WO2002044574A2 - Thrust compensation mechanism - Google Patents
Thrust compensation mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002044574A2 WO2002044574A2 PCT/US2001/046362 US0146362W WO0244574A2 WO 2002044574 A2 WO2002044574 A2 WO 2002044574A2 US 0146362 W US0146362 W US 0146362W WO 0244574 A2 WO0244574 A2 WO 0244574A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- fluid film
- pressurized
- generator
- combustor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
- F16C17/024—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with flexible leaves to create hydrodynamic wedge, e.g. radial foil bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
- F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
- F16C32/0685—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for radial load only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
- F16C32/0692—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for axial load only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/74—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
Definitions
- the present invention provides A pressurized bearing including a source of pressurized fluid, a fluid film bearing, a labyrinth seal, and a bearing surface rotatably supported between the fluid film bearing and the labyrinth seal by pressurized fluid.
- the present invention includes an improved machine including a rotating element supported for rotation by one or more pressurized bearings, each bearing having two or more seals to maintain pressure, the improvement being replacing a seal in each of the one or more pressurized bearings with a fluid film bearing.
- Fig. 1A is perspective view, partially in section, of an integrated turbogenerator system.
- Fig. IB is a magnified perspective view, partially in section, of the motor/generator portion of the integrated turbogenerator of Fig 1 A.
- Fig. 1C is an end view, from the motor/generator end, of the integrated turbogenerator of Fig. 1A.
- Fig. ID is a magnified perspective view, partially in section, of the combustor-turbine exhaust portion of the integrated turbogenerator of Fig. 1A.
- Fig. IE is a magnified perspective view, partially in section, of the compressor-turbine portion of the integrated turbogenerator of Fig. 1A.
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram schematic of a turbogenerator system including a power controller having decoupled rotor speed, operating temperature, and DC bus voltage control loops.
- Fig. 3 is a detailed cutaway drawing of an alternate embodiment of the bearing device of Fig ID.
- an integrated turbogenerator 1 generally includes motor/generator section 10 and compressor-turbine section 30.
- Compressor- turbine section 30 includes exterior can 32, compressor 40, combustor 50 and turbine 70.
- a recuperator 90 may be optionally included.
- motor/generator section 10 may be a permanent magnet motor generator having a permanent magnet rotor or sleeve 12. Any other suitable type of motor generator may also be used.
- Permanent magnet rotor or sleeve 12 may contain a permanent magnet 12M. Permanent magnet rotor or sleeve 12 and the permanent magnet disposed therein are rotatably supported within permanent magnet motor/generator stator 14.
- one or more compliant foil, fluid film, radial, or journal bearings 15A and 15B rotatably support permanent magnet rotor or sleeve 12 and the permanent magnet disposed therein.
- All bearings, thrust, radial or journal bearings, in turbogenerator 1 may be fluid film bearings or compliant foil bearings.
- Motor/generator housing 16 encloses stator heat exchanger 17 having a plurality of radially extending stator cooling fins 18.
- Stator cooling fins 18 connect to or form part of stator 14 and extend into annular space 10A between motor/generator housing 16 and stator 14.
- Wire windings 14W exist on permanent magnet motor/generator stator 14.
- combustor 50 may include cylmdrical inner wall 52 and cylindrical outer wall 54. Cylindrical outer wall 54 may also include air inlets 55. Cylindrical walls 52 and 54 define an annular interior space 50S in combustor 50 defining an axis 50 A. Combustor 50 includes a generally annular wall 56 further defining one axial end of the annular interior space of combustor 50. Associated with combustor 50 may be one or more fuel injector inlets 58 to accommodate fuel injectors which receive fuel from fuel control element 5 OP as shown in Fig. 2, and inject fuel or a fuel air mixture to interior of 5 OS combustor 50. Inner cylindrical surface 53 is interior to cylindrical inner wall 52 and forms exhaust duct 59 for turbine 70.
- Turbine 70 may include turbine wheel 72. An end of combustor 50 opposite annular wall 56 further defines an aperture 71 in turbine 70 exposed to turbine wheel 72.
- Bearing rotor 74 may include a radially extending thrust bearing portion, bearing rotor thrust disk 78, constrained by bilateral thrust bearings 78A and 78B.
- Bearing rotor 74 may be rotatably supported by one or more journal bearings 75 within center bearing housing 79.
- Bearing rotor thrust disk 78 at the compressor end of bearing rotor 74 is rotatably supported preferably by a bilateral thrust bearing 78 A and 78B.
- Journal or radial bearing 75 and thrust bearings 78A and 78B may be fluid film or foil bearings.
- compressor 40 may include compressor impeller 42 and compressor impeller housing 44.
- Recuperator 90 may have an annular shape defined by cylmdrical recuperator inner wall 92 and cylindrical recuperator outer wall 94.
