WO2001084579A1 - Magnetic release for opening a contact system - Google Patents

Magnetic release for opening a contact system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001084579A1
WO2001084579A1 PCT/EP2001/004380 EP0104380W WO0184579A1 WO 2001084579 A1 WO2001084579 A1 WO 2001084579A1 EP 0104380 W EP0104380 W EP 0104380W WO 0184579 A1 WO0184579 A1 WO 0184579A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
magnetic
magnet
armature
permanent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/004380
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Detlef Koch
Kurt Händler
Klaus-Dieter Nürenberg
Hermann Balzer
Original Assignee
Moeller Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moeller Gmbh filed Critical Moeller Gmbh
Publication of WO2001084579A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001084579A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/501—Means for breaking welded contacts; Indicating contact welding or other malfunction of the circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/06—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electromagnetic opening
    • H01H77/08—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electromagnetic opening retained closed by permanent or remanent magnetism and opened by windings acting in opposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2418—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic release for opening a contact system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the contact system can be single or double interrupting, can be moved or pivoted linearly and is part of an electrical switching device, in particular a motor circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker or an electromagnetic contactor.
  • Such a trigger is known from the document EP 0 323 404 B1.
  • This trigger consists of a magnetic yoke, a magnetic core, a coil winding connected in series with the contact system, a displaceable magnet armature and a striker pin which can be actuated by the magnet armature.
  • a short-circuit current occurs through the contact system, the magnet armature is suddenly displaced against the force of a rest spring, as a result of which the striking pin has an opening effect on the movable contact of the contact system.
  • a magnet actuator according to EP 0 572 155 A1 differs from this in that the magnet armature is provided with a permanent magnet at both ends.
  • the magnet armature can be moved from each of the two stable rest positions by impressing a current in a certain direction through the coil winding into the other stable rest position in which it remains after the current has been removed.
  • the two triggers described above are not suitable for use with an AC contact system.
  • the invention has for its object to safely prevent welding of the contacts.
  • the trigger according to the invention contains a permanent magnetic holding system and a spring-mechanical acceleration means.
  • the magnetic armature remains stable in its rest position under nominal conditions thanks to the permanent magnetic holding system. If a high overcurrent, in particular a short-circuit current, occurs through the contact system and the coil winding electrically connected to it, then the magnetic anchor magnetically pulled into the coil winding while overcoming the permanent magnetic holding force. The stored spring energy of the accelerator is released.
  • the electromagnetic force effect of the coil winding and the released spring energy accelerate the magnet armature against the movable contact of the contact system as the permanent magnetic force of the holding system decreases, which thereby reliably opens before the electrodynamic contact lifting limit against the effect of the contact pressure medium and due to the static effect of the spring force of the Accelerator is kept open.
  • the trigger is reset to its rest position by manual operation or by a separate drive. For this, reference is made to DE 34 33 126 A1.
  • the permanent magnetic holding system advantageously consists of a stationary permanent magnet which is expediently arranged in the housing of the switching device and which interacts with a soft magnetic core which in turn is mechanically connected to the magnet armature, the permanent magnetic field not causing an effective magnetic flux in the magnet armature.
  • the core When the trigger is in the idle state, the core is magnetically closely connected to the permanent magnet, with a spring force accumulator being held under tension by the holding system. It is also possible to arrange the soft magnetic core stationary and the permanent magnet magnetically isolated on the magnet armature.
  • the trigger according to the invention contains a permanent magnetic holding system and a permanent magnetic accelerating means.
  • the magnetic armature remains stable in its rest position under nominal conditions thanks to the permanent magnetic holding system. If a high overcurrent, in particular a short-circuit current, occurs through the contact system and the coil winding electrically connected to it, then the magnet armature is drawn magnetically into the coil winding, overcoming the permanent magnetic holding force. As the movement increases, the magnet armature becomes less affected by the tractive force of the permanent magnetic holding system, on the other hand under increasing influence of the pulling force of the permanent magnetic accelerating means.
