WO2002059064A1 - A recovery method - Google Patents
A recovery method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002059064A1 WO2002059064A1 PCT/SE2001/002632 SE0102632W WO02059064A1 WO 2002059064 A1 WO2002059064 A1 WO 2002059064A1 SE 0102632 W SE0102632 W SE 0102632W WO 02059064 A1 WO02059064 A1 WO 02059064A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrophobic
- stable
- xad
- organic solvent
- tempo
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B63/00—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/92—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with a hetero atom directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/94—Oxygen atom, e.g. piperidine N-oxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for obtaining a catalytically active mixture based on stable nitroxyl radicals.
- TEMPO 2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl
- an oxidising agent, a peracid or a salt or precursor thereof in the presence of a catalytic amount of halide is used in addition to the stable nitroxyl radicals.
- a catalytic amount of halide is used in addition to the stable nitroxyl radicals.
- TEMPO usually is applied in small quantities, 0.1-25 mol% with respect to the primary alcohol, the toxicity and the relatively high price of TEMPO, and/or its analogues, cause problems. For these reasons it is desirable to recover TEMPO from reaction mixtures obtained from oxidation of primary alcohols.
- the document WO 96/36621 discloses a method for the recovery of stable nitroxyl radicals wherein volatile stable nitroxyl radicals are distilled off by azeotropic distillation or steam distillation with water, preferably under reduced pressure.
- a problem associated with the method disclosed in WO 96/36621 is that it solely can be applied to volatile nitroxyl compounds, i.e.
- a method as mentioned in the outset, and designed according to the present invention is characterized in that the stable nitroxyl radicals are hydrophobic and are separated from a reaction mixture by means of hydrophobic interactions.
- the reaction mixture consists of a liquid solution.
- the hydrophobic interaction is an adsorption reaction wherein the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals are selectively adsorbed onto a solid adsorbent exhibiting hydrophobicity, wherein the adsorbent consists of a highly porous synthetic resin selected from the group XAD-2, XAD-4, XAD-8, XAD-11 , XAD-16, XAD-30, XAD-1180 and mixtures thereof.
- Amberlite ® XAD resins are available from Sigma, USA and Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA.
- silica gel (Kieselgel 60, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) is used as a solid adsorbent onto which the hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals are selectively adsorbed.
- the contacting of the reaction mixture with an adsorbent can be carried out batchwise or with the use of a column.
- the invention is carried out in accordance with a chromatography process with the use of a column.
- the said stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical is eluted, desorbed, from the column by contacting the adsorbent with a solvent, said solvent comprising water, an organic solvent or a mixture thereof.
- a solvent comprising water, an organic solvent or a mixture thereof.
- Said organic solvent may comprise ethylalcohol, 1-pentanol, acetone, or tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- Other organic solvents, preferably miscible with water can be used as well.
- the adsorbent and the reaction mixture are mixed by shaking by hand or by stirring, whereupon the resulting mixture is filtrated.
- the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical is recovered from the filtrate by adding an organic solvent that may comprise ethylalcohol, 1-pentanol, acetone, or THF.
- organic solvents preferably miscible with water can be used as well.
- the nitroxyl radical may be recovered from the organic solvent by evaporation, whereby the nitroxyl radical is found in the residue. It is preferable that said solvent exhibits a high vapour pressure at room temperature. A solvent which, in comparison with water, exhibits high vapour pressure and low heat of vaporisation will keep the energy consumption down and consequently, keep the energy costs down. Most of the above- mentioned solvents exhibit these features.
- 1-pentanol can be used as a solvent, but is less preferred as it has a high boiling point (130 °C).
- 1-pentanol is a suitable solvent. This implies that 1- pentanol will not be enriched when a continuous process for recovering and re-circulating stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals is used, and wherein the process comprises selective oxidation of primary alchols.
- 1-pentanol when used as a solvent is to use 1-pentanol as a co-solvent together with, for instance ethanol, as 1-pentanol is limitedly soluble in water.
- the residue consisting of 1-pentanol and the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical, can be treated as described above, i.e. form part of the catalytically active mixture.
- the hydrophobic interaction takes place in a precipitation step, wherein ⁇ -cyclodextrin dissolved in water selectively forms complexes with the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals.
