WO2002095208A1 - Fuel supply system for four-stroke engines - Google Patents

Fuel supply system for four-stroke engines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002095208A1
WO2002095208A1 PCT/ES2001/000291 ES0100291W WO02095208A1 WO 2002095208 A1 WO2002095208 A1 WO 2002095208A1 ES 0100291 W ES0100291 W ES 0100291W WO 02095208 A1 WO02095208 A1 WO 02095208A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
main
air
supply system
butterfly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2001/000291
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Duaso Pardo
Original Assignee
Procesos Mecanicos Españoles, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procesos Mecanicos Españoles, S.L. filed Critical Procesos Mecanicos Españoles, S.L.
Priority to EP20010960728 priority Critical patent/EP1403502A1/en
Publication of WO2002095208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002095208A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M7/00—Carburettors with means for influencing, e.g. enriching or keeping constant, fuel/air ratio of charge under varying conditions
    • F02M7/06—Means for enriching charge on sudden air throttle opening, i.e. at acceleration, e.g. storage means in passage way system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M11/00—Multi-stage carburettors, Register-type carburettors, i.e. with slidable or rotatable throttling valves in which a plurality of fuel nozzles, other than only an idling nozzle and a main one, are sequentially exposed to air stream by throttling valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M11/00—Multi-stage carburettors, Register-type carburettors, i.e. with slidable or rotatable throttling valves in which a plurality of fuel nozzles, other than only an idling nozzle and a main one, are sequentially exposed to air stream by throttling valve
    • F02M11/02—Multi-stage carburettors, Register-type carburettors, i.e. with slidable or rotatable throttling valves in which a plurality of fuel nozzles, other than only an idling nozzle and a main one, are sequentially exposed to air stream by throttling valve with throttling valve, e.g. of flap or butterfly type, in a later stage opening automatically
    • F02M11/04—Multi-stage carburettors, Register-type carburettors, i.e. with slidable or rotatable throttling valves in which a plurality of fuel nozzles, other than only an idling nozzle and a main one, are sequentially exposed to air stream by throttling valve with throttling valve, e.g. of flap or butterfly type, in a later stage opening automatically the later stage valves having damping means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M17/00—Carburettors having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of preceding main groups F02M1/00 - F02M15/00
    • F02M17/18—Other surface carburettors
    • F02M17/20—Other surface carburettors with fuel bath
    • F02M17/22—Other surface carburettors with fuel bath with air bubbling through bath
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M19/00—Details, component parts, or accessories of carburettors, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M1/00 - F02M17/00
    • F02M19/08—Venturis
    • F02M19/10—Venturis in multiple arrangement, e.g. arranged in series, fixed, arranged radially offset with respect to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M5/00—Float-controlled apparatus for maintaining a constant fuel level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M7/00—Carburettors with means for influencing, e.g. enriching or keeping constant, fuel/air ratio of charge under varying conditions
    • F02M7/12—Other installations, with moving parts, for influencing fuel/air ratio, e.g. having valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
    • F02B61/02—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
    • F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
    • F02D11/08—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the pneumatic type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/0272—Two or more throttles disposed in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/0274—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof one being controlled by pressure in intake conduit, e.g. for slowly opening the throttle as the other valve is suddenly opened

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel supply system for four-stroke engines, especially for engines used in motorcycles, which has been conceived and structured in order to achieve optimum engine performance, with rapid responses at more or more accelerations. less abrupt, with a lower emission of pollutants and with a structural simplification that supposes a remarkable reduction of costs in the process of manufacture of the carburetor.
  • the carburetors for four-stroke engines used in motorcycles consist of the main metering element of the gasoline of a valve-piston system whose degree of sealing depends on the flow of air that crosses it generating a depression in the minimum section of passage that acts on a membrane, with its spring in opposition, integral with said piston and a conical needle that seals the exit to the main duct of the carburetor, of a mixture rich in gasoline through a spout.
  • gasoline is supplied to the engine based solely on the flow of sucked air.
  • This system needs high machining precision and special surface treatments to ensure the perfect sliding of the piston in its housing, which has to be sensitive to minimal variations in pressure function that is negatively affected by the rigidity and hysteresis of the membrane. All these phenomena reduce the accuracy and repeatability of the carburetor dosing function, to which must be added the added difficulty of the necessary precision and repeatability of positioning of the conical needle that partially seals the gasoline outlet or rich air-gasoline mixture in your supplier.
  • this type of carburetor normally needs to be equipped with an acceleration pump, which basically consists of a positive displacement pump, with inlet and outlet valves, which injects a certain amount of liquid gasoline into the carburetor duct to prevent impoverishment of mixture that the engine would suffer as a result of delays in gasoline flow increases in the carburetor circuits during more or less rapid accelerations.
