Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/265—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids from at least two different diamines or at least two different dicarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/36—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino acids, polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
  • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
  • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
  • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide

Definitions

• the present invention relates to copolyamides obtained by using multifunctional monomers. They relate more particularly to copolyamides of high viscosity. It also relates to compositions based on these copolyamides.
• thermoplastic polyamides are used. Examples are given of threads, fibers and filaments, films, articles obtained by molding, injection or extrusion.
• polyamides of high melt viscosity This is the case for example for the polyamide fibers used for the manufacture of paper machine felts. This is also the case for example for the methods of shaping articles by extrusion blow molding.
• extrusion blow molding When implementing the latter process, it is generally important that the extruded part does not deform, or only deforms slightly under its own weight.
• the mechanical properties of the material, such as the elastic modulus and the impact resistance must also not be affected, or only be slightly affected.
• Several solutions are known for obtaining polyamides of high viscosity.
• a first solution consists in carrying out a post-condensation in solid phase on linear polyamides. Post-condensation times are significant, which generates significant production costs.
• copolyamides obtained by using a multifunctional monomer comprising a reactive function forming amide bonds chosen from acids and amines, and at least two reactive functions forming amide bonds, of a different nature and complementary to the previous one. These copolyamides exhibit, for an identical duration of melt polycondensation, a viscosity in melt that is higher than that of linear polyamides.
• copolyamides described in the document have a viscosity which is still sought to improve. Another objective is to achieve equivalent viscosities with shorter, and / or controlled, polymerization cycle times.
• document WO00 / 35992 is also known. This document describes copolyamides obtained from a mixture of monomers comprising: a monomer AB, a monomer A v where v> 3, a monomer B w where w> 2, A and B being acid or amino functions, such that they are capable of forming amide units together.
• the document teaches that it is possible to obtain polymers free from gels only if the number of functions of the monomers and the quantity used of each monomer are chosen so as to satisfy a mathematical relation, defining a fairly limited range of proportions. . It is described that there is formation of gels outside the domain. Without going into the details of the formula, it can be considered that the document teaches that the monomers A v and B w , and their proportions, must be chosen so as to strongly unbalance the quantities of functions of the two types provided by the monomers. This document does not describe the properties of the materials obtained, so that it is difficult to assess the advantage of it on its own.
• the object of the present invention is to provide new copolyamides, free from gels, and more particularly copolyamides obtained from multifunctional monomers, present so that the amounts of functions of each type are substantially balanced.
• the new copolyamides in particular have a higher melt viscosity than that of the polyamides described in document WO99 / 03909, or which, at equal viscosity, can be obtained by shorter polymerization cycles.
• the invention provides a copolyamide comprising macromolecular units derived from at least the following monomers:
• multifunctional monomer is meant a monomer comprising at least two reactive functions.
• abbreviations (AB, A a , B b .) are used to denote organic or organometallic molecules serving as monomers.
• the monomers are molecules having reactive functions of acid type A or of amino type B, capable of forming between them amide bonds.
• the acid type functions are advantageously chosen from the carboxylic acid, acid halide, ester functions.
• the amino type functions are advantageously chosen from amines, preferably primary amines, and amine salts.
• the number of functions of each type is represented for the different monomers by the letters a, b.
• the monomers (I) have a function of each type.
• the monomers (II) and (III) comprise at least 2 functions, preferably at most 10.
• the number of functions for each is preferably chosen from 3, 4, 5, 6.
• one of the monomers (II) or (III) has two functions, the other has at least three.
• the number of moles of monomer (II) from which the copolyamide is obtained is designated by the letter x.
• the number of moles of monomer (III) from which the copolyamide is obtained is designated by the letter y.
• the number of moles of monomer (I) from which the copolyamide is obtained is designated by the letter z. ax
• the ratio, a is between 0.4 and 0.6, preferably between 0.45 and ax A- by
• the ratio ⁇ , x A- y ⁇ is preferably less than 0.2% x x A- y A- 0.9 * z
• the monomers (II) and the monomers (III) can respectively consist of a mixture of several monomers A a ⁇ and B, where a, and b, meet the conditions defined above for a, b, except possibly for the calculation of ratios ⁇ , ⁇ and, for which we mean:
• - y j represents the number of moles of a monomer (III) referenced j
• the monomers (I) are advantageously chosen from: ⁇ -caprolactam and / or the corresponding amino acid: aminocaproic acid, and / or para or metaaminobenzoic acid, and / or amino-11-undecanoic acid, and / or lauryllactam and / or the corresponding amino acid: amino-12-dodecanoic acid.