- a concentrated ⁇ -cyclodextrin solution is used in order to obtain a nearly quantitative recovery of the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals. It is also possible to use an immobilised form of ⁇ -cyclodextrin, forming a special type of resin, comparable to the XAD-resins.
- the precipitate is dissolved in a solvent, whereupon the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical is selectively transferred to the solvent, said solvent comprising water, an organic solvent or a mixture thereof.
- Said organic solvent may comprise ethylalcohol, acetone, or THF.
- Other organic solvents, preferably miscible with water can be used as well.
- the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical may be recovered from the solvent by evaporation, whereby the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical is found in the residue.
- said solvent exhibits a high vapour pressure and a low heat of vaporisation.
- the hydrophobic interaction takes place in a liquid-liquid extraction step, wherein an organic solvent is added to the reaction mixture, and into which organic solvent the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals are selectively extracted.
- Suitable solvents used in the extraction step are higher primary alcohols, i.e. alcohols with C ⁇ , or higher, such as, for example, 1-octanol.
- the organic phase comprising the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals and the solvent, is recovered by physical means in a known manner, whereupon it will form part of the catalytically active mixture, wherein the water immiscible solvent will be oxidised to the corresponding acid, and thus, will become soluble at alkaline conditions.
- the solvent will not be enriched when a continuous process for recovering and re-circulating stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals is used, and the process comprises selective oxidation of primary alcohols.
- an advantage with this embodiment is that the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical does not have to be stripped, i.e. back-extracted from the organic solvent as common in conventional solvent extraction which is then usually followed by a product recovery step. Nor is it necessary to evaporate or to distil the organic phase to recover the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals from the organic phase.
- the stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radical comprises TEMPO.
- TEMPO and its derivatives in themselves display a brown/red colour, but dissolved in an aqueous solution the solution will be yellow.
- TEMPO, and/or its derivatives is concentrated on a column or forms complexes with cyclodextrin the presence of TEMPO is indicated by a pink colour.
- reaction mixture constitute an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension.
- the method according to the present invention discloses a method for obtaining a catalytically active mixture based on stable nitroxyl radicals by contacting a reaction mixture comprising the stable nitroxyl radicals with a solid phase or a liquid phase exhibiting hydrophobicity.
- Hydrophobicity can, for example, be found in numerous organic solvents, resins and other adsorbents, and cyclodextrins.
- TEMPO analogues and/or derivatives thereof exhibiting a hydrophobic character, can be extracted from the reaction mixture by hydrophobic interactions.
- These hydrophobic interactions can be utilised in a solid extraction procedure, i.e. adsorption onto a solid, in a procedure where use is made of complex formation with cyclodextrins, or in a procedure wherein a liquid-liquid extraction step is utilised.
- Example 1 1 gram of a XAD-4 resin was suspended in a few ml of water and then transferred to a column. 2 ml of a TEMPO solution with a concentration of 5 mg/ml was then passed through the column. After passing these 2 ml of the TEMPO solution, the column became slightly pink and the effluent became yellow. This indicates that the capacity of the XAD-4 resin is 10 mg TEMPO/g.
- Example 2 1 gram of a XAD-16 resin was suspended in a few ml of water and then transferred to a column. 2 ml of a solution of 4-acetamido TEMPO solution with a concentration of 5 mg/ml was then passed through the column. After passing these 2 ml of the 4-acetamido TEMPO solution, the column became slightly pink coloured and the effluent became yellow. This indicates that the capacity of the XAD-16 resin is 10 mg 4-acetamido TEMPO/g. The same result was obtained when a XAD-4 resin was used instead of the XAD-16 resin.
- Example 3 Through a column of 2 gram silica gel (Kiselgel 60, Merck) suspended in water, a solution of TEMPO (5 mg/ml) was passed. After passage of 6 ml the effluent became yellow. The TEMPO was then eluted with acetone. A quantity of 3 ml of acetone was required for the elution, and after which, the column was completely decolourised.