  • the electromagnetic force of the coil winding and the increasing force of the accelerating means accelerate the magnetic armature against the moving contact of the contact system as the permanent-magnetic force of the holding system decreases, which thereby reliably opens and pushes against the effect of the Kn-cycle pressure medium even before its electrodynamic contact lifting limit is exceeded the permanent magnetic holding force of the accelerator is kept open.
  • the trigger is reset to its rest position by manual operation or by a separate drive. Again, reference is made to DE 34 33 126 A1.
  • the permanent magnetic holding system advantageously consists of a stationary permanent magnet which is expediently arranged in the housing of the switching device and which interacts with a soft magnetic first core which is mechanically connected to the magnet armature, the permanent magnetic field not causing an effective magnetic flux in the magnet armature.
  • a soft-magnetic second core is arranged on the opposite side of the permanent magnet and is mechanically connected to the magnet armature at a certain distance from the first core. When the trigger is at rest, the first core is magnetically closely connected to the permanent magnet, while the second core is practically magnetically separated. In the open position, these relationships have reversed. It is also possible to arrange a soft magnetic core in a stationary manner and two permanent magnets spaced apart from one another and magnetically insulated on the magnet armature.
  • the contact-oriented and / or the contact-remote end of the magnet armature is advantageously equipped with a material of low density, for example made of plastic, which gives the magnet armature a low weight and thus high acceleration and / or the coil winding or the holding system a sufficient distance from it Lends contact system.
  • Figure 1 an embodiment of the first trigger according to the invention
  • Figure 2 an embodiment of the second trigger according to the invention.
  • a contact system 10 which consists of a movable contact 11 in the form of a contact bridge with two movable contact pieces 111 and two fixed contacts 12, each with a fixed contact piece 121.
  • the movable contact 11 is mounted in a contact carrier 13 which is connected to a contact drive (not shown), for example a switch lock of a circuit breaker or a magnetic drive of a contactor.
  • a contact drive not shown
  • the contact system 10 is closed, the two connected contact pairs 111, 121 being under the action of a contact pressure medium 14 in the form of a helical compression spring.
  • the magnetic release 20 contains a coil winding 21 connected in series with the contact system 10, which surrounds a magnet armature 22 which is magnetically acted upon by the contact system 10 when a high overcurrent occurs.
  • the holding system 23 consists of a permanent magnet 231 fastened in the housing of the switching device and a soft magnetic core 232 connected to the magnet armature 22.
  • the holding system 23 is operatively connected to a spring-mechanical accelerating means which consists of a screw-shaped
  • the core 232 is held by the permanent magnet 231 with sufficient force, as a result of which the spring force accumulator 234 is kept in the tensioned state.
  • the magnet armature 22 carries at its end 222 close to the contact a non-magnetic plunger 24 made of plastic, which points towards the movable contact 11. If a short-circuit current flows through the contact system 10 and the coil winding 21, a sufficiently strong magnetic field is built up, the force effect on the magnet armature 22 overcomes the permanent magnetic holding force of the holding system 23 and pulls the magnet armature 22 further into the coil winding 21.
  • the spring force accumulator 234 is discharged, causing the plunger 24 to strike the movable contact 11 in the direction of the arrow and to separate it from the fixed contacts 12 against the force of the contact pressure medium 14. Falling back of the movable contact 11 under the force of the contact pressure medium 14 is prevented by the counteracting force of the spring force accumulator 234 until the contact system 10 is permanently opened by triggering or switching off the contact drive.
  • the movable contact 11 which is moved in the switch-on direction via the contact drive, acts on the plunger 24 against the force of the spring force accumulator 234, as a result of which the holding system 23 returns to the holding position, so that the trigger 20 is in the rest position and the spring force accumulator 234 is in the tensioned state become.
  • the magnetic release 20 ' likewise contains a coil winding 21 and a magnet armature 22 connected in series with the contact system 10.
  • the magnetic armature 22 which is only partially immersed in the coil winding 21 in the rest position shown is held at its end 221 remote from the contact by a permanent magnetic holding system 23'.
