timber while still 'wet' and cuts dried under pressure and in a vacuum in a drying chamber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003012354A1 true WO2003012354A1 (en) 2003-02-13

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PCT/EP2002/007304 WO2003012354A1 (en) 2001-07-31 2002-07-02 Method for producing a board from solid wood

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP1412685B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE339663T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10137256A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2272756T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2003012354A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1607178A2 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-21 Houtindustrie Schijndel B.V. Method for manufacturing wooden parts
FR2900859A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-16 Prodeo Soc Wood processing method for building construction, involves providing stage of thermal processing to change wood`s physicochemical structure by weighing wood and based on removal of constitution of water resulting in loss of dry mass of wood

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010015992B4 (en) * 2010-03-16 2012-04-19 Wimmer Gmbh Method for the production of wooden boards, which have a surface corresponding to the wood structure
EP2554347B1 (en) 2011-08-02 2013-10-02 Bimbo Holzwerk GmbH & Co. KG Method for manufacturing wooden elements
CN106271965B (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-06-22 嘉兴市申豪塑胶有限公司 A kind of wood skin polishing drying integral machine
CN109591122B (en) * 2017-12-29 2021-09-03 南京林业大学 Method for vacuum compression and densification of wood material

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2387595A (en) * 1943-08-02 1945-10-23 Brunswick Balke Collender Co Method and apparatus for drying lumber
US3756295A (en) * 1972-06-05 1973-09-04 Timbercraft Inc Device for simulating a hand hewn surface
US3986268A (en) * 1973-09-17 1976-10-19 Drywood Corporation Process and apparatus for seasoning wood

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2387595A (en) * 1943-08-02 1945-10-23 Brunswick Balke Collender Co Method and apparatus for drying lumber
US3756295A (en) * 1972-06-05 1973-09-04 Timbercraft Inc Device for simulating a hand hewn surface
US3986268A (en) * 1973-09-17 1976-10-19 Drywood Corporation Process and apparatus for seasoning wood

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1607178A2 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-21 Houtindustrie Schijndel B.V. Method for manufacturing wooden parts
EP1607178A3 (en) * 2004-06-10 2009-03-18 Houtindustrie Schijndel B.V. Method for manufacturing wooden parts
FR2900859A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-16 Prodeo Soc Wood processing method for building construction, involves providing stage of thermal processing to change wood`s physicochemical structure by weighing wood and based on removal of constitution of water resulting in loss of dry mass of wood

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50208155D1 (en) 2006-10-26
ATE339663T1 (en) 2006-10-15
EP1412685B1 (en) 2006-09-13
EP1412685A1 (en) 2004-04-28
DE10137256A1 (en) 2003-02-13
ES2272756T3 (en) 2007-05-01

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