  • the gasoline thus supplied is hardly homogenized with the intake air and significantly increases the emission of pollutants, in particular carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons.
  • This type of carburetor is generally constructed with a die-cast aluminum structure in a pressure shell and subsequently profusely machined in circuit channels, valve housings such as piston and butterfly, threads, and other device housings. Carrying out this machining operation with the minimum guarantees of result implies costly investments and working times to which we must add those of possible failures and errors with the obvious loss of carburetor functionality.
  • carburetor uses a fixed venturi as the main dosing element, to which the emulsified rich mixture is discharged by means of a dispenser.
  • a fixed venturi As the main dosing element, to which the emulsified rich mixture is discharged by means of a dispenser.
  • circuit communication channels are simplified to the maximum so that no significant machining operation is necessary, which results in a high economic benefit in terms of investments and manufacturing times, and the other part eliminates geometric dispersion of shape and dimensions that originates a machining process as well as the probability of error and machine failures that affect its functionality very negatively, that is, the quality of the product.
  • Figure 1. Shows a longitudinal and central section of a carburetor provided with the fuel supply system that constitutes the object of the present invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows, according to a view similar to that of the previous figure, the exterior appearance of the same assembly, at a generic point of operation for the system.
  • Figure 3. Shows, a representation similar to that of the previous figure, corresponding to another operating point, specifically when an acceleration occurs.
  • FIG. 1 we see one. central longitudinal section, where the main duct to which the air coming from the air filter (FA) is located, whose flow is controlled by the gas or main butterfly valve (1).
  • the secondary throttle (2) maintains in each operating operation, whether in a stationary or transient regime, the proper opening to produce the loss of load that added to the venturi effect generated in the section of the pipe downstream of the secondary throttle and the loss of load of the air filter (FA), causing the suction at the outlet
  • This feeding system also consists of a constant level fuel tank (4) and communicated to the atmosphere by a vertical duct, so that the suction at the outlet (3) produces a flow through and controlled by the main pump ( 5) that emulsified with the air coming from the tube (9) provided with transverse holes, it discharges into the central duct of the system (1) through the outlet (3).
  • the present invention patent also contemplates the possibility that the fuel tank is not communicated with the atmosphere, but upstream of the secondary butterfly, in which case the suction at the outlet (3) would not be partially caused by the loss of load of the air filter.
  • an idle circuit supplies fuel in parallel with the aforementioned or main fuel circuit, and under the aforementioned conditions.
  • This idle circuit takes fuel already controlled by the main jet (5) and subsequently measured by the idle jet (6) located in serte with the previous one and discharges into it air channel (12) with which it is emulsified, of so that in idle position it takes air from the bypass holes and discharges to the main duct (11) by the screw-controlled hole of mixing (8) downstream of the main throttle and in small openings of this throttle, the fuel is discharged by said drill controlled by the screw (8) and totally or partially by the drills or by-pass grooves (7).
  • the change in air flow mentioned above must modify the suction in the emulsified fuel circuits so that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture that reaches the engine does not change significantly, this is obtained by adapting the dimensions of the construction geometry of the circuit between the main jet (5) and the outlet (3) so that turbulent flow is obtained both in said area and at the edges of the secondary butterfly (2), a phenomenon controlled by the Reynolds Number.
  • the secondary butterfly (3) In a first phase, and for a brief moment, the secondary butterfly (3) remains with an initial opening that for all intents and purposes represents a venturi effect of smaller section than the one corresponding to the acceleration end point determined by another opening greater than the Secondary butterfly, as can be seen in Figure 3.
  • the response of the fuel circuits is practically instantaneous, given the high suction levels in the aforementioned circuits, maintaining substantially the same fuel air ratio in the mixture or with small enrichments . Whereby the vehicle equipped with an engine with the proposed power system would not detect any driving failure.
  • the lung (17) equipped with membrane and antagonistic spring, opens the secondary butterfly (2) more by means of the strap (16), since said lung acts under the depression of point (19) located just downstream of the secondary butterfly.
  • the opening speed of said butterfly is a function of the increase in the air flow through the main system duct (11) maintaining a relationship of the air-fuel mixture that is substantially constant or with small enrichments.
  • the automatism described operating in accelerations in addition to allowing a vehicle driving without failures, does not generate the high emission of CO and HO pollutants that would be produced by a conventional carburetor of the aforementioned with an acceleration pump.
