WO2002092515A2 - Method and apparatus for treating wastewater - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for treating wastewater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002092515A2 WO2002092515A2 PCT/US2002/010972 US0210972W WO02092515A2 WO 2002092515 A2 WO2002092515 A2 WO 2002092515A2 US 0210972 W US0210972 W US 0210972W WO 02092515 A2 WO02092515 A2 WO 02092515A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- physical
- clarifier
- chemical reactor
- influent
- chemical
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5209—Regulation methods for flocculation or precipitation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/12—Inert solids used as ballast for improving sedimentation
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus and method for treating wastewater, particularly to an apparatus and method for treating wastewater that is capable of handling not only ordinary, everyday flow rates and pollutants of wastewater, but also achieving similar or better treatment during surge periods and/or wet weather conditions.
- wastewater is treated through a series of removal processes.
- One such removal process is settling or clarification. It is in this treatment step that many of the heavier solids (or materials with a specific gravity greater than one) are settled out of wastewater.
- ballast material is typically sludge or sand.
- these high rate clarification systems are of a significantly smaller footprint (possibly 5 to 10 times smaller), and they consistently produce equal or better quality effluent.
- the main drawback to ballasted high rate clarifiers is that they have higher operational costs, including increased power and maintenance costs, and chemical requirements. Examples of this technology include the DensaDeg® Clarifier or the Actiflo® Clarifier. It should be noted that because these high-rate clarifiers are of a significantly smaller footprint than conventional clarifiers, they cannot achieve conventional effluent quality without the use of chemicals, operating at the same flow rate.
- a further problem facing existing wastewater treatment plants is that they have been sized to meet wastewater flow conditions, which may be completely inadequate during high flow occurrences, such as during heavy periods of rain. In such instances, the flow of wastewater may receive inadequate treatment, depending on the capacities and capabilities of the individual wastewater treatment plant. Some plants must bypass their treatment processes with this wet weather flow.
- the invention relates in one aspect to an apparatus for treating wastewater that includes a physical-chemical reaction vessel or reactor and a chemical supply operably connected to the physical-chemical reaction vessel.
- a clarifier operably connects to and is located downstream of the physical-chemical vessel.
- a ballast recirculation line is operably connected between the clarifier and the high rate physical-chemical vessel.
- the apparatus includes a control system that directs a) influent into 1) the clarifier but not the physical-chemical vessel when influent conditions are within a selected low range and 2) the physical- chemical vessel and then into the clarifier when the influent conditions are within a selected higher range, and b) ballast from the clarifier into the physical-chemical vessel through the sludge recirculation line when the flow or pollutant loading is within the selected higher range.
- the invention relates in another aspect to an apparatus for treating wastewater including a physical-chemical reactor, a chemical supply operably connected to the physical-chemical reactor, a clarifier operably connected to and located downstream of the physical-chemical reactor, a ballast recirculation line operably connected between the clarifier and the physical-chemical reactor, and a control system that directs unconditioned influent into the clarifier when influent conditions are within a selected range, and conditioned influent, resulting from direct or indirect introduction of chemicals and recirculated ballast generated within the clarifier, into the physical-chemical reactor and then into the clarifier when the influent conditions are within a selected different range.
- the invention further relates to an apparatus for treating wastewater which operates without ballast material supplied from outside including a physical- chemical reactor which operates without ballast material supplied from outside, a chemical supply, free of ballast material supplied from outside, operably connected to the physical-chemical reactor, a clarifier operably connected to and located downstream of the physical-chemical reactor which operates without ballast material supplied from outside, and a control system that directs unconditioned influent into the clarifier when influent conditions are within a selected range, and conditioned influent, resulting from directly or indirect introduction of chemicals and recirculated ballast generated within the clarifier, into the physical-chemical reactor and then into the clarifier when the influent conditions are within a selected different range.
- the invention still further relates to an apparatus for treating wastewater including one physical-chemical reactor, a chemical supply operably connected to the physical-chemical reactor, a clarifier operably connected to and located downstream of the physical-chemical reactor, and a control system that directs unconditioned influent into the clarifier when influent conditions are within a selected range, and conditioned influent, resulting from direct or indirect introduction of chemicals and recirculated ballast generated within the clarifier, into the physical-chemical reactor and then into the clarifier when the influent conditions are within a selected different range.
- the invention also includes a method of treating a variable flow/pollutant loading of wastewater that includes removing selected materials from the wastewater.
- the wastewater is typically 1) subjected to clarification in a clarifier without the use of coagulating/flocculating chemicals, 2) biological treatment and possibly 3) settling and/or filtration and/or disinfection.
- 1) coagulant, and possibly flocculant is added to the incoming wastewater, 2) ballast generated within the clarifier is recirculated into the resulting mixture, 3) the resulting mixture is subjected to agitation in a physical-chemical vessel, and 4) the resulting mixture is subjected to settling in the clarifier.
