WO2002033347A2 - Verfahren zum ermitteln der ausrichtung eines zylindrischen körpers bezüglich einer referenzrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum ermitteln der ausrichtung eines zylindrischen körpers bezüglich einer referenzrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002033347A2 WO2002033347A2 PCT/DE2001/003797 DE0103797W WO0233347A2 WO 2002033347 A2 WO2002033347 A2 WO 2002033347A2 DE 0103797 W DE0103797 W DE 0103797W WO 0233347 A2 WO0233347 A2 WO 0233347A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- angle
- probe
- measuring
- radial
- determined
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/272—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes using photoelectric detection means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the orientation of a cylindrical body, in particular a shaft or roller, with respect to a reference direction, which is predetermined in particular by another roller or shaft.
- a method for parallel alignment of shafts or rollers wherein a position measuring probe is used which comprises at least one optical gyroscope and is provided with a contact surface for defined attachment to the body to be aligned, which is a flat angle from two to one another including flat surface sections. Furthermore, the position measuring probe is provided with a double-acting inclinometer for determining the angular position of the position measuring probe with respect to the vertical.
- the procedure is such that a reference position is first determined by attaching the position measuring probe to the first body in a predetermined first measuring plane, and then the position of the second body in a with the first within a predetermined period after the reference position has been determined Measuring plane matching or parallel to this plane is determined by attaching the position measuring probe to the second body. If necessary, further position measurements of this type, ie determination of the reference position on the first body with subsequent position measurement on the second body, can be carried out in a second measuring plane, which includes a defined angle, for example 90 °, with the first measuring plane. The respective measurements take place in that the position measuring probe, if it the bodies to be aligned are shafts or rollers to which the circumferential surface of the same is attached manually.
- the waves are rotated into at least five different freely selectable measuring angle positions in which the measurements are taken, the measuring signals being treated as vectors of the same origin or pairs of values in a plane coordinate system, further using a computer using optimization methods, in particular the method of smallest squares of error, the characteristic data of the geometric location of the measured values that would result from rotating the shafts by 360 °, and using the characteristic data of the curve determined in this way, taking into account the determined angular positions and the known direction of rotation of the shafts when rotating into the measuring angle positions by means of the spatial position of the waves relative to one another is determined by the computer.
- the problem arises due to the practical limitation of the dimensions of a position measuring probe to be attached and the resulting limited size of the attachment or contact surface of the position measuring probe that the orientation of the position measuring probe with respect to a rotation about an axis perpendicular to that Longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body and perpendicular to the circumferential surface is no longer very precisely determined by the geometry of the circumferential surface and the contact surface, ie in the case of a horizontally lying roller, for example when the position measuring probe is placed on the top of the roller, the elevation angle of the position measuring probe is determined by determines the mechanical contact relatively precisely, but not the azimuth angle. To increase the accuracy of the azimuth angle of the position measuring probe in this case, the distance between the two attachment edges of the contact surface would have to be and / or their length are increased, but this is practically limited for reasons of cost and manageability.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a roller with attached position measuring probe
- Fig. 2 shows schematically a cross-sectional view of a roller with a position measuring probe attached in different measuring positions
- Fig. 4 shows an alternative to the representation of Fig. 3.
- a substantially horizontally lying roller 10 is shown with a peripheral surface 12, on the top of which a position measuring probe 14 is attached, which has on its underside a contact surface or attachment surface, which in the schematic representation of Fig. 1 of two elongated Cylinder 16 is formed, which are arranged parallel to each other at a certain distance, so that the probe 14 in is in mechanical contact with the roller circumferential surface 12 essentially over two parallel lines.
- the probe 14 is preferably provided with three optical gyroscopes, for example fiber-optic gyroscopes, each of which forms an optical ring, each optical gyroscope detecting a rotation about an axis perpendicular to its ring plane.
- the three ring planes are expediently perpendicular to one another.
- FIG. 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a reference direction with respect to which the orientation of the roller 10 is to be determined, the horizontal tilt angle ⁇ h and the vertical tilt angle ⁇ v of the roller axis 20 with respect to the reference direction 18 being obtained as a result of the alignment measurement.
- the reference direction 18 is predetermined, for example, by the orientation of the axis of a second roller or shaft.
- the probe 14 is calibrated to the reference direction 18, in which case one of the optical gyroscopes of the probe 14 then detects a first tilting angle of the probe 14 and another optical gyroscope detects a second tilting angle of the probe 14 with respect to the reference direction 18, the first tilting angle indicates the angle of rotation of the probe about a first direction 24 perpendicular to the reference direction 18 (see FIG. 2) and the second tilt angle indicates the angle of rotation of the probe about a second direction 26 perpendicular to the reference direction 18 and the first direction (as The reference clearing serves for the zero point for the first and the second tilt angle).
