WO2002101844A2 - Method for producing high-temperature superconductors - Google Patents
Method for producing high-temperature superconductors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002101844A2 WO2002101844A2 PCT/EP2002/006053 EP0206053W WO02101844A2 WO 2002101844 A2 WO2002101844 A2 WO 2002101844A2 EP 0206053 W EP0206053 W EP 0206053W WO 02101844 A2 WO02101844 A2 WO 02101844A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- foreign elements
- superconducting layer
- base
- melting point
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021521 yttrium barium copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000353345 Odontesthes regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/16—Oxides
- C30B29/22—Complex oxides
- C30B29/225—Complex oxides based on rare earth copper oxides, e.g. high T-superconductors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B13/00—Single-crystal growth by zone-melting; Refining by zone-melting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N60/0268—Manufacture or treatment of devices comprising copper oxide
- H10N60/0296—Processes for depositing or forming copper oxide superconductor layers
- H10N60/0548—Processes for depositing or forming copper oxide superconductor layers by deposition and subsequent treatment, e.g. oxidation of pre-deposited material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing high-temperature superconductors, comprising at least one metal-oxide superconducting layer converted from a starting material, comprising the steps of applying the starting material for the superconducting layer to a strip-shaped base, in particular a metal strip, and converting the starting material into the superconducting layer controlled thermal treatment steps that include melting and cooling.
- the invention relates in particular to the production of coated high-temperature superconductors (coated conductors).
- the current carrying capacity of the superconducting layer depends considerably on the crystalline order in the layer, in particular the grain boundary angles.
- the starting material is applied to a metal base textured by deformation and recrystallization, for example a biaxially textured nickel strip, so that its biaxial texture is transferred to the crystalline order of the superconducting layer and the epitaxial crystal growth in the Superconducting layer adapts to the texture of the base.
- a metal base textured by deformation and recrystallization for example a biaxially textured nickel strip
- the growth front with the superconducting phases must be shifted continuously over the entire length of the conductor during the thermal treatment steps.
- This requires textured underlays that have the desired sharp biaxial texture over their entire length.
- the technological requirements for the textured documents are therefore high.
- the use of high-quality textured underlays or metal strips makes the manufacture of high-temperature superconductors considerably more complicated and expensive.
- the object of the invention is to propose a manufacturing method for high-temperature superconductors which is technologically simple to implement and which enables the production of elongated or endless high-temperature superconductors with high layer thicknesses, and consequently high maximum critical current densities.
- the primary material receives a melting point which is uneven across the strip cross-section, via which during the thermal treatment steps, in particular during cooling, a directed crystal growth in the superconducting layer is triggered, supported, promoted, maintained and / or is controlled.
- a texturing of the substrate nor a special, technologically difficult disposition method for the starting material is used for the formation of the single or polycrystalline order in the superconducting layer, but rather the directional crystal growth is introduced by infiltration, diffusion or mixing with external elements with variable concentration across the belt cross-section and thus creating a solidification front across the belt cross-section initiated, maintained, promoted and controlled.
- a directed crystal growth over the band cross section can be brought about from the edge with a higher melting point to the edge with a lower melting point. Since the substrate itself does not require any special pretreatment steps, its thickness can be considerably thinner, in particular compared to the Nikkei tapes textured by complex shaping and recrystallization, which can further simplify and reduce the cost of the manufacturing process. However, textured metal strips or metal coated strips and the like can also be used. can be used as a base.
- the foreign elements used have different melting points, the melting points of both foreign elements being higher than the melting point of the pure starting material or one higher and one lower than this. It is particularly advantageous here if exactly two foreign elements are used, the first foreign element being introduced in a strip-shaped zone on one band side and the other foreign element in a strip-shaped zone on the opposite band side. The concentration can then decrease within the zone of the introduced foreign elements towards the middle of the strip in order to obtain a constant melting point gradient across the strip cross section. An area that contains only the primary material can remain between the zones with foreign elements.
- the foreign elements are chosen in such a way that they influence the melting point without impeding the crystal growth for the superconducting phase.
