WO2002068155A1

WO2002068155A1 - Jamming roller device

Info

Publication number: WO2002068155A1
Application number: PCT/PL2002/000017
Authority: WO
Inventors: Slawomir Bylinka
Original assignee: Slawomir Bylinka
Priority date: 2001-02-28
Filing date: 2002-02-27
Publication date: 2002-09-06
Also published as: PL346189A1; PL194352B1

Abstract

A jamming roller device with rollers (1) equipped with mandrels (1') and being embedded in a basket (3) located upon the inner cylindrical surface of a ring housing (2), and the said baskets (3) have flat and cylindrical parts, and the rollers (1), whose axes lie on a common circle, are supported on flat surfaces of a hexagonal element (4), and the housing (2) is covered from top to bottom with covers (5) having seatings (5') where the mandrels (1') of the rollers (1) are mounted, and the bottom cover (5) forms a whole with the housing (2), and rollers (1) are founded upon at least one spring element (6), and an angle that is smaller than the friction angle of the roller (1) with the hexagonal element (4).parts of the baskets (3).

Description

Jamming roller device

The object of the invention is a jamming roller device.

The jamming devices are well-known in which ratchets, moving flat elements equipped with teeth or moving jaws provide jamming or interlocking elements.

The jamming roller device has at least one roller equipped with a mandrel and being embedded in the baskets located upon the inner cylindrical surface of the ring housing, and the said baskets have flat and cylindrical parts, and the rollers, whose axes lie on the common circle, are supported on flat surfaces of a hexagonal element, and the housing is covered from top to bottom with covers having seatings where mandrels of the rollers are mounted, and the bottom cover forms a whole with the housing, and the rollers are founded upon a spring element, and the angle between the flat surface of the hexagonal element and the flat part of the basket is smaller than the friction angle of the roller with the hexagonal element and the flat part of the basket, and in the projection onto the horizontal surface the hexagonal element lies inside the area limited by the projected surfaces on which flat parts of the baskets lie and while jamming, its sides axe tangent to the corresponding pairs of the rollers being tangent to each other and to the flat parts of the baskets.

To advantage the baskets located upon the inner cylindrical surface of the ring housing have two flat parts, and the housing is covered w t covers from top to bottom and the top movable cover has pins, and the baskets are symmetrical to the line running through the centre of the housing.

To advantage the shape of the seating and its location in relation to the centre of the seating housing is the mapping of the roller mandrels' trace of their motion within the basket.

The jamming roller device is characterized by simplicity and reliability of its construction. The device ensures the support for the hexagonal element along its entire circumference, which prevents radial run-outs.

The device, in its open ended spanner version, can be placed on the hexagonal element (e.g. on a bolt) from one side and it enables the spanner operation without dismounting the device. Already the idle rotation by 30° makes it possible for the spanner to function for limited access to the hexagonal element. The device, in its unidirectional clutch version, enables the hexagonal element to move along the axis.

The device, in its box spanner version, can be placed on a bolt nut of any length and it enables the spanner operation without dismounting the device from the nut. The construction allows the outside diameter of the spanner working element to be minimized.

In the bidirectional clutch version radial thrusts are eliminated by the six points of application of force on the hexagonal element. It enables operation when there exists the hexagonal element travel along the axis. The device ensures the transfer of big forces and moments and it is capable to centre the hexagonal element.

The object of the invention was presented as execution examples in schematic diagram approach, where Fig. 1 shows a top view of the device (as a unidirectional clutch), Fig. 2 shows a roller cross-section, Fig. 3 shows the device as a bidirectional clutch, Fig. 4 shows the device as an open ended spanner and Fig. 5 shows the device as a box spamier and Fig. 6 shows a cross- section of the spanner eye and a movable clamping ring of the hexagonal element.

The roller device, in its unidirectional clutch version, has the baskets 3 in its housing 2, which are located on the inner cylindrical surface of the housing 2. The rollers 1 are embedded in the said baskets. The said rollers rest on the hexagonal element 4 in running motion. The baskets 3 have flat and cylindrical parts. The hexagonal element 4 lies inside the area limited by the projected surfaces on which flat parts of the baskets 3 lie in its projection onto the horizontal surface. The housing is covered with covers 5 from top to bottom, and the bottom cover 5 forms a whole with the housing 2. The covers are provided with seatings 5_ where mandrels V of the roller I are embedded. In the housing there is a spring element 6, generalfy a spring, to contact directly one of the rollers To ensure right operation of the device, two rollers are to be located on each side of the hexagonal element 4. The angle α between the surface of the hexagonal element 4 and the flat part of the basket 3 is smaller than the friction angle of the roller 1 with the hexagonal element 4 and the flat part of the basket 3. The function of the baskets 3 can also be taken over by the seatings tX_ during operation.

The device as an open ended spanner has the same construction as the unidirectional clutch but it forms a sector of the said clutch. The sector is of such a size so that the spanner can be placed on a nut or a bolt of an adequate size from one side.

