WO2002018521A2 - Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition - Google Patents
Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002018521A2 WO2002018521A2 PCT/EP2001/009262 EP0109262W WO0218521A2 WO 2002018521 A2 WO2002018521 A2 WO 2002018521A2 EP 0109262 W EP0109262 W EP 0109262W WO 0218521 A2 WO0218521 A2 WO 0218521A2
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- lubricating oil
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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Definitions
- This invention relates to lubricating oil compositions of low phosphorus content for use in conjunction with ultra-low sulphur gasoline compositions in order to reduce exhaust emissions without adversely affecting fuel economy.
- Fuels such as motor gasoline are widely used in automotive transport. However, in line with the general thrust to reduce air pollution, petroleum companies and vehicle manufacturers are looking to develop systems that have reduced exhaust emissions and improved fuel economy. The petroleum companies in turn are introducing fuels with low sulphur content as they are considered to be more compatible with exhaust catalyst systems. Such fuels are generally used in conjunction with lubricating oils which inevitably contain phosphorus in the form of eg zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP). It was believed that low sulphur motor gasoline may transfer less acid species in blow by and therefore impart less stress on the overbased detergency properties of the lubricating oil than would a motor gasoline which is relatively high in sulphur.
- ZDDP zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate
- low phosphorus lubricating oils can be used in conjunction with ultra-low sulphur fuels without adversely affecting the fuel economy performance or the efficiency of the exhaust catalyst system of a vehicle.
- the present invention is a lubricating oil composition used in conjunction with a gasoline fuel having a sulphur content of less than 10 ppm by weight, characterised in that said oil composition has a phosphorus content of no more than 0.05 % by weight.
- the invention is the use in an internal combustion engine operating on gasoline fuel having a sulphur content of less than 10 ppm by weight, of a lubricating oil composition having a phosphorous content of no more than 0.05 % by weight, for the purpose of reducing environmental pollution.
- the sulphur content of the fuel composition is less than 10 ppm by weight, is preferably less than 5 ppm by weight.
- the sulphur measurement methods used - were by X-ray (ASTM D2622-1) or by UN (ASTM D5453-93). Such low sulphur levels can be achieved in a number of ways.
- the base fuels may comprise mixtures of saturated, olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons and these can be derived from straight run streams, thermally or catalytically cracked hydrocarbon feedstocks, hydrocracked petroleum fractions, catalytically reformed hydrocarbons, or synthetically produced hydrocarbon mixtures such as those derived from methane.
- the present invention is applicable to fuels such as the light boiling gasoline (which typically boils between 50 and 200°C), especially motor gasoline.
- fuels such as the light boiling gasoline (which typically boils between 50 and 200°C), especially motor gasoline.
- the sulphur content of such fuels can be reduced below the 10 ppm level by well known methods such as eg, catalytic hydrodesulphurisation.
- the lubricating oil compositions used in conjunction with the ultra-low sulphur fuels in the present invention are suitably Group II, Group III or Group IN basestock as defined by the API and are preferably Group II basestock.
- These compositions suitably contain the conventional additives selected from the group consisting of: phenolic and/or aminic antioxidants, demulsifiers, viscosity index improvers, anti-wear agents, alkaline earth metal sulphonates, and polyisobutenyl succinimides which may optionally be borated.
- oils compositions suitably have: a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (KV 40 ) of about 75 cSt or less, preferably from 50-75 cSt, more preferably from 60-70 cSt (eg about 66-67 cSt); a KNioo of below 20 cSt, preferably from 10-15 cSt (eg about 11 cSt); a pout point below -20°C, preferably below -30°C (eg about -33°C); a flash point of above 200°C, preferably above 215°C (eg 220°C); a ⁇ OACK volatility of up to 15% (eg 14.3%); a TB ⁇ value of about 7, eg about 7.15-7.25, eg 7.19-7.22 based on mg of KOH per gram (according to ASTM 2896- 98); and a nitrogen content as measured by the Kjeldahl method of below 0.1% by mass, eg 0.08.
- a feature of the oil compositions of the present invention is that they have a considerably reduced amount of the anti-wear agent, ZDDP, and hence phosphorus therein.
- the conventional oil compositions have a phosphorus content of about 0.09- 1.0% by weight whereas the lubricating oil composition used in conjunction with the ultra- low sulphur fuels of the present invention need only have a phosphorus content of below 0.05%) by weight, eg about 0.046, which is about one-half of that used hitherto with low sulphur fuels.
