Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
  • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
  • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
  • E02B15/102—Discs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
  • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
  • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
  • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
  • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
  • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
  • E02B15/104—Conveyors; Paddle wheels; Endless belts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
  • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
  • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

• the invention relates to the environment protection field, particularly to devices for the removal of crude oil, petroleum products, various oils, grease films and other lubricating agents floating on water surface and can be applied to any branch connected with organic substances removal from water surface.
• An oil trap (GB, 2254801) is known consisting of one or two disc modules arranged in a single casing and consisting of 14 coalescing discs vertically aligned and partially immersed into a contaminated layer of liquid.
• the disc rotation is driven by a hydraulic motor. While discs are rotating floating oil sticks to their surface and then is scraped off into a chute discharging the removed product into a special pocket.
• the oil trap is installed at floating transport means or equipped with floats.
• the removal of collected petroleum products is performed via pipelines connected to an evacuation pump.
• the drawback of this equipment consists in that it can neither remove separate particles or an intermittent film nor clean water surface of highly viscous floating petroleum products as scrapers are manufactured of soft, J&itetic material.
• Another oil trap (RU, 2052576) which includes a disc shaft, scrapers, an accumulating duct and a propeller.
• the propeller rotation is performed with the help of a reducer, a chain transmission and a flexible shaft.
• the propeller angle movement in a horizontal plane relative to the disc shaft is realized with the help of a crank, a tie-rod and an arm.
• This oil trap allows to remove an intermittent film owing to a screw directing floating oil to a working zone of discs. Still it does not solve the problem of collecting and removing viscous petroleum products.
• An apparatus for oil removal from water surface (RU, 2073772) is known which is made as a ship with two hulls between which a belt conveyor is installed for oil transportation from water surface into a collecting reservoir.
• This apparatus allows to remove petroleum products from water surface absorbing them with sorbents.
• Compressed air via hoses supplies microcapsules, i.e. sorbents, under an oil film floating on water surface which interact with oil and form gel-like lumps directed to the belt conveyor with the help of special grips.
• This equipment ensures the collection of floating petroleum products of any viscosity degree. Still it has some drawbacks the main of which are large expenditures connected with the preparation of sorbents and their further treatment to recover petroleum products; moreover, sorbents should be made of material which would not stick to the conveyor belt.
• An apparatus for oil removal from water surface (RU, 2111174) which includes a floating oil-collection device and a draining system for petroleum products removal.
• the oil trapping apparatus is made as four hollow free-floating drums fastened with brackets at sides of a square pan and united with a common drive with the help of a gimbal gear.
• External drum surfaces are covered with a fleecy coating, the nap length being 10 mm. They are pressed to spring-loaded comb-shaped scrapers passing to troughs connected with the drain system made as an oil-reception funnel of a centrifugal pump with a discharging flexible hose.
• RU, 2134239 is known which is made as two hollow air-tight cylinders with undulating surfaces rotating towards each other inside which additional hollow cylinders are coaxially installed. Cooling or heating agent regulating viscosity of petroleum products to be removed is introduced into the space between the internal and the external cylinders.
• the similar technical decision of the viscosity regulation of petroleum products to be removed is offered by an apparatus (RU, 2144108) but the drum heating is performed by heating of its external (but not internal) surface by using Ohmic resistances fastened at the external surface of the rotating drum.
• the nearest analog of the apparatus offered is an oil trap (RU, 2017891) including a casing opened for the inlet and the outlet of liquid to be treated, a rotating drum rigidly connected to a system of movable (working) discs, facilities for oil film removal from the disc surfaces and a pocket for petroleum product trapped at the lower part of which a branch pipe is installed to be connected to an evacuating pump.
• a thinner or a heat transfer agent are supplied to it through a branch pipe.
• the drawback of this apparatus is the use of thinner or heat-transfer agent what is connected with additional power consumption and difficulties in ensuring optimum viscosity of petroleum product to be removed.
• the invention is based on the object to create an apparatus intended for the removal of liquid floating impurities from water surface irrespective of their viscosity owing to its design elements but not the use of various thinners and / or heat transfer agents as well as sorbents or other water-repellent materials.
• the apparatus casing is made as a load-bearing frame with the possibility to arrange at it additionally not less than one rotating drum with an independent drive made similar to the basic rotating drum and located higher than the basic drum at an acute angle to it;
• - facilities for the removal of impurities from working discs are made as endless belts secured to the basic drum and the additional drum and forming conveyors for the removal of impurities, the belt width of each conveyor corresponding to the distance between working discs;
• the apparatus can be equipped with a tray, an inclined transversal trough and an additional vessel for leakages accumulation, the tray and the trough being secured to the load-bearing frame.
• the apparatus is equipped with auxiliary chain conveyors installed between the upper and the lower belts of main conveyors, the auxiliary conveyors sprockets being secured to the shaft of the apparatus basic drum and the second additional drum installed at the load- bearing frame.
• the distance between axes of the apparatus basic drum and auxiliary conveyors drum is determined on the basis of values of a working disc radius and an additional drum radius.
• the depth of the working discs immersion into the layer of floating liquid impurities is determined on the basis of a working disc radius, a basic drum radius and a main conveyor belt thickness.