- the first tilt angle of the probe 14 is referred to below as the “radial angle”, while the second tilt angle of the probe 14 is referred to as the “tangential angle.”
- the third optical gyroscope of the probe 14 detects the angle of rotation of the probe 14 about the reference direction 18 A direction 22 which is perpendicular to the reference direction 18 serves as the zero point, this direction being formed by the vertical in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the angle by which the probe around the reference direction 18 with respect to this direction, ie the vertical, is twisted, is referred to below as "roll angle".
- the terms radial, tangential or roll angles are intended to denote the instantaneous or current rotation of the position measuring probe about three axes which are stationary and mutually perpendicular in the coordinate system of the position measuring probe 14.
- the probe 14 shown in FIG. 1 due to the contact surface cylinder 16, it can only be displaced on the peripheral surface 12 of the roller 10, but cannot be rotated or tilted relative to the peripheral surface 12, ie the probe 14 can be attached to the roller 10 can only be moved in the longitudinal direction of the roll and in the circumferential direction of the roll 10, but is otherwise fixed in its orientation with respect to the roll 10.
- the position of the probe 14 with respect to the shaft 10 is essentially determined by the angle on the circumference 12 with respect to the roller axis 20 (the displacement along the roller axis 20 can be neglected for the present purposes). This angle is referred to below as the “angle of rotation ⁇ ”.
- the probe 14 lies essentially against the roller 10 in such a way that in the event of relatively small misalignments ⁇ v and ⁇ h of the roller 10 with respect to the reference direction 18 (which represents the case relevant in practice), the roll angle essentially corresponds to the rotation angle ⁇ (with the same calibration), ie the roll angle indicates the rotation of the probe 14 about the axis 18 approximately parallel to the roller axis 20, while the radial angle indicates the rotation of the probe 14 about a tangential axis which is substantially perpendicular to the roller axis 20 the circumferential surface 12 indicates axis 24 and the tangential angle indicates the rotation of the probe 14 about an axis 26 which is substantially perpendicular to the roller axis 20 and perpendicular to the circumferential surface 12.
- the measuring method according to the invention is essentially based on the knowledge that, for measuring positions with different rotation angles ⁇ , different measuring accuracies for the vertical or horizontal misorientation ⁇ v or ⁇ h of the roller 10 with respect to the reference direction 18 occur.
- both the vertical and the horizontal misalignment .DELTA.v or .DELTA.h can be determined from a single measurement, for example in the position shown in FIG. 1, assuming that the probe 14 lies exactly on top of the roller 10. ie the roll angle with respect to the horizontal 22 is exactly 0 °, the measured radial angle corresponds to the vertical misorientation ⁇ v and the measured tangential angle corresponds to the horizontal misorientation ⁇ h. If the roller diameter is large in relation to the dimensions of the probe 14, the tangential angle correlates relatively poorly with the corresponding roller orientation, owing to surface unevenness, while the radial angle correlates relatively well with the roller orientation. Accordingly, in the measuring position shown in FIG. 1, the direct measurement of the horizontal misorientation .DELTA.h over the tangential angle is associated with a relatively large measurement error, while the vertical misorientation .DELTA.v can be measured relatively accurately.
- the difference in rotational angle does not necessarily have to be 90 °. Rather, measurements can also be carried out in intermediate positions.
- the measuring positions can be uniform over a predetermined range distribute the angle of rotation, as indicated in FIG. 2.
- the measuring probe 14 can in each case be manually attached to the various measuring positions, or after the first attachment it can be brought into the individual measuring positions by manual displacement along the circumferential direction of the roller 10. Alternatively, however, it is also possible to firmly attach the probe 14 to the roller circumferential surface 12 before starting the measurement and then to bring it into the various measuring positions by rotating the roller 10 about its axis 20.
- each measuring position at least the roll angle and the radial angle are detected by the probe 14, the roll angle being set in the simplest case equal to the rotation angle and thus the dependence of the radial angle on the rotation angle is determined for the individual measurement positions.
- the desired vertical and horizontal misalignment ⁇ v or ⁇ h of the roller 10 can be determined. In the simplest case, this is done by using the two-dimensional rotation matrix with the measured roll angle as the rotation angle.
- Equation (1) gives the dependence of the radial angle on the roll angle for a specific ⁇ v and ⁇ h.
