WO2003010930A1 - Procede de routage de paquets a longueur variable transportes dans des cellules atm - Google Patents
Procede de routage de paquets a longueur variable transportes dans des cellules atm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003010930A1 WO2003010930A1 PCT/FR2002/002227 FR0202227W WO03010930A1 WO 2003010930 A1 WO2003010930 A1 WO 2003010930A1 FR 0202227 W FR0202227 W FR 0202227W WO 03010930 A1 WO03010930 A1 WO 03010930A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aal2
- virtual
- level
- atm
- packet
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/30—Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
- H04L49/3081—ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
- H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
- H04Q11/0478—Provisions for broadband connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5652—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly
- H04L2012/5653—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly using the ATM adaptation layer [AAL]
- H04L2012/5656—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly using the ATM adaptation layer [AAL] using the AAL2
Definitions
- Variable-length packet routing method called packets of level AAL2, transported in ATM cells
- the present invention relates to a method for routing variable length packets, known as AAL2 level packets, transported in ATM cells, each ATM cell belonging to an ATM level virtual path and to an ATM level virtual circuit included in said virtual path. and each package belonging to a
- UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
- the present invention can find application in RNC mobile network controller architectures and in so-called node B base stations of a network. UTRAN access.
- other fields of application can also be envisaged when they involve packets of the AAL2 type.
- AAL2 transport protocol The principles governing the so-called AAL2 transport protocol described in the three recommendations of IUT 1363.2, 1366.1 and 1366.2 are recalled below.
- This transport protocol was defined to circumvent the problem of the assembly time of an ATM cell which becomes critical for low bit rates. Indeed, at 16 kbit / s, this assembly time is 24 ms for a complete filling of the ATM cell.
- the solution which has been adopted consists in multiplexing the flows of several communications in the same ATM channel by using a structuring of the information in packets, called in this description packets AAL2, but which can also be called minicells or also CPS packets.
- This mode of transport constitutes the lower part of the protocol called CPS (Common Part Sublayer).
- the essential adaptation functions are located above the CPS sublayer in sublayers called SSCS (Service Specifies Convergence Sublayer).
- SSCS Service Specifies Convergence Sublayer
- the first, the SSCS segmentation sublayer is described in ITU Recommendation 1.366.1 and is intended for the transport of data units with a large number of bytes.
- the second, the SSCS real-time trunking sublayer is described in ITU Recommendation 1.366.2.
- the format of the AAL2 packets of the CPS layer of the AAL2 protocol as specified in recommendation 1.363.2. of the IUT is such that the AAL2 packets have a H CPS header of three bytes and a useful part P_CPS of variable length containing the user information. By default, this length is limited to 45 bytes.
- the H_CPS header consists inter alia of a CID connection identification field which makes it possible to identify the AAL2 connection carried by the corresponding packet.
- AAL2 packets are generally transmitted transported by ATM cells.
- the AAL2 packets have any length. They are generally not framed in the ATM cells transporting them. The overlapping technique ensures filling in these cells.
- a packet whose start is stored at the end of a cell (n) can overflow onto the next cell (n + 1).
- two ATM cells C1 and C2 which contain an AAL2 packet denoted MC.
- the first byte following the Hl header of cell Cl is called “start field”, or “Start Field” (abbreviated STF) and essentially contains a 6-bit pointer also called “shifted field” (abbreviated OSF) which codes the number of bytes separating this field from the next CPS packet (here the MC packet) or, in the case general, of the next empty field.
- STF Start Field
- OSF shifted field
- a null value indicates that the AAL2 packet immediately follows the STF byte.
- the maximum value carried by the OSF pointer is 47, which indicates that the ATM cell contains no data.
- the management of this pointer enables any number of packets to be transported securely in successive ATM cells of the same virtual circuit.
- the performance of the links measured in terms of filling rate is thus optimal.
- a sequence number (SN) bit and a parity bit also constitute the STF byte.
- a routing method according to the invention is characterized in that it consists in routing each packet according to its belonging to a virtual path of level AAL2 included in the virtual circuit of the ATM cells which transport them and including a group of virtual connections.
- each ATM cell which carries an AAL2 level packet comprising an STF pointer pointing to said AAL2 level packet, characterized in that said AAL2 level virtual path to which a packet belongs is identified by an identifier of PID virtual path present in a CPID field of the ATM cell which contains the STF pointer to said AAL2 packet.
- said CPID field precedes said STF pointer.
- said CPID field also contains priority information making it possible to differentiate the traffic transported in terms of quality of service.