  • the present invention patent contemplates the alternative of establishing a control over the functionality of this feeding system piloted by an electronic control unit to which signals of engine temperature, rotation speed and throttle opening arrive to act on:

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel supply system for four-stroke engines which is particularly suitable for motorcycle engines. The inventive system consists in providing a main pipe in which the air arrives from the filter (FA), the flow rate of said air being controlled by means of a main (1) or gas butterfly valve. Said main pipe also comprises a secondary butterfly valve (2) which, in all operational modes (steady state and unsteady state), maintains the opening necessary to produce the pressure drop which, together with the Venturi effect generated in the section of the pipe downstream of said secondary butterfly valve (2) and the pressure drop in the air filter (FA), creates the appropriate suction at the outlet (3) for the emulsified fuel which mixes with the air current. Said fuel comes from a constant-level tank (4) which communicates with the atmosphere such that the suction at the outlet (3) produces an inflow which is controlled by the main jet (5) and which, emulsified with air from the tube (9) having transverse holes, discharges into the central pipe of the system (11) by means of the outlet (3).

Description

SISTEMA DE ALIMENTACIÓN DE COMBUSTIBLE PARA MOTORES DE FUEL FEEDING SYSTEM FOR MOTORS
CUATRO TIEMPOSFOUR TIMES
D E S C R I P C I Ó ND E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, en especial para motores empleados en motocicletas, el cual ha sido concebido y estructurado en orden a conseguir un óptimo rendimiento del motor, con respuestas rápidas en aceleraciones más o menos bruscas, con una menor emisión de contaminantes y con una simplificación estructural que supone un notable abaratamiento de costos en el proceso de fabricación del carburador .The present invention relates to a fuel supply system for four-stroke engines, especially for engines used in motorcycles, which has been conceived and structured in order to achieve optimum engine performance, with rapid responses at more or more accelerations. less abrupt, with a lower emission of pollutants and with a structural simplification that supposes a remarkable reduction of costs in the process of manufacture of the carburetor.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Los carburadores para motores de cuatro tiempos utilizados en motocicletas constan como principal elemento dosificador de la gasolina de un sistema de válvula -pistón cuyo grado de obturación depende del caudal de aire que lo atraviesa generando una depresión en la sección mínima de paso que actúa sobre una membrana, con su muelle en oposición, solidaria a dicho pistón y a una aguja cónica que obtura la salida al conducto principal del carburador, de una mezcla rica en gasolina a través de un surtidor. De esta forma se suministra gasolina al motor en función únicamente del caudal de aire aspirado.The carburetors for four-stroke engines used in motorcycles consist of the main metering element of the gasoline of a valve-piston system whose degree of sealing depends on the flow of air that crosses it generating a depression in the minimum section of passage that acts on a membrane, with its spring in opposition, integral with said piston and a conical needle that seals the exit to the main duct of the carburetor, of a mixture rich in gasoline through a spout. In this way, gasoline is supplied to the engine based solely on the flow of sucked air.
Este sistema necesita de mecanizados de alta precisión y especiales tratamientos superficiales para asegurar el perfecto deslizamiento del pistón en su alojamiento, que tiene que ser sensible a mínimas variaciones de presión función que se ve afectada negativamente por la rigidez e histéresis de la membrana. Todos estos fenómenos reducen la precisión y repetibilidad de la función dosificadora del carburador, a la que hay que añadir la dificultad añadida de la necesaria precisión y repetibilidad de posicionamiento de la aguja cónica que obtura parcialmente la salida de gasolina o mezcla rica de aire-gasolina en su surtidor.This system needs high machining precision and special surface treatments to ensure the perfect sliding of the piston in its housing, which has to be sensitive to minimal variations in pressure function that is negatively affected by the rigidity and hysteresis of the membrane. All these phenomena reduce the accuracy and repeatability of the carburetor dosing function, to which must be added the added difficulty of the necessary precision and repeatability of positioning of the conical needle that partially seals the gasoline outlet or rich air-gasoline mixture in your supplier.
Además, este tipo de carburador necesita normalmente estar dotado de una bomba de aceleración, que básicamente consiste en una bomba de desplazamiento positivo, con válvulas de entrada y salida, que inyecta una cierta cantidad de gasolina líquida al conducto del carburador para evitar el empobrecimiento de mezcla que sufriría el motor como consecuencia de los retardos de aumentos de caudal de gasolina en los circuitos del carburador durante las aceleraciones mas o menos rápidas. La gasolina así suministrada se homogeneiza difícilmente con el aire de admisión y aumenta notablemente la emisión de contaminantes, en particular el monóxido de carbono y los hidrocarburos inquemados .In addition, this type of carburetor normally needs to be equipped with an acceleration pump, which basically consists of a positive displacement pump, with inlet and outlet valves, which injects a certain amount of liquid gasoline into the carburetor duct to prevent impoverishment of mixture that the engine would suffer as a result of delays in gasoline flow increases in the carburetor circuits during more or less rapid accelerations. The gasoline thus supplied is hardly homogenized with the intake air and significantly increases the emission of pollutants, in particular carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons.