• the monomers (I) can be the monomers used for the manufacture of linear thermoplastic polyamides.
• the compounds ⁇ -aminoalkanoic comprising a hydrocarbon chain having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or lactams derived from these amino acids such as ⁇ -caprolactam. It is also possible to use mixtures of monomers corresponding to the abbreviation AB, preferably chosen from the monomers proposed above.
• the monomers (II) and (III) are multifunctional monomers in which all the reactive functions are identical.
• the reactive functions of the monomer (II) are different from the reactive functions of the monomer (III), both being capable of forming amide units together.
• Multifunctional monomers whose functions are all identical are often called "core monomers".
• a first category of compounds suitable as monomers (II) and / or (III) consists of molecules or macromolecules having a tree or dendritic structure. By way of example, mention may be made of polyamines comprising a high number of amino units. Mention is also made of the fully aromatic dendrimers described in patent applications WO 95/06081.
• a second category of compounds suitable as monomers (II) and / or (III) consists of the compounds which can be chosen from the compounds listed below.
• - C is a covalent bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which may comprise heteroatoms, and comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• - X is a radical, if it is a monomer (III), or a radical
• R4 is a hydrocarbon radical comprising at least 2 carbon atoms, linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic and which can comprise heteroatoms.
• the monomers (II) and (III) each comprise at least three reactive functions.
• the monomers (II) and (III) are advantageously chosen from the monomers represented by formula (a) presented above, X representing for the monomers (III) and (II) respectively a
• the radical R4 is either a cycloaliphatic radical such as the tetravalent cyclohexanonyl radical, or a 1,1,1-triyl-propane, 1,2,3-triyl-propane radical.
• radicals R4 suitable for the invention mention may be made, by way of example, of trivalent phenyl and cyclohexanyl radicals, substituted or not, tetravalent radicals of diaminopolymethylene with a number of methylene groups advantageously between 2 and 12 such as radical originating from EDTA (ethylene diamino tetracetic acid), octovalent cyclohexanonyl or cyclohexadinonyl radicals, and radicals originating from compounds resulting from the reaction of polyols such as glycol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or mannitol.
• EDTA ethylene diamino tetracetic acid
• octovalent cyclohexanonyl or cyclohexadinonyl radicals radicals originating from compounds resulting from the reaction of polyols such as glycol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or mannitol
• the radical A is preferably a methylene or polymethylene radical such as the ethyl, propyl or butyl radicals, or a polyoxyalkylene radical such as the polyoxyethylene radical.
• the number m is greater than or equal to 3 and advantageously equal to 3 or 4.
• the reactive function of the multifunctional compound represented by the symbol X-H is a function capable of forming an amide function.
• polyfunctional compounds of formula (a) mention may be made of
• -R4 represents a 1,1,1 -triyl propane radical, or 1,2,3-triyl propane, - A represents a polyoxyethylene radical.
• Nitrilotrialkylamines in particular nitrilotriethylamine, dialkylenetriamines, in particular diethylenetriamine, trialkylenetetramines and tetraalkylenepentamines, the alkylene preferably being ethylene, 4-aminoethyl-1,8, octanediamine.
• n is preferably an integer equal to 3 or 4, in particular 3, and x is preferably an integer between 2 and 6, preferably between 2 and 4 (limits included), in particular 2.
• Each radical R can be chosen independently of the others.
• the radical R is preferably a hydrogen atony or a group - (CH 2 ) n -NH2.
• heterocycles such as pyridine, bipyridine, pyrrole, indole, furan, thiophene, purine, quinoline, phenanthrene, porphyrin, phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine.
• 3,5,3 ', 5'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid acids derived from phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine
• 3,5,3', 5'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid acid 1, 3, 5,7- naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 2,4,6-pyridinetricarboxylic acid
• 3,5,3 'acid 5'- bipyridyltetracarboxylic acid
• multifunctional compounds whose core is a heterocycle presenting a point of symmetry, such as 1, 3,5-triazines, 1, 4-diazines, melamine, compounds derived from 2,3,5,6 -tetraethylpiperazine, 1, 4-piperazines, tetrathiafulvalenes. Mention is made more particularly of 2,4,6-triaminocaproic acid-1,3,5 ⁇ triazine (TACT).
• TACT 2,4,6-triaminocaproic acid-1,3,5 ⁇ triazine
• no monofunctional monomer is used in addition to monomers (I), (II) and (III).
• monomers (I) (II) and (III) are monomers having sufficient thermal stability.
