WO2002018764A1 - Procede de chauffage de catalyseurs montes dans les systemes d'echappement des gaz de moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Procede de chauffage de catalyseurs montes dans les systemes d'echappement des gaz de moteurs a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002018764A1
WO2002018764A1 PCT/DE2001/003230 DE0103230W WO0218764A1 WO 2002018764 A1 WO2002018764 A1 WO 2002018764A1 DE 0103230 W DE0103230 W DE 0103230W WO 0218764 A1 WO0218764 A1 WO 0218764A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
exhaust gas
measure
internal combustion
operating mode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/003230
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jens Wagner
Andreas Roth
Holger Bellmann
Detlef Heinrich
Klaus Winkler
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to US10/363,308 priority Critical patent/US6813879B2/en
Priority to EP01967014A priority patent/EP1315890A1/fr
Priority to JP2002522658A priority patent/JP2004507654A/ja
Publication of WO2002018764A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002018764A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
    • F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
    • F02D41/3023—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the stratified charge spark-ignited mode
    • F02D41/3029—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the stratified charge spark-ignited mode further comprising a homogeneous charge spark-ignited mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
    • F02D41/3076—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special conditions for selecting a mode of combustion, e.g. for starting, for diagnosing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • Catalysts in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines require a certain minimum temperature (light off temperature) in order to develop their pollutant-converting effect. This should be achieved as quickly as possible after a cold start.
  • engines that are operated with a lean fuel / air mixture for example in engines with gasoline direct injection and nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, further and sometimes changing demands on the catalytic converter temperature result, for example, from a necessary desulfurization of the storage catalytic converter during driving operation. Desulfation, for example, temporarily requires a higher catalyst temperature than is required for storing the nitrogen oxides in normal operation.
  • the engine In shift operation, the engine is operated with a strongly stratified cylinder charge and a large excess of air in order to achieve the lowest possible fuel consumption.
  • the stratified charge is achieved by means of a late fuel injection, which ideally leads to the combustion chamber being divided into two zones: the first zone contains a combustible air-fuel mixture cloud on the spark plug. It is surrounded by the second zone, the consists of an insulating layer of air and residual gas.
  • the potential for optimizing consumption results from the possibility of operating the engine largely unthrottled while avoiding gas exchange losses. Shift operation is preferred at a comparatively low load.
  • the engine is operated with a homogeneous cylinder charge.
  • the homogeneous cylinder charge results from early fuel injection during the intake process. As a result, there is more time available for mixture formation until combustion.
  • the potential of this operating mode for performance optimization results, for example, from the use of the entire combustion chamber volume for filling with a combustible mixture.
  • the object of the invention is to choose an optimal heating strategy in every operating state. This object is achieved with the features of claim 1.
  • the catalyst according to the invention is heated in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, which can be operated in different operating modes and in which at least one of several heating measures can be selected, so that it is initially estimated for several heating measures whether an individual heating measure provides the desired heating effect can and that it is further estimated whether an individual heating measure with regard to the exhaust gas values and the mode of operation of the internal combustion engine required to carry out the heating measure can be carried out in the current operating state and that the mode of operation in which the requirements can best be met is requested and that at least one possible heating measure is activated depending on the current operating mode.
  • the current operating state is characterized, for example, by values for the catalytic converter temperature, the vehicle speed and the current load.
  • One embodiment is characterized in that, as a measure, the efficiency of the engine combustion deteriorates by changing the ignition angle.
  • Another measure provides that, as a further measure, a post-injection fuel is carried out in an engine with direct gasoline injection after combustion.
  • Another measure provides that the post-injection is combined with shift operation. Another measure provides that the amount of air drawn in by the internal combustion engine is throttled to such an extent that the required heat flow is reached at a required temperature.
  • Another measure provides that an exhaust gas composition that differs from the stoichiometric exhaust gas composition is set for heating a NOx storage catalytic converter in homogeneous operation.
  • the invention also relates to an electronic control device for carrying out the measures and method steps.
  • the different operating modes of the internal combustion engine with gasoline direct injection allow different measures for heating the catalytic converter.
  • the assignment of heating measures and operating modes according to the invention enables the heating strategy to be optimized with a view to the operating state of the vehicle, which is determined, for example, by parameters such as catalytic converter temperature, vehicle speed and torque requirement.
  • the possible heating effects of different catalyst heating measures are advantageously estimated and compared with the heating effect requirement.
  • the heating effect requirement for heating a catalytic converter leads, for example, to physical requirements for the quantity and the temperature of the exhaust gas flow which must be provided by the heating measure.
  • the operating limits for the individual operating modes are also taken into account. This makes it possible to choose an optimal heating strategy in every operating state. All requirements for active heating measures are formulated as heat flow and temperature requirements in the exhaust gas. This means that all requirements can be treated consistently.
