WO2002071536A1 - Element d'antenne passive et dispositif de telecommunication sans fil incorporant celui-ci - Google Patents

Element d'antenne passive et dispositif de telecommunication sans fil incorporant celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002071536A1
WO2002071536A1 PCT/US2002/004953 US0204953W WO02071536A1 WO 2002071536 A1 WO2002071536 A1 WO 2002071536A1 US 0204953 W US0204953 W US 0204953W WO 02071536 A1 WO02071536 A1 WO 02071536A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna element
wireless communication
communication device
dielectric substrate
parasitic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/004953
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Adrian Napoles
Lorenzo A. Ponce De Leon
Cris Steven Estanislao
Randall S. Pennington
Original Assignee
Motorola, Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola, Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware filed Critical Motorola, Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware
Publication of WO2002071536A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002071536A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
    • H01Q1/2275—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment associated to expansion card or bus, e.g. in PCMCIA, PC cards, Wireless USB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/005—Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to antennas used with wireless communication devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to a parasitic antenna element that can be incorporated as part of a wireless communication device to improve performance of the wireless communication device's internal antenna system.
  • Wireless communication systems are well known and include various types of systems, such as cellular telephone systems, paging systems, two-way radio systems, personal communication systems, personal area networks, data systems, and various combinations thereof.
  • Such wireless communication systems are known to include a system infrastructure and wireless communication devices constructed and programmed to operate in the respective system.
  • the system infrastructure includes fixed network equipment, such as base transceiver sites, system controllers, switches, routers, communication links, antenna towers, and various other well-known infrastructure components.
  • the wireless communication devices include an antenna system and other well-known elements, such as transmitters, receivers, processors, memory, user interfaces, and user controls.
  • the antenna system of many wireless communication devices typically comprise fixed length or retractable helical antennas. Such antennas are typically very efficient due to their position effectively in free space during operation. However, antenna systems of other wireless communication devices are not generally as efficient.
  • many palmtop computers and PDAs personal digital assistants
  • PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card
  • RF field strength enhancer includes an external antenna element to enhance the efficiency of the internal antenna of a pager.
  • Patent No.5,050,236, entitled Radio Frequency (RF) Field Strength Enhancer which is issued to Colman et al., and assigned to the Assignee of the present invention.
  • the external antenna element of the RF field strength enhancer comprises a discrete inductor in parallel with a tunable capacitor.
  • the inductor and capacitor are attached to a carrying case for the pager. When the pager is inserted into the carrying case, the external antenna element is positioned in close proximity to the internal antenna of the pager, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the overall antenna system.
  • the RF field strength enhancer does enhance the antenna system efficiency in comparison to the efficiency of the internal antenna of the wireless communication device alone, the RF field strength enhancer requires the wireless communication device to be placed in a carrying case to obtain the antenna enhancement.
  • a device located out of the carrying case such as a cellular phone being held by a user during a conversation or a PDA being accessed by its user, does not obtain the antenna efficiency enhancement.
  • the external antenna element includes a tunable impedance that limits the efficiency of the enhancement to a relatively narrow frequency range, thereby requiring manual retuning of the RF field strength enhancer based on the desired operating frequency of the wireless communication device which is being coupled to it. Therefore, a need exists for a parasitic antenna element that can be permanently attached to a wireless communication device that improves the radiation efficiency and/or gain of the wireless communication device's internal antenna system over a relatively broad frequency range without requiring tuning of the parasitic antenna element.
  • FIG. 1 is an electrical block diagram of an exemplary wireless communication device that incorporates a parasitic antenna element in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG.2 is a pattern configuration of conductive traces forming a parasitic antenna element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.3 is a pattern configuration of conductive traces forming a parasitic antenna element in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.4 is a pattern configuration of conductive traces forming a parasitic antenna element in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.5 is a perspective view of a wireless communication device that incorporates a parasitic antenna element in accordance with a preferred embodiment and an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wireless communication device that incorporates a parasitic antenna element in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic representation of the parasitic antenna element and internal antenna depicted in FIGs.5 and 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an attachable parasitic antenna element in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an attachable parasitic antenna element in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an attachable parasitic antenna element in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary graph of normalized antenna efficiency versus frequency for an internal communication device antenna alone and an antenna system that includes both the internal antenna and a parasitic antenna element in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a pattern configuration of conductive traces forming a multi- frequency parasitic antenna element in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGs. 13, 14, 15, and 16 are patterns configurations of conductive traces forming parasitic antenna elements in accordance with alternate embodiments of the present invention.