- Recuperator 90 contains internal passages for gas flow, one set of passages, passages 33 connecting from compressor 40 to combustor 50, and one set of passages, passages 97, connecting from turbine exhaust 80 to turbogenerator exhaust output 2.
- FIG. IB and Fig. 1C in operation, air flows into primary inlet 20 and divides into compressor air 22 and motor/generator cooling air 24.
- Motor/generator cooling air 24 flows into annular space 10A between motor/generator housing 16 and permanent magnet motor/generator stator 14 along flow path 24A.
- Heat is exchanged from stator cooling fins 18 to generator cooling air 24 in flow path 24A, thereby cooling stator cooling fins 18 and stator 14 and forming heated air 24B.
- Warm stator cooling air 24B exits stator heat exchanger 17 into stator cavity 25 where it further divides into stator return cooling air 27 and rotor cooling air 28.
- Rotor cooling air 28 passes around stator end 13 A and travels along rotor or sleeve 12.
- Stator return cooling air 27 enters one or more cooling ducts 14D and is conducted through stator 14 to provide further cooling.
- Stator return cooling air 27 and rotor cooling air 28 rejoin in stator cavity 29 and are drawn out of the motor/generator 10 by exhaust fan 11 which is connected to rotor or sleeve 12 and rotates with rotor or sleeve 12.
- Exhaust air 27B is conducted away from primary air inlet 20 by duct 10D.
- compressor 40 receives compressor air 22.
- Compressor impeller 42 compresses compressor air 22 and forces compressed gas 22C to flow into a set of passages 33 in recuperator 90 connecting compressor 40 to combustor 50.
- heat is exchanged from walls 98 of recuperator 90 to compressed gas 22C.
- heated compressed gas 22H flows out of recuperator 90 to space 35 between cylindrical inner surface 82 of turbine exhaust 80 and cylindrical outer wall 54 of combustor 50.
- Heated compressed gas 22H may flow into combustor 54 through sidewall ports 55 or main inlet 57.
- Fuel (not shown) may be reacted in combustor 50, converting chemically stored energy to heat.
- Hot compressed gas 51 in combustor 50 flows through turbine 70 forcing turbine wheel 72 to rotate.
- Turbine 70 is designed so that exhaust gas 107 flowing from combustor 50 through turbine 70 enters cylindrical passage 59. Partially cooled and decompressed gas in cylindrical passage 59 flows axially in a direction away from permanent magnet motor/generator section 10, and then radially outward, and then axially in a direction toward permanent magnet motor/generator section 10 to passages 97 of recuperator 90, as indicated by gas flow arrows 108 and 109 respectively.
- low pressure catalytic reactor 80A may be included between fuel injector inlets 58 and recuperator 90.
- Low pressure catalytic reactor 80A may include internal surfaces (not shown) having catalytic material (e.g., Pd or Pt, not shown) disposed on them.
- Low pressure catalytic reactor 80A may have a generally annular shape defined by cylindrical inner surface 82 and cylindrical low pressure outer surface 84. Unreacted and incompletely reacted hydrocarbons in gas in low pressure catalytic reactor 80A react to convert chemically stored energy into additional heat, and to lower concentrations of partial reaction products, such as harmful emissions including nitrous oxides (NOx).
- NOx nitrous oxides
- Gas 110 flows through passages 97 in recuperator 90 connecting from turbine exhaust 80 or catalytic reactor 80A to turbogenerator exhaust output 2, as indicated by gas flow arrow 112, and then exhausts from turbogenerator 1, as indicated by gas flow arrow 113.
- Gas flowing through passages 97 in recuperator 90 connecting from turbine exhaust 80 to outside of turbogenerator 1 exchanges heat to walls 98 of recuperator 90.
- Walls 98 of recuperator 90 heated by gas flowing from turbine exhaust 80 exchange heat to gas 22C flowing in recuperator 90 from compressor 40 to combustor 50.
- Turbogenerator 1 may also include various electrical sensor and control lines for providing feedback to power controller 201 and for receiving and implementing control signals as shown in Fig. 2.
- air 22 may be replaced by a gaseous fuel mixture.
- fuel injectors may not be necessary.
- This embodiment may o include an air and fuel mixer upstream of compressor 40.
- fuel may be conducted directly to compressor 40, for example by a fuel conduit connecting to compressor impeller housing 44. Fuel and air may be mixed by action of the compressor impeller 42. In this embodiment, fuel injectors may not be necessary.
- combustor 50 may be a catalytic combustor.
- Permanent magnet motor/generator section 10 and compressor/combustor section 30 may have low pressure catalytic reactor 80 A 0 outside of annular recuperator 90, and may have recuperator 90 outside of low pressure catalytic reactor 80A.
- Low pressure catalytic reactor 80A may be disposed at least partially in cylindrical passage 59, or in a passage of any shape confined by an inner wall of combustor 50.