- the implementation of the manufacturing process that varies across the concentration gradient and across the strip cross-section Melting point generates a directional solidification front during melting and / or cooling can be done in different ways.
- the foreign elements can be applied, coated, printed or sprinkled onto the preliminary material previously applied to the base, or conversely, the foreign elements can first be applied to the tape base.
- the primary material and then the foreign elements are applied to the base or the already applied primary material layer in successive preparation steps. It is particularly advantageous here if the primary material and / or the foreign elements by means of printing processes, in particular by means of screen printing, by means of rotating printing rollers, by means of jet printing or dropwise thermal or magnetic pulse pressure or the like. be applied, since the application of printing processes in production lines for superconductors can be implemented with little use of equipment.
- An alternative application method for the primary material is that the primary material is brought into liquid or pasty form by solvents and applied to the base or the base is drawn through a bath with liquid or pasty primary material, the solvents contained in the primary material being self-volatile, such as, for example Isopropanol, or are volatilized in a thermal intermediate treatment step, such as water.
- a thermal intermediate treatment step such as water.
- the foreign elements with the desired concentration gradient in narrow zones can then be applied to the pre-material layer before the appropriately prepared superconductor tape is subjected to the thermal treatment steps for converting or calcining the pre-material into a layer that is superconducting at the critical transition temperature T c ,
- the base preferably consists of a metal band made of silver, gold, nickel, iron or alloys with these elements. elements on which the primary material and the foreign elements are then applied in layers.
- the method according to the invention can be used with as far as possible all single-crystal and polycrystalline superconducting phases or superconducting layers.
- the preferred area of use relates to superconductors whose superconductor layers consist of YBa 2 Cu3 ⁇ x crystals. In the case of such superconductors, it is particularly preferred if the melting temperature gradient in the YBaCUO primary material is generated with neodymium (Nd) and ytterbium (Yb) or silver (Ag) and ytterbium (Yb) as foreign elements.
- foreign elements can also be used, preferably foreign elements from the group of the lanthanoids or rare earth metals, metals, noble metals or mixtures or compounds with these, since inter alia the metals of the rare earths and noble metals have no influence on the superconducting properties of the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x high temperature superconductors.
- the coating of the documents with the primary material and the application of the foreign elements is preferably carried out on documents in tape form.
- the superconductors produced by the manufacturing process can have a wide variety of geometric shapes, in particular also be designed as a round wire, by mechanically deforming the superconducting tape into a round cross section before or after the thermal treatment steps.
- the process control in particular the duration and the temperature gradient in the thermal treatment steps, is chosen such that a directed crystal growth in the superconducting layer of the high-temperature superconductor is controlled.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a top view of a YBCO starting material, applied to a nickel metal strip and coated with the foreign elements ytterbium and neodymium on the edge;
- Fig. 2 schematically in several diagrams the melting point gradient and the concentration gradient of the foreign elements across the strip cross section.
- a metal strip coated with a YBCO starting material for example an untextured nickel strip, on its right edge in a strip-shaped zone ytterbium (Yb) and on its opposite left edge in a spaced strip-shaped zone neodymium (Nd) are applied as foreign elements.
- the metal strip used for the production can instead of nickel also consist of a noble metal such as gold or silver or also of a textile or plastic strip with, for example, an evaporated metal layer, in order to promote crystal growth in the YBCO starting material during the conversion processes.
- the YbaCuO starting material (YBCO) was deposited on the metal strip in a viscous form, for example by a sol-gel process.
- a strip with neodymium as a foreign element with a higher melting point was first printed on the right edge of the tape strip, for example, with ytterbium as a foreign element with the lower melting point of approximately 1097 ° C. and then on the left edge of the tape base.
- the pure YBCO raw material has a melting point of around 1,050 ° C.
- the two foreign elements applied In the central area of the as yet unconverted superconductor tape, the two foreign elements applied have no or only a slight effect.
- the top diagram shows as a straight line the idealized melting temperature gradient T s over the band cross section Q, which drops from left to right due to the higher melting point of the neodymium and the lower melting point of the ytterbium.