  • the present invention encompasses a parasitic antenna element and a wireless communication device incorporating the parasitic antenna element.
  • the parasitic antenna element includes a dielectric substrate, such as Mylar or polycarbonate, and a conductive pattern including at least one conductive trace disposed on a surface of the dielectric substrate.
  • the conductive pattern preferably is planar and forms a single electromagnetic loop with overlapping parallel ends that constitute a distributed capacitor for establishing a resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element.
  • the parasitic antenna element is preferably attached to a housing of a wireless communication device or other wireless electronic device in close proximity to an internal antenna or internal antenna element, or other coupling element of the wireless communication device to enable electromagnetic energy to be coupled between the internal antenna element and the parasitic antenna element, thereby enhancing the gain and /or efficiency of the device's overall antenna system over an operating bandwidth of the device relative to such a gain and/or efficiency of the antenna system without such a parasitic antenna element.
  • the present invention provides an easily attachable parasitic antenna element for coupling electromagnetic energy to and /or from communication circuitry within the wireless communication device.
  • the parasitic antenna element serves to enhance the efficiency and /or gain of the antenna system, particularly an antenna system that includes an internal antenna element that, due to size constraints of the internal antenna element or an aperture (e.g., PCMCIA slot) in which the internal antenna element resides, causes the antenna system to be relatively inefficient.
  • the parasitic antenna element of the present invention can be attached to the wireless communication device without requiring a separate carrying case and provides fixed-tuned, broadband enhancement through its inclusion of a distributed capacitor to establish the parasitic antenna element's resonant frequency.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an electrical block diagram of an exemplary wireless communication device 100 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the wireless communication device 100 includes an antenna system 101 which includes a parasitic antenna element 115 and an internal antenna, herein after referred to as an internal antenna element 117, a receiver 103, a processor 105, memory 106, a display 107 or other user interface (e.g., a speaker), and user controls 109.
  • the communication device 100 further includes a transmitter 111 and can also include an antenna switch 113 or a duplexer 113 in the event half-duplex or full-duplex operation, respectively, is desired.
  • the communication device 100 can comprise a two-way mobile or portable radio, a radiotelephone, a one-way or two-way pager, a wireless data terminal (such as a palmtop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or laptop computer that includes a PCMCIA card for wireless communication), or any combination thereof.
  • a wireless data terminal such as a palmtop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or laptop computer that includes a PCMCIA card for wireless communication
  • the receiver 103 is a conventional frequency modulated (FM) receiver for receiving electromagnetic energy (e.g., a radio signal) from the antenna system 100, via the duplexer /antenna switch 113 when so utilized, and for down converting and demodulating the received signal to provide baseband information to the processor 105.
  • the receiver 103 includes well-known components, such as filters, mixers, small-signal amplifiers, a demodulator, and other known elements necessary to receive, down-convert, and demodulate signals in accordance with a communication protocol utilized in the system in which the communication device 100 is operating.
  • the transmitter 111 when used, is also well-known and includes filters, mixers, a modulator, large-signal amplifiers, and other known elements to produce a radio frequency or microwave signal bearing information to be conveyed as electromagnetic energy from the antenna system 101.
  • the processor 105 comprises one or more microprocessors and/or one or more digital signal processors.
  • the memory 106 is coupled to the processor 105 and preferably comprises a read-only memory (ROM), a random-access memory (RAM), a programmable ROM (PROM), and/or an electrically erasable read-only memory (EEPROM).
  • the memory 106 preferably includes multiple memory locations for storing, inter alia, the computer programs executed by the processor 105, the address or addresses assigned to the wireless communication device 100, and information received for later retrieval by a user of the wireless communication device 100.
