WO2002004159A1 - Rotary cutting tool - Google Patents
Rotary cutting tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002004159A1 WO2002004159A1 PCT/US2001/021331 US0121331W WO0204159A1 WO 2002004159 A1 WO2002004159 A1 WO 2002004159A1 US 0121331 W US0121331 W US 0121331W WO 0204159 A1 WO0204159 A1 WO 0204159A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- tip
- edge portion
- edge
- interior
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1946—Face or end mill
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1952—Having peripherally spaced teeth
- Y10T407/1956—Circumferentially staggered
- Y10T407/1958—Plural teeth spaced about a helix
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1952—Having peripherally spaced teeth
- Y10T407/1962—Specified tooth shape or spacing
- Y10T407/1964—Arcuate cutting edge
- Y10T407/1966—Helical tooth
Definitions
- This invention relates to rotating cutting tools.
- this invention relates to end milling tools, and most particularly to end milling tools providing improved performance for cutting while being advanced simultaneously in the direction of the tool longitudinal axis (infeed), and in a direction transverse to the tool longitudinal (translational feed), such simultaneous feed known as "ramp feed”.
- End mills are generally cylindrically shaped cutting tools comprising a body portion and shank portion, the body portion including cutting edges and the shank portion typically comprising surfaces for retention by a tool rotating device.
- the body portion comprises a tip or end comprising end cutting edges, and a cutting length comprising a plurality of flutes defining side cutting edges terminating at the tip.
- Known end mills may have straight or helical flutes, and may have two, three, four or more flutes and two, three, four, or more end cutting edges. It is known to arrange end cutting edges to lie along radii at the tip and to provide channels or gashes in the tip inter-spaced with end cutting edges and continuous between the tip circumference and the interior of the tip proximate the tip center. Further, it is known to have end cutting edges lie in planes oblique to the tool longitude and sloping at relatively shallow angles from the tool periphery toward the tip center.
- US Patent No. 2,129,417 discloses an end mill having an arcuate depression in the tip end interiorly of the end cutting edges such that the end cutting edges are of relatively short effective length and are well supported by the sloping sides of the arcuate depression. The end mill disclosed is described as having improved resistance to chipping of the end cutting edges.
- US Patent No. 5,049,009 discloses an end mill wherein end cutting edge portions, lying parallel to radii at the tip, slope shallowly inwardly from the tip periphery toward the shank end and intersect at the tip center.
- a primary land (referred to as a "first back-off surface”) lies between each end cutting edge portion and a relief surface intersecting trailing side non-cutting surfaces.
- 5,779,399 discloses an end mill wherein only one end cutting edge lies along a radius at the tip and extends from the periphery through the tip center. As shown in this reference, relief is provided in the tip end behind the end cutting edge and between the end cutting edge and a sidewall of a gash. The end cutting edge of this reference lies in a plane perpendicular to the tool longitude.
- the present invention provides an end mill wherein end cutting edges parallel radii of the tip and lie along primary and secondary slopes from the tool periphery inwardly.
- the primary slope is relatively shallow and over a relatively short portion of the cutting edge
- the secondary slope is relatively steep and extends over the greater portion of the end cutting edge.
- the tip includes a land adjacent each end cutting edge and the primary slope provides relief in this land behind the peripheral edge of the land.
- the secondary slope promotes delivery of coolant proximate the primary slope and evacuation of chips from the cutting zone.
- Fig. 1 is a side view of an end mill in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a top view of the tip end of the end mill of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a partial section of a cutting portion of the cutting tool taken along lines A-A of Fig. 2.
- Figs. 4 - 7 are graphs of measured forces from cutting tests of tools in accordance with the invention and tools in accordance with the prior art.
- tool 10 comprises a cutting portion 12 and a shank portion 14.
- Shank portion 14 may include surface features such as flat 16 for securing the shank portion in a device for rotating tool 10.
- Cutting portion 12 terminates in a tip end 18 comprising end cutting edges 20, 22, and 24 (Fig. 2).
- Cutting portion 12 includes helical flutes 26, 28 and 30 in the circumference thereof. While three helical flutes are depicted in Fig.1, cutting tools in accordance with the invention may include two or more flutes.
- Flutes 26, 28 and 30 define side cutting edges 32, 34, and 36, the flutes and side cutting edges shown being helical. Contours of flutes 26, 28 and 30 undercut the periphery of cutting portion 12 to produce positive cutting geometry at the cutting edges 32, 34 and 36.
- inter-spaced with end cutting edges 20, 22, and 24 are channels, or gashes 40, 42 and 44. Gashes 40, 42 and 44 intersect the periphery of tool 10 and continue inwardly toward the center of tip 18. The bottom contour of each of gashes 40, 42 and 44 slopes from the periphery of tool 10 away from shank portion 14 toward the tip center.