- the present invention also relates to equipment for routing variable length packets called AAL2 level packets, transported in ATM cells, each ATM cell belonging to a virtual path and to an ATM level virtual circuit included in said virtual path and each packet level AAL2 belonging to a virtual connection. It is characterized in that it is intended to be able to brew each packet of level AAL2 according to its membership of a virtual path of level AAL2 included in the virtual circuit of the ATM cells which transport them and including a group of virtual connections.
- the term “patching” is understood to mean switching at the level of the conduit, for example virtual conduit of ATM level or virtual conduit of level AAL2, thereby excluding switches at the circuit level, in the case of ATM, or at the connection level in the case of the AAL2 level.
- this equipment consists of an ATM cell switch provided for routing said ATM cells based on the ATM level virtual path and circuit identifiers and on the AAL2 level virtual path identifier, said switch being provided for be able to translate said identifiers if necessary.
- It can also be a multiplexer / demultiplexer which, in a sense, concentrates the incoming multiplexes towards a single outgoing multiplex and performs the translations of identifiers necessary to avoid collisions of virtual paths at AAL2 level.
- this equipment translates the VCI virtual circuit identifiers of the incoming ATM cells into a single virtual circuit identifier for the outgoing ATM cells and performs the translations of the AAL2 level virtual path identifiers necessary to avoid collisions of virtual paths.
- AAL2 level the multiplexer / demultiplexer which, in a sense, concentrates the incoming multiplexes towards a single outgoing multiplex and performs the translations of identifiers necessary to avoid collisions of virtual paths at AAL2 level.
- the present invention also relates to a variable length packet telecommunications network transported in ATM cells which is characterized in that it comprises at least one item of equipment as just described.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram which illustrates the insertion into ATM cells of the AAL2 packets in accordance with the standard recalled above
- FIG. 2 is a diagram which illustrates the four levels of hierarchy resulting from the application of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a diagram which illustrates the insertion into ATM cells of AAL2 packets in accordance with the present invention
- Fig. 4 is a diagram which shows the use of equipment for mixing virtual conduits of level AAL2 according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a diagram which shows another use of equipment for mixing virtual conduits of level AAL2 according to the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a part of a network which uses patching equipment according to the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a diagram showing part of another network which uses patching equipment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 There is shown schematically in FIG. 2 the four hierarchy levels that are the ATM level virtual paths identified by VPI identifiers and the ATM level virtual circuits identified by VCI identifiers, the AAL2 level virtual paths identified by PID identifiers and the connections identified by the identifiers CID.
- an ATM VP virtual path two virtual circuits VCI and VC2 of ATM level which contain respectively two virtual paths of AAL2 level PI 1, PI 2 and P21, P22.
- Each AAL2 level virtual path contains AAL2 connections.
- an AAL2 level virtual path uniquely identified by a PID identifier carries a set of AAL2 connections which are themselves identified by CID connection identifiers.
- the PID identifier is 6 bits long so that it is possible to code up to 64 virtual paths of level AAL2.
- FIG. 3 insertion, in accordance with the present invention, of an AAL2 packet into ATM cells, in this case cells C1 and C2.
- cell C1 incorporates a CPID routing field containing a PID path identifier.
- this CPID routing field is placed in the byte immediately following the header of the ATM cell.
- this PID routing field replaces the STF byte which is then shifted so as to be on the second byte of the useful part of the cell.
- the byte of the routing field is
- the PID field which is the AAL2 level path identifier and which serves as a label for the routing of AAL2 connections; if its length is 6 bits, it allows coding up to 64 AAL2 paths in the same identified virtual circuit, in the header of the ATM cell which transports them, by a VPI virtual path identifier and a VCI virtual circuit,
- an ATM level virtual circuit cannot transport both AAL2 packets, some identified by a PID identifier and others not. Indeed, the mode of transport must be the same for all the packets of the same virtual circuit of ATM level. In contrast, the same ATM-level virtual path may contain ATM virtual circuits that use either mode of transport. Each AAL2 level virtual path identified by a PID may have its own traffic characteristics. Nevertheless, the sum of the peak PCR rates of the virtual paths of level AAL2 must not be greater than the peak peak PCR of the virtual circuit VC (of ATM level) which transports them.
- ATC ATM transfer capability
- DBR Deterministic Bit Rate
- connections are permanent so that a call-by-call signaling protocol such as that defined for the establishment of AAL2 connections (Recommendation Q.2630) does not have to be implemented.
- Updating the translation tables of the brewing equipment is carried out by the network management. Note that, in terms of performance, the effects on the AAL2 packet transfer times and any variations in these times are reduced.