  • the holding system 23 ' consists of a permanent magnet 231' fastened in the housing of the switching device and a magnet Anchor 22 connected to the contact system 10 facing soft magnetic first core 232 '.
  • the holding system 23 ' is operatively connected to a permanent magnetic accelerating means which consists of the permanent magnet 231' and a soft magnetic second core 233 'which is also connected to the magnet armature 22, but which points away from the contact system 10.
  • the second core 233 ' is connected to the first core 232' via a non-magnetic spacer 235 'which extends through a bore 236' of the permanent magnet 231 '. In the shown idle state of the trigger 20 ', the first core 232' is held by the permanent magnet 231 'with sufficient force.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but also encompasses all embodiments having the same effect in the sense of the invention.
  • the invention can be modified such that the coil winding and the magnet armature are coupled to a magnetic yoke for bundling the electromagnetic field or only part of the current flows through the coil winding through the contact system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic release for opening a contact system, containing a coil winding (21) connected in series with the contact system (10) and a magnet armature (22) surrounded by the coil winding, which is magnetically impinged upon by the contact system (10) in case of a high overcurrent. In order to prevent welding of the contacts (11, 12), the end (221) of the magnet armature (22) that is distant from the contact is held by a permanent magnetic holding system (23) when the armature is in an idle state. Said system has spring-mechanical acceleration means, which are tensioned by the permanent magnetic force, whereby the magnet armature (22) is no longer under the influence of the holding system (23) in the event of a short circuit current and the movable contact (11) remains open. In another embodiment, the magnetic release is equipped with permanent magnetic acceleration means.

Description

B e s c h r e i b u n g Description
Magnetauslöser zum Öffnen eines KontaktsystemsMagnetic release to open a contact system
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Magnetauslöser zum Öffnen eines Kontaktsystems nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. Das Kontaktsystem kann einfach- oder doppeltunterbrechend sein, kann linear bewegt oder verschwenkt werden und ist Bestandteil eines elektrischen Schaltgerätes, insbesondere eines Motorschutzschalters, eines Leitungsschutzschalters, eines Leistungsschalters oder eines elektromagnetischen Schützes.The invention relates to a magnetic release for opening a contact system according to the preamble of claim 1. The contact system can be single or double interrupting, can be moved or pivoted linearly and is part of an electrical switching device, in particular a motor circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker or an electromagnetic contactor.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aus der Druckschrift EP 0 323 404 B1 ist ein derartiger Auslöser bekannt. Dieser Auslöser besteht aus einem Magnetjoch, einem Magnetkern, einer mit dem Kontaktsystem in Reihe geschalteten Spulenwicklung, einem verschiebbaren Magnetanker und einem vom Magnetanker betätigbaren Schlagstift. Beim Auftreten eines Kurzschlussstromes durch das Kontaktsystem wird der Magnetanker entgegen der Kraft einer Ruhefeder schlagartig verschoben, wodurch der Schlagstift öffnend auf den beweglichen Kontakt des Kontaktsystems wirkt. Von Nachteil ist die vom Verlauf des Kurzschlussstromes abhängige Gefahr, dass der entgegen seiner Kontaktkraftfeder elektrodynamisch sich öffnende und vom Schlaganker elektromagnetisch unterstützte bewegli- ehe Kontakt in seine Schließstellung zurückfallen und dadurch mit dem bzw. den unbeweglichen Kontakten verschweißen kann. Aus der Druckschrift DE 34 33 126 A1 ist ein Auslöser mit permanentmagnetischer Haltekraft mit einem topfförmigen Eisenkreis bekannt, in dem der verschiebbare Magnetanker mit einem Permanentmagneten versehen ist. Die Halteposition des Magnetankers wird mittels Handbetätigung erzielt, wobei die Halterung selbst durch permanentmagnetische Kraftwirkung erfolgt. Die Auslösung erfolgt bei ausreichend hoher Bestromung der Spulenwicklung, wobei eine Feder eine hohe Beschleunigung des Magnetankers bewirkt. Ein Magnetbetätiger nach EP 0 572 155 A1 unterscheidet sich davon dadurch, dass der Magnetanker an beiden Enden mit jeweils einem Permanentmagne- ten versehen ist. Aus jeder der beiden stabilen Ruhelagen kann der Magnetanker durch Aufprägen eines Stromes in einer bestimmte Richtung durch die Spulenwicklung in die jeweils andere stabile Ruhelage verschoben werden, in der er nach Wegnahme des Stromes verbleibt. Die beiden vorstehend beschriebenen Auslöser sind jedoch nicht in Verbindung mit einem