- Clarifier effluent may then be subjected to biological treatment, settling, filtration, and disinfection — or any combination thereof.
- Fig. 1 is a simple depiction showing differences in "footprint" size of two clarifiers.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-section of a portion of alternative wastewater treatment technology utilizing physical-chemical apparatus to treat wastewater.
- FIG.3 is a schematic plan view of a typical wastewater treatment plant design.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a wastewater treatment plant utilizing the physical-chemical apparatus shown in Fig. 2.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a portion of the wastewater treatment plant shown in accordance with the invention.
- Fig.6 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Fig.5 taken along the lines VI - VI.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of an alternative embodiment of a portion of the invention capable of performing similar functions as to that shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a wastewater treatment plant in accordance with an especially preferred embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view of an alternative configuration/embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 10 is another embodiment of the apparatus generally shown in
- the reactor zone contains an internal recirculator 16 and an agitator 18 that causes intense mixing of the influent, flocculant (not shown), coagulant (not shown) and ballast (not shown) material with ballast recirculated through ballast recirculation line 20.
- a baffle 22 separates the internal recirculator from wall 24 segregating reactor zone 12 from clarifier zone 14. Agitated influent passes between baffle 22 and wall 24 and into clarifier zone 14 whereby solids in the wastewater settle out. Clarified wastewater then rises upwardly through zone 32 at a hydraulic rise rate of about 20 - 80 gprn/ft 2 , in most cases. Sludge is removed through a sludge removal line 26 after thickening and collection by rake 28. Effluent passes outwardly of the clarifier zone through effluent line 30 after rising past settling plates or tubes 32.
- FIG. 3 An overview of a typical wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is shown in Fig. 3.
- the wastewater treatment plant includes facilities for removing selected solid materials such as grit and other inert materials as shown in grit removers 34.
- conventional clarifiers 36 are located downstream of grit removers 34 and a biological treatment apparatus 38 is located downstream of conventional clarifiers 36.
- Biological treatment device 38 is followed by, in this case, another pair of clarifiers 40.
- a device 44 is either substituted or retrofitted into an existing clarifier 36 such as that shown in Fig. 3.
- clarifier 36 of Fig. 5 is connected to a reactor/vessel 46.
- a ballast recirculation line 50 is provided directly from clarifier 36 to reactor 46.
- a line or plurality of lines 72 and 74 provide coagulant, flocculant, and other reagents required for treatment.
- an additional reactor 48 and accompanying conduits, chemical supply and the like may be provided in one embodiment of the invention.
- Reactor 46 is located within clarifier 36 as shown in Fig. 9 and includes plate and/or tube settlers 102, in one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 6 shows an exploded cross-sectional view of the device 44 shown in Fig.5, wherein clarifier 36 ordinarily, during times of normal or low flow and/or pollutant conditions, receives its influent from conduit 54.
- valves 56 and 58 are in the closed position and valve 60 is open so that influent may pass directly into clarifier 36 for settling in accordance with conventional design parameters.
- Sludge removal occurs in the usual manner through conduit 62 subsequent to movement by rake 64.
- Effluent exits in the normal manner by way of trough 66.
- valve 60 is placed in the closed position and valves 56 and 58 are opened so that influent is channeled into reactor/vessel 46, upwardly through internal recirculator 68 and agitated by agitator 70, with the inclusion of chemicals such as coagulant and flocculant by way of conduits 72 and 74, for example.
- Treated influent exits reactor 46 by way of conduit 76 and returns to conduit 54 for passage into clarifier 36.
- the inclusion of internal recirculator, 68 is optional.
- the system may operate with a single physical-chemical reactor with a single agitator 70.
- ballast recirculation is provided for by fully or at least partially closing valve 78 and opening valve 80 so that sludge, which acts as internally generated ballast, recirculates through conduit 50 into reactor 46, preferably by pumping action.
- sludge which acts as internally generated ballast
- a control system including the valves set forth above and, preferably a computer/controller 100 (see Fig. 6), from conventional settling to physical- chemical mode.
- ballast is recycled from the clarifier 36 to the reactor 46 [0039] This re-routing process is shown in Fig. 6.
- the invention offers significant benefits over conventional and side-stream clarification practices.
- One significant benefit lies in the fact that settling rates are much more conservative than those typically achieved within other physical-chemical clarifiers.
- the clarification zone is sized to achieve conventional effluent quality without the use of chemicals, the settling rate during physical-chemical mode is a substantially linear correlation to the plant's hydraulic peaking factor. For example, if a plant has a peaking factor of 3 : 1 , the settling rate within clarifier 36 is three times the primary settling rate during peak conditions. It is not uncommon for physical-chemical clarifiers (Fig. 2) to function with clarification rise rates 10-20 times these conservative rates-and achieve excellent clarified water quality.
- Another benefit of the invention lies in the passing of this better quality clarified effluent to the biological processes downstream, in one embodiment of the invention.