- FIG. 4 equipment for mixing virtual conduits of level AAL2 comprising, for example, 5 input ports and 5 output ports referenced A to E. It will be noted that only the direction of cell transfer has been shown. left to right of the figure so that we can speak of input and output port. But, in reality, both directions of transfer are possible. Thus, in the direction from right to left of the figure, the output ports become input ports and vice versa.
- Such patching equipment essentially consists of an XATM switch of the type which can switch ATM cells but which, unlike a conventional ATM switch, performs this switching from an address which consists not only of the port number d input, ATM VPI and VCI level virtual path and circuit identifiers but also AAL2 PID level virtual path identifier.
- This equipment also includes a TRAD translation table to enable it to carry out the translations of the necessary identifiers.
- this switch decodes the header of 5 bytes of each ATM cell present on one of its inputs but also the first byte of the useful part of this cell, where the CPID field containing the PID identifier of AAL2 level virtual path is located.
- FIG. 4 there is shown in dotted lines the switching channels in the XATM switch relating to the ATM virtual circuits according to the invention, that is to say whose cells include the PID patching field.
- a solid line shows a routing channel in the XATM switch for ATM cells which belong to other ATM level virtual paths and circuits and which therefore do not transport AAL2 packets or which transport AAL2 packets in accordance with the protocol. the state of the art described above.
- the translation table which is associated with the brewing equipment of FIG. 4 as it stands at any given time.
- This table should be read as follows.
- a cell which enters port A which is identified by virtual path and circuit identifiers VPI and VCI equal to 100 and 50 respectively and whose field containing the virtual path identifier of level AAL2 PID equal to 50 is switched to port D.
- VPI, VCI and PID are translated into the respective values 0, 300 and 51.
- the second line of this table shows that the XATM switch works in both directions of transfer of ATM cells. The operation of the switch for the next two lines can be extrapolated from the explanation for the first two lines.
- the last two lines concern the case of ATM cells which do not include a PID field for an AAL2 level virtual path identifier, either that they are ATM cells which do not transport AAL2 packets, or that these are ATM cells carrying AAL2 packets according to the standardized protocol.
- Brewing equipment such as that shown in FIG. 4 allows you to mix AAL2 level virtual paths with translation of the VPI, VCI and PID identifiers. It will be understood that it also allows the mixing of virtual level conduits and circuits of ATM level respectively identified by the identifiers VPI and VCI. It also allows multiplexing / demultiplexing of virtual circuits VC of ATM level. It also allows diffusion to several output ports of the cells which are present on each of its output ports.
- this patching equipment is transparent to ATM cells which do not transport AAL2 packets as well as to ATM cells which transport AAL2 packets conforming to the standardized protocol.
- AAL2 level virtual path mixers identified by PID identifiers are switching equipment which are capable of processing ATM cells comprising a CPID field. Furthermore, conventional ATM switching equipment is transparent to cell flows containing AAL2 packets identified by a PID identifier.
- XPID brewing equipment which is, for example, made up like that shown in FIG. 4. It then includes an ATM switch and a TRAD translation table.
- Three types of terminal equipment are connected to this XPID patching equipment: the first El, connected to its input el, manages ATM VC0 channels for transporting packets AAL2 in accordance with the standard; the second E2, connected to its input e2, manages ATM VC0 packet transport channels AAL2 in accordance with the present invention (the virtual path identifier of level AAL2 takes in this case the value PIDO); the third E3, connected to its input e3, is mixed, that is to say that certain virtual circuits, in this case VCI, transport AAL2 packets in accordance with the standard and certain others, in this case VC2, transport AAL2 packets in accordance with the present invention, the AAL2 level virtual path identifier then also taking the value PIDO.
- the first VCI corresponding to the virtual circuit VCI of the equipment E3 the second VC2 resulting from the fusion of the virtual circuits VC0 emitted by the equipment E2 and VC2 emitted by the E3 equipment and the third VC3 corresponding to the virtual circuits VC0 emitted by the equipment El.
- the translation table could therefore be as follows:
- Equipment such as that shown in FIG. 4 can also be used as a multiplexer / demultiplexer for ATM-level virtual circuits.
- the multiplexer direction it would for example have n inputs and 1 output to which the cells present on the n inputs would be routed.
- provision would be made for the translation of the identifiers of the input virtual circuits VCI (possibly VPI) into that of the virtual fusion circuit as well as that possibly of the identifiers of virtual paths of level AAL2.
- the translation table would be of the type given above as an example. Only one direction of cell transfer is shown in this table.
