WO2002072985A1 - Mecanisme de verrouillage de porte - Google Patents

Mecanisme de verrouillage de porte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002072985A1
WO2002072985A1 PCT/GB2002/001101 GB0201101W WO02072985A1 WO 2002072985 A1 WO2002072985 A1 WO 2002072985A1 GB 0201101 W GB0201101 W GB 0201101W WO 02072985 A1 WO02072985 A1 WO 02072985A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
latch
door
locking mechanism
coupling member
spindle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2002/001101
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Heeley
Philip David Jones
Original Assignee
Peter Heeley
Philip David Jones
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peter Heeley, Philip David Jones filed Critical Peter Heeley
Priority to EP02716903A priority Critical patent/EP1370739A1/fr
Publication of WO2002072985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002072985A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B13/00—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used
    • E05B13/002—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used locking the handle
    • E05B13/004—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used locking the handle by locking the spindle, follower, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
    • E05B15/004—Lost motion connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B1/00—Knobs or handles for wings; Knobs, handles, or press buttons for locks or latches on wings
    • E05B2001/0076—The handle having at least two operating positions, e.g. the bolt can be retracted by moving the handle either upwards or downwards

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a locking mechanism for use with a door, window or other closure member which has a latch mechanism for latching the closure member in its closed position and which is released to enable opening of the closure member by actuation of a handle.
  • a closure member will be simply referred to as a door.
  • the invention relates to a locking mechanism which is installed on one side of the door and can be actuated by turning of a handle on the opposite side of the door so as to prohibit the door from being opened by turning of a door handle associated with the locking mechanism.
  • an unsprung basic lever handle is fitted to either side of the door.
  • either handle On closing the door, either handle can be lifted through 45 degrees from a horizontal position to cause a series of bolts and latches to project from the door frame and engage the door jam. The handle is then returned to the horizontal position. To retract the bolts and latches either handle is pulled downwards in the normal manner to open the door. The door only becomes locked when, after the bolts and latches have been actuated or thrown, a key is turned to operate a deadbolt mechanism. This prevents either handle from being moved downwards. Hence, the only means of opening the door is with a key to deactivate the deadlock. Such locking devices are used primarily on rear doors of buildings.
  • Another type of door locking mechanism is similar to the above except that the handle on the outside of the door is paddle shaped and does not operate the single latch which keeps the door closed in the normal unlocked position.
  • the lever handle on the inside is identical in operation to either handle of the above described mechanism.
  • the outside handle is associated with a sprung door latch which then has to be deadlocked with a key.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a locking mechanism for use with a door which enables the door to be locked from one side, by actuation of a door handle on that side of the door, so as to prohibit the door from being opened by turning of the door handle on the opposite side.
  • the invention consists in a locking mechanism for use with a door latch mechanism having a latch spindle which is turnable to release the door latch, comprising locking means adapted to be actuated in response to turning of the latch spindle in one direction so as to lock a coupling member for connecting a door handle to the latch spindle against turning and thereby prevent the coupling means from turning the latch spindle to release the latch mechanism, whereafter the locking means is releasable by turning the latch spindle in the opposite direction.
  • a first handle of a door may be secured to one end of the latch spindle of a conventional latch mechanism in the normal way and the locking mechanism according to the present invention is installed on the opposite side of the door with the second handle.
  • the opposite end of the latch spindle is connected to the coupling member of the locking mechanism such that either door handle may be turned to release the latch mechanism.
  • the invention provides that the first handle may be turned in the one direction, opposite to the direction for releasing the latch mechanism so as to turn the latch spindle and actuate the locking means which locks the coupling member against turning and thereby prevents the opposite handle from turning the latch spindle to release the latch mechanism.
  • the coupling member is adapted to be fitted to the latch spindle with a predetermined degree of rotational freedom relative to the latch spindle so that the latch spindle is turnable by the coupling member when the latter is turned by its associated handle in a direction to release the latch mechanism but is, itself, turnable relative to the coupling member.
  • the locking means is controlled by cam means which is turnable in response to turning of the latch spindle in the direction opposite to that which releases the latch mechanism to permit the locking means to engage and lock the coupling member.
  • the locking means includes a slidable locking member controlled by the cam means.
  • the coupling member desirably includes detent means, and the slidable locking member is engagable with the detent means for preventing the coupling member from turning the latch spindle.
  • the coupling member may be in the form of a bush having a passageway by which the bush is fitted to the latch spindle, this passageway having an internal profile such that the bush is turnable by the latch spindle, when the latch spindle is turned in said one direction, and the latch spindle is turnable relative to the bush through a predetermined sector when the latch spindle is turned in said opposite direction.