Este tipo de carburador se construye generalmente con estructura de aluminio fundida en coquilla a presión y posteriormente mecanizado profusamente en canales de circuitos alojamientos de válvulas como pistón y mariposa, roscas, y alojamientos de demás dispositivos. Realizar esta operación de mecanizado con las mínimas garantías de resultado supone costosas inversiones y tiempos de trabajo a las que hay que añadir las de posibles fallos y errores con la evidente perdida de funcionalidad en el carburador.This type of carburetor is generally constructed with a die-cast aluminum structure in a pressure shell and subsequently profusely machined in circuit channels, valve housings such as piston and butterfly, threads, and other device housings. Carrying out this machining operation with the minimum guarantees of result implies costly investments and working times to which we must add those of possible failures and errors with the obvious loss of carburetor functionality.
Otros tipos de carburador utilizan como principal elemento dosificador un venturi fijo, al cual descarga la mezcla rica emulsionada por medio de un surtidor. Para bajos caudales de aire genere una depresión muy baja, produciendo mala calidad de mezcla y grandes retardos en aceleraciones que obligan a instalar una bomba de aceleración con los problemas de gran emisión de contaminantes ya comentados.Other types of carburetor use a fixed venturi as the main dosing element, to which the emulsified rich mixture is discharged by means of a dispenser. For low air flows, generate a very low depression, producing poor mixing quality and great delays in accelerations that force the installation of an acceleration pump with the problems of high emission of contaminants already mentioned.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema preconizado por esta patente resuelve eficazmente los problemas y limitaciones planteados en los casos anteriormente citados, Desde el punto de vista anticontaminante y de economía de consumo de combustible, una mariposa secundaria genere la suficiente depresión a cualquier caudal de aire para que la mezcla aire- combustible pueda ser de gran homogeneidad y precisión tanto en funcionamiento estacionario como en las aceleraciones, controlada por una leva solidaria a la mariposa principal y un pulmón de membrana con su muelle antagonista impulsado por la depresión producida por la mariposa secundaria. Esto quiere decir que durante las aceleraciones se suministra el combustible por los mismos orificios que en Estacionario, por lo que no es necesaria la bomba de aceleración mejorando notablemente las emisiones de contaminantes (CO y HC) y la economía de combustible con respecto a los sistemas de alimentación convencionales ya citados, además de los resultados económicos de su explotación.The system recommended by this patent effectively solves the problems and limitations raised in the aforementioned cases. From the point of view of pollution control and fuel economy, a secondary butterfly generates sufficient depression at any air flow for the air mixture - Fuel can be of great homogeneity and precision in both stationary operation and accelerations, controlled by a cam integral to the main butterfly and a membrane lung with its antagonistic spring driven by the depression produced by the secondary butterfly. This means that during accelerations the fuel is supplied through the same holes as in Stationary, so the acceleration pump is not necessary, significantly improving pollutant emissions (CO and HC) and fuel economy with respect to systems of conventional food already mentioned, in addition to the economic results of its exploitation.
La construcción del sistema preconizado por esta patente es preferentemente en plástico de alta resistencia a los hidrocarburos a todas temperaturas de uso, sin descartar la posibilidad de realización en materiales convencionales como Zamac y aluminio. La utilización de este plástico como material de la estructura de este sistema permite alcanzar dos objetivos que representan grandes ventajas:The construction of the system recommended by this patent is preferably made of high plastic Resistance to hydrocarbons at all temperatures of use, without ruling out the possibility of realization in conventional materials such as Zamac and aluminum. The use of this plastic as the structure material of this system allows two objectives that represent great advantages to be achieved:
Es posible obtener por moldeo el perfil interior del conducto del sistema de forma que a bajos caudales de aire gran parte del flujo pase por las proximidades del surtidor de mezcla de emulsión proporcionando una mezcla aire-combustible muy homogénea y apta para una perfecta combustión, debido a la adecuada curvatura del citado conducto en la zona superior de la mariposa principal y de la secundaria.It is possible to obtain the internal profile of the system duct by molding so that, at low air flow rates, a large part of the flow passes through the vicinity of the emulsion mixing jet providing a very homogeneous air-fuel mixture and suitable for perfect combustion, due to to the proper curvature of said duct in the upper area of the main and secondary butterfly.
Los canales de comunicación de circuitos están simplificados al máximo de manera que no es necesaria ninguna operación de mecanizado significativa por lo cual se obtiene, de una parte un alto beneficio económico en cuanto a inversiones y tiempos dé fabricación, y de otra parte se elimina la dispersión geométrica de forma y de cotas que origina un proceso de mecanizado así como la probabilidad de error y fallos de máquinas que afectan muy negativamente su funcionalidad, es decir a la calidad del producto.The circuit communication channels are simplified to the maximum so that no significant machining operation is necessary, which results in a high economic benefit in terms of investments and manufacturing times, and the other part eliminates geometric dispersion of shape and dimensions that originates a machining process as well as the probability of error and machine failures that affect its functionality very negatively, that is, the quality of the product.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of practical realization thereof, is attached as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
La figura 1. - Muestra una sección longitudinal y central de un carburador provisto del sistema de alimentación de combustible que constituye el objeto de la presente invención.Figure 1. - Shows a longitudinal and central section of a carburetor provided with the fuel supply system that constitutes the object of the present invention.