  • Exhaust gas sensor 12 can be, for example, a lambda probe whose Nernst voltage indicates the oxygen content in the exhaust gas and whose internal resistance is used as a measure of the probe, exhaust gas and / or catalyst temperature.
  • the exhaust gas is passed through at least one catalytic converter 15 as part of an exhaust gas system 16, in which pollutants from the exhaust gas are converted and / or temporarily stored.
  • control unit 5 From these and possibly other input signals via further parameters of the internal combustion engine such as intake air and Coolant temperature and so on, the control unit 5 forms output signals for setting the throttle valve angle alpha by an actuator 9 and for controlling a fuel injection valve 10, through which fuel is metered into the combustion chamber of the engine.
  • the control unit also controls the triggering of the ignition via an ignition device 11.
  • the throttle valve angle alpha and the injection pulse width ti are essential, coordinated manipulated variables. to realize the desired torque, the exhaust gas composition and the exhaust gas temperature and thus the catalyst temperature. Another essential control variable for influencing these variables is the angular position of the ignition relative to the piston movement.
  • the determination of the manipulated variables for setting the torque is the subject of DE 1 98 51 990, which is to be included in the disclosure to this extent.
  • control unit controls further functions to achieve efficient combustion of the fuel / air mixture in the combustion chamber, for example exhaust gas recirculation and / or tank ventilation, not shown.
  • the gas force resulting from the combustion is converted into a torque by pistons 13 and crank mechanism 14.
  • the catalytic converter temperature can be measured or modeled from the operating parameters of the engine.
  • the modeling of temperatures in the exhaust tract of internal combustion engines is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 5,590,521.
  • the engine control according to the invention requires minimum temperatures in the Exhaust system. Until these are reached, homogeneous operation with late ignition, for example, is required and stopped as a first measure. Once the necessary temperatures have been reached, post-injection is permitted as a possible alternative. There is a switch to shift operation with post-injection to generate a higher heat flow. The air flow is throttled so far that the required heat flow is achieved at a required temperature.
  • Throttling takes place in a first exemplary embodiment by a controlled closing of the throttle valve by a predetermined angle or to a predetermined opening angle.
  • the throttling is unregulated in this example.
  • the mixture composition should be close to 1 for maximum heat release near lambda. Dynamic driving with changing torque requirements can lead to temporary mixture enrichments with lambda values less than one. This can undesirably worsen the exhaust gas emissions.
  • the post-injection is advantageously regulated with the aid of the existing exhaust gas probe. This can prevent a breakthrough of rich exhaust gas. Breakthrough denotes the occurrence of HC emissions behind the catalyst. As a further advantage, the exothermic energy release is used at a maximum of 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in the form of a flow chart.
  • Catalyst temperature, vehicle speed, current load is allowed.
  • the various heating measures are calculated and evaluated based on physical requirements (heat flow and temperature).
  • the operating limits for the individual operating modes are also taken into account. This makes it possible to choose an optimal heating strategy in every operating state.
  • For each heating measure it is also checked whether it is possible in view of the exhaust gas values and the required operating mode in the current driving state, ie at the current catalytic converter temperature, vehicle speed and load. With this information, the individual heating measures can be evaluated depending on the operating state and a decision made for the best measure.
  • the assessment of a heating measure takes place in a slow time grid for each heating measure when there is a demand.
  • the necessary interventions are only calculated for the activated heating measure in a fast time grid in order to save computing time.
  • Efficiency deterioration due to late ignition is appropriate to increase the exhaust gas temperature. This can preferably be carried out in the operating mode with homogeneous operation. Accordingly, a switchover to homogeneous operation can take place in step 2.3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de chauffage d'un catalyseur (15) monté dans le système d'échappement des gaz d'un moteur à combustion interne (1) que l'on peut faire fonctionner selon divers modes de fonctionnement. Selon l'invention, au moins une action de chauffage faisant partie d'une pluralité d'actions de chauffage peut être sélectionnée, de telle sorte que plusieurs actions de chauffage sont d'abord évaluées, ce qui permet de déterminer si une action de chauffage individuelle peut produire l'effet de chauffage souhaité; ces actions de chauffage sont réévaluées, ce qui permet de déterminer si une action de chauffage individuelle peut être mise en oeuvre, en ce qui concerne les valeurs relatives aux gaz d'échappement et au mode de fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne, nécessaire à la mise en oeuvre de l'action de chauffage, dans l'état de fonctionnement actuel; en outre, le mode de fonctionnement avec lequel les exigences peuvent être remplies au mieux est requis; et, en fonction du mode de fonctionnement actuel, au moins une action de chauffage possible est lancée. L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif de commande électronique pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.
PCT/DE2001/003230 2000-09-02 2001-08-30 Procede de chauffage de catalyseurs montes dans les systemes d'echappement des gaz de moteurs a combustion interne WO2002018764A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/363,308 US6813879B2 (en) 2000-09-02 2001-08-30 Method for heating up catalysts in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines
EP01967014A EP1315890A1 (fr) 2000-09-02 2001-08-30 Procede de chauffage de catalyseurs montes dans les systemes d'echappement des gaz de moteurs a combustion interne
JP2002522658A JP2004507654A (ja) 2000-09-02 2001-08-30 内燃機関の排気ガスの中における触媒の加熱方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10043366.9 2000-09-02
DE10043366A DE10043366A1 (de) 2000-09-02 2000-09-02 Verfahren zur Aufheizung von Katalysatoren im Abgas von Verbrennungsmotoren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002018764A1 true WO2002018764A1 (fr) 2002-03-07