- PID 49 at port of entry E which has been translated to the value 60, only here for administrative convenience.
- This concentration of ATM multiplexes supporting AAL2 traffic makes it possible to gain bandwidth by merging several virtual circuits VC into a single virtual circuit VC.
- the bandwidth reserved on the outgoing multiplex may be less than the sum of the bandwidths reserved on the N incoming multiplexes.
- This possible gain is possible because packet data flows, cases ATM flows are generally sporadic (they are not perfectly determined, for example in circuit mode). Indeed, there are time intervals during which cell traffic is very low, or even zero, for variable and unpredictable durations. This is particularly the case for data but it is also partly true for the transport of compressed voice traffic of AMR type for which the silence times are the subject of very low traffic.
- the network is sized and an optimal CAC connection admission control algorithm is chosen so that the QoS qualities of service are adapted to the requirements of the flows.
- the implementation of scheduling and priority mechanisms makes it possible to differentiate between sensitive data in terms of time and those which are sensitive in terms of loss, which also makes it possible to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above.
- This statistical gain which is made at the ATM level, can be supplemented by a filling gain at the AAL2 level.
- An AAL2 packet switch extracts the AAL2 packets from the ATM cells present on the incoming multiplexes and then inserts them again into ATM cells which it transmits on the outgoing multiplex, thereby ensuring that a maximum of bytes of stuffing are replaced by useful bytes.
- Such a statistical multiplexing technique could use AAL2 packet switches, in particular for a gain in filling at the AAL2 level. It would then require the implementation of a standardized signaling protocol which is penalizing in terms of delays, in particular of establishment and release of AAL2 connections. It would also require the implementation of CAC admission control algorithms.
- the processing of the CPS layers on reception (extraction of AAL2 packets) and on transmission (insertion of AAL2 packets) which would also be necessary and AAL2 switching are complex operations which modify the transfer times and can cause dispersions of these times at the level AAL2 connections. Last but not least, there are risks of connection collisions (use of the same CID connection identifier for different connections). This can for example be the case when two connections respectively originally present on two incoming multiplexes of the multiplexers carry identical CID connection identifiers and are found together on the same outgoing multiplex.
- the number of AAL2 connections on the concentration port must be distributed among all the incoming multiplexes. It will be recalled that this number is limited to 248 per virtual circuit VC.
- a virtual duct mixer according to the invention makes it possible to solve the problems which are mentioned above.
- the problems of connection collisions are resolved since these connections belong to virtual paths of level AAL2 which can be easily distinguished by their identifiers of virtual paths of level AAL2. This can be seen in particular in FIG. 5 where these identifiers have become, on the outgoing multiplex, after translation in the XPID, PID1 and PID2 mixing equipment. They were identical and equal to PID on the incoming multiplexes.
- ATM are not changed so that the delays and jitters at AAL2 level are less important than by the use of AAL2 packet switching.
- connections are semi-permanent so that they can be managed by administration.
- the multiplexing with fusion of virtual circuits VC can only be carried out on AAL2 transport cells comprising a CPID field.
- the other AAL2 packet transport cells without a CPID field therefore those which conform to the standardized protocol, only pass through, without processing, the patching equipment used.
- the gain is only realized at the ATM level.
- ATC ATM Transfer Capability
- UBR and SBR traffic make it possible to obtain concentration rates higher than those obtained with traffic of the DBR type
- scheduling and priority mechanisms implementation of the bit Pr of the CPID field.
- Fig. 6 a part of a network which is essentially constituted by XPID cross-connection equipment for virtual conduits of level AAL2 in accordance with the present invention, a packet switch XAAL2 and an ET_AAL2 AAL2 termination equipment which could be, for example, an AAL2 packet switch or an AAL2 packet processing terminal.
- VC followed by a number N means that the virtual circuit ATM has as identifier the number N; in parentheses, the identification of the packets transported by the virtual circuit is given.
- PID followed by a number M means that the packets transported belong to an AAL2 level path identifier whose value is the number M; aal2 means that the packets transported are AAL2 packets identified by their CID connection identifiers, the latter being able to belong to a virtual path of level AAL2 (in this case, the mention PID is made) or not (no mention of PID); aal5 means that the packets transported are packets of type AAL5 (ATM Adaptation Layer level 5), the latter necessarily not comprising a PID virtual path identifier.
- ATM Adaptation Layer level 5 ATM Adaptation Layer level 5
- the two virtual packet transport circuits AAL2 in accordance with the standard whose identifiers have been translated so that they are now the virtual circuits VC10 and VC20.
