WO2003003052A1 - Perfectionnements aux techniques de pointe de surface - Google Patents
Perfectionnements aux techniques de pointe de surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003003052A1 WO2003003052A1 PCT/FR2002/002278 FR0202278W WO03003052A1 WO 2003003052 A1 WO2003003052 A1 WO 2003003052A1 FR 0202278 W FR0202278 W FR 0202278W WO 03003052 A1 WO03003052 A1 WO 03003052A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dimensions
- point
- propagation
- dimension
- points
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/32—Transforming one recording into another or one representation into another
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/67—Wave propagation modeling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements in surface pointing techniques used in seismic processing.
- the geophysicist uses the techniques of "seismic reflection". These consist of emitting acoustic signals on the surface of the ground and recording them after their successive reflections at the limits of the geological layers. These layers constitute the basement which we seek to create a geometric model.
- 3D acquisition This consists of distributing transmitters and receivers in a horizontal surface plane along a grid of coordinates X, Y.
- Such a three-dimensional acquisition makes it possible to obtain a volume whose dimensions are two geometric axes X, Y and a time axis or acquisition depth Z. Besides these three spatial dimensions (X, Y and vertical axis Z), of course other quantities are of interest to the physicist, and in particular:
- the type of seismic waves can simultaneously record compression waves (P waves) and shear waves (S waves); the relationship between the arrival times of these two types of waves is a direct link with the nature of the medium in which the waves propagate.
- P waves compression waves
- S waves shear waves
- Time or depth migration consists in moving the points of the acquisition volume taking into account a speed field.
- the speed used in this process can be disturbed and constitute an additional dimension of analysis.
- the Applicant has proposed an approach consisting in regularly distributing the disturbance factors on a speed model, and being interested for a position X, Y, at the value of the sample associated with the same reflector in each of the migrated cubes.
- Document WO 99/67660 describes a method for monitoring changes in the subsoil. This method consists in determining a displacement field making it possible to pass from a sampled volume of seismic data measured at a time T 0 to a field of seismic data measured at a later time T. The displacement field thus determined is applied to the first seismic volume so as to obtain an image of the subsoil.
- the information that can be drawn from such a mode of interpretation is necessarily limited.
- the invention proposes an effective and original contribution to the resolution of this problem.
- a technique conventionally used for the analysis of 3D seismic volumes is that of the surface pointing, an example of which is given in patent FR 2 657 695.
- This document relates to a method of surface pointing in a three-dimensional volume according to which a volume representing the values of a parameter sampled in a two-dimensional image using a Peano-Hilbert curve and an automatic pointing program is applied to the 2D image obtained.
- a difficulty is that the nature and shape of the reflector to be interpreted can change from one volume to another along the dimension that constitutes said quantity.
- mapping sample The consistency between the different 3D volumes is not necessarily included in the mapping sample, which leads to problems of choice as to the events interpreted by the geophysicist. This can cause discontinuities and aberrations in the pointing of the surface.
- the invention overcomes these shortcomings.
- the tool it offers makes it possible to validate the consistency of the analyzes carried out in relation to the geophysical laws on which the quantities that are taken into account depend.
- a method of processing seismic data is proposed, according to claim 1.
- a pointing and / or a pointing propagation is implemented on at least one subset of this data which corresponds to a collection of these sampled data.
- the magnitude or quantities which correspond to the other dimension (s) then being of fixed values, then a projection law is applied to at least one of the points highlighted by this dot and / or this propagation of dots given in order to determine a point which corresponds to it in another subset corresponding to a collection of data sampled according to the same dimensions, for a value different from at least one quantity which corresponds to at least one other dimension.
- projection law is meant a law intended to connect the points of one of the subsets to those of another, this law being a function of the modifications that are made to the quantity or quantities corresponding to dimensions other than those in which said subsets are represented.
- a pointing propagation is implemented from at least one point projected into such another sub-assembly.
- a succession of alternating dots propagations and projections is implemented.