  • the computer programs are preferably stored in ROM or PROM and direct the processor 105 in controlling the operation of the wireless communication device 100.
  • the address or addresses of the wireless communication device 100 are preferably stored in an EEPROM.
  • the information received for later retrieval is preferably stored in a RAM.
  • the processor 105 is preferably programmed to alert the user of the wireless communication device 100 of the device's receipt and storage of information by way of an alerting device (not shown), such as a conventional vibratory or audible alerting mechanism. Once the user has been alerted, the user can invoke functions accessible through the user controls 109 to review the stored information and respond to it as necessary.
  • the user controls 109 preferably comprise one or more of various known input devices, such as one or more individual switches, a keypad, a touch pad, or a touch screen.
  • the processor 105 directs the stored information or received information, as applicable, to the display 107.
  • the display 107 presents the selected information to the user by way of a conventional liquid crystal display (LCD) or other visual display, or alternatively by way of a conventional audible device (e.g., speaker) for playing out audible messages.
  • the processor 105 can instruct the display 107 to automatically present the user of the wireless communication device 100 with at least a visual indication (e.g., an icon or an icon in combination with a periodic chime) that informs the user that newly received information is stored in the memory 106.
  • a visual indication e.g., an icon or an icon in combination with a periodic chime
  • the novelty of the wireless communication device 100 lies in its use of an antenna system 101 that includes a parasitic antenna element 115 in addition to the internal antenna element 117.
  • the internal antenna element 117 comprises an electromagnetic loop antenna resident on a PCMCIA card that has been inserted into a slot in a housing of the wireless communication device 100.
  • Such an electromagnetic loop antenna typically includes a discrete capacitor (not shown) configured in accordance with known techniques to establish a resonant frequency of the internal antenna element 117.
  • the use of a discrete capacitor limits the bandwidth of the internal antenna element 117.
  • the internal antenna element 117 functions to couple electromagnetic energy that is intercepted between the parasitic antenna element 115 and the internal antenna element 117.
  • FIGs. 5 and 6 depict perspective views of an exemplary housing 501 and various locations of the parasitic antenna element 115 on the housing 501 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the internal antenna element 117 is a relatively inefficient receptor /radiator, especially at frequencies lower than 1 GHZ.
  • the wireless communication device 100 of the present invention includes a parasitic antenna element 115 positioned in close proximity to the internal antenna element 117 (e.g., within the near field region of the internal antenna element 117 or adjacent to the internal antenna element 117).
  • the near field region of an antenna is well known and comprises a radial distance that is generally less than 1/2 wavelength away from the antenna at an operating frequency of the antenna.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 is preferably constructed of a planar conductive pattern printed, deposited, etched, or otherwise disposed on a dielectric substrate, such as Mylar or polycarbonate.
  • the dielectric substrate can be attached to the interior or exterior surface of the wireless communication device housing (e.g., using a known adhesive) in close proximity to the internal antenna element 117 to obtain the desired efficiency enhancement.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 preferably includes a distributed capacitance to adjust the quality factor (Q) and resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 and thereby enable reasonably broadband operation of the parasitic antenna element 115 without the necessity of external tuning. Since in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the parasitic antenna element 115 and the internal antenna element 117 are electromagnetic loop antennas that magnetically couple electromagnetic energy between each other during operation of the wireless communication device 100. Various exemplary locations for the parasitic antenna element 115 on the wireless communication device housing, and various conductive pattern implementations of the parasitic antenna element 115 are described below.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 has a resonant frequency slightly higher than the resonant frequency of the internal antenna element 117.
  • the resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 would be by way of example, 1050 MHz, and the resonant frequency of the internal antenna element 117 is tunable over the 700 MHz to 1000 MHz operating frequency range.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 preferably has a slightly higher resonant frequency than the internal antenna element 117, improved efficiency performance can be obtained for parasitic antenna element resonant frequencies that are greater than or equal to the resonant frequency of the internal antenna element 117.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 is preferably constructed to include distributed capacitance to establish its resonant frequency and keep its Q low relative as compared to the Q of the internal antenna element 117, particularly when the internal antenna element 117 is a typical electromagnetic loop antenna resident on a PCMCIA card. FIGs.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 includes a conductive pattern formed by one or more contiguous conductive traces 202, 204, 206, 208, 210 arranged to form a single electromagnetic loop.