Kontaktsys- tem für Wechselstrom geeignet.Such a trigger is known from the document EP 0 323 404 B1. This trigger consists of a magnetic yoke, a magnetic core, a coil winding connected in series with the contact system, a displaceable magnet armature and a striker pin which can be actuated by the magnet armature. When a short-circuit current occurs through the contact system, the magnet armature is suddenly displaced against the force of a rest spring, as a result of which the striking pin has an opening effect on the movable contact of the contact system. The disadvantage, depending on the course of the short-circuit current, is that the movable contact, which opens electrodynamically against its contact force spring and is electromagnetically supported by the impact armature, can fall back into its closed position and thereby weld to the immovable contact (s). From the document DE 34 33 126 A1 a trigger with permanent magnetic holding force with a pot-shaped iron circle is known, in which the displaceable magnet armature is provided with a permanent magnet. The holding position of the magnet armature is achieved by means of manual actuation, the holding itself being carried out by permanent magnetic force. Tripping takes place when the coil winding is sufficiently energized, a spring causing a high acceleration of the magnet armature. A magnet actuator according to EP 0 572 155 A1 differs from this in that the magnet armature is provided with a permanent magnet at both ends. The magnet armature can be moved from each of the two stable rest positions by impressing a current in a certain direction through the coil winding into the other stable rest position in which it remains after the current has been removed. However, the two triggers described above are not suitable for use with an AC contact system.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verschweißen der Kontakte sicher zu verhindern.The invention has for its object to safely prevent welding of the contacts.
Ausgehend von einem Magnetauslöser der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der unab- hängigen Ansprüche gelöst, während den abhängigen Ansprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind.Starting from a magnetic release of the type mentioned in the introduction, the object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of the independent claims, while advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
Nach einer ersten Lösung enthält der erfindungsgemäße Auslöser ein permanentmagnetisches Haltesystem und ein federmechanisches Beschleunigungs- mittel. Unter Nennbedingungen verharrt der Magnetanker durch das permanentmagnetische Haltesystem stabil in seiner Ruhestellung. Tritt ein hoher Überstrom, insbesondere ein Kurzschlussstrom durch das Kontaktsystem und der damit elektrisch verbundenen Spulenwicklung auf, dann wird der Magnet- anker magnetisch und unter Überwindung der permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft weiter in die Spulenwicklung hineingezogen. Dabei wird die gespeicherte Federenergie des Beschleunigungsmittel freigesetzt. Die elektromagnetische Kraftwirkung der Spulenwicklung und die freigesetzte Federenergie treiben bei abnehmender permanentmagnetischer Kraft des Haltesystems den Magnetanker beschleunigend gegen den beweglichen Kontakt des Kontaktsystems, der dadurch noch vor dem Überschreiten seiner elektrodynamischen Kontaktabhebegrenze gegen die Wirkung der Kontaktdruckmittel sicher geöffnet und durch die statische Wirkung der Federkraft des Beschleunigungsmittels offen- gehalten wird. Die Rücksetzung des Auslösers in seine Ruhestellung erfolgt mittels Handbetätigung oder durch einen separaten Antrieb. Hierzu sei auf die DE 34 33 126 A1 verwiesen.According to a first solution, the trigger according to the invention contains a permanent magnetic holding system and a spring-mechanical acceleration means. The magnetic armature remains stable in its rest position under nominal conditions thanks to the permanent magnetic holding system. If a high overcurrent, in particular a short-circuit current, occurs through the contact system and the coil winding electrically connected to it, then the magnetic anchor magnetically pulled into the coil winding while overcoming the permanent magnetic holding force. The stored spring energy of the accelerator is released. The electromagnetic force effect of the coil winding and the released spring energy accelerate the magnet armature against the movable contact of the contact system as the permanent magnetic force of the holding system decreases, which thereby reliably opens before the electrodynamic contact lifting limit against the effect of the contact pressure medium and due to the static effect of the spring force of the Accelerator is kept open. The trigger is reset to its rest position by manual operation or by a separate drive. For this, reference is made to DE 34 33 126 A1.