- a continuously decreasing melting temperature gradient T s is obtained, the course of which will deviate from the straight line idealized in FIG. 2 in real use. Due to the melting temperature gradient T s generated in the primary material, a directed crystal growth of the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x crystals in the superconducting layer can be initiated and controlled during the conversion of the primary material YBCO via thermal heating and cooling, each from the edge with the higher melting point to the edge with the lower melting point.
- the YBCO primary material has a relatively large temperature window in which crystal growth can occur, so that a directed crystal growth can be achieved even if the melting temperature falls below or cools down by 100 ° C.
- the process control for the conversion of the superconducting phases is selected in such a way that a brief melting of the primary material to a temperature which is just above the melting point of the pure primary material is followed by targeted cooling in order to increase the crystallization front from the strip side Let the melting point run to the hinge side with a lower melting point. In the direction of the conductor strip, crystal growth of about 1 mm per hour can occur.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention can also be carried out with foreign elements, one of which has a melting temperature which is below that of the starting material.
- silver (Ag) with a melting temperature of approximately 961 ° C. was applied on one side of the strip and ytterbium (Yb) on the opposite side of the strip.
- the correspondingly prepared superconductor tape was then heated to approximately 1060 ° C., thus somewhat below the melting point of the ytterbium, and then cooled to below 1000 ° C. In this process control, the crystallization front is then formed from the ytterbium side to the silver side.
- layer thicknesses> 10 ⁇ m, in particular> 35 ⁇ m with directional crystal growth can be achieved with the method according to the invention.
- the layers can have a single or polycrystalline structure, the polycrystalline layers preferably consisting of large directional crystals, in particular single crystals.
- the base made of a suitable metal band need not be pre-textured. However, the use of pre-textured metal strips can further improve the superconducting properties of the superconductors produced.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020037002027A KR100863334B1 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2002-06-03 | Method for producing high-temperature superconductors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10128320A DE10128320C1 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2001-06-12 | High temperature superconductor manufacturing method has material converted into superconductive layer applied to metal band and doped to provide non-uniform melting points |
DE10128320.2 | 2001-06-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002101844A2 true WO2002101844A2 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
WO2002101844A3 WO2002101844A3 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
Family
ID=7687933
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2002/006053 WO2002101844A2 (en) | 2001-06-12 | 2002-06-03 | Method for producing high-temperature superconductors |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR100863334B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100376044C (en) |
DE (1) | DE10128320C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002101844A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100741726B1 (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-10 | 한국기계연구원 | Apparatus and method of manufacturing super conducting tapes using wet chemical process |
CN107978394A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | 上海新昇半导体科技有限公司 | Superconductive tape and its manufacture method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0486698A1 (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-05-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Oxide superconductor and production thereof |
EP0564279A1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1993-10-06 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Rare earth superconducting body and process for production thereof |
EP0866508A1 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-09-23 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Method of preparing rare earth-barium-cuprates superconductors |
US5872081A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1999-02-16 | General Atomics | Compositions for melt processing high temperature superconductor |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1340569C (en) * | 1987-05-05 | 1999-06-01 | Sungho Jin | Superconductive body having improved properties, and apparatus and systems comprising such a body |
US4994435A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1991-02-19 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Laminated layers of a substrate, noble metal, and interlayer underneath an oxide superconductor |
JP2707499B2 (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1998-01-28 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of oxide superconductor |
TW504849B (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 2002-10-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical receiver |
-
2001
- 2001-06-12 DE DE10128320A patent/DE10128320C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-06-03 WO PCT/EP2002/006053 patent/WO2002101844A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-03 KR KR1020037002027A patent/KR100863334B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-03 CN CNB028026578A patent/CN100376044C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0486698A1 (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-05-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Oxide superconductor and production thereof |
EP0564279A1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1993-10-06 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Rare earth superconducting body and process for production thereof |
US5872081A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1999-02-16 | General Atomics | Compositions for melt processing high temperature superconductor |
EP0866508A1 (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-09-23 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Method of preparing rare earth-barium-cuprates superconductors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100376044C (en) | 2008-03-19 |
KR100863334B1 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
CN1465107A (en) | 2003-12-31 |
DE10128320C1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
KR20030034137A (en) | 2003-05-01 |
WO2002101844A3 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
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