- the sought ⁇ v and ⁇ h can thus be determined from two measurements of the radial angle for two different roll angles (ie rotation angles). If only two measurements were made, ⁇ v and ⁇ h can be determined with maximum accuracy if the two measurement positions differ by 90 °. Basically, the accuracy of ⁇ v and ⁇ h increases with the number of different ones Measuring positions too. In this case, it is expedient to determine ⁇ v and ⁇ h by using optimization methods, such as curve fitting or compensation calculation, for example minimizing the squares of the errors. Since the measured values for the tangential angle are generally rather imprecise for the reasons mentioned, they are generally not used for the determination of ⁇ v and ⁇ h.
- FIG. 3 A schematic example of such a case is shown in FIG. 3, where the dependence of the measured radial angle on the roll angle or rotation angle ⁇ is shown in polar coordinates for a specific vertical and horizontal misalignment ⁇ v or ⁇ h of the roller.
- FIG. 4 shows an alternative representation to FIG. 3, in which the value of radial angle times cos ( ⁇ ) or radial angle times sin ( ⁇ ) is plotted against the roll angle.
- the simple model described above only applies as long as the tangential angle is relatively small, i.e. as long as the tangential angle is determined relatively precisely by a correspondingly designed contact surface of the probe 14 by the application of the probe 14 to the roller circumference 12 by the roller orientation.
- this may require a complex or bulky design of the probe 14, especially for large roller diameters.
- the measuring method described above can in principle also be used for cases in which the tangential angle is also applied of the probe 14 to the roller 10 is more or less undefined and can therefore also assume relatively large values. In this case, however, the tangential angle must be recorded in addition to the radial angle and the roll angle for each measurement.
- the respectively measured tangential angle is then used in order to convert the measured radial angle and the measured roll angle into a radial angle and a corrected roll angle which has been corrected with respect to the measured tangential angle and a corrected roll angle, these corrected values then being used instead the measured values are subjected to the evaluation described above.
- the corrected values are determined from a corresponding coordinate transformation.
- the contact surface of the probe 14 can in the extreme case simply be designed as a flat surface, so that as The contact area between the probe 14 and the roller peripheral surface 12 essentially results in only one straight line which lies in the peripheral surface 12 and is oriented parallel to the roller axis 20.
- the orientation of the probe 14 is only in a spatial direction, namely along the roller axis 20, by applying it to the roller circumference 12.
- This embodiment of the measuring probe 14 is indicated schematically in FIG. 2, the dashed lines indicating that the probe 14 is rolling on the circumference 12 of the roller 10, which leads to a changed angle of rotation ⁇ .
- Tilting of the probe 14 about the roller axis 20, i.e. a rolling of the probe 14 on the roller circumference 12 essentially corresponds to the transfer into a new measuring position with a correspondingly different rotation angle ⁇ , while a rotation of the probe 14 at the contact point about an axis that passes through the contact straight line and perpendicular to the roller axis 20 stands, ie a change in the tangential angle by measuring the tangential angle and taking into account the effect of the tangential angle on the meaning of the radial angle and the roll angle with regard to the orientation of the roller 10 by calculating the corrected roll angle and of the corrected radial angle can be compensated.
- a significantly simplified contact surface can be used for the probe 14.
- This embodiment of the probe 14 is based on the general concept that from complete knowledge of the position of the probe 14 in space with respect to the reference directions 18 and 22 in the coordinate system of the probe 14 (by measuring the radial, tangential and roll angle) and the knowledge of the shape of the body to be venned (cylinder surface) and the knowledge that the probe 14 lies on this cylinder surface 12 in every measuring position, the vertical and horizontal misalignment
- the decisive factor here is that the evaluation of the measurement data takes place in a favorably chosen coordinate system, which otherwise, as described above, is preferably carried out by curve fitting or compensation calculation with theoretically determined curves Embodiment, the measured Radial, tangential and roll angles are transformed into the corresponding coordinate system according to the geometric boundary conditions described above before the evaluation.
- the position measuring probe often does not give the actual measured value for the radial angle and. the tangential angle, but already uses the measured roll angle to transform the measurement results from the coordinate system of the probe into the laboratory coordinate system (ie the coordinate system of the factory building) and then outputs these transformed values, which are usually "pitch angles" and 'Naw angle' and would correspond to ⁇ v and ⁇ h in the present case (however, the roll angle is not transformed and corresponds to the roll angle considered so far).