The device, in the bidirectional clutch version, has the baskets 3 on the inner cylindrical surface, whose one cylindrical part called the bottom and the two flat parts called the raceways are symmetrical to the axis running through the centre of the assembly and through the centre of the cylindrical basket 3 bottom. The housing 2 is covered with covers 5 from top to bottom, and the top cover is torsionally movable and have pins 8, The rollers 1 are sleeves 1 which can move on the pins 8 having the clearance to achieve the tangency contact by the said sleeves with the hexagonal element 4 and with one basket 3 raceway as well as the shifting by the sleeve I towards the basket 3 bottom depending on the arrangement of the torsional cover 5 and the pins 8. The cover

5 has at least one spring element which secures the said cover in a chosen position and ensures withdrawal thereof resulting in the withdrawal of the pins

8 and the sleeves 1 while disabling the jamming.

In the device operating as a box spanner there is a torsionaϊly movable clamping ring 7 and only one roller 1 together with the basket 3 inside the ring housing 2. The basket 3 including the roller i is placed in the spanner shank in order to reduce the dimensions of the ring housing. The movable clamping ring 7 consists of two rings and a twelve-arm clamping ring. Such a construction of the clamping ring secures it inside the housing 2 and reduces the angle of the spanner dead movement.

In the device operating as a unidirectional clutch, due to the relative rotation of the housing 2 around the hexagonal element 4 in one direction so- called running motion, one group of the rollers 1 contacting the element 4 surfaces and the raceways of the baskets 3 which create the angle α jams the housing and the hexagonal element to disable circumferential motion in one direction. So rotation of the hexagonal element 4 takes place. After the rotation in the opposite direction (dead movement) is performed, the surfaces of the element 4 press on the other group of the rollers I at such an angle so as to enable the retracting of all rollers I to the bottom of the baskets 3, and the spring 6 to tension the endmost roller retracts. The stand-off distance of the rollers 1 is of such a size that the shifting of the hexagonal element 4 vertex is enabled. Then, after the vertices have gone past the rollers I and spring 6 has been actuated, the rollers 1 get back to their previous position. That is how the unidirectional clutch and open ended spamier operate, in which the endmost roller 1 pushed out by the spring towards the hexagonal element 4 forces out the following roller in the same direction, and the latter does the same to the following one, etc.

When the device operates as a box spanner, the roller 1 locks the movable clamping ring 7 in the running motion. Then the said clamping ring includin^g the housin^σ 2 transfer the torque to the hexagonal element 4 located inside the clamping ring 7. The roller 1 shifts away towards the bottom of the basket 3 in the dead movement, which enables rotation of the clamping ring 7 around the housing 2 of the spanner.

When the device operates as a bidirectional clutch, the tensioning of the sleeve I is transferred from the spring element via the torsionally movable cover 5 with the pins 8. The jamming of the hexagonal element 4 takes place in one of the two directions depending on the setting of the torsional cover 5 with the pins 8 in relation to the housing 2. As the shaft 4 rotates in the opposite direction, the sleeves 1 press on the pins 8 drawing back towards the bottom of the baskets. The torsional cover 5 together with the said pins draws back while pressing on the spring. After the vertices of the hexagonal element 4 has gone past the sleeves, the spring turns the movable cover 5 together with the pins 8 to the previous position, and the said pins hold down the sleeves 1 again to the same raceways of the baskets 3. The jamming is disabled in both directions when the cover 5 positions the pins 8 on the axes of symmetry of the baskets 3 and the said pins secure the sleeves I at such a distance to the raceways of the baskets 3 that the jamming of the hexagonal element 4 is impossible.

Claims

1. The jamming roller device, characterized in that it has at least one roller I I equipped with a mandrel 1VJ and being embedded in the baskets 131 located upon the inner cylindrical surface of the ring housing 121, and the said baskets 131 have flat and cylindrical parts, and the rollers III, whose axes lie on the common circle, are supported on flat surfaces of a hexagonal element 141, and the housing 121 is covered from top to bottom with covers 151 having seatings /57 where the mandrels /jJ/of the rollers III are mounted, and the bottom cover 151 forms a whole with the housing 121, and the rollers I I are founded upon at least one spring element 161, and the angle l l between the side surface of the hexagonal element 141 and the flat part of the basket 131 is smaller than the friction angle of the roller III with the hexagonal element 141 and the flat part of the basket βf, and in the projection onto the horizontal surface the hexagonal element IAI lies inside the area limited by the projected surfaces on which flat parts of the baskets 131 lie and while jamming, its sides are tangent to the corresponding pairs of the rollers III being tangent to each other and to the flat parts of the baskets 131.

2. The roller device according to claim 1., characterized in that the baskets 131 located upon the inner cylindrical surface of the ring housing 121 have two flat parts, and the housing is covered with covers 151 from top to bottom and the top movable cover 151 has pins /8/, and the baskets 13/ are symmetrical to the line running through the centre of the housing 121. The roller device according to claim 1., characterized in that the shape of the seating I5X and its location in relation to the centre of the housing 121 is the mapping of the roller III mandrel's I VI trace of their motion within the basket.