- gashes 40, 42 and 44 undercut, respectively, end cutting edges 20, 22, and 24 to produce positive cutting geometry at the cutting edges 20, 22, and 24.
- Adjoining cutting edges 20, 22 and 24 are primary lands 46, 48, and 50. Between, respectively, lands 46, 48 and 50 and gashes 40, 42 and 44, are relief surfaces 52, 54, and 56. Relief surfaces 52, 54, and 56 are planar, sloping towards the shank end from, respectively, lands 46, 48 and 50 to non- cutting segments 58, 60, and 62 of cutting portion 12.
- FIG. 3 A side view of cutting edge 32 and end cutting edge 20 are shown in Fig. 3. As seen in Fig. 3, end cutting edge 20 intersects helical cutting edge 32 at the periphery of tip portion 18. Likewise, end cutting edges 22 and 24 intersect helical cutting edges 36 and 34, respectively.
- each end cutting edge comprises two portions, a peripheral end edge portion, and interior edge portion, in the case of end cutting edge 20, peripheral end edge portion 70 and interior edge portion 72.
- Peripheral end edge portion 70 slopes relatively shallowly toward shank portion 14 from the tool periphery to interior edge portion 72.
- Angle 74, defining the slope of peripheral end edge portion 70 is typically 2-5 degrees, preferably greater than 2 and less than 4.5, most preferably between 3 and 4 degrees.
- Interior edge portion 72 slopes relatively steeply toward shank portion 14 from end edge portion 70 to intersection with gash 46.
- Angle 76, defining the slope of interior portion 72 is in the range of 5-25 degrees, preferably 10-20 degrees. Preferred slopes include 12-18 degrees.
- Land 46, adjoining cutting edge 20, also comprises two portions, peripheral end land portion 80, and interior land portion 82 (Fig. 2).
- the combination of shallowly sloped end cutting edges and gashes of conventional end mills leaves substantial central portions where forces tend to push the tip center off the axis of rotation of the tool.
- the combination of gashes and relatively steep sloping interior end edge portions of end milling tools according to the invention provides relief proximate the center of tip 18, reducing forces tending to drive the tip center off the axis of rotation of the tool. Due to the reduction in forces, the feed rate can be increased, allowing faster cutting. Further, the steep sloping interior end edge portions allow heat to escape from the cutting edge workpiece interface and allow coolant to contact this interface for lubrication and cooling.
- Cutting tests were made comparing performance of tools in accordance with the invention and like tools wherein the end cutting edges were singly sloped from the tool periphery to their interior terminations.
- the tools tested were three fluted, carbide end mills, 0.50 inch cutting diameter, with three end cutting edges.
- Cutting tests were performed on a workpiece of 6061 T85 aluminum, the tool being rotated at 3500 rpm, and driven along ramps of selected angles at a depth of cut of 0.50 inches, and a width of cut of 0.25 inches. Feedrates were varied to vary the feed per tooth of the tip cutting edges from 0.003 inches to 0.01 inches
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01950909A EP1299208B1 (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2001-07-05 | Rotary cutting tool |
CA002384124A CA2384124C (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2001-07-05 | Rotary cutting tool |
DE60139869T DE60139869D1 (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2001-07-05 | ROTARY CUTTING TOOL |
AT01950909T ATE442220T1 (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2001-07-05 | ROTARY CUTTING TOOL |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/611,740 US6435780B1 (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2000-07-07 | Rotary cutting tool |
US09/611,740 | 2000-07-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002004159A1 true WO2002004159A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
Family
ID=24450238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/021331 WO2002004159A1 (en) | 2000-07-07 | 2001-07-05 | Rotary cutting tool |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6435780B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1299208B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100485676B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE442220T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2384124C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60139869D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2331408T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002004159A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3744453A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-02 | Hofmann & Vratny OHG | Milling tool with centring effect |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10104580B4 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2005-03-03 | Gebr. Brasseler Gmbh & Co. Kg | milling tool |
JP4313579B2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2009-08-12 | オーエスジー株式会社 | Square end mill |
US20050053439A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2005-03-10 | Yuhong Wang | Two-flute twist drill |
WO2005089991A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-29 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Cutting tool and method for cutting material |
US7731738B2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2010-06-08 | Orthopro, Llc | Cannulated screw |
US8414228B2 (en) | 2006-01-04 | 2013-04-09 | Sgs Tool Company | Rotary cutting tool |
JP5287405B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2013-09-11 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | End mill |
US9227253B1 (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2016-01-05 | Steven M. Swift | Rotary cutter for machining materials |
SG174248A1 (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2011-10-28 | Hitachi Tool Eng | Carbide end mill and cutting method using the end mill |
CN102615324A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-01 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Milling cutter |