La figura 2.- Muestra, según una vista similar a la de la figura anterior, el aspecto exterior del mismo conjunto, en un punto genérico del funcionamiento para el sistema.Figure 2.- Shows, according to a view similar to that of the previous figure, the exterior appearance of the same assembly, at a generic point of operation for the system.
La figura 3.- Muestra, una representación similar a la de la figura anterior, correspondiente a otro punto de funcionamiento, concretamente cuando se produce una aceleración.Figure 3.- Shows, a representation similar to that of the previous figure, corresponding to another operating point, specifically when an acceleration occurs.
La figura 4.- Muestra, finalmente, un perfil nuevamente en sección del conjunto representado en las figuras anteriores .Figure 4.- Finally, it shows a profile again in section of the assembly represented in the previous figures.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
En la figura 1 vemos una. sección longitudinal central, donde se halla el conducto principal al que llega el aire procedente del filtro de aire (FA) , cuyo caudal está controlado por la válvula mariposa de gases ó principal (1) . La mariposa secundaria (2) mantiene en cada operación de funcionamiento, ya sea en régimen estacionario o transitorio, la apertura adecuada para producir la perdida de carga que sumada al efecto venturi generado en la sección del conducto aguas abajo de la mariposa secundaria y a la perdida de carga del filtro de aire (FA) , originando la succión apropiada en la salidaIn figure 1 we see one. central longitudinal section, where the main duct to which the air coming from the air filter (FA) is located, whose flow is controlled by the gas or main butterfly valve (1). The secondary throttle (2) maintains in each operating operation, whether in a stationary or transient regime, the proper opening to produce the loss of load that added to the venturi effect generated in the section of the pipe downstream of the secondary throttle and the loss of load of the air filter (FA), causing the suction at the outlet
(3) de combustible emulsionado que se mezcla con la corriente de aire.(3) emulsified fuel that mixes with the air stream.
Este sistema de alimentación consta también de una cuba de combustible a nivel constante (4) y comunicada a la atmósfera por un conducto vertical, de forma que la succión en la salida (3) produce un flujo a través y controlado por el surtidor principal (5) que emulsionado con el aire proveniente del tubo (9) dotado de unos taladros transversales, descarga en el conducto central del sistema (1) por la salida (3) .This feeding system also consists of a constant level fuel tank (4) and communicated to the atmosphere by a vertical duct, so that the suction at the outlet (3) produces a flow through and controlled by the main pump ( 5) that emulsified with the air coming from the tube (9) provided with transverse holes, it discharges into the central duct of the system (1) through the outlet (3).
La presente patente de invención contempla también la posibilidad de que la cuba de combustible no esté comunicada con la atmósfera, sino aguas arriba de la mariposa secundaria, en cuyo caso la succión en la salida (3) no estaría originada parcialmente con la perdida de carga del filtro de aire.The present invention patent also contemplates the possibility that the fuel tank is not communicated with the atmosphere, but upstream of the secondary butterfly, in which case the suction at the outlet (3) would not be partially caused by the loss of load of the air filter.
Para mejorar la calidad de la mezcla aire- combustible suministrada al motor a cargas pequeñas y regímenes motor próximos al ralentí, un circuito de ralentí suministra combustible en paralelo con el circuito de combustible anteriormente citado o principal, y en las condiciones mencionadas. Este circuito de ralentí toma combustible ya controlado por el surtidor principal (5) y posteriormente medido por el surtidor de ralentí (6) situado en serte con el anterior y que descarga en él canal (12) de aire con el cual se emulsiona, de forma que en posición del ralentí toma aire de los taladros de by-pass y descarga al conducto principal (11) por el taladro controlado por el tornillo de mezcla (8) aguas abajo de la mariposa principal y en pequeñas aperturas de esta mariposa la descarga de combustible se hace por dicho taladro controlado por el tornillo (8) y total o parcialmente por los taladros o ranuras by-pass (7) .To improve the quality of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine at small loads and near-idle engine speeds, an idle circuit supplies fuel in parallel with the aforementioned or main fuel circuit, and under the aforementioned conditions. This idle circuit takes fuel already controlled by the main jet (5) and subsequently measured by the idle jet (6) located in serte with the previous one and discharges into it air channel (12) with which it is emulsified, of so that in idle position it takes air from the bypass holes and discharges to the main duct (11) by the screw-controlled hole of mixing (8) downstream of the main throttle and in small openings of this throttle, the fuel is discharged by said drill controlled by the screw (8) and totally or partially by the drills or by-pass grooves (7).