  • trace 202 and trace 210 form the beginning trace and the end trace, respectively, of the single electromagnetic loop and are substantially in parallel with one another and separated by a predetermined distance 212.
  • the overlap between trace 202 and trace 210 form a distributed capacitor which is used to establish the resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115.
  • the magnitude of the distributed capacitor is controlled by the amount of overlap and spacing provided between trace 202 and trace 210 in a manner well known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the widths and lengths of the conductive traces 202, 204, 206, 208, 210 depend upon the thickness and dielectric constant of a dielectric substrate material 201 upon which the traces 202, 204, 206, 208, 210 are disposed or otherwise attached in combination with the housing to which the dielectric substrate material 201 is attached, and the desired input impedance, resonant frequency and bandwidth of the parasitic antenna element 115.
  • a parasitic antenna element 115 constructed as depicted in FIG. 2 and having a resonant frequency of 1000 MHz can provide a gain enhancement of 5 decibels (db) over a 115 MHz bandwidth for a typical PCMCIA card antenna.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 can be used with many different narrowband wireless communication devices to enhance the efficiency and gain of the narrowband wireless communication devices without the necessity of re-tuning the resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 for each narrowband wireless communication device.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 can be configured with a conductive pattern as shown in FIG. 3. Similar to the embodiment of FIG. 2, the conductive pattern of FIG. 3 includes multiple contiguous traces 302, 304 and 306, and 308, 310 and 312 that are arranged to form a single electromagnetic loop on a dielectric substrate 201. However, in contrast to the pattern depicted in FIG.2, the pattern depicted in FIG. 3 includes two or more distributed capacitors formed by two or more sets of parallel traces (e.g., parallel trace 302 and trace 312 forming one capacitor, and parallel trace 306 and trace 308 forming the other capacitor).
  • FIG. 3 depicts yet another conductive pattern for the parasitic antenna element 115.
  • the pattern is particularly useful for dual band operation of the parasitic antenna element 115.
  • the pattern includes two capacitively coupled tuning stubs, tuning stub 402 and tuning stub 404 that function to establish a second resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 at a frequency that is higher than a first resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 not incorporating the tuning stubs.
  • the tuning stubs effectively reduce the size of the electromagnetic loop and, therefore, the inductance in the electromagnetic loop at a frequency (i.e., the second resonant frequency) at which the capacitive impedance between the tuning stubs is very small.
  • the separation 406 between the tuning stubs, and the lengths of the sections of stub 402 and stub 404 that overlap to provide capacitive coupling are determined in accordance with known techniques based on the desired second resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115.
  • FIGs. 5 and 6 illustrate perspective views of exemplary wireless communication devices that incorporate a parasitic antenna element 115 in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.
  • an exemplary wireless communication device 500 is depicted that includes a housing 501 with a door 505 which conceals a slot 507 into which a wireless PCMCIA card can be inserted.
  • the wireless PCMCIA card can include a printed circuit board 503 to which is attached an internal antenna element 117.
  • the wireless communication device 500 also includes the circuitry depicted in FIG. 1, although such circuitry is not shown in FIG. 5.
  • printed circuit board 503 can reside entirely on printed circuit board 503, but more preferably resides partially on printed circuit board 503 (e.g., internal antenna element 117, duplexer /antenna switch 113 (if utilized), receiver 103, transmitter 111 (if utilized), and a portion of the processor 105 and the memory 106) and partially on one or more other circuit boards (not shown) permanently attached inside the housing 501.
  • printed circuit board 503 e.g., internal antenna element 117, duplexer /antenna switch 113 (if utilized), receiver 103, transmitter 111 (if utilized), and a portion of the processor 105 and the memory 106
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 preferably comprises a conductive pattern forming a single electromagnetic loop and is preferably positioned in close proximity to (e.g., within a near field region of) the internal antenna element 117.
  • the conductive pattern preferably includes at least one distributed capacitance to establish a resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115.