  • the cam means may be profiled to prevent the slidable locking member from engaging the detent means when the cam means is turned in said opposite direction whilst permitting the slidable locking member to engage the detent means when turned in said one direction.
  • the cam means may have a recess which permits the slidable locking member to move into engagement with the detent means.
  • the recess may have at least one inclined side for easing the locking member, when engaged in the recess, from the recess when the cam means is turned in the opposite direction.
  • the cam means may have a central passageway by which the cam means is fitted to the latch spindle and which has an internal profile enabling the cam means to turn with the latch spindle, when the spindle is turned in said one direction, and the latch spindle to turn relatively to the cam means when the latch spindle is turned in said opposite direction.
  • the method of operation of a door fitted on one side with the locking mechanism and on the opposite side with a, standard handle may be as follows. On raising the first or standard handle through 45 degrees the latch mechanism's bolts and latches are thrown out into the locking position and the handles return to the horizontal. At this stage now the handle of the locking mechanism cannot be moved downwards and can only freewheel 45 degrees upwards moving no mechanism. The door cannot therefore be opened from the locking mechanism side and is highly secured with its locking latches and bolts in place. To open the door from the opposite side, the standard handle is simply moved downwards in the normal manner which retracts all bolts and latches and resets the handle of the locking mechanism to the unlocked mode. The door can now be opened from the one side. To lock the door from the one side, the handle of the locking mechanism is lifted through 90 degrees as opposed to 45 degrees. The handle returns to the horizontal position and a key is turned to deadlock the mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism can be easily attached to one side of a door, replacing any existing door handle arrangement on that side of the door.
  • the door handle arrangement on the other side of the door need not be changed.
  • a lockable handle embodying the locking mechanism for a bathroom is preferably on the outside of the bathroom door and fits over the end of the latch spindle.
  • the internal handle is a plain handle with a square latch spindle drive than can move either up or down through 45 degrees. Lifting the internal handle through 45 degrees locks the outside handle. Both handles then remain at the raised 45 degree position so giving a visual indication internally and externally that the door is locked. On pulling the internal handle down the locking mechanism is released and the door returns to normal.
  • the coupling member includes cam means for controlling the locking means which engages a locking member fixed to the latch spindle.
  • the coupling member is adapted to be fitted to the latch spindle with a predetermined degree of rotational freedom relative to the latch spindle so that the coupling member is turnable relative to the latch spindle when the former is turned by its associated handle in a direction to permit the locking means to engage and lock the locking member but is, itself, turnable by the latch spindle.
  • the locking means can only be released by turning of the coupling member.
  • the invention also consists in a locking mechanism for use with a door latch mechanism having a latch spindle which is turnable to release the door latch, comprising locking means adapted to be actuated in response to turning of a door handle associated with the latch mechanism or a handle on the opposite side of the door in one direction so as to lock the latch spindle against turning and thereby prevent the latch spindle from releasing the latch mechanism, whereafter the locking means is releasable by turning the door handle associated with the latch mechanism in the opposite direction.
  • Figure 1 is a rear elevationai view of one embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along lines 2-2 of Figure 1 ;
  • FIGS 3 to 10 illustrate details of the locking device of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 11 is a rear elevationai view of another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 12 is a sectional view taken along lines 12-12 of Figure 11;
  • FIGS 13 to 16 illustrate details of the locking device of Figure 11 ;
  • Figures 17 and 18 illustrate modifications to the locking device of Figure 11 ;
  • Figure 19 is a rear elevationai view of yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 20 to 23 illustrate details of the locking device of Figure 19.
  • the embodiments of the invention described with reference to Figures 1 to 18 are designed for fitting to a conventional latch mechanism having a latch spindle or bar for operating the mechanism projecting through opposite sides of the door.
  • the latch bar is of square cross section and a normal first door handle with a plain square drive is fixed to the end of the latch bar on the inside of the door and the locking mechanism of the present invention is fitted to the end of the latch bar on the outside of the door.
  • the first handle, or a handle of the locking mechanism is turned in one direction, the resulting turning of the latch bar releases the latch mechanism to permit opening of the door.
  • the first handle is turned in the opposite direction it actuates the locking mechanism on the opposite side of the door, via the door latch bar, in order to lock the handle of the locking mechanism to prohibit release of the latch mechanism and opening of the door from the opposite side.
  • FIGS 1 to 10 of the accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention which is particularly designed for use in conjunction with espagnolette type latches, as used in UPVC and some aluminium doors.
  • the locking mechanism 1 comprises a housing 2 in which is joumalled a lock and drive bush 3 which is fitted to the adjacent end of the latch bar of the latch mechanism and which is best illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the bush 3 comprises a shaft portion 4 having stepped flanges 5,6 on its inner end.
  • the shaft portion 4 and the first flange 5 have diametrically opposite flats 7 formed on their peripheries.
  • the innermost flange 6 has an arcuate slot or detent 8 in its periphery.
