WO2002047237A1 - Moteurs ps - Google Patents

Moteurs ps Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002047237A1
WO2002047237A1 PCT/TR2001/000061 TR0100061W WO0247237A1 WO 2002047237 A1 WO2002047237 A1 WO 2002047237A1 TR 0100061 W TR0100061 W TR 0100061W WO 0247237 A1 WO0247237 A1 WO 0247237A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
parts
rotor
mentioned
pole
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Application number
PCT/TR2001/000061
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English (en)
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WO2002047237A8 (fr
Inventor
Ali Cavusoglu
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Ali Cavusoglu
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Publication date
Application filed by Ali Cavusoglu filed Critical Ali Cavusoglu
Priority to AU2002216606A priority Critical patent/AU2002216606A1/en
Publication of WO2002047237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002047237A1/fr
Publication of WO2002047237A8 publication Critical patent/WO2002047237A8/fr

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02Details
    • H02K21/04Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
    • H02K21/042Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/38Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary
    • H02K21/44Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary with armature windings wound upon the magnets

Definitions

  • PS MOTORS The scope of this invention is the electric motors that are built up by using a magnetic technique called "Pre-Stimulation", The Pre-stimulation motors are herein stated as “PS Motors” briefly. Pre-stimulation is a technique that increases efficiency and performance of electric motors.
  • the electric current in periods should be applied to each coils in electric motor. These periods generally comprise of two phases whose current direction is opposite to each other.
  • the Pre-stimulation technique ensures a big part or the whole of the magnetic flux alteration, that will occur, during the complete phase to become true by means of a small current and at the beginning of the phase. In this way, less magnetic flux alteration and less opposite induction occur in operating current with higher value. Due to low current flow during the pre- stimulation, the spent energy becomes less. Since the current is high but occurred opposite induction is very few during phase in when the power is producing, electric energy which is being given during the mentioned phase becomes less. So that, the efficiency of the electric motors is increased.
  • Pre-stimulation technique In order to perform the pre-stimulation technique, it is taken benefit from two features as 'magnetic distribution' and 'magnetic doping' and in some models one of these features may be used even if both can be used in general.
  • Pre-stimulation technique purposes to reduce tension applied to motor and when it is used with the magnetic doping feature, it shall have an affirmative effect on current. This feature reduces the current which is necessary to form the moment in same quantity or when the same quantity current is applied then a higher moment is formed.
  • Pre-stimulation technique is able to be applied in various ways as structural mean. Therefore, PS motors may be designed in various models so classified as reluctance type, conventional type and A2A type PS motors. A part of these types of motor is similar to some currently used magnetic motor types. Additionally, new motor models in which the magnetic doping and magnetic distribution techniques are being used effectively by the pre-stimulation technique are designed.
  • Fig. 1 The above appearance of PS units in various structures that may be taken as an example in design of various PS motor types.
  • Fig. 2 These are the figures of force affecting the rotor surfaces and the magnetic currents passing through the air space and the magnets in four different positions of a PS unit having two magnets and opposite pole. These positions are sequentially the positions at the beginning of the phase (Fig. 2a): during pre-stimulation (Fig. 2b): immediately after pre-stimulation (Fig. 2c) and at the end of the phase (Fig. 2d).
  • Fig. 2a The above appearance of PS units in various structures that may be taken as an example in design of various PS motor types.
  • Fig. 2 These are the figures of force affecting the rotor surfaces and the magnetic currents passing through the air space and the magnets in four different positions of a PS unit having two magnets and opposite pole. These positions are sequentially the positions at the beginning of the phase (Fig. 2a): during pre-stimulation (Fig. 2b): immediately after pre
  • FIG. 3 The drawings of force affecting the rotor surfaces and the magnetic currents passing through the air space and the magnets in four various sights of a PS unit which is the example for the design of A2A Type PS motors. These positions are sequentially the positions at the beginning of the phase (Fig. 3a): during pre-stimulation (Fig. 3b): immediately after pre-stimulation (Fig. 3c) and at the end of the phase (Fig. 3d).
  • Fig. 4 The imaginative drawings of forces having effects onto the rotor surface and magnetic flux passing through the air gap and magnets in four different positions of a part of force core that forms rotor and a phase pole designed with two PS groups. Sequentially above mentioned positions are the ones at the beginning of the phase before pre- stimulation (Fig.
  • FIG. 4a The above (Fig.5a) and another view (Fig.5b) appearance of rotor and stator parts of a three phase NS Motor model included in PS groups stator. Rotor is indicated above the stator enabling to see the details clearly.