Queda por describir como se posiciona la apertura de la mariposa secundaria para producir la succión adecuada en la salida (3) . Dicha succión también se produce en los taladros de by-pass y se tiene en cuenta en la experimentación de obtención del perfil (18) de la leva dosificadora (13) solidaria al eje de la mariposa principal (1) . (Figuras 2 y 3)It remains to be described how the opening of the secondary butterfly is positioned to produce adequate suction at the outlet (3). This suction also occurs in the bypass holes and is taken into account in the experimentation of obtaining the profile (18) of the metering cam (13) integral with the axis of the main butterfly (1). (Figures 2 and 3)
Para cada apertura de la mariposa principal, la cual está controlada por el cable del acelerador del motor, existe un punto situado en el perfil interior (18) de la leva dosificadora (13) que en contacto con el pernoFor each opening of the main throttle, which is controlled by the motor throttle cable, there is a point located on the inner profile (18) of the metering cam (13) that in contact with the bolt
(14) de la palanca (15) solidaria al eje de la mariposa secundaria (2) , determina la apertura de dicha mariposa, la cual genera la pérdida de carga adicional para succionar el combustible emulsionado que con el aire de admisión constituye la mezcla aire-combustible en proporción adecuada para producir una óptima combustión en el motor, siguiendo los criterios clásicos de proporción de mezcla de máxima potencia para apertura total de la mariposa principal (1) o ángulos próximos a esta apertura y proporción de mezcla de máxima economía de consumo para aperturas parciales de dicha mariposa. Las necesidades de superar las normas de emisión de contaminantes pueden modificar ligeramente estos criterios sin que constituyan una excepción significativa. Si se mantiene la apertura de la mariposa principal y cambia el régimen del motor debe cambiar el caudal de aire, salvo que dicha mariposa determine una sección de paso en condiciones sónicas en cuyo caso el caudal de aire permanece constante. El cambio de caudal de aire mencionado anteriormente debe modificar la succión en los circuitos de combustible emulsionada para que no cambie significativamente la relación aire- combustible de la mezcla que llega al motor, esto se obtiene adecuando las dimensiones de la geometría constructiva del circuito comprendido entre el surtidor principal (5) y la salida (3) para que se obtenga un flujo turbulento tanto en dicha zona como en los bordes de la mariposa secundaria (2), fenómeno controlado por el Numero de Reynolds.(14) of the lever (15) integral with the axis of the secondary throttle (2), determines the opening of said throttle, which generates the loss of additional load to suck the emulsified fuel that constitutes the air mixture with the intake air -Fuel in adequate proportion to produce optimum combustion in the engine, following the classic criteria of maximum power mixing ratio for total opening of the main butterfly (1) or angles close to this opening and mixing ratio of maximum consumption economy for partial openings of said butterfly. The needs to exceed pollutant emission standards may slightly modify these criteria without constituting a significant exception. If the main throttle opening is maintained and the engine speed changes, the air flow should change, unless the throttle determines a passage section under sonic conditions in which case the air flow remains constant. The change in air flow mentioned above must modify the suction in the emulsified fuel circuits so that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture that reaches the engine does not change significantly, this is obtained by adapting the dimensions of the construction geometry of the circuit between the main jet (5) and the outlet (3) so that turbulent flow is obtained both in said area and at the edges of the secondary butterfly (2), a phenomenon controlled by the Reynolds Number.
Si a partir de un punto genérico de funcionamiento determinado por la figura 2 se acelera rápida o lentamente, lo que significa una apertura a dicha velocidad de la mariposa principal (1) podemos distinguir dos fases como respuesta del sistema a esta operación:If from a generic point of operation determined by Figure 2 it accelerates rapidly or slowly, which means an opening at said speed of the main butterfly (1) we can distinguish two phases as a response of the system to this operation:
En una primera fase, y durante un breve instante, la mariposa secundaria (3) permanece con apertura inicial que a todos los efectos representa un efecto venturi de sección más pequeña que la correspondiente al punto final de la aceleración determinado por otra apertura mayor de la mariposa secundaria, según puede apreciarse en la figura 3. En estas condiciones la respuesta de los circuitos de combustible es prácticamente instantánea, dados los altos niveles de succión en los citados circuitos, manteniendo sensiblemente la misma relación aire combustible en la mezcla ó con pequeños enriquecimientos. Por lo cual el vehículo dotado de un motor con el sistema de alimentación propuesto no detectaría ningún fallo en la conducción.In a first phase, and for a brief moment, the secondary butterfly (3) remains with an initial opening that for all intents and purposes represents a venturi effect of smaller section than the one corresponding to the acceleration end point determined by another opening greater than the Secondary butterfly, as can be seen in Figure 3. In these conditions the response of the fuel circuits is practically instantaneous, given the high suction levels in the aforementioned circuits, maintaining substantially the same fuel air ratio in the mixture or with small enrichments . Whereby the vehicle equipped with an engine with the proposed power system would not detect any driving failure.