- the ZDDP contributing towards the phosphorus content of the lubricating oils used in the present invention suitably have primary alkyl groups having.1-18 carbon atoms, secondary alkyl groups having 3-18 carbon atoms or a mixture of such primary and secondary alkyl groups.
- test schedule tabulated below shows that tests were carried out using low and high sulphur (S) motor gasoline (mogas) and lube oils with low and high phosphorus (P) levels.
- Tests 1 and 2 were conducted first and after the initial data were analysed the low S fuel in combination with a low P oil was tested.
- the compositions of the fuels and lubricating oils used are shown in Table 1 below:
- Tables 2-4 below show the formulation details and compositional analysis of these lube oils.
- the sump is flushed and filled with the oil under test ("Test oil”) before the test commences.
- Test oil the oil under test
- the cylinder head is removed and the level of intake valve and combustion chamber deposits measured (visual rating and/or weights).
- the engine was flushed with the low P oil prior to filling and then the test was run under the standard cycle. At the end of test the engine was dismantled and rated in the normal manner and the used oil was collected for analysis. Small (ca. 50ml) oil samples were collected during the test, after 24, 48 and 72 hours, so that effects could be monitored throughout the test.
- oil viscosity can be impacted in a number of ways, e.g. fuel dilution can reduce viscosity while oxidation and particulate suspension can increase it.
- S content of the oil can be increased through the transfer of combustion products via blow-by but could be reduced through the reaction of ZDDP or through fuel dilution.
- test 1 to test 2 to test 3 may give the impression of a gradual decrease in severity over time. .However, current knowledge of engine testing would not support this. Furthermore, the test engine was not new at the start of this study and thus had been fully n-in in earlier test work.
- Lube oils mn on low S mogas retain more anti-oxidancy performance at the end of test.
- the used oils from test 1 (high S mogas) had a slightly lower DSC degradation temperature and a slightly shorter induction time than the corresponding oils from test 2.
- the anti-oxidancy performance of the oil deteriorated when the ZDDP concentration was halved. This was to be expected since ZDDP is also known to have antioxidancy properties in addition to being an anti-wear agent. Thus, it may be necessary to supplement the amount of anti-oxidants used in the formulations for optimum performance.
- the fuel composition may also impact the rate of TBN loss and increase in TAN but only to a small extent -
- test 1 The oil n on high S mogas (test 1) has a higher TAN than that from test 2.
- test 3 The oil from test 3 (low P oil / low S mogas) showed the largest reduction in TBN
- test 1 The oil ran on high S mogas (test 1) shows a greater S increase than the fresh oil while the oil run on lower S mogas (test 2) has a slightly lesser S increase.
- test 2 When the low S mogas was mn with the low P oil the EOT oil had about the same S content as the fresh oil.
- Fuel composition does appear to impact lube oil performance in key areas. The largest effect observed was in anti-wear performance as reflected in the Fe content of the used oil.
- the low S mogas caused less wear than the high S mogas. Using the low S mogas, the P content of the oil could be halved with no detrimental effect in wear protection. Low S mogas also appears to have less of a detrimental effect on the anti-oxidancy and acid neutralisation (TBN) performance of the oil.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/344,390 US20040106527A1 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition |
JP2002524024A JP2004507609A (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition |
MXPA03001736A MXPA03001736A (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition. |
BR0113553-8A BR0113553A (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Use of a lubricating oil composition, and internal combustion engine operating methods, for reducing wear on an internal combustion engine, and reducing environmental pollution caused by operating an internal combustion engine |
EP01965187A EP1315787A2 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition |
CA2420248A CA2420248C (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0021041.9 | 2000-08-29 | ||
GBGB0021041.9A GB0021041D0 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2000-08-29 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002018521A2 true WO2002018521A2 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
WO2002018521A3 WO2002018521A3 (en) | 2002-05-10 |
Family
ID=9898353
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/009262 WO2002018521A2 (en) | 2000-08-29 | 2001-08-10 | Low phosphorus lubricating oil composition |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040106527A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1315787A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004507609A (en) |
AR (1) | AR030577A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0113553A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2420248C (en) |
GB (1) | GB0021041D0 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA03001736A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002018521A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1403359A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-31 | Infineum International Limited | Combination of a low ash lubricating oil composition and low sulfur fuel |
JP2005521824A (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2005-07-21 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | Method for operating an internal combustion engine by introducing a detergent into the combustion chamber |
GB2444354A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-04 | Afton Chemical Corp | Lubricant formulations containing ZDDP type compounds |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7585820B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2009-09-08 | Chevron Oronite Technology B.V. | Detergent composition for a low sulfur, low sulfated ash and low phosphorus lubricating oil for heavy duty diesel engines |
