WO2001089854A1 - Method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm optical environments - Google Patents
Method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm optical environments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001089854A1 WO2001089854A1 PCT/UA2000/000039 UA0000039W WO0189854A1 WO 2001089854 A1 WO2001089854 A1 WO 2001089854A1 UA 0000039 W UA0000039 W UA 0000039W WO 0189854 A1 WO0189854 A1 WO 0189854A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- firm
- discrete
- fragments
- firm optical
- volumetric
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
- C03C23/0005—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by irradiation
- C03C23/0025—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments by irradiation by a laser beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
- B44C1/228—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by laser radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F7/00—Designs imitating three-dimensional effects
Definitions
- the task on the solution of it the invention is directed, consists in creation of such method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm environments, when discrete fragments of the given sizes will be formed under influence of laser radiation in firm optical environment, without infringement of integrity of the processable firm optical environment outside of volume of a discrete fragment, that will prevent its destruction and will ensure quality of the three-dimensional image.
- Declared set of essential attributes provides technical result consisting in reception of discrete fragments, from which three-dimensional image in volume of firm optical environment is formed, with precise division of a discrete fragment and other volume of firm optical environment , i.e. without infringements of integrity of structure of volume of firm optical environment , bordering on .such fragments, that provides increases of quality of the formed three-dimensional images and prevents destruction of firm optical environment .
- Z F n
- Z the depth of focus in firm optical environment ;
- F focal length in vacuum;
- n factor of refraction of firm optical environment , that provides additional technical result consisting in maintenance of formation of the image without infringement of a situation of discrete fragments concerning axes of the image;
- volumetric discrete fragments of the given size is carried out by transformation of parameters of a laser beam by means of its passage through the system of diaphragms and filters of any known construction.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns to technologies of reception of the three-dimensional images in firm optical environments with help of a laser beam, and can find application in various industries for creation of the images in volume of a material. The offered way is carried out by creation of volumetric discrete fragments, its centres are removed from each other on distance not less than two sections of such fragments. Creation of volumetric discrete fragments carry out with the help of a laser beam with parameters: density of capacity - exceeding threshold means of penetration (piercing) of a firm optical material, for example for a glass $Kgr;-8-5 10?11 Vt/cm2¿ and duraction of a pulse 5 10-7 sec. Thus formation of discrete fragments is carried out on distance not less than 1 mm from the surface of the unit, firm optical environment - external environment, and focusing of radiation in volume of firm optical environment on axis Z is determined as F n, where F - focal length in vacuum, n - coefficient of refraction of used firm optical environment. Formation of volumetric discrete optical fragments is carried out by moving firm optical environment in three mutually prependicular planes relevantly to a laser beam under the given law. The offered method provides reception of the three-dimensional images in volume of firm optical environment with situation of the separate discrete points on three planes is equivalently as well as at initial object, at prevention of destruction of firm optical environment at the expense of spontaneous formation of cracks between volumetric discrete fragments.
Description
METHOD OF LASER-BURNING AN IMAGE IN THE INNER OF A TRANSPARENT SOLID
1. TECHNICAL
The invention concerns the technology of reception of the three-dimensional images in firm optical environments with the help of a laser beam, and can find application in various industries for creation of the images in volume of a material.
2. BACKGROUND ART From an existing level of engineering concerning considered area, closest on set of attributes to the declared invention, is the way of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm (optical) environments carried out by focusing of laser radiation in the given point of volume of firm environment and density of capacity of an irradiation, which exceeds threshold meaning of volumetric penetration (piercing) of a material and moving of a sample concerning a laser beam under the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes (patent of Russian Federation JYs 2008288, IPC: C 03 C 23/00, publ. 25.07.1996r.). The declared invention coincides with a known method of laser formation of the three- dimensional images in firm environments, on the following set of essential attributes, namely: formation of the three-dimensional image in firm environment is carried out by focusing of laser radiation in given point in volume of a material with density of capacity exceeding threshold meaning volumetric penetration (piercing) of a processable material and moving it concerning laser beam according to the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes.
3. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION However the known method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm environments does not provide technical result of the declared invention, that is caused by set of operations, essential to its realisation, and modes of their performance, which at formation of discrete fragments of the image do not provide stabilisation of the given sizes of a fragment on three axes, that results in infringement of integrity of internal volume of a processable firm optical material at the expense of formation of cracks outside of formation of discrete fragments, and results either in the destruction of firm optical environment, or in the infringement the diagrams of the received image in one or several planes. The task, on the solution of it the invention is directed, consists in creation of such method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm environments, when discrete fragments of the given sizes will be formed under influence of laser radiation in firm optical environment, without infringement of integrity of the processable firm optical environment
outside of volume of a discrete fragment, that will prevent its destruction and will ensure quality of the three-dimensional image.
The task is solved in a way of laser formation of the three-dimensional image in firm environment which is carried out by focusing of laser radiation in a given point in volume of firm optical environment with density of capacity exceeding threshold meaning volumetric penetration (piercing) of a processable material, exceeding threshold meaning, concerning a • laser beam according to the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes that according to a subject of the invention, the image is form by discrete fragments formed at duration of a pulse of laser radiation which provides localisation of structural changes within the limits of the given size for processable optical environment , and with distances centre to centre of discrete fragments greater, than two sections of such fragments.
Declared set of essential attributes provides technical result consisting in reception of discrete fragments, from which three-dimensional image in volume of firm optical environment is formed, with precise division of a discrete fragment and other volume of firm optical environment , i.e. without infringements of integrity of structure of volume of firm optical environment , bordering on .such fragments, that provides increases of quality of the formed three-dimensional images and prevents destruction of firm optical environment .
Particular cases of performance of the declared invention are: - duration of pulses of laser radiation for glass choose = 5 10" sec;
- the focusing of radiation in optical environment on depth Z determine as:
Z = F n Where: Z - the depth of focus in firm optical environment ; F - focal length in vacuum; n - factor of refraction of firm optical environment , that provides additional technical result consisting in maintenance of formation of the image without infringement of a situation of discrete fragments concerning axes of the image;
- the formation of discrete fragments is carried out on distance not less than 1 mm from border of the unit of processable firm optical environment - external environment , that provides additional technical result consisting in preservation of integrity of a surface of firm optical environment .
The offered way is being carried out as follows.
Homogeneous firm optical environment, for example, colourless transparent glass, or painted transparent glass, minerals, polymeric materials, with a coefficient of passing of a spectrum in a visible area and in the area of near infra-red radiation more than 50 %, external surface of which is polished, is influenced with a laser beam, from any known type of the generator of coherent radiation on length of a wave, for which optical environment is transparent or is translucent, for formation of volumetric discrete fragments, of which the image is formed.
The formation of volumetric discrete fragments of the given size is carried out by transformation of parameters of a laser beam by means of its passage through the system of diaphragms and filters of any known construction.
The formation of the image is carried out by creation of discrete volumetric fragments at the given points of volume of a firm optical material, for example, glass K-8 (density of capacity 5 lθ" Vt/cm2), by its moving relatively to a laser beam under the given law, thus distance centre to centre of such discrete fragments is established larger, than double section of such volumetric discrete fragment, thus influence is carried out at duration of a pulse of laser radiation 5 10' , which provides localisation of structural changes within the limits of a discrete fragment, and the depth of a volumetric discrete fragment on an axis Z is determined as
Z = F n where: F - focal length in vacuum; n - coefficient of refraction of used firm optical environment .
The volumetric discrete fragments, which form an outside surface of the created three- dimensional image, form on distance not less than 1 mm from border of the unit processable firm optical environment - external environment .
The three-dimensional image, received on a described above declared way in firm optical environment is created by volumetric discrete fragments, with precise border of such fragments and firm optical environment , without infringement of integrity of structure of volume of firm optical environment , bordering with such fragments, that provides increase of quality of the received three-dimensional image and prevents destruction of firm optical environment .
4. THE BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION. Laser formation of the three-dimensional image is carried out in firm optical environment, as which colourless transparent glass K-8 with factor of refraction n = 1,38 is used, which surface is polished. The formation of volumetric discrete fragments is carried out with the help of a source coherent radiation, on a basis of garnet with neodymium with length of a wave 1,06 microns. Density of capacity of radiation and size of fragments is adjusted by methods, known for such purpose, with the help of diaphragm, filters and shutters, and established on size 5 10 ' ' Vt/cm2, which exceeds a threshold of destruction of a glass K-8. The duration of pulses is 5 10" sec, that interferes with spontaneous development of cracks at formation of volumetric discrete fragments.