  • the shaft portion 4 of the bush projects through a suitable journal 9 in the housing 2 and the bush is retained in position in the journal by an external washer 10 and the first flange 5 at the inner end of the shaft portion.
  • a lever handle 11 on the outside of the door has its hub 12 coupled to the projecting end of the shaft portion 4 by complementary flats 13 of a hole 14 in the hub engaging the flats 7 of the shaft portion and it is secured to the shaft portion by a machine screw 15 threaded into the adjacent end of the shaft portion.
  • the diametrically opposite flats 7 on the flange 5 are engaged by a spring mechanism 16 (see particularly Figures 5 and 6) which indexes the bush in a rest position in which the lever handle 11 is generally horizontal, as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the lock and drive bush 3 has a passageway 17 extending from its inner end for fitting on to the adjacent projecting end of the latch bar.
  • This passageway has a specially designed internal profile comprising axially extending ribs 18 and grooves 19 which are arranged so as to enable the bush to have a predetermined degree of rotational freedom relative to the latch bar, whereby the bush is in engagement with and can be turned by the square section latch bar, when the latch bar is turned in the clockwise direction, as illustrated in Figure 1, and can also turn in the anti-clockwise direction relative to the bush over a predetermined arc of movement.
  • the axial ribs 18 and grooves 19 of the shaft are equally spaced about the internal cross section of the bush each of the grooves, in cross section, having an arcuate periphery of a diameter substantially corresponding to the length of the diagonal of the square section latch spindle.
  • the internal apices of diametrically opposite ribs are spaced apart by a distance substantially equal to the lengths of the sides of the square section.
  • an annular cam 20 Disposed in the housing 2, adjacent the inner end of the lock and drive bush 3, is an annular cam 20 which is best illustrated in Figure 7 and 8.
  • the cam has a collar 21 projecting from its end opposite the bush and rotatably mounted in a suitable journal 22 in a back or base plate 23 attached to the housing.
  • the cam has a central aperture 24 with an internal cross section similar to that of the passageway 17 of the bush 3. It is biased towards the rest position illustrated in Figure 1 by means of a spring loaded pin 25 mounted on the back plate 23 (see Figure 9) and offset from the journal 22, the pin resiliently engaging an indentation 64 in the periphery of the cam 20.
  • the guide 26 is in the form of a channel or guide slot which is formed on the inside of the back plate 23 and is radially disposed with respect to the axis of the latch bar.
  • the guide mounts a locking bar or member 27 which is slidable radially in the channel.
  • the locking bar is retained the guide slot by a separator plate 34 on the opposite side of the slot to the back plate 23.
  • the locking bar is spring biased by a compression spring 65 towards the bush 3 and the cam 20.
  • the cam has a cam surface 28 formed on its periphery for controlling movement of the locking bar.
  • the locking bar has a cam follower portion 29 in engagement with the cam surface 28 and the latter includes a camming recess 30 which, when the bush and cam are turned to a predetermined locking position, permits the locking bar 27 to engage the arcuate slot 8 in the lock and drive bush 3.
  • the camming recess has inclined or ramped sides 31 to facilitate disengaging the locking bar with the arcuate slot 8 in the bush.
  • the first or internal handle has a normal plain square drive.
  • both the lock and drive bush 3 and the cam 20 are rotated accordingly until the position of the 45 degrees is reached.
  • the profile of the cam allows the locking bar 27 to advance down in its guiding slot on the back plate 23 into the arcuate slot 8 on the periphery of the lock and drive bush.
  • the movement of the latch spindle has now operated the mechanism of the espagnolette lock and throw out the locking bolts or hooks and levers.
  • the handle returns to the horizontal position with the locking bar 27 still advanced into the radial slot.
  • the cam remains in position by means of the force of the compression spring 65 acting on the cam and overpowering the spring action of the spring loaded pin 25.
  • the external handle can now move no further downwards as it is restrained by the locking bar.
  • An indicator on the internal handle gives a clearly visible indication that the external handle is locked.
  • the internal handle In moving the internal handle down the external handle remains stationary with the latch spindle freewheeling inside the specially shaped bore of the lock and bush drive. The spindle does however drive the cam whose profile raises the locking bar under the action of the spring mechanism.
  • the handle is first moved up through 45 degrees. This is a pure freewheel and ensures that the lock and drive bush 3 is in advance of the cam 20.
  • the spring mechanism 16 ensures that the handle has no "play" in at any time.
  • the handle is then moved a further 45 degrees which drive the latch spindle so working the espagnolette's mechanism.
  • the cam has also now been moved 45 degrees, the locking bar 27 cannot engage in the radial slot as the lock and drive bush 3 is already a further 45 degrees in advance of it.
  • the locking bar 27 is now resting on the outside diameter of the lock and drive bush 3.
  • the spring loaded pin 25 ensures that the cam is always returned in advance of the lock and drive bush therefore preventing the handle from locking out.
  • a key is now turned to operate the deadlock.
  • Figures 11 to 15 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention for use with a bathroom door and is designed for use with a conventional latch mechanism as described earlier.
  • the first embodiment is particularly designed for use in conjunction with espagnolette type latches wherein bolts or hooks and levers are used to lock the door.
  • the second embodiment is particularly designed for use with a latch including a spring loaded bolt which is resiliently urged into a projecting position for engaging a catch on the door frame so as to latch the door in a closed position.