  • Various exemplary conductive pattern embodiments for forming the parasitic antenna element 115 were described above with respect to FIGs. 2-4. With respect to positioning of the parasitic antenna element 115, as depicted in FIG.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 can be positioned on a top, exterior surface of the housing 501 just above the internal antenna element 117; or the parasitic antenna element 115 can be alternatively positioned on an inside or outside surface of the PCMCIA door 505, which for purposes of example shows the parasitic antenna element 115 positioned on the inside surface of the door 505.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 is in close proximity to the internal antenna element 117 only when the PCMCIA door 505 is closed.
  • both the internal antenna element 117 and the parasitic antenna element 115 are electromagnetic loops as shown in FIG. 5, magnetic coupling is the mechanism for exchanging electromagnetic energy between the parasitic antenna element 115 and the internal antenna element 117. Therefore, the parasitic antenna element 115, and the internal antenna element 117 would be oriented to maximize the magnetic coupling between them.
  • the housing 501 typically includes a recess into which the parasitic antenna element 115 can by placed.
  • the recess provides protection to the edges of the substrate of the parasitic antenna element 115 and insures the parasitic antenna element 115 is properly positioned relative to the internal antenna element 117
  • a further embodiment of the present invention is a wireless communication device 600 that includes a parasitic antenna element 115 as illustrated in FIG.6.
  • the wireless communication device 600 does not include a door as described above.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 is affixed to the surface of the housing 501 about the slot 507 into which the PCMCIA card is inserted.
  • FIG. 7 is an equivalent schematic representation of the parasitic antenna element 115 and the internal antenna element 117 depicted in FIGs.5 and 6.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 effectively comprises an inductor 701 (i.e., the effective inductance in the electromagnetic loop) in parallel with a fixed capacitor 703 (i.e., the effective capacitance of the distributed capacitor(s) formed by the adjacent parallel electromagnetic loop traces (e.g., traces 202 and 210)).
  • the internal antenna element 117 effectively comprises an inductor 705 (i.e., the effective inductance of the electromagnetic loop) in parallel with a capacitor 707 (e.g., a discrete capacitor electrically connected across the electromagnetic loop).
  • the inductors 701, 705 are appropriately oriented to magnetically couple electromagnetic energy between them.
  • the resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element is (2«) ⁇ [(L)(C)] , where L is the inductance of inductor 701 and C is the capacitance of capacitor 703.
  • the resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 is preferably slightly higher than the resonant frequency of the internal antenna element 117.
  • the present invention through the use of distributed capacitance, provides broadband enhancement and therefore does not require tuning of the resonant frequency of the parasitic antenna element 115 over a relatively wide bandwidth (about 35% at 850 MHz).
  • FIGs. 8, 9, and 10 illustrate perspective views of attachable parasitic antenna elements 115 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the parasitic antenna element 800 of FIG. 8 includes a substrate 201 having a top surface 803 and a bottom surface 805.
  • the substrate 201 preferably comprises a Mylar (polyester) or polycarbonate material, but may alternatively comprise other known materials, such as Teflon, Kapton® (polyimide), polystyrene, or paper.
  • the conductive pattern 807 forming the resonant portion of the parasitic antenna element 800 is formed by depositing, screen printing, electroplating, etching or otherwise disposing conductive material, such as a metallic foil or a conductive ink onto a surface of a dielectric substrate 201 (preferably the bottom surface 805 to allow the pattern 807 to remain inconspicuous to a user of the electronic or wireless communication device 500) and information 809 identifying the wireless or electronic device, such as model number, manufacturer's logo, serial number, warning label, or other information, is printed on the opposing surface of the substrate 201 (preferably the top surface 803).
  • conductive material such as a metallic foil or a conductive ink
  • the method by which the conductive pattern 807 is deposited on the substrate 201 is dependent upon the nature of the actual material being utilized.
  • an adhesive such as a 3M pressure sensitive (PSA) adhesive, is applied to the surface 805 containing the pattern 807 to enable the surface 805 to be attached to the housing 501 of the device 500.