• Conveyor belts can be made as rubber or plastic bands or metal chains.
• the chain conveyor is actuated with the help of sprockets installed at the main conveyors drums, metal plates being with one of their ends hinged at conveyor chains in such a way that they form a solid plate.
• the conveyors quantity in the apparatus is by one piece more than the quantity of working discs installed at the apparatus basic drum.
• the apparatus allows to remove from water surface any impurities irrespective of their type and viscosity. At the same time it possesses the design simplicity, the compactness and the reliability of the operation.
• Fig. 1 - a general view of the apparatus (without facilities for floats fastening and the apparatus mounting at a transportation facility); the conveyor upper run is a loaded (working) one.
• Fig. 2 - a view in the direction of arrow A, Fig. 1.
• FIG. 3 -a view in the direction of arrow B, Fig. 1.
• Fig. 4 - a conveyor diagram showing the scraper and the tank arrangement when the conveyor lower run is loaded.
• Fig. 5 - a chain conveyor diagram (the upper chain is a loaded one).
• Fig. 6 - a chain conveyor diagram (the lower chain is a loaded one).
• Fig. 7 - a diagram of the apparatus with the use of an auxiliary conveyor.
• Fig. -8 - a diagram of the apparatus immersion into water with the use of floats.
• the apparatus for the removal of liquid floating impurities includes a casing made as a load-bearing frame 1 with stiffening ribs 2.
• the lower shaft 3 with the drive 4 and the upper shaft 5 with the drive 6 are installed at the load-bearing frame.
• the basic drum 7 is installed at the lower shaft 3 and the additional drum 8 is installed at the upper shaft 5, working discs 9 being rigidly secured to the drum 7.
• the drums 7 and 8 bear spring-loaded discs 10 which to eliminate the slippage pinch belts of conveyors 11 arranged between them and made as V-shaped rigid belts inserted into shaped slots of drums 7 and 8.
• a width of each belt of a separate conveyor corresponds to a distance between working discs 9, therefore the belt lateral sides play the role of scrapers removing impurities from lateral surfaces of working discs 9 and supplying them to the drum 8.
• Ends of drums 7 and 8 bear limiting discs 12 having larger diameters than those of the drums and preventing the extreme conveyor belts ⁇ rnning off from drums 7 and 8.
• Scrapers 13 secured to the load-bearing frame 1 are installed near drum 8, the scrapers' lower part forming a chute into which impurities are discharged and by gravity supplied to tank 14 installed under the chute.
• the tank 14 is intended for keeping of collected petroleum products and their periodic transportation (by fuel oil tank trucks, tanks and so on) for the further use of petroleum products.
• the tray 15 is installed under conveyor 11 belts.
• the tray has an inclined transversal trough 16 by which leakages drain down into the additional vessel 17.
• the chain conveyor is made of metal chains 18 installed on sprockets 19 arranged in shaped slots of drums 7 and 8.
• metal plates 20 are with one end hinged to each chain link and at the same time play the role of scrapers removing a film of impurities from lateral surfaces of adjacent working discs 9. Plates 20 are installed in such a way that each plate is a continuation of another one thus forming a solid metal band.
• auxiliary chain conveyor 21 on which working runs of the main conveyors 11 are supported (Fig. 7).
• Each auxiliary conveyor 21 is installed on the driving sprocket 22 mounted at the shaft 3 of the basic rotating drum 7 and the driven sprocket 23 secured to the additional drum 24 installed at the shaft 25.
• the distance between axes of drums 7 and 24 is determined by the equation
• L is a distance between axes of the basic and the additional drums (7 and
• cm Ri is a radius of the working disc
• cm R is a radius of the additional drum
• cm Floats 26 are used for keeping the apparatus afloat within the predetermined range of depths. They are fastened to the apparatus stationary parts, e.g. to the load-bearing frame, being adjustable for their height. .
• the apparatus can be installed at floating means, e.g. aboard a ship, at booms, at motor transport equipped with a device for the immersion into water, as well at a dam or ashore.
• the slope of conveyors 11 relative to water surface should be less than 90° to ensure the transportation of impurities of any viscosity.
• a concrete angle depends on the apparatus working conditions and petroleum products viscosity, therefore to insure optimum capacity an angle should be selected by the attending personnel in the course of the apparatus operation.
• the right choice of a depth of working discs 9 immersion into a medium plays the important role for the improvement of the apparatus operation and its capacity as it influences on the quantity of residual liquid to be treated which is contained in collected petroleum products. Therefore the immersion depth of the working discs unit should meet the following requirement
• H is an immersion depth
• cm Ri is a radius of the working disc
• R 3 is a radius of the basic rotating drum, cm b is a conveyor belt thickness, cm
• the apparatus for the removal of liquid floating impurities operates as follows.
• the rotation of drums 7 and 8 is provided by independent drives 4 and 6 accordingly, depending on a type of impurity in such a direction that an approaching film of liquid floating impurities (crude oil, petroleum products, grease, oils or other organic impurities) is attacked by descending halves of working discs 9.
• an upper or a lower run of conveyors 11 is a loaded (working) run; in this case the location of the petroleum product tank 14 and of scrapers 13 removing impurities from the conveyor belts are accordingly changed.
• Leakages of slightly-viscous products are from the conveyor belts drained into- the tray 15, reach the inclined transversal trough 16 and are by gravity directed into the additional vessel 17.
• auxiliary conveyor 21 Fig. 7
• the rotation of the second additional drum 24 is provided by the drive 4 of the basic drum 7 with the help of a standard chain transmission.
• Auxiliary conveyors 21 improve the reliability of the main conveyor 11 operation while passing the most dangerous zone, i.e. the zone of working discs.
• the apparatus for the rempval of liquid floating impurities can be applied to any branch of industry where difficulties exist with the removal of hydrocarbons, crude oil, petroleum products and other organic materials from water surface.
• the apparatus design neither causes any difficulties during its manufacturing nor ⁇ aries ⁇ an ⁇ special machining attachments.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=20250048

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (4)

• 2001
  • 2001-05-23 RU RU2001114243/13A patent/RU2217552C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-09-05 WO PCT/RU2001/000363 patent/WO2002095137A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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