  • the latch bar is coupled to the latch bolt by a conventional latch mechanism which operates to retract or withdraw the latch bolt into a latch casing and disengage it from a cooperating door catch, in response to turning of the latch bar, so as to permit the door to be opened.
  • the locking mechanism 35 is similar to the locking mechanism 1 of the first embodiment, but in this second embodiment, the cam 36 has a central square aperture 37 for engaging the latch bar 38 and the lock and drive bush 39 is attached to a spring 40 connected to the base plate 41 so that the bush is biased towards the rest position shown in Figure 11.
  • the bush also has a notch 42 just wide enough to receive the locking bar 43, the notch replacing the longer arcuate slot of the first embodiment.
  • the internal bore shape in the lock and drive bush which is connected to the handle drives the latch spindle through the 45 degrees required to withdraw the latch allowing the door to be opened.
  • the internal handle has a normal plain square drive.
  • both the handle lock bush 39 and the cam 36 is rotated accordingly until the position of 45 degrees is reached.
  • the profile of the cam allows the locking bar 43 to advance down via its guiding slot on the base plate into the slot on the outside diameter of the handle lock bush.
  • the external handle 45 now cannot be moved.
  • the external handle remains locked until the profile of cam 36 has raised the locking bar 43 out of the slot on the handle lock bush 39.
  • the tension spring 40 then returns the handle to its horizontal position.
  • a latch which will not retract and is locked in the out position on the handle being raised 45 degrees should be used with the bathroom handle to ensure that it is impossible to accidentally lock oneself out.
  • the latch bar 49 projects through the lock and drive bush 50 and the lever handle 51 to expose the distal end of the latch bar in which is provided a slot 52.
  • the outside lever handle 51 can be released from its locked position by means of a coin being inserted into the slot 52 in the protruding end of the latch bar 49 and using the coin to turn the latch bar. This causes the cam 53 to be rotated so as to disengage the locking bar from the notch in the bush 50 releasing the locking mechanism.
  • FIG. 19 to 23 Details of a third embodiment are shown in Figures 19 to 23.
  • the arrangement is the same as the first embodiment except that the lock and drive bush 54 is modified to serve as the control cam for the locking means and the cam is replaced by a rotatable locking member 55.
  • the spring loaded pin 25 is replaced by a cam return torsion spring.
  • the locking member 55 has a central square aperture 56 for engaging the latch bar and a radial slot 57 (which was formerly on the bush 3) for receiving the locking bar.
  • the bush 54 which now comprises the cam, has a recess 58 for receiving the locking bar.
  • the operation of the locking mechanism of the third embodiment differs from the operation of the locking mechanism for the first embodiment, in that the mechanism is designed to lock the first handle by use of the lever handle 59 on the outside of the door. ⁇
  • the lever handle 59 is lifted upwardly from its rest position, in a clockwise direction. In this direction of rotation, because of the design of the ribs 60 of the bush, the lever handle turns relatively to the latch bar 61.
  • the locking member 55 remains unmoved with its radial slot 57 aligned with the locking bar 62.
  • the locking bar is prevented from being urged into engagement with the radial slot 57 by a cam surface formed on the periphery of the bush.
  • the turning of the handle causes the bush recess 58 to move into contact with the spring loaded locking bar 62 enabling the latter to fall into engagement with the radial slot 57 in the locking member 55 thereby locking the latch bar preventing it from being turned by the first handle.
  • the locking mechanism could be easily adjusted to be operated by a left-handed lever arm instead of a right- handed lever arm.
  • the direction of rotation of the lever arm can be reversed to lock or open the door respectively.
  • the lever arm may be replaced by a knob.
  • the components of the locking mechanism may be made of any suitable material.
  • An indication may be provided on the first handle to give a clear visible indication that the opposite handle has been locked.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un mécanisme de verrouillage de porte (1) à utiliser avec un mécanisme de loquetage de porte, présentant une broche de loquetage pouvant être tournée pour provoquer la rétraction d'un pêne demi-tour à ressort. Le mécanisme de verrouillage comprenant un compartiment (2) servant à une fixation sur un côté d'une porte, et à un montage d'un élément de couplage rotatif (3) et d'une came rotative (20) en rapport coaxial. Cette dernière comprend des passages centraux leur permettant de s'accoupler à l'extrémité adjacente d'une broche de loquetage, lorsque le compartiment est fixé sur la porte. L'élément de couplage (3) dépasse du compartiment, face au côté de la porte, et est doté d'une poignée levier. Les passages centraux à la fois de l'élément de couplage et de la came sont conçus pour s'accoupler à la broche de loquetage avec un degré prédéterminé de liberté de rotation par rapport à la broche de loquetage. Ces passages sont contraints de manière élastique dans des positions rotatives prédéterminées les unes par rapport aux autres, par le biais de moyens de ressorts (16, 25). La came (20) est disposée pour commander un élément de verrouillage coulissant (27) qui peut venir en contact avec une fente circonférencielle (8) de l'élément de couplage afin d'empêcher que cet élément ne tourne. Une porte dotée du mécanisme de verrouillage (1) à l'extérieur, peut être verrouillée de l'intérieur afin d'empêcher l'accès depuis l'extérieur. Lorsque la poignée intérieure est tournée en sens opposé au sens de rétraction du pêne demi-tour, elle fait tourner la came (20) par le biais de la broche de loquetage de sorte à libérer l'élément de verrouillage (27) qui vient en contact avec la fente (8) et verrouille l'élément de couplage (3) en contresens, empêchant ainsi la poignée extérieure d'être tournée pour provoquer la rétraction du pêne demi-tour.
PCT/GB2002/001101 2001-03-12 2002-03-12 Mecanisme de verrouillage de porte WO2002072985A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02716903A EP1370739A1 (fr) 2001-03-12 2002-03-12 Mecanisme de verrouillage de porte