- En una segunda fase, más prolongada que la anterior dependiendo de la potencia disponible y la necesaria para vencer la resistencia al avance, el pulmón (17), dotado de membrana y muelle antagonista abre más la mariposa secundaria (2) por medio del tirante (16) , ya que dicho pulmón actúa bajo la depresión del punto (19) situado justo aguas abajo de la mariposa secundaria. De esta forma la velocidad de apertura de dicha mariposa es función del aumento del caudal de aire que circula por el conducto principal de sistema (11) manteniendo una relación de la mezcla aire-combustible sensiblemente constante o con pequeños enriquecimientos.- In a second phase, longer than the previous one, depending on the available power and that necessary to overcome the resistance to the advance, the lung (17), equipped with membrane and antagonistic spring, opens the secondary butterfly (2) more by means of the strap (16), since said lung acts under the depression of point (19) located just downstream of the secondary butterfly. In this way the opening speed of said butterfly is a function of the increase in the air flow through the main system duct (11) maintaining a relationship of the air-fuel mixture that is substantially constant or with small enrichments.
El automatismo descrito operando en aceleraciones, además de permitir una conducción en vehículo sin fallos no genera la elevada emisión dé los contaminantes CO y HO que produciría un carburador convencional de los citados anteriormente dotados de bomba de aceleración.The automatism described operating in accelerations, in addition to allowing a vehicle driving without failures, does not generate the high emission of CO and HO pollutants that would be produced by a conventional carburetor of the aforementioned with an acceleration pump.
La presente patente de invención contempla la alternativa de establecer un control sobre la funcionalidad de este sistema de alimentación pilotado por una centralita electrónica a la cual llegan señales de temperatura del motor, velocidad de rotación y apertura de la mariposa para actuar sobre:The present invention patent contemplates the alternative of establishing a control over the functionality of this feeding system piloted by an electronic control unit to which signals of engine temperature, rotation speed and throttle opening arrive to act on:
- Un motor eléctrico que controla la apertura de la mariposa secundaria. - Una válvula que controla aire detrás de la mariposa (1) empobreciendo a voluntad una mezcla inicial rica. - An electric motor that controls the opening of The secondary butterfly. - A valve that controls air behind the butterfly (1) depleting a rich initial mixture at will.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E SR E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
Ia.- Sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, en el que se establece un conducto central por donde circula el aire y la mezcla de admisión, dotado de una válvula de mariposa conectada al mando del acelerador, caracterizado porque en el mismo participa además una segunda válvula de mariposa que produce la succión necesaria en los circuitos de combustible, habiéndose previsto que la mariposa principal sea de menor diámetro que la secundaria y el perfil del conducto de manera que obstruye el paso de gases en la salida superior de las mariposas obligando a reducir los caudales de gases, a que una gran fracción de éstos pasen por las proximidades de las salidas de los circuitos de combustible produciendo una mezcla aire- combustible en relación y calidad apropiada para la combustión del motor.I to .- supply system fuel for four - stroke engines, in which a central duct is established through which the air and the intake mixture, provided with a throttle valve connected to the control of the accelerator, characterized in It also participates in a second butterfly valve that produces the necessary suction in the fuel circuits, the main butterfly being provided to have a smaller diameter than the secondary one and the profile of the duct so that it obstructs the passage of gases in the upper outlet of the butterflies forcing the reduction of gas flow rates, so that a large fraction of these pass through the vicinity of the fuel circuit outlets, producing an air-fuel mixture in relation and quality appropriate for the combustion of the engine.
2a.- Sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, según la reivindicación Ia, caracterizado porque la mariposa secundaria tiene limitada su apertura por un sistema de levas, de forma que dicha apertura sólo depende, en operaciones estacionarias, de la apertura de la mariposa principal.2 .- supply system fuel for four - stroke engines, according to claim Ia, wherein the secondary butterfly has limited its opening by a cam system, such that said aperture depends only, in stationary operations, the main butterfly opening.