  • PSA 3M pressure sensitive
  • the conductive pattern 807 is preferably disposed on a bottom surface 805 of the substrate 201 to enable the pattern 807 to remain inconspicuous to a user of the electronic device 500, such a location of the pattern 807 is not required pursuant to the present invention and the pattern 807 can alternatively be disposed on the top surface 803 of the substrate 201.
  • a thin clear or opaque film (not shown) can be disposed thereon to protect the pattern 807, and to provide a surface upon which the identifying information 809 is disposed.
  • the area of the bottom surface 805 of the substrate 201 onto which the conductive pattern 807 is printed can be small in comparison to the overall area of the bottom surface 805 of the substrate 201. Such might be the case when the pattern 807 is disposed on the bottom surface 805 of a relatively large adhesive label substrate that includes the manufacture's logo, the device model number, the device serial number, or any other additional information on the substrate's top surface 803.
  • the area of the surface 905 of the substrate 201 onto which the conductive pattern 907 is printed can be substantially equal to the overall area of the surface 905 of the substrate 201.
  • the pattern 907 is disposed on the bottom surface 905 of a relatively small adhesive label substrate 201 that includes only the manufacturer's name or device serial number on the substrate's top surface 903.
  • a substrate 201 having a top surface 1003 and a bottom surface 1005 includes a cut-out 1011 through which a PCMCIA card can be inserted into the slot 507 in the housing 501, shown in FIG. 6.
  • the composition of the parasitic antenna element 1007 is as described above.
  • Identifying information 1009 identifying the wireless communication device, such as, a manufacturer's logo, or other information, can be printed on the opposing surface of the substrate 201 (preferably the top surface 1003).
  • Computer simulations and anechoic chamber testing have shown that the addition of a parasitic antenna element 115 as described above increases the efficiency of an antenna system 101 as shown in FIG. 1 relative to the efficiency of an internal antenna element 117 alone.
  • a graph 1200 of normalized efficiency versus frequency for one such computer simulation is depicted in FIG. 11 for a parasitic antenna element 115 configured as shown in FIG. 2 and disposed on the top exterior surface of the wireless communication device housing 501, one millimeter (mm) away from an internal antenna element 117 as generally shown in FIG. 5.
  • the internal antenna element 117 is an electromagnetic loop antenna typically embodied in a PCMCIA card.
  • the parasitic antenna element 115 has a resonant frequency of 980 MHz and a Q of 60 and the internal antenna element 117 has a resonant frequency of 930 MHz and an unloaded Q of 60.
  • the normalized efficiency 1203 of the antenna system 101 including the parasitic antenna element 115 is as much as six decibels (db) better than the normalized efficiency 1201 of the antenna system including only the internal antenna element 117.
  • the efficiency enhancement provided by the parasitic antenna element 115 remains over a relatively broad frequency range (approximately 300 MHz for a parasitic element resonant frequency of 980 MHz).
  • FIG. 12 shows a pattern configuration of conductive traces forming at least part of a multi-frequency parasitic antenna element in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • three parasitic antenna elements are formed on the planar dielectric substrate 201.
  • a first parasitic antenna element 1201 is tuned for operation over a first frequency range fl
  • a second parasitic antenna element 1203 is tuned for operation over a second frequency range f2
  • a third parasitic antenna element 1205 is tuned for operation over a third frequency range f3, wherein fl > f2 > f3.
  • the frequency ranges to which the parasitic antenna elements are tuned can be overlapping, thereby extending the frequency range over whicl ⁇ the wireless communication device can be tuned, or the frequency ranges can be widely separated to accommodate different bands of operation.
  • FIGs. 13 through 16 show alternate embodiments of the parasitic antenna element in accordance with the present invention.
  • the shape of the parasitic antenna element need not be restricted to a rectangular shape, but can include other shapes as well, such as a single turn parasitic antenna element having a circular shape (as shown), or an oval or elliptical shape (not shown).
  • the parasitic antenna element can be configured with multiple turns for use at lower operating frequencies. The multiple turns can be fabricated on different layers of the dielectric substrate, connected by feed through vias.