• the fluidity in the molten phase of the copolyamides, measured at 275 ° C. under 5 kg of pressure is less than 10 g / 10 minutes.
• the invention also relates to compositions comprising the copolyamide described above.
• the compositions can comprise at least one polyamide in accordance with the invention and optionally other additives such as aids for molding or demolding, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, pigments, dyes, and lubricants.
• the composition may also include agents improving impact resistance and / or fillers or reinforcing fillers. Mention is made in particular of glass fibers.
• compositions of the invention may also comprise, as polymer matrix, in addition to the polyamide as described above, other thermoplastic materials such as linear aliphatic polyamides, optionally compatibilized, or aromatic or semi-aromatic polyamides, for example .
• the compositions of the invention are obtained by generally mixing, in a single or twin-screw extruder, a polyamide according to the invention with the various additives, this mixture generally being carried out in the molten state. polyamide, then extrusion of the mixture in the form of rods which are then cut into granules. Molded parts can then be produced by melting the granules produced above and feeding the composition in the molten state into the appropriate molding, injection or extrusion devices.
• the invention also relates to a process for manufacturing a copolyamide according to the invention.
• a mixture of monomers is produced with determined proportions of each component. Said mixture is polymerized under conditions and according to a procedure equivalent to those used for the manufacture of the linear polyamide corresponding to the bifunctional monomers used.
• water is added to the mixture of monomers to initiate the hydrolytic opening of the caprolactam.
• a linear polyamide prepolymer is produced by polycondensation of the monomers (I) to obtain a prepolymer of molecular weight in number Mn of the order of approximately 2000 to 3000.
• the monomers (II) and (III) are added to the linear prepolymer and the polymerization is continued either in a molten medium or in the solid phase.
• the solid phase embodiment makes it possible in particular to obtain copolyamides by using multifunctional monomers having thermal stability at relatively low temperatures, for example less than 200 ° C., since the postcondensation temperature in solid phase is carried out at higher temperatures. lower than those of melt polymerization.
• the addition of the monomers (II) and (III) can be carried out in an extruder or in a reactor, the solid phase postcondensation being carried out according to the conventional and usual conditions used for that of linear polyamides.
• the invention also relates to a process for the manufacture by extrusion of new copolyamides or of new compositions, and the copolyamides or compositions obtained by the process.
• This process uses multifunctional compounds, under conditions close to those described above, and lead to macromolecular compounds or compositions whose characteristics are close if not similar to those of the copolyamides and compositions described above.
• a method of manufacturing a copolyamide or a composition comprising a copolyamide consisting in mixing in an extrusion device at least the following three compounds:
• e ratio - ⁇ - being included between 0.4 and 0.6 ax A- by where x represents the number of moles of compound (II) and y represents the number of moles of compound (III) ax + by the ratio being less than 0.3%, preferably 0.2%
• z Z ⁇ ITID / MD where m D is the mass of compound (I) used, and M D is the molar mass of a recurring unit.
• ax The ratio is preferably between 0.45 and 0.55. It is even more ax + by preferably substantially equal to 0.5.
• the compound (I) is preferably chosen from polyamide 6, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, mixtures and copolymers based on these polyamides.
• the method may include the introduction of fillers or additives as mentioned above. Particular mention is made of glass fibers.
• copolyamides or compositions according to the invention can be used in numerous applications such as the manufacture of molded or injected parts. They are particularly suitable for the manufacture of parts by extrusion blow-molding techniques. Indeed, the low fluidity in the melt of the copolyamide makes it possible to limit the deformations of the parisons during their extrusion, before the blowing step.
• Articles can also be made with the copolyamides of the invention by injection methods. These articles have significantly higher mechanical properties than those of articles obtained by injection of a composition based on linear polyamide with the same fluidity in a molten medium.
• Copolyamides are synthesized according to the following cycle: Cycle: Polymerization in an autoclave for 5 hours at atmospheric pressure, at 275 ° C., under circulation of nitrogen.
• MFI Melt flow index
• RV Relative Viscosity

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Polyamides (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)

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• 2000
  • 2000-08-09 FR FR0010485A patent/FR2812880B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2001
  • 2001-08-07 PL PL36024501A patent/PL360245A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-08-07 CA CA 2418838 patent/CA2418838C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-08-07 AU AU2001283987A patent/AU2001283987A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-08-07 WO PCT/EP2001/009110 patent/WO2002012371A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2001-08-07 EP EP20010962913 patent/EP1313793B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 2001-08-07 US US10/344,266 patent/US6884865B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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