3a.- Sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, según reivindicaciones 1 y 2a, caracterizado porque durante las aceleraciones, un pulmón dotado de membrana y muelle antagonista o sin dicho muelle, movido por la depresión existente entre las dos mariposas sitúa la mariposa secundaria en la apertura que le corresponde determinada por la apertura de la mariposa principal por medio del sistema de levas mencionado. 4a.- Sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, según las reivindicaciones Ia y 3a, caracterizado porque la mariposa secundaria está posicionada por medio de un motor eléctrico que a su vez recibe la señal oportuna de una centralita electrónica que decide el tipo de intervención procesando diversos parámetros del motor recibidos como señales procedentes de sensores como velocidad de rotación de motor, temperatura del motor y de la admisión y apertura de mariposa principal .3 .- supply system fuel for four - stroke engines according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that during acceleration, a gifted lung membrane and antagonist spring or without said spring, moved by the depression existing between the two butterflies it places the secondary butterfly in the corresponding opening determined by the opening of the main butterfly by means of the mentioned cam system. 4 .- supply system fuel for four - stroke engines according to claims I to and 3, characterized in that the secondary throttle is positioned by means of an electric motor which in turn receives the opportune signal from an electronic control unit that It decides the type of intervention by processing various motor parameters received as signals from sensors such as engine rotation speed, engine temperature and main throttle intake and opening.
5a.- Sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, según reivindicaciones Ia, 2a, 3a y 4a, caracterizado porque aguas abajo de la mariposa principal una válvula eléctrica controla un caudal de aire que empobrece la mezcla del sistema de alimentación de combustible de forma que le mezcla final sea la apropiada para una perfecta combustión siendo dicha válvula eléctrica pilotada por una centralita electrónica que a su vez recibe información de los parámetros del motor procedente de sensores de velocidad y regularidad de rotación de motor, temperatura motor y admisión y apertura de la mariposa principal .*5 .- supply system fuel for four - stroke engines, according to claims I to, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that downstream of the main throttle an electric valve controls an air flow that a lean mixture of the fuel supply system so that the final mixture is appropriate for a perfect combustion being said electric valve piloted by an electronic control unit that in turn receives information on the parameters of the engine from speed sensors and regularity of engine rotation, engine temperature and intake and opening of the main butterfly. *
6a.- Sistema de alimentación de combustible para motores de cuatro tiempos, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque su estructura, especialmente la parte interior del conducto principal, está preferentemente obtenida mediante inyección a base de un material plástico resistente a los combustibles a cualquier temperatura de uso, que lo haga dimensionalmente estable en el ambiente próximo al motor. 6 .- supply system fuel for four - stroke engines, according to previous claims, characterized in that its structure, especially the inside of the main duct, is preferably obtained by injection based on a plastic material resistant to fuels at any temperature of use, to make it dimensionally stable in the environment close to the engine.
PCT/ES2001/000291 2001-05-24 2001-07-23 Fuel supply system for four-stroke engines WO2002095208A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20010960728 EP1403502A1 (en) 2001-05-24 2001-07-23 Fuel supply system for four-stroke engines

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ESP200101191 2001-05-24
ES200101191A ES2189641B1 (en) 2001-05-24 2001-05-24 FUEL FEEDING SYSTEM FOR FOUR-TIME ENGINES.

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AR (1) AR032359A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2189641B1 (en)
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TWI414677B (en) * 2011-07-13 2013-11-11 Kwang Yang Motor Co Multi - cylinder internal combustion engine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3284063A (en) * 1963-07-29 1966-11-08 Acf Ind Inc Carburetor
US3680846A (en) * 1971-01-08 1972-08-01 Acf Ind Inc Staged carburetor
ES442787A1 (en) * 1974-12-20 1977-04-01 Sibe Carburettors for internal combustion engines
US4119074A (en) * 1974-11-29 1978-10-10 Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. Apparatus to control the ratio of air to fuel of air-fuel mixture applied to an internal combustion engine
US4193948A (en) * 1978-12-26 1980-03-18 Walbro Corporation Mounting structure for plastic carburetors
WO1991016536A1 (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-10-31 KÖRÖSZTÖS, Péter Carburetor for gasoline engines

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3284063A (en) * 1963-07-29 1966-11-08 Acf Ind Inc Carburetor
US3680846A (en) * 1971-01-08 1972-08-01 Acf Ind Inc Staged carburetor
US4119074A (en) * 1974-11-29 1978-10-10 Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. Apparatus to control the ratio of air to fuel of air-fuel mixture applied to an internal combustion engine
ES442787A1 (en) * 1974-12-20 1977-04-01 Sibe Carburettors for internal combustion engines
US4193948A (en) * 1978-12-26 1980-03-18 Walbro Corporation Mounting structure for plastic carburetors
WO1991016536A1 (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-10-31 KÖRÖSZTÖS, Péter Carburetor for gasoline engines

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AR032359A1 (en) 2003-11-05
TW512203B (en) 2002-12-01
ES2189641B1 (en) 2004-11-16
ES2189641A1 (en) 2003-07-01
EP1403502A1 (en) 2004-03-31

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