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PCT/DE2001/003230 WO2002018764A1 (fr) 2000-09-02 2001-08-30 Procede de chauffage de catalyseurs montes dans les systemes d'echappement des gaz de moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1315890A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004507654A (fr)
DE (1) DE10043366A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002018764A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1245815A3 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2003-01-08 Mazda Motor Corporation Moteur turbocompressé à allumage par étincelle et injection directe , méthode de commande, support de stockage lisible par ordinateur à cette fin.
WO2008080952A1 (fr) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de chauffage d'un catalyseur disposé dans la zone occupée par les gaz d'échappement d'un processus de combustion et dispositif en vue de la mise en œuvre du procédé
WO2019088187A1 (fr) * 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 株式会社デンソー Dispositif de commande et procédé de commande de système d'épuration de gaz d'échappement de véhicule

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10320891B4 (de) * 2003-05-09 2013-02-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Katalysatorheizverfahren und Steuergerät zur Steuerung von Katalysatorheizverfahren
JP2005256675A (ja) 2004-03-10 2005-09-22 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の運転制御方法及び内燃機関運転制御装置、並びに内燃機関
DE102004019831B4 (de) * 2004-04-23 2010-06-10 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102004021370A1 (de) 2004-04-30 2005-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Hybridfahrzeugs
DE102004021473B4 (de) * 2004-04-30 2012-08-30 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Aufheizung eines einer fremdgezündeten, direkteinspritzenden Brennkraftmaschine nachgeschalteten Abgaskatalysators
DE102007037350A1 (de) 2007-08-08 2009-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Antriebsvorrichtung sowie Antriebsvorrichtung
DE102021211056A1 (de) 2021-10-01 2023-04-06 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abgaskatalysators

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5590521A (en) 1993-11-10 1997-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for forming a simulated signal of the temperature of the exhaust gas, exhaust gas sensor or catalytic converter
US5642705A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-07-01 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Control system and method for direct fuel injection engine
JPH10153138A (ja) * 1996-11-21 1998-06-09 Mitsubishi Motors Corp 筒内噴射型内燃機関
WO2000008328A1 (fr) * 1998-08-03 2000-02-17 Mazda Motor Corporation Dispositif de commande pour moteur a injection directe
DE19836955A1 (de) * 1998-08-14 2000-03-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Erkennen und Aufrechterhalten der Betriebsbereitschaft eines NO¶x¶-Speicherkatalysators
DE19850586A1 (de) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
JP2000130212A (ja) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
USRE36737E (en) * 1995-02-03 2000-06-20 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Reduction of cold-start emissions and catalyst warm-up time with direct fuel injection
EP1026374A2 (fr) * 1999-02-08 2000-08-09 Mazda Motor Corporation Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5590521A (en) 1993-11-10 1997-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for forming a simulated signal of the temperature of the exhaust gas, exhaust gas sensor or catalytic converter
US5642705A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-07-01 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Control system and method for direct fuel injection engine
USRE36737E (en) * 1995-02-03 2000-06-20 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Reduction of cold-start emissions and catalyst warm-up time with direct fuel injection
JPH10153138A (ja) * 1996-11-21 1998-06-09 Mitsubishi Motors Corp 筒内噴射型内燃機関
WO2000008328A1 (fr) * 1998-08-03 2000-02-17 Mazda Motor Corporation Dispositif de commande pour moteur a injection directe
DE19836955A1 (de) * 1998-08-14 2000-03-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Erkennen und Aufrechterhalten der Betriebsbereitschaft eines NO¶x¶-Speicherkatalysators
JP2000130212A (ja) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
DE19850586A1 (de) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1026374A2 (fr) * 1999-02-08 2000-08-09 Mazda Motor Corporation Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 11 30 September 1998 (1998-09-30) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 08 6 October 2000 (2000-10-06) *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1245815A3 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2003-01-08 Mazda Motor Corporation Moteur turbocompressé à allumage par étincelle et injection directe , méthode de commande, support de stockage lisible par ordinateur à cette fin.
US6684630B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2004-02-03 Mazda Motor Corporation Direct-injection spark-ignition engine with a turbo charging device
WO2008080952A1 (fr) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de chauffage d'un catalyseur disposé dans la zone occupée par les gaz d'échappement d'un processus de combustion et dispositif en vue de la mise en œuvre du procédé
US8312709B2 (en) 2006-12-28 2012-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for heating a catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust-gas region of a combustion process, and device for carrying out the method
WO2019088187A1 (fr) * 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 株式会社デンソー Dispositif de commande et procédé de commande de système d'épuration de gaz d'échappement de véhicule

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Publication number Publication date
DE10043366A1 (de) 2002-03-14
EP1315890A1 (fr) 2003-06-04
JP2004507654A (ja) 2004-03-11

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