- an inverse projection law is applied to at least one of the points determined by point propagation in such another subset in order to determine a point which corresponds to it in at least one subset from which we have implemented a projection.
- a map of the points pointed and / or projected and / or determined by propagation of points is displayed in the different subsets considered.
- a quantity which is varied to define another dimension is advantageously a source / receiver offset and / or an angle of incidence and / or an acquisition time and / or a type of seismic waves and / or a speed migration and / or a parameter taking into account at least one of these parameters.
- the number of dimensions taken into account is greater than four.
- the invention also relates to a method of cartographic determination on seismic data, characterized in that the aforementioned method is implemented to determine a cartography according to at least four dimensions.
- a neighborhood of points is determined from a projected and / or pointed and / or determined by propagation of dots a point comprising in addition points in a predetermined neighborhood of said point in the subassembly of dimensions two or three to which said point belongs, one or more points projected from said point into other subsets and in that one determines on the set of points of this neighborhood that of these points which optimizes a given criterion.
- a method of interpreting seismic data in a space of dimension greater than three is proposed, the first three dimensions being advantageously, but not limited to, the spatial dimensions (X, Y and vertical axis).
- a characteristic of this process is to alternate phases of propagation, i.e. mapping of surfaces in 3D space
- FIG. 1 is a representation of a three-dimensional volume in which various seismic traces obtained have been pointed out
- FIG. 2 represents three-dimensional volumes vi, v 2 , and v 3 corresponding to different values of a parameter Xd, - FIG. 3 illustrates an example of surface pointing guide
- FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate examples of dotted propagation in three three-dimensional volumes vi, v 2 , v 3 ,
- recordings are processed to be used in the form of data (for example, but not necessarily the amplitude values of the recorded waves) depending on a number "n" of parameters which can be much greater than 3.
- xi, x 2 , x n in the remainder of the text. They can correspond to the geometric dimensions X, Y, Z (position and depth or time) and / or to all the other quantities which one wishes to take into account to analyze the records available: source / receiver distance, angle d incidence, time between acquisition, wave type, speed model increment, etc.
- a first step we choose three of these parameters (xi, x 2 ... x n for example) to define three dimensions of a subspace three-dimensional on which it is possible to carry out a classic 3D cartography, if the other parameters are fixed.
- the data that we consider are generally collections of 3D seismic data each generated for a given value of one or more other parameters, which we vary to define additional dimensions.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of surface pointing (surface Si) produced on such a volume Vi.
- one or more so-called projection relationships or “surface pointing guides” are also defined intended to connect the points of one of these volumes to those of another, according to the modifications that are made to the parameters other than those (xi, X2 ... x n ) which correspond to the dimensions in which these volumes are represented, to pass from one to the other of these two volumes.
- pointing guides can be determined in different ways and in particular in addition to the values of the samples considered, also according to dynamic or kinematic descriptions of the evolution of the volumes in the directions corresponding to the modified parameters.
- Pointing guides can also be laws that are given empirically.
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate an example of what a pointing guide can be.
- Vi, v 2 and v 3 correspond to three 3D volumes giving collections of samples as a function of the same three parameters xi, x 2 ... x n for three different values of another parameter Xd (the term "value" being here to understand in a broad way, Xd can just as well correspond to a quantifiable parameter, as to a parameter expressing a condition, other than a quantified condition (type of P waves, S waves, etc.)).
- a guide for pointing the surfaces is for example a curve ( ⁇ in FIG.
- P (i ⁇ i n ) be a point on the surface S and in a direction other than those forming the predefined 3D volume.
- a surface pointing guide associated with P in a direction d is an application Yl d p which makes it possible to determine a part of the points belonging to S lying in the vicinity of P in the plane defined by (P,
- the application ⁇ describes a curve representing the projection of the image described by S in the plane (P, Xd, X n ).
- the curve is defined by segments connecting the extrema correlating from S from one column to another in the plane (P, X d , X n ).
- R the map connecting two neighboring points of S by a segment.