- Example 4 In 100 ml of water 5 g potato starch (4.2 g in dry form) was gelatinised by heating the solution to 90 °C. The solution was cooled to room temperature and then 200 mg 4-acetamido-TEMPO was added. After dissolution of this compound, 50 ml 2M sodium hypoclorite was added to the mixture. To avoid too large pH shift, the sodium hypoclorite was added in quantities of 2 ml per time. Throughout the reaction, pH was controlled with use of a pH-stat and by addition of 0.5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pH was kept in the range from 8.5 to 9.5. The consumption of NaOH was 55 ml.
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- the reaction mixture was concentrated to 100 ml and then brought onto a column, packed with 30 g silica gel (Kieselgel 60, Merck). The adsorption of the TEMPO-derivative onto the silica gel was observed as a yellow zone, moving slowly downward. The column was eluted with water. The 6-carboxystarch was collected in the first 150 ml of water and after passage of more water (160 ml) the 4-acetamido- TEMPO started to elute. In this fraction no 6-carboxystarch could be detected, according to the colorimetric uronic acid assay of Blumenkrantz and Abdoe-Hansen, Anal. Biochem. 54, 484-489 (1973).
- Example 7 1.0 g ⁇ -cyclodextrin was dissolved in 100 ml of water. To 10 ml of this solution, 1 ml of a solution of TEMPO (5 mg/ml) was added. The mixture was left to stand, whereby a pink precipitate was formed and the solution became colourless. The precipitate is a result of the complexation reaction of TEMPO with ⁇ -cyclodextrin. The precipitate formed is very dense, so the liquid can be decanted from the solid without appreciable loss of solid.
- Example 8 The experiments of Example 7 were repeated but with a more diluted ⁇ - cyclodextrin solution with a concentration of 100 mg of ⁇ -cyclodextrin in 30 ml of water.
- the precipitation reactions in Example 8 did not start until hours after the solutions were mixed, and were completed after standing for three days, at which time the absorbances (At) were measured.
- Example 9 A reaction mixture was prepared from 2 gram of oxidised starch, 100 mg of sodium bromide NaBr and 50 mg TEMPO, dissolved in 100 ml water. 2 ml of 1-octanol was added to the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was then stirred for a few minutes, and then left to separate into two phases; a lower layer consisting of the decolourised aqueous phase, and an upper layer consisting of the organic phase, coloured dark pink. The pink colour of the organic phase and the discolouration of the aqueous phase indicate that TEMPO has been transferred to the organic phase. The organic phase was added to a solution consisting of 2 gram of gelatinised starch and 100 mg NaBr.
- the starch indeed could be oxidised to 6-carboxystarch with sodium hypoclorite in the same way as described in Example 4 because TEMPO is transferred to the aqueous phase.
- the oxidation also results in the formation of octanoic acid.
- This is an advantage, as the 1-octanol solvent used in the extraction step will thus be removed as octanate (sodium salt) in the work-up of the reaction mixture.
- recovery of stable hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals by liquid-liquid extraction do not require removal of the solvent by evaporation or distillation or, as in conventional solvent extraction, where it is common to have a strip step followed by product recovery.
- Example 10 4 ml of a solution containing 40 mg of 4-acetamido TEMPO was added to 2.0 gram of XAD-1180 resin. After stirring for a few minutes, a colourless solution and a pink solid was obtained. From spectroscopy it followed that at least 95 % of the TEMPO-derivative was adsorbed onto the XAD-1180 resin. However, the obtained spectrum differed markedly from the spectrum of 4- acetamido TEMPO, indicating that an impurity was present. Thus, an adsorption higher than the measured one can be assumed.
