WO2002079852A1 - Systeme de modulation de lumiere faisant appel a des reseaux de miroirs deformables - Google Patents

Systeme de modulation de lumiere faisant appel a des reseaux de miroirs deformables Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002079852A1
WO2002079852A1 PCT/KR2001/000524 KR0100524W WO02079852A1 WO 2002079852 A1 WO2002079852 A1 WO 2002079852A1 KR 0100524 W KR0100524 W KR 0100524W WO 02079852 A1 WO02079852 A1 WO 02079852A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
array
deformable
deformable mirror
input
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2001/000524
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yoon-Joong Yong
Original Assignee
Yoon-Joong Yong
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yoon-Joong Yong filed Critical Yoon-Joong Yong
Priority to PCT/KR2001/000524 priority Critical patent/WO2002079852A1/fr
Publication of WO2002079852A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002079852A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
    • G02B6/3566—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details involving bending a beam, e.g. with cantilever
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
    • G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
    • G02B6/3518—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror the reflective optical element being an intrinsic part of a MEMS device, i.e. fabricated together with the MEMS device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/3554—3D constellations, i.e. with switching elements and switched beams located in a volume
    • G02B6/3556—NxM switch, i.e. regular arrays of switches elements of matrix type constellation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
    • G02B6/3584—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details constructional details of an associated actuator having a MEMS construction, i.e. constructed using semiconductor technology such as etching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light modulating system; and, more particularly, to an optical switching system for use in the light modulating system, wherein the optical switch provides 2-axes switching capability from fiber to fiber with deformable mirror arrays.
  • Switching systems are well known in the communications field. In the telecommunications field the switching systems are used to route calls from point to point. In this regard, the switching systems may be embodied in a central office (CO) or an exchange, and such switching systems are often utilized for routing signals. Thus, a signal from a caller at a first endpoint passes through a local exchange (or central office) and perhaps several other intermediate exchanges, in route to the destination or called endpoint.
  • CO central office
  • exchange or central office
  • wavelength division multiplexing offers a practical solution for multiplexing many high-speed channels at different optical carrier frequencies and transmitting them over a common fiber.
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexing
  • WDM is conceptually similar to frequency division multiplexing in the electrical domain, except that a plurality of optical signals (of differing wavelength) are communicated through a common optical fiber.
  • a significant limitation, however, to switching systems is observed at an exchange. When certain signals from incoming optical trunks are switched, or routed, to output trunks, these systems require an optical-electrical-optical conversion. This results in decreasing both the speed and traffic-handling capacity of networks as well as increasing the operational cost associated with the conversion process.
  • a reflective surface is supported by a flexible hinge or flange over addressing circuitry having two electrodes with a gap intervening therebetween, which is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,774,604, and entitled "USING AN ASYMMETRIC ELEMENT TO CREATE A 1 x N OPTICAL SWITCH".
  • a stepped offset mirror is equipped and the position of the reflected beam becomes adjustable with more than one state, in such a way that the structure becomes a 1 x N switch.
  • Another method is shown in U.S. Patent No. 5,208,880, entitled “MICRODYNAMICAL FIBER-OPTIC SWITCH AND METHOD OF SWITCHING USING SAME".
  • a mirror is mechanically coupled to a meander piezoelectric actuator by an actuating arm such that the mirror is displaced along a mirror displacement path in correspondence to deflection of the meander piezoelectric actuator.
  • 1 x N optical switch the mirror is oriented at substantially 45 degrees such that light reflecting path is substantially perpendicular to incident light.
  • the structures only enable a 1 x N switching capability. In other words, the methods using the above structures fail to provide switching capability in case that 2-axes switching is required for utilizing a multiple input channel. Disclosure of Invention
  • an object of the present invention to provide an optical switching system for obtaining 2- axes switching capability from fiber to fiber by using arrays of M x N deformable mirrors, wherein M and N are predetermined integers.
  • an optical switching system comprising: an input part for receiving optical signals from outside; at least two modulators, each of the modulators being involved in modulating one-directional optical paths of the optical signals; and an output part for routing the optical signals to outside.
  • an optical switching system comprising: an input part including an array of input optical fibers, each of input optical fibers being disposed to receive an optical signal from outside; a first modulator, for determining a first-directional address of the optical signal, including an array of first deformable mirrors and a first reflector; a second modulator, for determining a second-directional address of the optical signal, including an array of second deformable mirrors and a second reflector; and an output part including an array of output optical fibers, each of the output optical fibers disposed to transmit the optical signal to outside.
  • an optical switching system comprising: an input part including an array of M x N input optical fibers, each of input optical fibers being disposed to receive an optical signal from outside; a first modulator, for determining a first-directional address of the optical signal, including an array of M x N first deformable mirrors and an array of M x N first compensating deformable mirrors; a second modulator, for determining a second-directional address of the optical signal, including an array of M x N second deformable mirrors; and an output part including an array of M x N output optical fibers and an array of M x N second image lenses, each of the output optical fibers disposed to transmit the optical signal to outside and each of the imaging lenses collimating the optical signal onto an output optical fiber, wherein M and N are predetermined integers, respectively.