  • Fig. 6 The above (Fig. ⁇ a) and another view (Fig.6b) appearance of rotor and stator parts of a type having the PS groups of a three phases NS Motor similar to Fig. 5, in rotor.
  • Fig. 7 The above (FigJa) and another view (Fig, 7b) appearance of rotor and stator parts of a NS stimulation Motor type.
  • Fig. 8 The above (Fig. 8a) and another view (Fig, 8b) appearance of rotor and stator parts of a
  • FIG. 9 The above (Fig. 9a) and another view (Fig. 9b) appearance of rotor and stator parts of a conventional type PM Motor model with 6 phases pole and three phases.
  • Fig.10 The above (Fig. 10a) and another view (Fig. 10b) appearance of rotor and stator parts of a three phases A2A type PM Motor model
  • Fig.11 The view with an angle appearance of rotor and stator parts of a A2 A type PM Motor model with single phases, active rotor. The view is form the cross-section of the stator.
  • the parts in figures are numbered and the terms of these numbers are explained below;
  • PS core including PS groups and PS protrusion (la);
  • PS Unit / PS Group The PS unit is the smallest unit representing the invention feature and the base of the PS motors, the part consisting of one or two magnets and a ferromagnetic core is defined as PS group.
  • PS Core / Force core The part in which the PS group is present in ferromagnetic parts generally produced by siliceous plates forming the body of rotor and stator is defined as 'PS core'; The other part are defined as "Force core”.
  • PS Protrusion The part reaching to the interaction surface of PS core.
  • Force wing Each projects reaching to the interaction surface of force core.
  • Interaction surface The surfaces of rotor and stator which are reciprocal and closing each other.
  • Movement direction Linear or circular direction in which the rotor moves.
  • PS Group is consisting of a PS protrusion (la) in shape of a PS core (1) protrusion and a magnet (2) at one sides of this protrusion or one each magnets at both sides of this protrusion.
  • One each poles of these magnets are fixed to PS core by the other poles in interaction surface and it is aligned as one magnet pole in movement direction, upper surface of PS protrusion and the pole of other magnet, if double magnet is available.
  • This surface consisting of two or three parts is called as 'PS pole' and is present over the interaction surface.
  • a PS unit is two parts in the manner of belonging to rotor and stator. These parts; in conventional type motors are consisting of a PS group and a phase pole (3b) of an electromagnet having reciprocal pole surfaces (Fig. la); in reluctance type motors the mentioned parts are consisting of a PS group and a force wing (3a) in counter of the PS pole (Fig. lb, Id); in A2A type motors they are consisting of two PS groups having reciprocal pole surfaces (Fig. lc). Both parts of PS unit are on the magnetic flux way of a coil (4).
  • the part of the force wing or pole in interaction surface has a slightly wavy surface. This wavy surface is necessary to ensure the low reluctance enabling the pre-stimulation and then after pre-stimulation a higher magnetic reluctance.
  • the structure of this surface is variable according to the designed motor type and pre-stimulation timing.
  • Both parts of PS units in A2A PS motors is consisting of one each PS group.
  • One each magnet is present in each PS group and the PS pole surfaces is reciprocal in an angle of 180 degree.
  • PS protrusions (la) are in reciprocal situations and the magnets are in a position that one is in front and the other one is in back towards the movement direction so in this case rotor movement is in one way and this way is towards the direction to where the PS groups become reciprocal after pre-stimulation.
  • the coils are wrapped to include the whole PS group and the coil magnetic flux forms a circuit by passing through both PS protrusion and the magnets.
  • PM passive magnet
  • PS motors are electromechanical designs that are produced through considering the structure of PS units and the features of PS technique as a base. This invention covers all electromechanical systems where a smallest unit in which the interaction between electrical and mechanical energies of an electromechanical system is provided as a PS unit.
  • PS motors are produced by the connection of PS units side by side or in intervals at the movement direction, within a structural, electrical, magnetic and mechanic design integrity.
  • a structural integrity might be constituted through forming the rotor and stator cores of the ferromagnetic parts of PS units by joining at a linear and circular structure, and through designing the rotor so that it can move in a determined movement direction.
  • a pole that is formed by applying electric current on a coil is called a "phase pole".
  • a phase pole can be designed by involving more than one PS unit. In this case all PS units existing at the phase pole shall be fed by an electromagnetic flux produced by a common coil.
  • the PS motors should be controlled by an electronic circuit. Therefore, from the point of both construction and usage, it is more appropriate that the phase poles where coils exist shall be at the stator.
  • PS motors are generally controlled by two or three phase currents with different phases.
  • Each phase current can be applied to one or more phase poles in serial or in parallel.
  • the most suitable coil structure designed for a motor model shall achieve the electrical integrity.
  • the magnetic currents in an electric motor should form circuit by easily passing through the rotor and stator parts and the magnetisation of these parts affected by a single magnetic pole should be prevented. Therefore, the number of magnets having N and S poles at all pole surfaces should be equal.
  • some motor models have N and S pole magnet at the movement direction or have PS groups (Fig. 5, 6)
