WO2002016775A2 - Turbine - Google Patents

Turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002016775A2
WO2002016775A2 PCT/IL2001/000773 IL0100773W WO0216775A2 WO 2002016775 A2 WO2002016775 A2 WO 2002016775A2 IL 0100773 W IL0100773 W IL 0100773W WO 0216775 A2 WO0216775 A2 WO 0216775A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blades
turbine according
rotor
axis
fluid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2001/000773
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002016775A3 (fr
Inventor
David Lior
Emanuel Mevorah
Original Assignee
Turbo-Tech (E.D.) Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Turbo-Tech (E.D.) Ltd. filed Critical Turbo-Tech (E.D.) Ltd.
Priority to AU2001282463A priority Critical patent/AU2001282463A1/en
Publication of WO2002016775A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002016775A2/fr
Publication of WO2002016775A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002016775A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/041—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the Ljungström type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports

Definitions

  • a TURBINE FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to turbines generally and more particularly to radial centrifugal turbines.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved radial centrifugal turbine.
  • a turbine including a central fluid inlet pathway arranged about an axis, a fluid director, which includes a plurality of blades, for directing fluid received along the central fluid inlet pathway to have a component of motion which is radially outward from the axis and a rotor including a plurality of blades, which are driven by the fluid having a radially outward component of motion.
  • the rotor is driven in rotary motion about the axis by the fluid.
  • a turbine including a fluid inlet pathway and a rotor including a plurality of blades, which are impinged upon by the fluid.
  • the rotor includes a pair of side elements each centered about a common axis of rotation and each of the plurality of blades is secured to both of the side elements
  • a turbine including a central fluid inlet pathway arranged about an axis, a fluid director for directing fluid received along the central fluid inlet pathway to have a component of motion, which is radially outward from the axis, a rotor including a plurality of blades, which are impinged upon by the fluid having a radially outward component of motion.
  • the rotor is arranged to be driven in rotary motion about the axis by the fluid, which exits from the rotor and a controller which governs the operation of the turbine in a manner that seeks to minimize the difference between velocity of the fluid exiting from the rotor and the velocity of the rotor.
  • a turbine including a pair of side elements both arranged for rotation about an axis of rotation and extending from a radially inward central location to a radially outward location, a fluid inlet pathway providing a flow of moving fluid to the central location and a plurality of blades secured to the pair of side elements and are arranged to be driven by the flow of moving fluid.
  • the blades are arranged such that at least a radially outward portion thereof extends generally tangentially to a radius extending from the axis of rotation to the outward portion.
  • the fluid director for directing the fluid has a component of motion, which is tangential.
  • the rotor includes a pair of side elements each centered about a common axis of rotation, the plurality of blades each being secured to both of the side elements.
  • the plurality of blades are bowed inwardly to better withstanding centrifugal forces applied thereto as the result of rotation of the rotor.
  • the plurality of blades are arranged such that at least a radially outward portion thereof extends generally tangentially to a radius extending from the axis to the outward portion.
  • the rotor includes a pair of side elements each centered about a common axis of rotation, the plurality of blades each being secured to both of the side elements.
  • the plurality of blades are bowed inwardly to better withstand the centrifugal forces applied thereto as the result of rotation of the rotor.
  • the plurality of blades are arranged such that at least a radially outward portion thereof extends generally tangentially to a radius extending from the axis to the outward portion.
  • the turbine also includes a fluid director upstream of the rotor for directing the fluid to have a component of motion which is tangential.
  • the plurality of blades are curved so as to be aligned increasingly tangentially as they extend radially outwardly from the axis.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified partially exploded view, partially block diagram illustration of a radial centrifugal turbine constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a partially cut-away pictorial illustration of a portion of the turbine of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional illustration of the turbine of Fig. 1, taken along the lines III - III in Fig. 1;
  • Figs. 4 A and 4B are sectional illustrations of part of a rotor of the turbine of Figs. 1 - 3, taken along the lines IVA - IVA and IVB - IVB, respectively, in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified exploded view illustration of a radial centrifugal turbine constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention and to Fig. 3, which is a sectional illustration of the turbine of Fig. 1, taken along the lines III - III in Fig. 1.
  • the turbine preferably comprises an axial fluid inlet element 10 defining an axial fluid inlet pathway centered about a longitudinal axis 12.
  • a stator 14 Fixedly attached to element 10 is a stator 14 which defines an axial fluid inlet pathway 16 arranged along longitudinal axis 12 which leads into a multiplicity of circumferentially distributed inclined radial fluid outlet pathways 18, which lie generally in a plane perpendicular to longitudinal axis 12.
  • a rotor 20 is mounted onto a shaft 22 for rotation about longitudinal axis 12 at a location radially outward of fluid outlet pathways 18. As seen in Fig. 1, the direction of rotation of rotor 20, as indicated by arrows 24, is the same as the tangential component of the fluid passing out of pathways 18, as indicated by arrows 26.
  • a housing element 30 is disposed about rotor 20 and is fixed onto fluid inlet element 10. Additional housing elements 32 and 34 are fixed to housing element 30, so as to define a sealed enclosure whose inlet is axial, as defined by inlet element 10 and whose outlet is preferably radial and tangential, as defined by an outlet portion 36 of housing element 30.
  • the rotational velocity of the rotor 20 is preferably measured in a conventional manner by a rotational velocity sensor 37 associated with shaft 22.
  • An automatic rotation velocity controller 38 receives an output from sensor 37 and controls the input energy of the fluid input to pathway 16, via a fluid input controller 39.
  • the rotation velocity of the rotor 20, indicated by arrows 24 is generally equal and opposite to the exhaust velocity of fluid leaving the blades of the rotor 20 (as indicated by arrows 27), thereby resulting in the absolute velocity of the fluid leaving the rotor 20 to be nearly zero. This condition substantially reduces fluid exit losses in the turbine and maximizes the extraction of energy from the inlet fluid. A substantial reduction in turbine noise is also realized.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cut-away pictorial illustration of a portion of the turbine of Fig. 1, to Fig. 3, which is a sectional illustration of the turbine of Fig. 1, taken along the lines III - III in Fig. 1 and to Figs. 4A and 4B, which are sectional illustrations of part of a rotor of the turbine of Figs. 1 - 3, taken along the lines INA - INA and IVB - IVB, respectively, in Fig. 1.
  • an axial flow of fluid (as indicated by arrows 39) entering stator 14 along axial pathway 16 undergoes two changes of direction.
  • the axial flow 39 encounters a generally conical deflector surface 40, which converts the axial flow 39 to a generally circumferential radial flow.
  • This generally circumferential radial flow impinges on a multiplicity of inclined vanes 42, which define pathways 18 (Fig. 1), which provide expansion and a change of direction from a generally pure radial flow to a plurality of separate flows having both radial and tangential components.
  • These flows are indicated by arrows 44.
  • Rotor 20 is preferably formed with first and second side walls 50 and 52, to which are fixed therebetween a plurality of blades 54.
  • Blades 54 are highly inclined with respect to the radial direction, the inclination being in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of vanes 42 of the stator 14.
  • Preferably blades 54 are sealed at their sides to side walls 50 and 52 to prevent leakage of fluid between the blades and the side walls.
  • Blades 54 are preferably constructed to have variable thickness as they extend radially outward with respect to axis 12. It is a particular feature of the present invention that blades 54 are curved so as to be aligned increasingly tangentially as they extend radially outwardly from axis 12. Preferably, at their extreme outward edge, blades 54 are nearly tangential, preferably within about 4 degrees.
  • the blades 54 are bowed radially inwardly, so as to better withstand centrifugal forces applied thereto as the result of rotation thereof about axis 12.
  • variable thickness of the blades 54 is determined mathematically according to the thermodynamical properties of the flow, as is known in the art. It is further appreciated that although the cross-sectional shape of the blades 54, shown in Fig. 4A, is convex, other cross-sectional forms for the blades 54 may be used, such as blades with a planar surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une turbine comprenant un trajet central d'admission de fluide disposé autour d'un axe, un guide de fluide guidant le fluide reçu le long du trajet de sorte qu'une composante de mouvement soit établie radialement vers l'extérieur par rapport à l'axe, et un rotor équipé d'une pluralité de pales entraînées par le fluide qui présente la composante de mouvement considérée. Le rotor est entraîné selon un mouvement rotatif autour de l'axe, sous l'action du fluide.
PCT/IL2001/000773 2000-08-23 2001-08-16 Turbine WO2002016775A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001282463A AU2001282463A1 (en) 2000-08-23 2001-08-16 A turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22733400P 2000-08-23 2000-08-23
US60/227,334 2000-08-23
US31081101P 2001-08-06 2001-08-06
US60/310,811 2001-08-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002016775A2 true WO2002016775A2 (fr) 2002-02-28
WO2002016775A3 WO2002016775A3 (fr) 2002-05-30