  • an optical switching system comprising: an input/output part including an array of M x N input optical fibers and an array of M x N image lenses, each of the input/output optical fibers being disposed to receive an optical signal and transmit it to outside; a first modulator, for determining a first- directional address of the optical signal, including an array of M x N first deformable mirrors and an array of M x N first compensating deformable mirrors; and a second modulator, for determining a second-directional address of the optical signal, including an array of M x N second deformable mirrors and an array of M x N second compensating deformable mirrors, wherein M and N are predetermined integers, respectively.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view setting forth a deformable mirror incorporated in an optical switching system in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view illustrating an optical switching system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 offers a schematic view depicting an optical switching system in accordance with s second embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 represents a schematic view portraying an optical switching system in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • An inventive optical switching system comprises an input part including an array of M x N input optical fibers, a first modulator including one or more arrays of M x N first deformable mirrors, a second modulator including one or more arrays of M x N second deformable mirrors, and an output part including an array of M x N output optical fibers, wherein M and N are predetermined integers, respectively.
  • Each of the input optical fibers having an address corresponds to a first deformable mirror having the same address by one to one basis and, hence, a second deformable mirror and an output optical fiber, wherein the term "address" indicates a position in the array determined by an ordinal in each of a first and a second direction, e.g., row and column, the first and the second direction being not parallel to each other.
  • Each of the input optical fibers in the input part is disposed to receive an optical signal from outside and to transmit it to the first modulator.
  • the first modulator determines a first-directional address of the optical signals by using the array of M x N first deformable mirrors and then transmits the optical signals to the second modulator.
  • the second modulator determines a second-directional address of the optical signals by using the array of M x N second deformable mirrors and then transmits the optical signals to the array of M x N output optical signals.
  • Each of the output optical fibers in the output part transmits the optical signal to outside.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view setting forth a deformable mirror 50 incorporated in the optical switching system in accordance with the present invention.
  • the deformable mirror 50 includes a substrate 10, a supporter 20, a piezoelectric actuator 30 and a mirror 40.
  • the substrate 10 has a first and a second connecting terminal 12, 14 which are connected to an electrical circuit (not shown) to receive an electrical signal.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 30 is cantilevered from the substrate 10 with one side thereof being affixed to the supporter 20 and another opposite side being apart from the substrate 10.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 30 has a first and a second electrode 31, 35, a first and a second motion-inducing layer 32, 34 made of a piezoelectric material, and an intermediated electrode 33, wherein the first and the second electrode 31, 35 are electrically connected to the first and the second connecting terminal 12, 14, respectively, thereby each functioning as a signal electrode, and the intermediate electrode 33 is electrically connected to ground, thereby functioning as a bias electrode.
  • the mirror 40 is attached to top of the piezoelectric actuator 30.
  • the first motion-inducing layer 32 is continuously expanded or retracted according to the electrical field formed between the first electrode 31 and the intermediate electrode 33, (?:"," inserted) but the second motion-inducing layer 34 still remains same, resulting in the piezoelectric actuator 30 being deformed upwardly or downwardly.
  • the second motion-inducing layer 34 is continuously expanded or retracted according to the electrical field formed between the second electrode 35 and the intermediate electrode 33, but the first motion- inducing layer 32 still remains same, resulting in the piezoelectric actuator 30 being deformed downwardly or upwardly.
  • Other deformable mirrors that can be employed in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,661,611, 5,760,947 and 5,835,293, assigned by DAEWOO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
  • An optical switching system 100 comprises an input part 110 including an array 112 of M x N input optical fibers 114 and an array 116 of M x N image lenses 118, a first modulator 120 including an array 122 of M x N first deformable mirrors 124 and a first reflector 126, a second modulator 130 including an array 132 of M x N second deformable mirrors 134 and a second reflector 136, and an output part 140 including an array 142 of M x N output optical fibers 144, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • An element in each of arrays 112, 116, 122, 132 and 142 has an address determined by an ordinal in each of a first and a second direction, wherein the first direction is parallel to a Y- Z plane defined in an XYZ coordinate system as shown in Fig. 2 while the second direction is normal to the Y-Z plane .
  • the input optical fiber arrays 112 is disposed to receive optical signals from outside and to transmit them to the first deformable mirror array 122.
  • the image lens array 116 is installed between the input optical fiber array 112 and the first deformable mirror array 122, each of the image lens 118 in the array 116 collimating an optical signal from a corresponding input optical fiber 114 to a corresponding first deformable mirror 124.
  • the first deformable mirror array 122 is slanted to face both the input optical fiber array 112 and the second deformable mirror array 132.
  • Each of the first deformable mirrors 124 is cantilevered with an actuating side extending from an affixed opposite side along with the first direction.
  • the first reflector 126 is installed apart from and parallel to the first deformable mirror array 122.
  • the second deformable mirror array 132 is inclined to face both the first deformable mirror array 122 and the output optical fiber array 142.
  • Each of the second deformable mirrors 134 is cantilevered with an actuating side extending from an affixed opposite side along with the second direction.
  • the second reflector 136 is installed apart from and parallel to the second deformable mirror array 132.
  • the output optical fiber array 142 is disposed to transmit the optical signals to outside.
  • the following description represents modulations of the optical path of an optical signal in accordance with this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical signal in an input optical fiber 114 having an address (P x Q) is transmitted to a first deformable mirror 124 having the same address (P x Q) via an imaging lens 118 of address (P x Q) , wherein P and Q are integers equal to or smaller than M and N, respectively.
  • the optical signal is reflected to a (P x Q) second deformable mirror 134 of the second modulator 130.