US8084403B2 (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2011-12-27 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant formulations and methods |
US20140187453A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Chevron Oronite LLC | Ultra-low saps lubricants for internal combustion engines |
US20140187455A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | Chevron Oronite LLC | Ultra-low saps lubricants for internal combustion engines |
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EP0280580A2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Low phosphorus lubricants |
EP0280579A2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Low phosphorus/low zinc lubricants |
US5672572A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1997-09-30 | Arai; Katsuya | Lubricating oil composition |
WO1999060080A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-25 | Infineum Usa L.P. | Lubricant compositions for and their use in internal combustion engines |
GB2360042A (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-12 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | Low sulphur fuel composition |
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US5110488A (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1992-05-05 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating compositions containing reduced levels of phosphorus |
US5629272A (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1997-05-13 | Oronite Japan Limited | Low phosphorous engine oil compositions and additive compositions |
US5840672A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1998-11-24 | Ethyl Corporation | Antioxidant system for lubrication base oils |
US5804537A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1998-09-08 | Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. | Crankcase lubricant compositions and method of improving engine deposit performance |
US6132479A (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 2000-10-17 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Low emission, non-oxygenated fuel composition |
EP1056819B1 (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2006-06-07 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Mixed phosphorus compounds and lubricants containing the same |
US6129835A (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-10-10 | International Fuel Cells, Llc | System and method for desulfurizing gasoline or diesel fuel to produce a low sulfur-content fuel for use in an internal combustion engine |
US6074993A (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2000-06-13 | Infineuma Usa L.P. | Lubricating oil composition containing two molybdenum additives |
US6533924B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2003-03-18 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method for desulfurizing gasoline or diesel fuel for use in an internal combustion engine |
US6408812B1 (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2002-06-25 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method of operating spark-ignition four-stroke internal combustion engine |
US6696393B1 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-02-24 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Methods and compositions for reducing wear in internal combustion engines lubricated with a low phosphorus content lubricating oil |
-
2000
- 2000-08-29 GB GBGB0021041.9A patent/GB0021041D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-08-10 MX MXPA03001736A patent/MXPA03001736A/en unknown
- 2001-08-10 US US10/344,390 patent/US20040106527A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-10 CA CA2420248A patent/CA2420248C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-10 WO PCT/EP2001/009262 patent/WO2002018521A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-08-10 EP EP01965187A patent/EP1315787A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-10 BR BR0113553-8A patent/BR0113553A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-10 JP JP2002524024A patent/JP2004507609A/en active Pending
- 2001-08-27 AR ARP010104084A patent/AR030577A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0280580A2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Low phosphorus lubricants |
EP0280579A2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Low phosphorus/low zinc lubricants |
US5672572A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1997-09-30 | Arai; Katsuya | Lubricating oil composition |
WO1999060080A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-25 | Infineum Usa L.P. | Lubricant compositions for and their use in internal combustion engines |
GB2360042A (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-12 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | Low sulphur fuel composition |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2005521824A (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2005-07-21 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | Method for operating an internal combustion engine by introducing a detergent into the combustion chamber |
EP2292722A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2011-03-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method of operating internal combustion engine by introducing detergent into combustion chamber |
EP1403359A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-31 | Infineum International Limited | Combination of a low ash lubricating oil composition and low sulfur fuel |
GB2444354A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-04 | Afton Chemical Corp | Lubricant formulations containing ZDDP type compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0021041D0 (en) | 2000-10-11 |
WO2002018521A3 (en) | 2002-05-10 |
EP1315787A2 (en) | 2003-06-04 |
US20040106527A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
CA2420248A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
BR0113553A (en) | 2003-07-29 |
CA2420248C (en) | 2010-04-13 |
AR030577A1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
MXPA03001736A (en) | 2005-02-17 |
JP2004507609A (en) | 2004-03-11 |
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