  • some other motor models have all magnets with same pole at the movement direction. In such a case, PS groups should be designed at least in two lines with opposite poles (Fig. 7, 10) and the magnetic balance should be maintained.
  • a PS motor produces mechanic energy by being fed by the magnetic force difference between active and passive parts.
  • all active parts should have such a force that supports the rotor motion.
  • Providing this feature is very simple in mono phase PS motor model. For this, it is generally sufficient to order the past at rotor and stator which the same number, same distance or same angle (Fig. 11).
  • the above mentioned parts at stator and rotor are generally different in number and the mentioned feature is provided with the share of this difference as distance or angle difference to each phase pole.
  • Such features are also commonly known features that features that constitute the mechanic integrity.
  • Magnetic and Mechanic Features of Pre-stimulation If a magnetic flux that is produced when a current is sent to the coil of a PS unit is in a trend that will activate a magnet or magnets at the PS group, the magnetic flux of the magnet is strengthened. At the same time, a significant deal of coil's magnetic flux forms a circuit by passing through the PS protrusion with low reluctance. The magnetic flux of the magnet and the magnetic flux of PS protrusion produce a greater magnetic flux by coming together, and consequently, the magnetic flux intensity increases. Because the magnetic forces are proportional to the square of magnetic flux intensity, the force increase around PS protrusion becomes much greater. Such a feature is called "magnetic doping".
  • Magnetic and mechanic features of the PS unit may be examined.
  • the interaction surface of the force wing should be approximately as active and passive parts.
  • the active and passive parts are as much as the surface of a magnet's pole. The motion of the force wing will be examined from the front of a magnet pole to another magnet pole.
  • Pre Stimulation The effect of the pre-stimulation is electrical and it is explained in detail at the electrical features section.
  • the electric current is increased in order to effectively make use of doping feature of the active part.
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet in the front of the force wing joins with the magnetic flux of the PS protrusion and it makes an angle at the backside due to intensity at the front side.
  • the great magnetic force produced by the effect of the magnetic doping forms a significant force supporting the rotor motion by the help of this angle, and as a result of this, the mechanic energy is obtained.
  • PS motors are comprised of more than one PS group, the motor designs are carried out taking the variables such as the poles of PS groups or current direction into consideration on condition that a PS group should be active while the other one is passive.
  • the magnetic flux passing into the coil during a phase current frequently changes in electric motors and such a change results in an opposite induction (EMF) to the electric current.
  • EMF opposite induction
  • the Pre Stimulation technique is a technique that allows a great deal of, entire or more magnetic flux change that will be produced during phase current at the beginning of the phase and with a small amount of current.
  • Pre-stimulation starts with phase current in PS motors.
  • a magnetic flux as great as possible with a small current and in a short time passes from the PS protrusion and force core or other PS protrusion, and the pre-stimulation is realised.
  • the electrical feature of the pre-stimulation technique is the consuming of a very little electric energy by means of producing magnetic flux that passes from the PS protrusion with a very little current and in a very short time.
  • Such magnetic flux may, in a great deal or completely, prevent formation of higher opposite induction by neutering a great deal or entire of magnet's magnetic fluxes that result in opposite induction at the time of high electric current.
  • This feature allows the electric energy to be very low, which was given at a high working current following the pre-stimulation.
  • the great amount of the electric energy given in the PS motors is the amount that converts into heat on coil resistance. Therefore, the productivity is very high.
  • PS Motor Models It was indicated that PS motors that are application of pre-stimulation technique could be designed as various models in three separate classes. On one hand some of those models have very simple structure; on the other some others have superior features and more complicated structures. What important is to choose a motor that is adequate for the place to be used and that meets required features, and to manufacture the motor in a design suitable for its usage area.
  • Various PS motor Models are exemplified below and their structures and features are explained. These motor models are the important models that represent PS motor system best, and they are presented to give informational examples. Different designs can be obtained from these models and such designs cannot be excluded from the range of this invention.
  • A- Reluctance type PS Motors These are motor types that have force wings (3a) resembling a gear or gear part at the other side of the PS groups. These motors generally produce mechanic energy by making use of the force difference between the force wings and the active and passive parts.
  • Various motor models can be designed in this type.
  • NS Motors In this model, PS poles or magnets neighbour to each other are lined with an "N" and an "S" pole.
  • a phase pole is consisting of least two PS groups that aligned in opposite poles and side by side of a phase pole. So that, the rotor part is consisting of force core in gear shape made of the force wings (Fig. 5).