  • the optical signal is transmitted to another first deformable mirror 124 having a different address (P' x Q) via the first reflector 126 and then reflected from a (P' x Q) first deformable mirror 124 to a (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 134 of the second modulator 130, wherein the (P' x Q) first deformable mirror 124 also sets in an excited state so as to compensate an incident angle difference between the optical signal transmitted from (P' x Q) input optical fiber 114 and that from the (P x Q) first deformable mirror 124.
  • the former optical signal is reflected from the (P x Q) second deformable mirror 134 setting in the ground state to a (P x Q) output optical fiber 144 of the output part 140.
  • the latter optical signal is transmitted from the (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 134 setting in an excited state to other (P' x 0/ ) second deformable mirror
  • (P' x Q' ) output optical fiber 144 in the output part 140 wherein the (P' x 0/ ) second deformable mirror 134 also sets in an excited state in order to compensate an incident angle difference between the optical signal transmitted from (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 134 and that from the (P' x 0/ ) first deformable mirror 124.
  • the optical signal is then routed from the output optical fiber to outside.
  • An optical switching system 200 comprises an input/output part 210 including an array 212 of M x N input/output optical fibers 214 and an array 216 of M x N image lenses 218, a first modulator 220 including an array 222 of M x N first deformable mirrors 224 and an array 226 of M x N first compensating deformable mirrors 228, and a second modulator 230 including an array 232 of M x N second deformable mirrors 234, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the optical switching system 200 of this embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment except for the integration of the input part 110 and the output part 140, the employment of the first compensating deformable mirror array 226 instead of the first reflector 126 and the removal of the second reflector 136.
  • Each of the first compensating deformable mirrors 228 is cantilevered with an actuating side extending from an affixed opposite side along with the first direction similar to the first deformable mirror 224.
  • a modulation of an optical path for an optical signal from an input/output optical fiber 214 having an address (P x Q) to another input/output optical fiber 214 having a different address (P' x Q" ) is described as follows in accompanying with Fig.3.
  • the optical signal from the (P x Q) input/output optical fiber 214 is collimated onto a (P x Q) first deformable mirror 224 of the first modulator 220 by using a (P x Q) first image lens 218.
  • the optical signal is reflected from an excited (P x Q) first deformable mirror 224 to an excited (P' x Q) first compensating deformable mirror 228 in the first modulator 220 and then transmitted to a (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 234 of the second modulator 230, wherein the first deformable mirror 224 is utilized to change the first- directional address of the optical signal and the first compensating deformable mirror 228 is involved in compensating an incident angle difference between the optical signal transmitted from the (P x Q) first deformable mirror 224 and that from the (P' x Q) first deformable mirror 224.
  • the optical signal is transmitted from the excited (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 234 to a (P' x 0/ ) input/output optical fiber 244 of the input/output part 240 via a (P' x Q' ) second image lens 248, wherein although the optical signal is transmitted askance to the input/output part 210, the second image lens 248 collimates the optical signal to a corresponding optical fiber 244.
  • An optical switching system 300 comprises an input part 310 including an array 312 of M x N input optical fibers 314 and an array 316 of M x N first image lens 318, a first modulator 320 including an array 322 of M x N first deformable mirrors 324 and an array 326 of M x N first compensating deformable mirrors 328, a second modulator 330 including an array 332 of M x N second deformable mirrors 334 and an array 336 of M x N second compensating deformable mirrors 338, and an output part 340 including an array 342 of M x N output optical fibers 344 and an array 346 of M x N second image lenses 348, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the optical switching system 300 of this embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment except that the first and the second compensating deformable mirror array 326, 336 are employed in the first and the second modulator 320, 330, respectively, instead of the first and the second reflector 126, 136.
  • a transmission of an optical signal from a (P x Q) input optical fiber 314 to a (P' x 0/ ) output optical fiber 344 is described as follows with reference to Fig. 4.
  • the optical signal is collimated to a (P x Q) first deformable mirror 324 by using a (P x Q) first image lens 318.
  • the optical signal is reflected from the (P x Q) first deformable mirror 324 to a (P' x Q) first compensating deformable mirror 328 and then transmitted to a (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 334.
  • the optical signal is reflected from the (P' x Q) second deformable mirror 334 to a (P' x 0/ ) second compensating deformable mirror 338 and then transmitted to the (P' x Q' ) output optical fiber 344 via a (P' x Q' ) image lens 348.
  • the invention provides the 2-axes switching capability of the optical signal by utilizing one-directional modulator twice, each being involved in determining one-directional address of the optical signal, which will, in turns, achieve all-switching capability between multiple optical channels from fiber to fiber.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de commutation optique (100) permettant de moduler des trajets optiques bidirectionnels de signaux optiques de fibre à fibre. Le système de commutation optique comprend un réseau (112) de fibres optique d'entrée (114) permettant de recevoir les signaux optiques provenant de l'extérieur, un réseau (122) de premiers miroirs déformables (124) permettant de moduler des premiers trajets optiques directionnels de signaux optiques et un réseau (132) de seconds miroirs déformables (134) permettant de moduler des seconds trajets optiques directionnels de signaux optiques, et un réseau (142) de fibres optiques de sortie (144) permettant d'acheminer les signaux optiques vers l'extérieur. Chaque signal optique passe d'une fibre optique d'entrée (114) à une fibre optique de sortie de destination (144), par le biais d'un premier (124) et d'un second miroir déformable (134). Ledit système de commutation optique offre la possibilité d'une commutation sur deux axes du signal optique en faisant appel deux fois à un modulateur unidirectionnel, chaque axe permettant de déterminer une adresse unidirectionnelle du signal optique, qui à son tour, peut être entièrement commutable entre plusieurs canaux optiques de fibre à fibre.
PCT/KR2001/000524 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Systeme de modulation de lumiere faisant appel a des reseaux de miroirs deformables WO2002079852A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2001/000524 WO2002079852A1 (fr) 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Systeme de modulation de lumiere faisant appel a des reseaux de miroirs deformables

