WO2003003543A1

WO2003003543A1 - A cone-shaped air gap gap-regulating generator

Info

Publication number: WO2003003543A1
Application number: PCT/CN2002/000454
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hebin Bai; Xinghua Xiao; Pingxuan Peng
Original assignee: Hebin Bai; Xinghua Xiao; Pingxuan Peng
Priority date: 2001-06-28
Filing date: 2002-06-28
Publication date: 2003-01-09
Also published as: CN2482763Y

Abstract

A cone-shaped air gap gap-regulating generator, wherein the inter-faced surfaces between the stator and the rotator are cone-shaped, possesses the function of self-regulating output voltage of the generator, with the axial displacement of the rotator which is produced by an axial force exerted on the rotator resulting in the variance of air gap. When it is used as a wind-driven generator, too much regulation force makes axial displacement exceed the set value, which will cause the turning gear to rotate the generator, so the blades turn a certain angle from front direction in order to decrease its receiving wind force and prevent damage of generator resulted from too great wind force. The self-.regulating mechanism of this invention is simple and reliable, and it could be used as a wind-driven generator or a small-sized generator group that has an unstable power supply.

Description

Field of invention

The present invention relates to a gap-regulated generator, and more particularly, to a conical air-gap gap-regulated generator having the functions of self-stabilizing voltage and protection against excessive adjustment force. Background of the invention

Among generator sets with large changes in rotational speed, wind turbines are typical. Its rotational speed varies with the wind (wind speed) at any time and irregularly. As a result, the voltage of the generator varies within a large range. The usual solution is to add a voltage stabilization circuit device at the output end of the generator. This device not only increases the cost, increases the complexity of operation, but also increases the probability of damage, which brings many problems to use and maintenance. As we all know, the permanent magnet generator is simple in structure and high in efficiency, but because of its constant excitation level, it is more difficult to adjust and the loss of the voltage stabilizer is greater. In addition, all wind turbines must be equipped with a device to protect the generator from damage caused by excessive wind. Usually, this device is a hand-crank mechanism that rotates the direction of the generator. When the wind exceeding the specified wind appears, the power will be generated manually. Shake the machine away from the wind to prevent damage to the machine. Although this kind of manual steering device can be realized by some mechanized measures, such as setting a wind speed sensor to detect the wind speed, and sending a signal after reaching the prescribed wind speed, this signal starts a rotating mechanism to turn the generator to the wind connected to the generator rotor. When the wind speed at the wind-receiving surface of the leaf drops to the specified value, it stops. Then, continue to monitor the wind speed, and when it drops below the allowable value, return the generator to its original direction. Such a device is manual, difficult to detect in a timely, time-consuming, and labor-intensive manner, and the mechanism may be damaged before the protective measures are taken without timely handling. Even the mechanized device can be operated automatically, but the device is complicated and the operation reliability is poor. Summary of the Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a gap-regulated generator, which can make the generator follow the regulation It has the function of voltage self-regulation due to the change of the force.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gap-regulated generator, whose regulating force is generated by the conversion of wind power through wind blades, and which can also protect the generator from damage during excessive wind speeds.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A type of gap-adjusting generator, where the stator and the rotor face each other with an air gap, and is characterized in that the surface facing the stator and the stator is a conical surface; an axial adjustment force is applied to the rotor to make the rotor axially Upward displacement, thereby changing the air gap between the stator and the rotor, said displacement is limited by the force opposite to the displacement direction applied by the first elastic device to the rotor.

The generator according to the present invention may further include wind blades on the rotor to constitute a wind turbine. The axial adjustment force is generated by the wind force received on the blades. The conical surfaces of the stator and the rotor are set to be caused by the adjustment force. When the rotor is axially displaced, the air gap is increased.

According to another aspect of the generator according to the present invention, a non-windward rear end surface of the rotor is provided with a clutch active coupling disc, facing the active coupling disc at a gap, and a driven coupling disc is provided. A transmission device is provided between the coupling plate and the motor base. When the axial displacement of the rotor reaches a predetermined displacement value, the master and driven coupling plates are coupled, and the rotation of the driven coupling plate drives the generator to rotate through the transmission device. (2) Two elastic devices are used for accumulating potential in the direction of restoring the original position of the generator due to the rotation of the generator.