The influence of a laser beam on internal volume of firm optical environment is carried out by moving firm optical environment under the given law relatively to a laser beam in three mutually perpendicular planes, at the specified parameters of laser radiation, and the distance between centres of volumetric discrete fragments is not less than two sections of fragments. At the specified parameters of laser radiation the section of volumetric discrete fragments makes 100 microns and the distance between their centres - 200 microns.
The depth of formation of volumetric discrete fragments in volume of a processable glass on an axis Z is equivalent to: Z = F n where: F - focal length in vacuum; n - factor of refraction of firm optical environment , that the maximal depth of processing makes 69 mm. for a glass K-8 with factor of refraction n = 1 ,38 and F = 50 mm. Thus minimal distance of formation of volumetric discrete fragments from border of the unit processable glass - external environment makes not less than 1 mm.
The received three-dimensional image is characterised by high clearness of lines, forming it; it does not contain cracks between volumetric discrete fragments of the image, and also on a surface of the unit is the processable glass - external environment. 5. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILATY. The present invention can be in the best way utilised for obtaining any image in a volume of a glass
Claims
1. The method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in the firm optical environments is carried out by focusing of laser radiation at a given point in volume of a material with density of capacity exceeding threshold meaning of the volumetric penetration (piercing) of used firm optical environment and its moving relevantly to a laser beam under the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes. It is distinguished of themes, that the image is formed by discrete fragments formed at duration of a pulse of laser radiation, which provides localisation of structural changes on all volume of a discrete fragment, and with distances centre to centre of discrete fragments larger than two sections of such fragments.
2. Method on item lis distinguished themes, that depth of formation of a volumetric discrete fragment on axis Z is determined as from:
Z = F n, where: F - focal length in vacuum; n - factor of refraction of firm optical environment .
3. Method on item 1 is distinguished of themes, that establish duration of pulses of laser η radiation for a glass 5 10" sec.
4. Method on item 1 is distinguished of themes, that the formation of discrete fragments is carried out on a distance not less than 1 mm from border of the unit processable firm optical environment - external environment.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| UA2000052895 | 2000-05-22 | ||
| UA2000052895 | 2000-05-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001089854A1 true WO2001089854A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/UA2000/000039 WO2001089854A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2000-11-03 | Method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm optical environments |
Country Status (1)
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| WO (1) | WO2001089854A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2902530A1 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-21 | St Microelectronics Rousset | Polymer lens fabricating method for e.g. complementary MOS imager, involves realizing opaque zones on convex lens by degrading molecular structure of polymer material, where zones form diaphragm and diffraction network that forms filter |
| WO2013002987A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass container having sub-surface wall decoration and method of manufacture |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0624421A2 (en) * | 1993-05-13 | 1994-11-17 | Podarok International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for creating an image by a pulsed laser beam inside a transparent material |
| DE4407547A1 (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-09-21 | Swarovski & Co | Transparent esp. glass body with internal marking |
| WO1996030219A1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-03 | Fedor Vladimirovich Lebedev | Formation of an image within a polymer material |
| WO1999021061A1 (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-04-29 | Montres Rolex S.A. | Watch crystal provided with a mark and watch comprising same |
-
2000
- 2000-11-03 WO PCT/UA2000/000039 patent/WO2001089854A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0624421A2 (en) * | 1993-05-13 | 1994-11-17 | Podarok International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for creating an image by a pulsed laser beam inside a transparent material |
| DE4407547A1 (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-09-21 | Swarovski & Co | Transparent esp. glass body with internal marking |
| WO1996030219A1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-03 | Fedor Vladimirovich Lebedev | Formation of an image within a polymer material |
| WO1999021061A1 (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-04-29 | Montres Rolex S.A. | Watch crystal provided with a mark and watch comprising same |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2902530A1 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-21 | St Microelectronics Rousset | Polymer lens fabricating method for e.g. complementary MOS imager, involves realizing opaque zones on convex lens by degrading molecular structure of polymer material, where zones form diaphragm and diffraction network that forms filter |
| EP1870739A1 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-26 | STMicroelectronics (Rousset) SAS | Method of manufacturing lenses, in particular for an imager comprising a diaphragm |
| US7580204B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2009-08-25 | Stmicroelectronics Rousset Sas | Method for manufacturing lenses, in particular for an imager comprising a diaphragm |
| WO2013002987A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Glass container having sub-surface wall decoration and method of manufacture |
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