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0106052.4 2001-03-12
GB0106052A GB0106052D0 (en) 2001-03-12 2001-03-12 Door locking mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002072985A1 true WO2002072985A1 (fr) 2002-09-19

Family

ID=9910483

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2002/001101 WO2002072985A1 (fr) 2001-03-12 2002-03-12 Mecanisme de verrouillage de porte

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1370739A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0106052D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002072985A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2408774A (en) * 2003-12-06 2005-06-08 Window Fab & Fixing Supplies Lock actuation mechanism comprising latch spindle mounted in cruciform aperture
CN105545093A (zh) * 2016-02-01 2016-05-04 昆山通用锁具有限公司 门锁执手防猫眼开启机构
US20220010589A1 (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-01-13 Cmech (Guangzhou) Ltd. Handle-locking mechanism and door lock using such mechanism

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19651572A1 (de) * 1996-12-10 1998-06-18 Femuk Betriebsberatung Gmbh Fenstergriff mit Betätigungssperre
WO2000071841A1 (fr) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-30 Peter Heeley Dispositif de blocage de porte

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19651572A1 (de) * 1996-12-10 1998-06-18 Femuk Betriebsberatung Gmbh Fenstergriff mit Betätigungssperre
WO2000071841A1 (fr) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-30 Peter Heeley Dispositif de blocage de porte

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2408774A (en) * 2003-12-06 2005-06-08 Window Fab & Fixing Supplies Lock actuation mechanism comprising latch spindle mounted in cruciform aperture
GB2408774B (en) * 2003-12-06 2006-12-20 Window Fab & Fixing Supplies Improved actuation mechanism
CN105545093A (zh) * 2016-02-01 2016-05-04 昆山通用锁具有限公司 门锁执手防猫眼开启机构
US20220010589A1 (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-01-13 Cmech (Guangzhou) Ltd. Handle-locking mechanism and door lock using such mechanism
US11572706B2 (en) * 2020-07-01 2023-02-07 Cmech (Guangzhou) Ltd. Handle-locking mechanism and door lock using such mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0106052D0 (en) 2001-05-02
EP1370739A1 (fr) 2003-12-17

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