- the inverse relation R "1 is then applied so as to transform the segment into elementary surface elements.
- the ⁇ application thus makes it possible to pass from one 3D volume to another, to point in a volume then in another of the events in correspondence having regard to the selected propagation criteria. Consistency tests are advantageously provided to validate the points that we retain in the volumes in which we project using the guide ⁇ : likeness and / or cross-correlation calculation for example. It will be understood that the technique which has just been described makes it possible successively to implement a surface pointing in a first volume, to pass into a second volume by a pointing guide, then to resume a surface pointing in this second.
- FIG. 4 illustrates in this sense, in the case of an analysis taking into account 4 dimensions, combinations of pointings of conventional 2D or 3D surfaces (small arrows on the grids) with propagation guides making it possible to pass from a volume 3D to another.
- the techniques proposed are for example used to circumvent a discontinuity (referenced by D) preventing the pursuit of a surface dotting in a volume.
- the surface tip is produced in a volume of dimension Xi, X 2 , X *.
- a discontinuity D prevents this surface pointing over the whole of this volume.
- One or more points highlighted by the surface dotted line are then projected into one or more other volumes corresponding to one or more other values for a fourth parameter (in this case X 3 ).
- a fourth parameter in this case X 3 .
- Example 1 Some examples of possible surface pointing guides are given below.
- Example 1 Some examples of possible surface pointing guides are given below.
- a surface pointing guide in the direction X 3 can be:
- Xi, X 2 corresponding to the ground position parameter, resulting from an acquisition whose source / receiver distance is regularly sampled with a step ⁇ 3 .
- X 3 represents the offset distance
- X 4 the time, sampled with a step ⁇ .
- the surface pointing guide depends on the average speed in the basement, which is an external parameter to the volume that we are looking for to image. This parameter provides description information in the direction X 3 .
- the speed disturbance being linear, we can consider as a first approximation that for a position Xi, X 2 , the depth X 4 of the sample associated with a reflector evolves linearly from one seismic volume to another, in the direction X 3 .
- the surface pointing guide is therefore defined as a linear function (represented in FIG. 7 of the type
- ⁇ 3 is the sampling step in the direction X3.
- the point guide is corrected so that it is consistent with the points obtained. For example, each new point in a three-dimensional volume constitutes a new point in the guide ⁇ .
- the proposed technique makes it possible to take into account existing 2D and 3D propagation methods and to extend them to “volumes” of dimensions 4 or greater. This increases the number of possible extension paths, in particular for surface dots.
- the projection relationships or pointing guides can depend as much on information describing the dynamics or the kinematics of the seismic environment as on empirical information obtained from samples of the acquisition or from external information.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/482,583 US8014951B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-07-01 | Surface pointing techniques |
MXPA04000063A MXPA04000063A (es) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-07-01 | Mejoramientos a tecnicas de punteo superficial. |
GB0330107A GB2393515B (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-07-01 | Improvements to surface pointing techniques |
AU2002333947A AU2002333947B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-07-01 | Improvements to surface picking techniques |
CA2452206A CA2452206C (fr) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-07-01 | Perfectionnements aux techniques de pointe de surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/08703 | 2001-06-29 | ||
FR0108703A FR2826734B1 (fr) | 2001-06-29 | 2001-06-29 | Perfectionnements aux techniques de pointe de surface |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003003052A1 true WO2003003052A1 (fr) | 2003-01-09 |
Family
ID=8864993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/002278 WO2003003052A1 (fr) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-07-01 | Perfectionnements aux techniques de pointe de surface |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8014951B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1547673A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2002333947B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2452206C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2826734B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2393515B (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA04000063A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003003052A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1452889B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-04 | 2012-03-14 | Institut Français du Pétrole | Méthode pour mesurer les similarités locales entre plusieurs cubes de traces sismiques |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2429526A (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-02-28 | Statoil Asa | Identifying continuous features in a seismic data set |