Family

ID=26921366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL2001/000773 WO2002016775A2 (fr) 2000-08-23 2001-08-16 Turbine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001282463A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002016775A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2080876A3 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2010-06-02 Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited Système de turbomachine et turbine correspondante
EP2426313A1 (fr) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-07 Chun-Chieh Chen Convertisseur comprenant des roues centrifuges
WO2012143799A1 (fr) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Exergy Orc S.R.L. Appareil et processus permettant de produire de l'énergie par cycle de rankine organique

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1588528A (en) * 1922-11-27 1926-06-15 Royden O Couch Hydraulic turbine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1588528A (en) * 1922-11-27 1926-06-15 Royden O Couch Hydraulic turbine

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2080876A3 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2010-06-02 Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited Système de turbomachine et turbine correspondante
US8281588B2 (en) 2008-01-11 2012-10-09 Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited Turbomachine system and turbine therefor
EP2426313A1 (fr) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-07 Chun-Chieh Chen Convertisseur comprenant des roues centrifuges
WO2012143799A1 (fr) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Exergy Orc S.R.L. Appareil et processus permettant de produire de l'énergie par cycle de rankine organique
EP2699767A1 (fr) 2011-04-21 2014-02-26 Exergy S.p.A. Appareil et processus permettant de produire de l'énergie par cycle de rankine organique
EP2699767B1 (fr) 2011-04-21 2017-10-18 Exergy S.p.A. Appareil et processus permettant de produire de l'énergie par cycle de rankine organique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001282463A1 (en) 2002-03-04
WO2002016775A3 (fr) 2002-05-30

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