- a first control loop, temperature control loop 228, regulates a temperature related to the desired operating temperature of primary combustor 50 to a set point, by varying fuel flow from fuel control element 50P to primary combustor 50.
- Temperature controller 228C receives a temperature set point, T*, from temperature set point source 232, and receives a measured temperature from temperature sensor 226S connected to measured temperature line 226.
- Temperature controller 228C generates and transmits over fuel control signal line 230 to fuel pump 5 OP a fuel control signal for controlling the amount of fuel supplied by fuel pump 5 OP to primary combustor 50 to an amount intended to result in a desired operating temperature in primary combustor 50.
- Temperature sensor 226S may directly measure the temperature in primary combustor 50 or may measure a temperature of an element or area from which the temperature in the primary combustor 50 may be inferred.
- a second control loop, speed control loop 216 controls speed of the shaft common to the turbine 70, compressor 40, and motor/generator 10, hereafter referred to as the common shaft, by varying torque applied by the motor generator to the common shaft. Torque applied by the motor generator to the common shaft depends upon power or current drawn from or pumped into windings of motor/generator 10.
- Bi-directional generator power converter 202 is controlled by rotor speed controller 216C to transmit power or current in or out of motor/generator 10, as indicated by bi-directional arrow 242.
- a sensor in turbogenerator 1 senses the rotary speed on the common shaft and transmits that rotary speed signal over measured speed line 220.
- a third control loop controls bus voltage on DC bus
- Bus voltage controller 234C receives the measured voltage signal from voltage line 236 and a voltage set point signal N* from voltage set point source 238. Bus voltage controller 234C generates and transmits signals to bi-directional load power converter 206 and bi-directional battery power converter 212 controlling their transmission of power or voltage between DC bus 204, load/grid 208, and energy storage device 210, respectively. In addition, bus voltage controller 234 transmits a control signal to control connection of dynamic brake resistor 214 to DC bus 204.
- Power controller 201 regulates temperature to a set point by varying fuel flow, adds or removes power or current to motor/generator 10 under control of generator power converter 202 to control rotor speed to a set point as indicated by bi-directional arrow 242.
- Power controller 201 also controls bus voltage to a set point by (1) applying or removing power from DC bus 204 under the control of load power converter 206 as indicated by bidirectional arrow 244, (2) applying or removing power from energy storage device 210 under the control of battery power converter 212, and (3) by removing power from DC bus 204 by modulating the connection of dynamic brake resistor 214 to DC bus 204.
- thrust disk 78 may be supported by thrust bearing 78A and bearing 78B may be replaced by a labyrinth seal 78S or other suitable seal device.
- Impeller bleed air 40B may be drawn from impeller port 73 to pressurize thrust compensation system 43.
- thrust bearing 78 A in place of a conventional labyrinth seal provides sealing action in region S and helps form a pressure differential between point 78' and point 78" with the pressure at point 78' to be higher that the pressure at point 78".
- the pressure drop across thrust disk 78 may cause thrust disk 78 to operate as a thrust piston.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002225899A AU2002225899A1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2001-12-03 | Thrust compensation mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US25076100P | 2000-12-01 | 2000-12-01 | |
US60/250,761 | 2000-12-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002044574A2 true WO2002044574A2 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
WO2002044574A3 WO2002044574A3 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
Family
ID=22949029
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/046362 WO2002044574A2 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2001-12-03 | Thrust compensation mechanism |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2002225899A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002044574A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9051873B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2015-06-09 | Icr Turbine Engine Corporation | Ceramic-to-metal turbine shaft attachment |
US10094288B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2018-10-09 | Icr Turbine Engine Corporation | Ceramic-to-metal turbine volute attachment for a gas turbine engine |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011109514A1 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-09 | Icr Turbine Engine Corporatin | Dispatchable power from a renewable energy facility |
US8984895B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2015-03-24 | Icr Turbine Engine Corporation | Metallic ceramic spool for a gas turbine engine |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE434084C (en) * | 1981-04-15 | 1985-08-20 | Sven Schriwer | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR TAKING ANY HYDROSTATIC OR AEROSTATIC STORAGE IMAGES |
US5271676A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1993-12-21 | General Electric Company | Combination package tilt pad journal bearing/dual self equalizing thrust bearings, with hydrostatic lift provisions |
JP2000260111A (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-22 | Sony Corp | Motor |
US6286303B1 (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2001-09-11 | Allied Signal, Inc. | Impingement cooled foil bearings in a gas turbine engine |
-
2001
- 2001-12-03 WO PCT/US2001/046362 patent/WO2002044574A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-12-03 AU AU2002225899A patent/AU2002225899A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9051873B2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2015-06-09 | Icr Turbine Engine Corporation | Ceramic-to-metal turbine shaft attachment |
US10094288B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2018-10-09 | Icr Turbine Engine Corporation | Ceramic-to-metal turbine volute attachment for a gas turbine engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2002225899A1 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
WO2002044574A3 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
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