  • the rotor in the types in which the PS groups are present in rotor is consisting of the PS group aligned side by side opposite poles.
  • the phase poles in stator are designed in a manner that will consist of a force wing or wings as a gear part (Fig. 6).
  • the force wings must be designed in a manner that an intrusion should be present between the two force wings which are in opposite direction of passive PS poles and one each force wings in opposite of active PS poles in this phase pole when the current is applied to the phase pole.
  • NS Stimulation Motors These motors have the phase poles that aligned with a definite space or angle in movement direction.
  • a PS group is existing in each phase pole. PS groups are designed in a manner that one raw as "N" pole and the other parallel raw as "S" pole in movement direction.
  • the rotor part is consisting of the force core in the shape of gear formed by the force wing (Fig. 7). If the current having one phase pole as "N" is applied in these motors, then the current for which the next phase poles to be “S” poles is necessary to be applied. In this case the side by side PS poles align as one active and one passive. Generally a rotor design for a force wing against two PS groups must be arranged. But by the purpose of creating a phase difference, it is designed in a manner that an extra one force wing will be present in general.
  • PM Motors These are PS motor models where passive magnetised PS units constitute integrity side by side, circular or perpendicular at the movement directional. PS groups are at the stator side and the coils are wrapped over the PS protrusion (Fig. 8). There is only one magnet between two PS protrusions and the poles at the interaction surface of the neighbour magnets are opposite to each other.
  • the rotor part is formed by the force core resembling a gear but the thickness of the force wings is less than the other models and the distance between two force wings is more.
  • PM Motors run like the other models and mechanic energy is obtained by making use of the magnetic doping effect. Magnet's magnetic flux change caused by force wings most probably prevents forming of induction by passing into the coil. By this way, a great deal of the opposite induction produced at the moment of pre-stimulation produces positive induction in the end of the phase.
  • PS Motors Most of the magnet electric motors being used at present are the electric motors that run with the principle of pulling one opposite pole and pushing the other pole of an electromagnetic pole. PS motor models resembling such motors are classified as conventional type (Fig. 9). In this type of motors, the stator is formed by side-by-side lined phase poles at the movement direction, and the rotor is formed by PS groups with opposite pole. These motor types can be designed like conventional motors without brush.
  • A2A PS motors are the PS motors that have similar structure with my invention of PCT/TR 00/00054 numbered patent application called A2A Motors.
  • the only difference compared to A2A Motors is the usage of single magnet PS groups instead of magnets.
  • the ferromagnetic parts at the A2A Motors are in the gear form, there is no need for this in PS motor types.
  • Such motors have the advantages of both A2A and PS techniques. The structure and features of two models are mentioned below as an example for that type of motors.
  • A2A PS Motors with Phase Pole This is an A2A structured motor model whose stator part is formed by phase poles and each phase pole has the least PS group (Fig. 10), Because the magnets at the movement direction have the same poles, rotor and stator are designed so that at least two lines PS group with opposite poles is obtained in order to provide the magnetic integrity. In this model, at one phase only one line PS groups can make pre-stimulation. The other line runs in normal A2A system.
  • A2A PS Motors with Active Rotor This is an A2A type PS motor model where single phase coil locates at the stator but forms poles at the lower and upper sides of the rotor (Fig. 11).
  • the stator has a pipe-like structure. Its outer side is completely formed with ferromagnetic core and there is a cylinder-like coil in the middle part; there are PS groups lined in different angles in a single line at both sides of the coil.
  • the rotor is designed so as to enter the inner part of the stator and form the A2A basic structure. In this model, all PS groups having adequate phase can make pre-stimulation and a great torque is formed by the effect of magnetic doping. However, no important magnetic force is produced in the other opposite phase current at the motion direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des moteurs électriques construits au moyen d'une technique magnétique intitulée 'Pré-Stimulation'. L'unité PS est l'unité la plus petite représentant la caractéristique de l'invention et la base des moteurs PS. Une unité PS est constituée de deux parties, l'une sur le rotor et l'autre sur le stator. Ces parties, dans des moteurs de type classique, comprennent un groupe PS et un électroaimant présentant des surfaces anti-polaires; dans des moteurs de type à réluctance, lesdites parties consistent en un groupe PS et une aile de force (3a) au lieu du pôle PS; dans des moteurs de type A2A, les parties consistent en deux groupes PS présentant des surfaces anti-polaires. Les deux parties de l'unité PS sont situées sur le trajet du flux magnétique d'une bobine (4). Un groupe PS comprend une saillie PS (1a) et un ou deux aimants (2).
PCT/TR2001/000061 2000-12-06 2001-12-04 Moteurs ps WO2002047237A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002216606A AU2002216606A1 (en) 2000-12-06 2001-12-04 Hibrid excitation motors