According to the generator of the present invention, the purpose of regulating, stabilizing, and protecting the generator from excessive adjustment forces, such as the excessive wind force of a wind turbine, is destroyed by its own unique structure. Its structure is simple, sturdy and reliable, and the measures of voltage stabilization and protection are realized under one idea. The invention also provides a solution for voltage regulation of the wind-driven permanent magnet generator. The generator of the present invention is suitable not only for wind power generators, but also for small generator sets with large power changes, such as cars and tractors, where the speed change needs to be converted into axial thrust by an additional mechanism.

The generator according to the present invention adopts a unique tube single structure, which has low cost, small size, light weight, simple operation and maintenance, and self-regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a tapered air-gap adjusting type generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to the present invention. Best practice

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. This example is a wind power generator, which is an outer rotor structure. Wind blades 12 are provided on the outer circumference of the rotor 1. The wind blows from the right side in FIG. Wind blades make the rotor rotate. It should be understood that the wind generator here does not have to be an outer rotor structure, and an inner rotor structure is also possible. In the case of an inner rotor structure, the blades are not installed on the outer circumference of the rotor, but on the rotating shaft. The generator can be a permanent magnet type or an electromagnet type. The former has permanent magnet blocks on the inner cavity surface of the rotor, and the polarity of the permanent magnets alternates along the circumference. The latter uses electromagnetic poles to replace the permanent magnet blocks. Power is supplied by DC or generator output voltage after rectification and other steps. A sub winding is set in a slot on the outer circumference of the stator 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the facing surfaces of the stator and rotor with an air gap 3 facing each other are a tapered surface. The bracket 10 supports the rotor 1 on the shaft 8 through a bearing 9, and at the same time presses the spring 6 in the axial direction through a thrust bearing 5. On the first elastic device composed of the retaining ring 7, the retaining ring 7 is used to adjust the elastic force of the spring 6.

At the designed rated wind speed, the first elastic device composed of a spring 6 and the like maintains the rotor 1 at a rated position relative to the stator 2 to rotate at a rated speed. When the wind speed increases during operation, the rotor 1 is displaced to the left or rear of FIG. 1 by the bracket 10, the thrust bearing 5, and the resistance spring 6 under the axial thrust force applied to the blades, resulting in a gap between the stator and the rotor. The air gap 3 is increased, thereby reducing the main excitation magnetic flux, so that the voltage increased due to the increase of the wind speed and the increase of the rotation speed is reduced, resulting in a self-adjusting result.

When the wind weakens and the wind speed decreases, the axial thrust of the wind on the blades decreases accordingly. The rotor returns to the right in Figure 1 under the action of the spring 6, and the air gap 3 decreases, causing the main exciting magnetic flux to rise. , And then the voltage drop of the generator caused by the decrease of the generator speed can be increased.

The generator in this embodiment can be made such that the axial length of the rotor is larger than the axial length of the stator, so that in a static state, that is, when the air gap 3 is minimum, the rotor is axially displaced in the opposite direction to the direction of FIG. 1 The right direction of the rotor extends a set length from the stator. The purpose is to keep the effective length between the rotors constant when the rotors are displaced to the left.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the protection mechanism of the generator under the action of excessive wind is added without changing all the mechanisms of the first embodiment. Therefore, all the structures in the first embodiment are not described repeatedly in this example, and only the added parts are described.

On the non-windward side of the rotor 1, that is, on the rear side end surface, a driving friction plate 13 is provided, and a gap ^ from the driving friction plate 13 faces the driven friction plate 15 provided on the transmission plate 14. The drive plate 14 drives the generator base 22 around the fan support shaft 22 via a set of transmission mechanisms, and at the same time, causes the second elastic device 23 to accumulate potential against the rotation direction of the generator base 22.

The generator rotor 1 is displaced rearward under the action of increased wind force, which has been described in the first embodiment. Under the structure of the second embodiment, the gap is gradually reduced as the displacement occurs. When the clearance is reduced to zero, the master and driven friction discs 13 and 15 are in contact, and the transmission disc 14 is driven to rotate by the rotor 1. When the transmission disk 14 fails to rotate, it is suspended on the shaft 8 under the action of the spring 16 and the pressure plate 17. When the transmission disk 14 rotates, the wire rope 18 wound around it is wound, and the wire rope 18 passes through the fixed pulley 19 It is connected to the base 20 of the tail wing 24. This movement is transmitted to the generator base 22 through the winding of the steel wire rope 18, so that the generator base 22 is rotated around the shaft 21 of the fan base 20. This time Rotate the axis of the generator, that is, the axis of the shaft 8 and the axis of the fan tail 24 shown in FIG. 1 from an in-line position to an angled position, so that the blades 12 on the rotor 1 change from an upwind direction to an angle For example, close to a right angle, this weakens the axial adjustment force applied to the rotor 1. The wind blade 12 rotates until it is balanced with the reverse force of the second elastic device 23 and the rotor is stopped, thereby generating the effect of protecting the generator from being damaged by excessive wind force.