US10390892B2 (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-08-27 | Synaptive Medical Inc. | System and methods for updating patient registration during surface trace acquisition |
US10133854B2 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2018-11-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Compositional three-dimensional surface plots |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2657695A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-02 | Elf Aquitaine | Procede de pointe de surfaces dans un volume 3d. |
US5537320A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-07-16 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | Method and apparatus for identifying fault curves in seismic data |
US5615171A (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1997-03-25 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | Method and apparatus for finding horizons in 3D seismic data |
WO1999067660A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-25 | 1999-12-29 | Schlumberger Holdings Limited | Procede de traitement de signaux de donnees sismiques echelonnes dans le temps |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1240328A (en) * | 1914-04-02 | 1917-09-18 | Submarine Signal Co | Method and apparatus for locating ore-bodies. |
US1730411A (en) * | 1922-11-11 | 1929-10-08 | Herbert grove dorset | |
US2329721A (en) * | 1938-09-30 | 1943-09-21 | Cons Eng Corp | Geophysical exploration system |
US2388703A (en) * | 1941-09-20 | 1945-11-13 | United Geophysical Company Inc | Geological prospecting system |
US3529282A (en) * | 1968-01-29 | 1970-09-15 | Robert J S Brown | Method for determining in-line and cross dip employing cross steering of seismic data |
US4849887A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-07-18 | Amoco Corporation | Horizon velocity analysis |
US5008861A (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1991-04-16 | Amoco Corporation | Geophysical exploration by automatically picking and associating stacked seismic sections with regional coherency peaks of velocity spectra |
US5793357A (en) * | 1992-11-14 | 1998-08-11 | Ivey; Peter Anthony | Device and method for determining movement of a surface |
US5771170A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1998-06-23 | Atlantic Richfield Company | System and program for locating seismic events during earth fracture propagation |
US5458126A (en) * | 1994-02-24 | 1995-10-17 | General Electric Company | Cardiac functional analysis system employing gradient image segmentation |
US6041018A (en) * | 1997-11-13 | 2000-03-21 | Colorado School Of Mines | Method for correcting amplitude and phase differences between time-lapse seismic surveys |
US6826483B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2004-11-30 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Petroleum reservoir simulation and characterization system and method |
GB2372567B (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2003-04-09 | Schlumberger Holdings | Estimating subsurface subsidence and compaction |
-
2001
- 2001-06-29 FR FR0108703A patent/FR2826734B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-07-01 AU AU2002333947A patent/AU2002333947B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-07-01 MX MXPA04000063A patent/MXPA04000063A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-07-01 GB GB0330107A patent/GB2393515B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-01 WO PCT/FR2002/002278 patent/WO2003003052A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-01 US US10/482,583 patent/US8014951B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-01 CN CNA028166108A patent/CN1547673A/zh active Pending
- 2002-07-01 CA CA2452206A patent/CA2452206C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2657695A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-02 | Elf Aquitaine | Procede de pointe de surfaces dans un volume 3d. |
US5615171A (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1997-03-25 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | Method and apparatus for finding horizons in 3D seismic data |
US5537320A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-07-16 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | Method and apparatus for identifying fault curves in seismic data |
WO1999067660A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-25 | 1999-12-29 | Schlumberger Holdings Limited | Procede de traitement de signaux de donnees sismiques echelonnes dans le temps |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1452889B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-04 | 2012-03-14 | Institut Français du Pétrole | Méthode pour mesurer les similarités locales entre plusieurs cubes de traces sismiques |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1547673A (zh) | 2004-11-17 |
US20040172198A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
MXPA04000063A (es) | 2004-05-21 |
FR2826734B1 (fr) | 2004-01-16 |
GB0330107D0 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
CA2452206C (fr) | 2014-08-26 |
GB2393515B (en) | 2004-10-13 |
GB2393515A (en) | 2004-03-31 |
AU2002333947B2 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
CA2452206A1 (fr) | 2003-01-09 |
FR2826734A1 (fr) | 2003-01-03 |
US8014951B2 (en) | 2011-09-06 |
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