- typical primary clarification may produce a 150 mg/L BOD/150 mg/L TSS effluent
- the invention may produce effluent qualities to as low as about 50/15 mg/L, respectively.
- This better clarifier effluent is then sent on for biological treatment. If the biological processes downstream cannot hydraulically accept a certain higher level of flow, a portion of the effluent may be diverted around the biological processes within the plant as shown in Fig. 8. At its worst, the quality of this bypass stream is equal to that achieved in a side stream high rate physical-chemical clarification system.
- Fig. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, fundamental aspects of which are also shown in Fig.6.
- the apparatus in Fig. 10 includes a reactor 46 connected to a clarifier 36 by way of conduit 76.
- the reactor 46/clarif ⁇ er 36 arrangement also has a conduit 62 through which ballast generated in clarifier 36 is recirculated toward conduit 50 and back to reactor 46. This process is facilitated through a pump 81 and valve 80. Ballast can also be removed from the system altogether by way of valve 78, [0044]
- Unconditioned influent is channeled into reactor 46 by way of conduit 54.
- Conduit 54 connects in this embodiment to the base of clarifier 46 and also connects to chemical supply conduit 102 and flocculant supply conduit 104.
- Conduit 102 contains a valve 106, while conduit 104 contains a valve 108 to control the supply of chemicals such as coagulants and/or flocculants to conduit 54 and thence to the reactor 46.
- Valves 106 and 108 are also preferably connected to controller 100, although they can be operated individually and/or manually s desired.
- valves 106 and 108 are opened so that chemicals and/or flocculant can enter conduit 54 by way of conduits 102 and 104, respectively.
- Agitator 70 is actuated to facilitate thorough mixing of influent, chemicals and/or flocculant. It is further preferable that ballast generated within clarifier 36 be channeled into reactor 46.
- valve 80 is opened, pump 81 actuated and ballast recirculates through conduit 50 and into clarifier 46, whereby it is mixed with influent, chemicals and/or flocculant prior to passing back to clarifier 36 by way of conduit 76.
- ballast While it is advantageous to utilize a controller 100 system, preferably wherein the controller is a computer, it is possible that the respective valves, pumps and agitator motors be controlled individually and be actuated by hand. In all cases, it is not necessary for ballast to be supplied from alternate sources. Ballast such as microsand or the like need not be supplied from exterior sources. Ballast generated within clarifier 36, without the need for externally supplied ballast, has surprisingly been found to facilitate the process. [0047] There are also start-up and shutdown advantages associated with the invention. Unlike a high rate clarification system operating in a bypass mode, the invention is always in a state of operation.
- Ballast generated within clarifier 36 is already available for recirculation into the reactor because the clarification zone has been operating as a conventional clarifier.
- ballast such as microsand, for example, from outside.
- start up of the unit for peak capacity is substantially immediate.
- An operator simply re-routs the flow back to the clarifier, and drains down the reactor or, depending on the embodiment, simply shuts off the chemicals/flocculants.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002342531A AU2002342531A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-09 | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/833,289 | 2001-04-12 | ||
US09/833,289 US6383370B1 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2001-04-12 | Apparatus for treating wastewater |
PCT/US2001/028551 WO2002024579A1 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2001-09-13 | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater |
USPCT/US01/28551 | 2001-09-13 | ||
US10/073,500 US20030150817A1 (en) | 2002-02-11 | 2002-02-11 | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater |
US10/073,500 | 2002-02-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002092515A2 true WO2002092515A2 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
WO2002092515A3 WO2002092515A3 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
Family
ID=27359109
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2002/010972 WO2002092515A2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-09 | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2002342531A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002092515A2 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0382340A1 (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-08-16 | Zimpro Environmental, Inc. | Two-stage anaerobic/aerobic wastewater treatment process |
DE4333579A1 (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-04-06 | Nalco Chemical Co | Process for controlling amounts of chemical auxiliaries and flocculating agents in dependence on an on-line mass/solid measurement for clarification and dewatering processes of all types, and plant for carrying out the process |
JP2001079562A (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Yard wastewater treatment method for removing suspended solid(ss) |
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 AU AU2002342531A patent/AU2002342531A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-09 WO PCT/US2002/010972 patent/WO2002092515A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0382340A1 (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-08-16 | Zimpro Environmental, Inc. | Two-stage anaerobic/aerobic wastewater treatment process |
DE4333579A1 (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-04-06 | Nalco Chemical Co | Process for controlling amounts of chemical auxiliaries and flocculating agents in dependence on an on-line mass/solid measurement for clarification and dewatering processes of all types, and plant for carrying out the process |
JP2001079562A (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Yard wastewater treatment method for removing suspended solid(ss) |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 20, 10 July 2001 (2001-07-10) & JP 2001 079562 A (NIPPON STEEL CORP), 27 March 2001 (2001-03-27) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002092515A3 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
AU2002342531A1 (en) | 2002-11-25 |
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