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002536490A JP2004511793A (ja) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-05 | シリンダ状部材の基準方向に対する整列を判定するための方法 |
DE10194459T DE10194459D2 (de) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-05 | Verfahren zum ermitteln der Ausrichtung eines zylindrischen Körpers bezüglich einer Referenzrichtung |
AU2346002A AU2346002A (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-05 | Method for determining the orientation of a cylindrical body in relation to a reference direction |
CA002425377A CA2425377C (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-05 | Process for determining the alignment of a cylindrical body with respect to a reference direction |
AU2002223460A AU2002223460B2 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-05 | Method for determining the orientation of a cylindrical body in relation to a reference direction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/690,888 US6591218B1 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2000-10-18 | Process for determining the alignment of a cylindrical body with respect to a reference direction |
US09/690,888 | 2000-10-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002033347A2 true WO2002033347A2 (de) | 2002-04-25 |
WO2002033347A3 WO2002033347A3 (de) | 2002-09-06 |
Family
ID=24774381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/003797 WO2002033347A2 (de) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-05 | Verfahren zum ermitteln der ausrichtung eines zylindrischen körpers bezüglich einer referenzrichtung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6591218B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004511793A (de) |
AU (2) | AU2002223460B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2425377C (de) |
DE (1) | DE10194459D2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002033347A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102052897A (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-05-11 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 筒体中心与四中线的定位方法 |
CN103861871A (zh) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | 轧机传动轴定位方法及系统 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6792688B2 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2004-09-21 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch AG | Process and device for determining the alignment of a body with regard to a reference direction |
DE10301304A1 (de) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-08-12 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch AG | Verfahren und Messvorrichtung zum Ermitteln der Ausrichtung eines zylindrischen Körpers |
US6983549B2 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2006-01-10 | Mark Vincent Loen | Method to accurately measure small angular differences between surfaces |
EP2299239B1 (de) * | 2008-06-30 | 2015-08-19 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. | Wellenkurvenkalkulationssystem eines tubinenrotors |
US8417469B1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2013-04-09 | The Boeing Company | Force measurement |
CN103411566B (zh) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-01-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种气化炉接管部位壳体与内件对接的测量方法 |
CN104457672B (zh) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-03-22 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | 一种角规夹具的调试方法 |
DE102018006464B4 (de) * | 2018-08-16 | 2024-09-05 | Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Positionieren einer elektronischen Einheit an einer Erdbohrvorrichtung |
CN113714334A (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-30 | 山东磐金钢管制造有限公司 | 一种基于激光跟踪仪的矫直机中心线标定方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5579585A (en) * | 1994-10-17 | 1996-12-03 | Schaeffer; Michael | Free axis alignment apparatus and method for use |
EP0928951A2 (de) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-14 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch Ag | Lagemesssonde zum gegenseitigem Ausrichten von Körpern |
WO1999064818A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-09 | 1999-12-16 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques A.S.B.L. | Procede et dispositif de positionnement d'un objet par rapport a une direction de reference |
EP1092947A2 (de) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-18 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch Ag | Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Ausrichtung eines zylindrischen Körpers bezüglich einer Referenzrichtung |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3911307C2 (de) | 1989-04-07 | 1998-04-09 | Busch Dieter & Co Prueftech | Verfahren zum Feststellen, ob zwei hintereinander angeordnete Wellen hinsichtlich ihrer Mittelachse fluchten oder versetzt sind |
JP3587415B2 (ja) | 1996-11-29 | 2004-11-10 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | ロ−ル平行度測定装置 |
DE19710837C1 (de) * | 1997-03-15 | 1998-06-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Achsvermessung |
-
2000
- 2000-10-18 US US09/690,888 patent/US6591218B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-10-05 AU AU2002223460A patent/AU2002223460B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-10-05 WO PCT/DE2001/003797 patent/WO2002033347A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-05 CA CA002425377A patent/CA2425377C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-05 AU AU2346002A patent/AU2346002A/xx active Pending
- 2001-10-05 DE DE10194459T patent/DE10194459D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-05 JP JP2002536490A patent/JP2004511793A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5579585A (en) * | 1994-10-17 | 1996-12-03 | Schaeffer; Michael | Free axis alignment apparatus and method for use |
EP0928951A2 (de) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-14 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch Ag | Lagemesssonde zum gegenseitigem Ausrichten von Körpern |
WO1999064818A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-09 | 1999-12-16 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques A.S.B.L. | Procede et dispositif de positionnement d'un objet par rapport a une direction de reference |
EP1092947A2 (de) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-18 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch Ag | Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Ausrichtung eines zylindrischen Körpers bezüglich einer Referenzrichtung |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102052897A (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-05-11 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 筒体中心与四中线的定位方法 |
CN103861871A (zh) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | 轧机传动轴定位方法及系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004511793A (ja) | 2004-04-15 |
DE10194459D2 (de) | 2003-09-11 |
AU2002223460B2 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
WO2002033347A3 (de) | 2002-09-06 |
US6591218B1 (en) | 2003-07-08 |
CA2425377A1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
CA2425377C (en) | 2009-01-20 |
AU2346002A (en) | 2002-04-29 |
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