- Example 11 was repeated with the same resin, XAD-16, but with the TEMPO derivative 4-hydroxy-TEMPO instead of 4-acetoxy-TEMPO. Spectroscopy measurements gave that at least 95 % of the TEMPO derivative 4-hydroxy- TEMPO was adsorbed onto the XAD-16 resin.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL01362706A PL362706A1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-11-29 | A recovery method |
EP01273493A EP1353888A1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-11-29 | A recovery method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0100210A SE523623C2 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Recycling method for hydrophobic nitroxyl radicals |
SE0100210-4 | 2001-01-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002059064A1 true WO2002059064A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
Family
ID=20282723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2001/002632 WO2002059064A1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-11-29 | A recovery method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1353888A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL362706A1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE523623C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002059064A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1541566A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-15 | SCA Hygiene Products AB | Process for the separation of organic hydroxylamine and nitrosonium compounds and its use in the oxidation of hydroxy compounds |
EP1541565A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-15 | SCA Hygiene Products AB | Process for the separation of organic nitrosonium and/or hydroxylamine compounds by means of cation exchange resins and recovery and oxidation processes based thereon |
JP2009242590A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Kao Corp | Method for producing oxidized cellulose |
WO2015086901A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-18 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Method for recovering heterocyclic nitroxyl catalyst |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995007303A1 (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-16 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Method for oxidising carbohydrates |
WO1996036621A1 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-21 | Coöperatieve Verkoop- En Produktievereniging Van Aardappelmeel En Derivaten Avebe B.A. | Method for recovering or recirculating stable nitroxide radicals |
US5817806A (en) * | 1994-03-26 | 1998-10-06 | Glaxo Wellcome Spa | Process for the preparation of cyclohexyl-azetidinones |
WO1999047258A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche | Catalytic materials for selective oxidation of alcohols, process for production thereof and their use in alcohol oxidation process |
EP1086938A2 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-03-28 | Degussa-Hüls Aktiengesellschaft | Oxidation of alcohols mediated by nitroxyl derivatives |
-
2001
- 2001-01-26 SE SE0100210A patent/SE523623C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-29 WO PCT/SE2001/002632 patent/WO2002059064A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-29 PL PL01362706A patent/PL362706A1/en unknown
- 2001-11-29 EP EP01273493A patent/EP1353888A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995007303A1 (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-16 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Method for oxidising carbohydrates |
US5817806A (en) * | 1994-03-26 | 1998-10-06 | Glaxo Wellcome Spa | Process for the preparation of cyclohexyl-azetidinones |
WO1996036621A1 (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-21 | Coöperatieve Verkoop- En Produktievereniging Van Aardappelmeel En Derivaten Avebe B.A. | Method for recovering or recirculating stable nitroxide radicals |
WO1999047258A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche | Catalytic materials for selective oxidation of alcohols, process for production thereof and their use in alcohol oxidation process |
EP1086938A2 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-03-28 | Degussa-Hüls Aktiengesellschaft | Oxidation of alcohols mediated by nitroxyl derivatives |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
RICHARD T. CARROLL ET AL.: "4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (Tempol) inhibits peroxynitrite-mediated phenol nitration", CHEM. RES. TOXICOL., vol. 13, 2000, pages 294 - 300, XP002908099 * |
ROSARIA CIRIMINNA ET AL.: "Sol-gel entrapped TEMPO for the selective oxidation of methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside", CHEM. COMMUN., 2000, pages 1441 - 1442, XP002908098 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1541566A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-15 | SCA Hygiene Products AB | Process for the separation of organic hydroxylamine and nitrosonium compounds and its use in the oxidation of hydroxy compounds |
EP1541565A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-15 | SCA Hygiene Products AB | Process for the separation of organic nitrosonium and/or hydroxylamine compounds by means of cation exchange resins and recovery and oxidation processes based thereon |
WO2005058851A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Sca Hygiene Products Ab | Process for the separation of organic nitrosonium and/or hydroxylamine compounds by means of cation exchange resins and recovery and oxidation processes based thereon |
WO2005058850A1 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Sca Hygiene Products Ab | Process for the separation of organic hydroxylamine and nitrosonium compounds and its use in the oxidation of hydroxy compounds |
JP2009242590A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Kao Corp | Method for producing oxidized cellulose |
WO2015086901A1 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-18 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Method for recovering heterocyclic nitroxyl catalyst |
CN105980359A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-09-28 | 芬欧汇川集团 | Method for recovering heterocyclic nitroxyl catalyst |
JP2017501865A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-01-19 | ウーペーエム−キュンメネ コーポレイションUPM−Kymmene Corporation | Method for recovering the catalyst |
CN105980359B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2018-06-19 | 芬欧汇川集团 | The method for recycling heterocycle nitroxyl catalysts |
US10144007B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2018-12-04 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Method for recovering catalyst |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE523623C2 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
PL362706A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
SE0100210L (en) | 2002-07-27 |
EP1353888A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
SE0100210D0 (en) | 2001-01-26 |
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