Once the wind weakens, due to the release of the stored energy of the second elastic device 23, the generator base 22 returns correspondingly to the windward direction, and the generator resumes operation under the condition that the master and driven friction plates 13, 15 are disengaged.

The steel wire rope 18, the fixed pulley 19, and the like described in this embodiment constitute the transmission device of the transmission plate 14. This transmission device may be any kind of mechanical transmission device, such as various gears, sprocket wheels, pulleys, etc., and combinations thereof. The first and second elastic means in the above two embodiments may be any kind of elastic energy storage means composed of springs or other elastic elements, which accumulate energy with deformation, and restore deformation when the force disappears or decreases. Since they are well known, they will not be described in detail in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment. Also, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those of the second embodiment, and the functions are not described repeatedly, but only the modified parts are described. In this example, the driven friction disk 15 in the second embodiment is replaced by a driven friction wheel 151, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the driving shaft 141 replacing the driving disk 14. The axis of the transmission shaft 141 is perpendicular to the axis of the active friction plate 13. A reel 25 with a wire rope 18 coaxial with the shaft 141 is fixed to the base 20 of the tail wing 24, which is the same as the second example. The transmission method of this example makes the steering ratio of the generator in the second embodiment. Fast.

In the second and third embodiments, in order to prevent the generator from exceeding the optimal position during the return of the generator to the original windward position under the action of the second elastic device 23, that is, the generator axis is in the longitudinal plane of the rear wing, it may be in the rear wing frame 20 The upper limit device 26 is provided, which can be clearly seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and will not be explained further. The present invention is illustrated by the embodiments, but should not be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make modifications and changes according to this, and these modifications and changes are also within the concept of the present invention.

Claims

Rights request

1. A tapered air-gap adjusting type generator, wherein the air gaps between the stator and the rotor face each other, and are characterized in that: the surfaces of the rotor and the stator facing each other are rounded surfaces; an axial adjustment force is applied The rotor can be displaced on the rotor in the axial direction of the motor, thereby changing the air gap between the stator and the rotor. The displacement is limited by the force applied by the first elastic device to the rotor in the opposite direction to the displacement.

2. The tapered air-gap adjusting type generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axial length of the rotor is greater than the axial length of the stator, and when the air gap between the rotor and the rotor is the smallest The axial length of the rotor protrudes from the axial length of the stator in a direction opposite to the displacement by a set length.

3. The conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: an air blade is provided on the rotor; and the axial adjustment force is borne by the air blade. Wind force is generated; the conical surface between the stator and the rotor is set so that the air gap increases when the rotor is axially displaced by the adjustment force.

4. The conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: an active coupling of a clutch is provided on a rear end surface of the rotor with respect to an action direction of an adjustment force. A driven coupling disc is arranged facing the driving coupling disc at a gap, and a transmission device is arranged between the driven coupling disc and the motor base; when the axial displacement of the rotor reaches a prescribed displacement value The main and driven coupling discs are coupled, so that the driven coupling discs drive the generator to rotate through the transmission device; a second elastic device is further provided for returning to the original position of the generator due to the rotation of the generator. Get ready.

5. The conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rear end surface of the rotor with respect to the action direction of the adjustment force is provided with an active coupling of a clutch A driven disc, a driven coupling disc is provided at a gap from the active coupling disc, and a transmission is provided between the driven coupled disc and the motor base When the axial displacement of the rotor reaches a predetermined displacement value, the main and driven coupling discs are coupled, so that the driven coupling discs drive the generator to rotate through the transmission device; and a second elastic device is further provided for Due to the rotation of the generator, a momentum is stored in a direction to restore the original position of the generator.

6. The conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: the main and driven coupling discs of the clutch are friction discs, and the gap is generated when the gap between the two friction discs is zero. Coupling effect.

7. The tapered air-gap adjusting type generator according to claim 6, wherein: the main and driven friction disks of the clutch are two coaxial disks.

The conical air-gap adjusting type generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: the axis of the driven friction disc of the clutch is perpendicular to the axis of the active friction disc.