US9579734B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2017-02-28 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Tool Engineering, Ltd. | Multi-flute endmill |
US9232952B2 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2016-01-12 | Medtronic Ps Medical, Inc. | Surgical bur with non-paired flutes |
US20140356081A1 (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | Kennametal Inc. | End mill with high ramp angle capability |
US9883873B2 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2018-02-06 | Medtronic Ps Medical, Inc. | Surgical burs with geometries having non-drifting and soft tissue protective characteristics |
DE102014103103A1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-10 | Gühring KG | End mills |
US10335166B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2019-07-02 | Medtronics Ps Medical, Inc. | Surgical burs with decoupled rake surfaces and corresponding axial and radial rake angles |
US10058934B2 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2018-08-28 | Kyocera Sgs Precision Tools, Inc. | Rotary cutting tool with honed edges |
CN107249798B (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2020-03-10 | 三菱日立工具技术株式会社 | Square end mill |
US9955981B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2018-05-01 | Medtronic Xomed, Inc | Surgical burs with localized auxiliary flutes |
US10265082B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2019-04-23 | Medtronic Ps Medical, Inc. | Surgical burs |
EP3150313B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2018-04-11 | Fraisa SA | Solid milling tool for machining rotating materials |
US11117200B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2021-09-14 | Kyocera Sgs Precision Tools, Inc. | Drills and methods of using the same |
CA3109194A1 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-02-13 | Kyocera Sgs Precision Tools, Inc. | Variable radius gash |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB787036A (en) * | 1954-04-27 | 1957-11-27 | Illinois Tool Works | Improvements in end milling cutters |
EP0352224A1 (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-01-24 | Everett D. Hougen | Multidirectional cutting tool |
US5141369A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1992-08-25 | Palace Hilard F | Cutting tool for plastic materials |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2129417A (en) | 1936-03-14 | 1938-09-06 | Weldon Tool Co | End mill |
US2129418A (en) * | 1936-09-21 | 1938-09-06 | Weldon Tool Co | Milling tool |
US2377329A (en) * | 1944-04-01 | 1945-06-05 | Weldon Tool Co | End mill |
US4529341A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1985-07-16 | Hughes Helicopters, Inc. | Drill bit for Kevlar laminates |
US4810136A (en) * | 1983-11-09 | 1989-03-07 | The Boeing Company | Milling cutter for composite laminates |
DE3344620A1 (en) | 1983-12-09 | 1985-06-20 | Hartmetallwerkzeugfabrik Andreas Maier GmbH + Co KG, 7959 Schwendi | MULTI-CUTTING DRILL |
DE3706282A1 (en) | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-03 | Izumo Sangyo Kk | CIRCULAR CUTTING TOOL |
US5190420A (en) | 1989-06-20 | 1993-03-02 | Hitachi Tool Kabushiki Kaisha | Solid end mill for finishing the face or side of hard work |
US5049009A (en) * | 1990-08-21 | 1991-09-17 | The Weldon Tool Company | Improved cutting tool |
US5322394A (en) | 1992-03-09 | 1994-06-21 | Hitachi Tool Engineering, Ltd. | Highly stiff end mill |
US5273380A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1993-12-28 | Musacchia James E | Drill bit point |
US5236291A (en) * | 1992-08-31 | 1993-08-17 | General Motors Corporation | Multi-tooth drill with improved chisel edge |
US5855458A (en) | 1993-03-09 | 1999-01-05 | Hydra Tools International Plc | Rotary cutter |
US5609447A (en) | 1993-11-15 | 1997-03-11 | Rogers Tool Works, Inc. | Surface decarburization of a drill bit |
US5779399A (en) | 1996-03-05 | 1998-07-14 | Mcdonnell Douglas | Rotary cutting apparatus |
US6618355B1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2003-09-09 | Carriercomm, Inc. | Service tariffing based on usage indicators in a radio based network |
-
2000
- 2000-07-07 US US09/611,740 patent/US6435780B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-07-05 ES ES01950909T patent/ES2331408T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-05 DE DE60139869T patent/DE60139869D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-05 AT AT01950909T patent/ATE442220T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-05 KR KR10-2002-7002939A patent/KR100485676B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-05 EP EP01950909A patent/EP1299208B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-05 WO PCT/US2001/021331 patent/WO2002004159A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-05 CA CA002384124A patent/CA2384124C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB787036A (en) * | 1954-04-27 | 1957-11-27 | Illinois Tool Works | Improvements in end milling cutters |
US5141369A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1992-08-25 | Palace Hilard F | Cutting tool for plastic materials |
EP0352224A1 (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-01-24 | Everett D. Hougen | Multidirectional cutting tool |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3744453A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-02 | Hofmann & Vratny OHG | Milling tool with centring effect |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1299208A1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
KR20020043216A (en) | 2002-06-08 |
EP1299208B1 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
CA2384124C (en) | 2007-03-06 |
ES2331408T3 (en) | 2010-01-04 |
US6435780B1 (en) | 2002-08-20 |
CA2384124A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
DE60139869D1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
ATE442220T1 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
KR100485676B1 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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