- the virtual packet transport circuits AAL2 according to the invention they are found in a single virtual circuit VC30. There is therefore concentration with possible statistical gain in bandwidth.
- the AAL2 level virtual path identifiers have been translated into PID1 and PID2 to avoid possible connection collisions.
- the XAAL2 switch receives the three virtual circuits and directs them to two output multiplexes, one receiving the VC10 virtual circuit without translation, the other receiving the virtual circuit VC20 and the virtual circuit VC30. Note that to do this, the switch XAAL2 does not process at the level AAL2 the cells of the virtual circuit VC30. It cannot, moreover, because these cells are not normalized: in particular the STF byte is not housed in the normalized location. As for the equipment ET_AAL2, it receives on its single input multiplex the virtual circuits VC20 and VC30 which it processes.
- the virtual circuit VC20 is processed at the level AAL2 and the virtual circuit VC30 is first processed at the virtual path level at the level AAL2 using the identifiers PID1 and PID2 and translating the virtual circuit identifier accordingly.
- the cells carrying the identifier PID1 are located in the virtual circuit VC40 while the cells carrying the identifier PID2 are located in the virtual circuit VC50 routed to two different physical links.
- these cells of the virtual circuits VC40 and VC50 are processed at the AAL2 level.
- a network for example an access network for UMTS type mobiles.
- This part of the network includes nodes (also called Node B) NI to N4 to which mobiles can connect.
- these nodes are base stations of an access network for mobiles.
- the first NI node is intended to deliver a VCO virtual circuit transporting AAL2 packets according to the invention, that is to say by means of ATM cells comprising a PID identifier of AAL2 level virtual path.
- PID1 and PID2 are provided for the transport of all the connections.
- the second node N2 is also provided for delivering a VCO virtual circuit transporting AAL2 packets in accordance with the invention, that is to say by means of ATM cells comprising a PID identifier of AAL2 level virtual path. There, only one PIDO identifier is provided.
- the third node N3 is also provided for delivering a virtual circuit VCO transporting AAL2 packets in accordance with the invention with a single PIDO identifier. In addition, it is also intended to deliver a virtual circuit VCI for transporting packets AAL5. Finally, the fourth node N4 is provided for delivering a VCO packet transport virtual circuit AAL2 in accordance with the standard, that is to say without a PID identifier.
- the network part of FIG. 7 also includes XPID patching equipment receiving the virtual circuits from the nodes NI to N4 and routing them to its single output multiplex. This equipment also performs the translation of virtual circuit identifiers and virtual path identifiers in accordance with the following table:
- RNC network controller in fact consisting of an AAL2 packet switch which receives on its single input multiplex the virtual circuits VCIO, VC20, VC30 and VC40 delivered by the ATM brewer Bl. It comprises three output multiplexes for virtual circuits VCI and VC2, VCIO and VC20.
- An ATM type B2 cross-connect is also provided in this part of the network.
- the XPID patching equipment makes it possible in particular to carry out the physical multiplexing of lub links with the possibility of statistical gains. It is thus possible to use a limited number of virtual circuits of ATM level in the ATM transport network.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20020753120 EP1425886A1 (fr) | 2001-07-24 | 2002-06-27 | Procede de routage de paquets a longueur variable transportes dans des cellules atm |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0109965A FR2828782B1 (fr) | 2001-07-24 | 2001-07-24 | Procede de routage de paquets a longueur variable, dits paquets de niveau aal2, transportes dans des cellules atm |
FR01/09965 | 2001-07-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003010930A1 true WO2003010930A1 (fr) | 2003-02-06 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2002/002227 WO2003010930A1 (fr) | 2001-07-24 | 2002-06-27 | Procede de routage de paquets a longueur variable transportes dans des cellules atm |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1425886A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2828782B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003010930A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000030304A1 (fr) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Dispositif et procede de traitement aal2 pour reseau atm |
WO2000048424A1 (fr) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-17 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Identificateur de connexion aal2 etendu |
-
2001
- 2001-07-24 FR FR0109965A patent/FR2828782B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-06-27 WO PCT/FR2002/002227 patent/WO2003010930A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-27 EP EP20020753120 patent/EP1425886A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000030304A1 (fr) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Dispositif et procede de traitement aal2 pour reseau atm |
WO2000048424A1 (fr) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-17 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Identificateur de connexion aal2 etendu |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2828782A1 (fr) | 2003-02-21 |
EP1425886A1 (fr) | 2004-06-09 |
FR2828782B1 (fr) | 2003-10-24 |
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