  • the parasitic antenna element can also incorporate wide conductor elements, as shown in FIGs. 15 and 16. Such "fat" loops can provide lower Q and consequently wider bandwidths than provided by thin wire geometries.
  • the present invention encompasses a parasitic antenna element and a wireless communication device incorporating the parasitic antenna element.
  • wireless communication devices such as laptop computers, palmtop computers, and PDAs, that obtain their wireless functionality through the use of radio circuitry resident on insert able
  • the parasitic antenna element of the present invention can obtain improved antenna performance and, therefore, wider operating range by incorporating the parasitic antenna element of the present invention as an attachable element.
  • the parasitic antenna element serves to enhance the efficiency and/ or gain of the antenna system, particularly when the antenna system includes an internal antenna element that, due to size constraints of an aperture (e.g., PCMCIA slot) in which the internal antenna element resides, is relatively inefficient.
  • the parasitic loop element can be utilized on other electronic devices, which incorporate an internal loop antenna as well.
  • the parasitic antenna element of the present invention maintains a very low profile and, therefore, meets the ergonomic requirements of most users. Still further, when disposed on the back of a device label, the parasitic antenna element provides the desired efficiency enhancement while being virtually undetectable by the device user. Moreover, since the parasitic antenna element of the present invention is directly attachable to the wireless communication device, the present invention does not require the use of a carrying case or other additional housing to position the parasitic antenna element in close proximity to an internal antenna element of the wireless communication device in contrast to prior art antenna efficiency enhancement techniques.
  • the present invention provides fixed-tuned, broadband antenna enhancement through the parasitic antenna element's inclusion of a distributed capacitor to establish the parasitic antenna element's resonant frequency.
  • placement of the parasitic antenna element is simplified by combining the parasitic antenna element, as described above, into a label which is placed within a recess already provided within the housing of the wireless communication device.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Elément (115) d'antenne passive s'utilisant avec un dispositif (100) de télécommunication sans fil, qui comprend un corps (501), un circuit (103-109) de télécommunication et un premier élément (117) d'antenne servant à intercepter l'énergie électromagnétique et à coupler celle-ci, par l'intermédiaire de l'élément (115) d'antenne passive, au circuit (103-109) de télécommunication. L'élément (115) d'antenne passive comprend un substrat (201) diélectrique, et un motif conducteur (202-210) situé sur une surface (805, 905, 1005) du substrat (201) diélectrique. Lorsque le substrat (201) diélectrique est fixé au corps (501), à proximité étroite de l'élément (117) d'antenne interne, l'énergie électromagnétique est couplée entre l'élément (117) d'antenne interne et le motif conducteur (202-210).
PCT/US2002/004953 2001-03-02 2002-02-20 Element d'antenne passive et dispositif de telecommunication sans fil incorporant celui-ci WO2002071536A1 (fr)

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US79633601A 2001-03-02 2001-03-02
US09/796,336 2001-03-02

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GB2571279A (en) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-28 Pet Tech Limited Antenna arrangement and associated method
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ES2222789A1 (es) * 2002-12-19 2005-02-01 Jose Luis De La Torre Barreiro Reflector pasivo captador de señal.