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PCT/KR2001/000524 WO2002079852A1 (fr) 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Systeme de modulation de lumiere faisant appel a des reseaux de miroirs deformables

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105829946A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2016-08-03 华为技术有限公司 微电机系统光开关和交换节点

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0525395A1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1993-02-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Dispositif et méthode de commutation optique
US5345521A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-09-06 Texas Instrument Incorporated Architecture for optical switch
US5444801A (en) * 1994-05-27 1995-08-22 Laughlin; Richard H. Apparatus for switching optical signals and method of operation
EP0932066A1 (fr) * 1998-01-24 1999-07-28 Mitel Corporation Dispositif de commutation de points de connexion optique à micromiroir déformable

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0525395A1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1993-02-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Dispositif et méthode de commutation optique
US5345521A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-09-06 Texas Instrument Incorporated Architecture for optical switch
US5444801A (en) * 1994-05-27 1995-08-22 Laughlin; Richard H. Apparatus for switching optical signals and method of operation
EP0932066A1 (fr) * 1998-01-24 1999-07-28 Mitel Corporation Dispositif de commutation de points de connexion optique à micromiroir déformable

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105829946A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2016-08-03 华为技术有限公司 微电机系统光开关和交换节点
EP3217207A4 (fr) * 2014-11-05 2017-11-22 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Commutateur optique pour système de micromoteur, et noeud d'échange
US10061087B2 (en) 2014-11-05 2018-08-28 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Micro-electro-mechanical system optical switch and switching node

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