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR200003638 2000-12-06
TR2000/03638 2000-12-06

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002047237A1 true WO2002047237A1 (fr) 2002-06-13
WO2002047237A8 WO2002047237A8 (fr) 2002-08-29

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007033871A1 (fr) * 2005-09-22 2007-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Module dente pour des elements primaires de moteurs synchrones excites par aimants permanents
EP2149963A3 (fr) * 2008-07-09 2010-10-13 Kaech Motors AG Moteur à spin magnétique

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1453957A (fr) * 1965-07-30 1966-08-22 Dispositif à induction électromagnétique à noyaux feuilletés
US4972112A (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-11-20 Kim Dae W Brushless DC motor
US5117144A (en) * 1988-08-25 1992-05-26 Toeroek Vilmos Electric motor
JPH05304752A (ja) * 1992-04-23 1993-11-16 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 電気自動車駆動用交流電動機
US6133664A (en) * 1996-05-30 2000-10-17 Vilmos Torok Self-starting brushless electric motor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1453957A (fr) * 1965-07-30 1966-08-22 Dispositif à induction électromagnétique à noyaux feuilletés
US5117144A (en) * 1988-08-25 1992-05-26 Toeroek Vilmos Electric motor
US4972112A (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-11-20 Kim Dae W Brushless DC motor
JPH05304752A (ja) * 1992-04-23 1993-11-16 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 電気自動車駆動用交流電動機
US6133664A (en) * 1996-05-30 2000-10-17 Vilmos Torok Self-starting brushless electric motor

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IWABUCHI N ET AL: "A NOVEL HIGH-TORQUE RELUCTANCE MOTOR WITH RARE-EARTH MAGNET", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, IEEE INC. NEW YORK, US, vol. 30, no. 3, 1 May 1994 (1994-05-01), pages 609 - 613, XP000459019, ISSN: 0093-9994 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 109 (E - 1513) 22 February 1994 (1994-02-22) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007033871A1 (fr) * 2005-09-22 2007-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Module dente pour des elements primaires de moteurs synchrones excites par aimants permanents
US7737597B2 (en) 2005-09-22 2010-06-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Toothed module for primary parts of permanent-magnet synchronous motors
EP2149963A3 (fr) * 2008-07-09 2010-10-13 Kaech Motors AG Moteur à spin magnétique

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WO2002047237A8 (fr) 2002-08-29
AU2002216606A1 (en) 2002-06-18

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