US8018386B2 (en) 2003-06-12 2011-09-13 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna with floating antenna element
US7283101B2 (en) 2003-06-26 2007-10-16 Andrew Corporation Antenna element, feed probe; dielectric spacer, antenna and method of communicating with a plurality of devices
US7498988B2 (en) 2003-06-26 2009-03-03 Andrew Corporation Antenna element, feed probe; dielectric spacer, antenna and method of communicating with a plurality of devices
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FR2862831A1 (fr) * 2003-11-21 2005-05-27 Sagem Etiquette metallisee pour coque de telephone mobile
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US7573436B2 (en) 2004-06-21 2009-08-11 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Compact radio frequency transmitting and receiving antenna and control device employing same
US7548216B2 (en) 2004-06-21 2009-06-16 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Compact radio frequency transmitting and receiving antenna and control device employing same
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US7760151B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2010-07-20 Kyocera Corporation Systems and methods for a capacitively-loaded loop antenna
KR100926886B1 (ko) 2004-09-14 2009-11-16 키오세라 와이어리스 코포레이션 용량성-부하 루프 안테나를 위한 시스템 및 방법
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US7876270B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2011-01-25 Kyocera Corporation Modem card with balanced antenna
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US7427965B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2008-09-23 Kyocera Corporation Multiple band capacitively-loaded loop antenna
US7274338B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2007-09-25 Kyocera Corporation Meander line capacitively-loaded magnetic dipole antenna
EP2034556A1 (fr) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Dispositif et antenne de communications sans fil
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KR100974428B1 (ko) * 2007-12-28 2010-08-05 주식회사 케이티테크 내장형 멀티 밴드 안테나를 구비한 휴대용 단말기
JP2012525816A (ja) * 2009-04-28 2012-10-22 クアルコム，インコーポレイテッド ワイヤレス電力伝達のための無給電（ｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃ）デバイス
WO2010127047A1 (fr) * 2009-04-28 2010-11-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Dispositifs passifs pour transfert de puissance sans fil
US9013141B2 (en) 2009-04-28 2015-04-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Parasitic devices for wireless power transfer
US8605922B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2013-12-10 Motorola Mobility Llc Antenna system with parasitic element for hearing aid compliant electromagnetic emission
US8483415B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2013-07-09 Motorola Mobility Llc Antenna system with parasitic element for hearing aid compliant electromagnetic emission
US20110312393A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Motorola, Inc. Antenna system with parasitic element for hearing aid compliant electromagnetic emission
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EP2643883A1 (fr) * 2010-11-25 2013-10-02 Nokia Corp. Appareil d'antenne et procédés
EP2643883A4 (fr) * 2010-11-25 2014-08-20 Nokia Corp Appareil d'antenne et procédés
US9263789B2 (en) 2010-11-25 2016-02-16 Nokia Technologies Oy Antenna apparatus and methods
US9306276B2 (en) 2011-07-13 2016-04-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Wideband antenna system with multiple antennas and at least one parasitic element
WO2013167925A1 (fr) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-14 Sony Mobile Communications Ab Antennes cadre planes à branches multiples comprenant un élément parasite flottant et dispositifs de communication sans fil les intégrant
US10116062B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2018-10-30 Sony Mobile Communications Inc. Looped multi-branch planar antennas having a floating parasitic element and wireless communications devices incorporating the same
US10396430B2 (en) 2014-12-09 2019-08-27 Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. Touch screen integrated with NFC antenna, terminal, and near field communication method therefor
EP3232580A4 (fr) * 2014-12-09 2018-08-15 Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co., Ltd. Écran tactile intégré ayant une antenne nfc, terminal et son procédé de communication en champ proche
WO2017030888A1 (fr) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-23 Antenna79, Inc. Boîtier externe de redirection de rayonnement pour dispositif de communication portable
WO2017223045A1 (fr) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-28 AMI Research & Development, LLC Système d'antenne redresseuse basse fréquence pour chargement sans fil
CN109690897A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2019-04-26 Ami 研发有限责任公司 用于无线充电的低频整流天线系统
US10944297B2 (en) 2016-06-20 2021-03-09 AMI Research & Development, LLC Low frequency rectenna system for wireless charging
EP3330108A1 (fr) * 2016-11-30 2018-06-06 TRW Automotive U.S. LLC Antenne avec élément parasite
GB2571279A (en) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-28 Pet Tech Limited Antenna arrangement and associated method
WO2019162669A1 (fr) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-29 Pet Technology Limited Agencement d'antenne et procédé associé
GB2571279B (en) * 2018-02-21 2022-03-09 Pet Tech Limited Antenna arrangement and associated method
US11336025B2 (en) 2018-02-21 2022-05-17 Pet Technology Limited Antenna arrangement and associated method
WO2019206650A1 (fr) * 2018-04-23 2019-10-31 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Cle a radiocommande comprenant une antenne en boucle
US11777197B2 (en) 2018-04-23 2023-10-03 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Remote key with an external loop antenna
US11063342B2 (en) * 2019-09-13 2021-07-13 Motorola Mobility Llc Parasitic patch antenna for radiating or receiving a wireless signal

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