Vorteilhaft besteht das permanentmagnetische Haltesystem aus einem orts- fest, zweckmäßig im Gehäuse des Schaltgerätes angeordneten Permanentmagneten, der mit einem weichmagnetischen Kern zusammenwirkt, der seinerseits mit dem Magnetanker mechanisch verbunden ist, wobei das Permanentmagnetfeld keinen wirksamen Magnetfluss im Magnetanker hervorruft. Im Ruhezustand des Auslösers ist der Kern mit dem Permanentmagneten mag- netisch eng verbunden, wobei ein Federkraftspeicher durch das Haltesystem gespannt gehalten wird. Es ist auch möglich, den weichmagnetischen Kern ortsfest und den Permanentmagneten magnetisch isoliert am Magnetanker anzuordnen.The permanent magnetic holding system advantageously consists of a stationary permanent magnet which is expediently arranged in the housing of the switching device and which interacts with a soft magnetic core which in turn is mechanically connected to the magnet armature, the permanent magnetic field not causing an effective magnetic flux in the magnet armature. When the trigger is in the idle state, the core is magnetically closely connected to the permanent magnet, with a spring force accumulator being held under tension by the holding system. It is also possible to arrange the soft magnetic core stationary and the permanent magnet magnetically isolated on the magnet armature.
Nach einer zweiten Lösung enthält der erfindungsgemäße Auslöser ein permanentmagnetisches Haltesystem und ein permanentmagnetisches Beschleunigungsmittel. Unter Nennbedingungen verharrt der Magnetanker durch das permanentmagnetische Haltesystem stabil in seiner Ruhestellung. Tritt ein hoher Überstrom, insbesondere ein Kurzschlussstrom durch das Kontaktsys- tem und der damit elektrisch verbundenen Spulenwicklung auf, dann wird der Magnetanker magnetisch und unter Überwindung der permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft weiter in die Spulenwicklung hineingezogen. Der Magnetanker gerät dabei mit zunehmender Bewegung unter sinkenden Einfluss der An- zugskraft des permanentmagnetischen Haltesystems, dagegen unter steigenden Einfluss der Anzugskraft des permanentmagnetischen Beschleunigungsmittels. Die elektromagnetische Kraft der Spulenwicklung und die zunehmende Kraft des Beschleunigungsmittels treiben bei abnehmender permanent- magnetischer Kraft des Haltesystems den Magnetanker beschleunigend gegen den beweglichen Kontakt des Kontaktsystems, der dadurch noch vor dem Überschreiten seiner elektrodynamischen Kontaktabhebegrenze gegen die Wirkung der Kn-Taktdruckmittel sicher geöffnet und durch die permanentmagnetische Haltekraft des Beschleunigungsmittels offengehalten wird. Die Rück- Setzung des Auslösers in seine Ruhestellung erfolgt mittels Handbetätigung oder durch einen separaten Antrieb. Hierzu sei wiederum auf die DE 34 33 126 A1 verwiesen.According to a second solution, the trigger according to the invention contains a permanent magnetic holding system and a permanent magnetic accelerating means. The magnetic armature remains stable in its rest position under nominal conditions thanks to the permanent magnetic holding system. If a high overcurrent, in particular a short-circuit current, occurs through the contact system and the coil winding electrically connected to it, then the magnet armature is drawn magnetically into the coil winding, overcoming the permanent magnetic holding force. As the movement increases, the magnet armature becomes less affected by the tractive force of the permanent magnetic holding system, on the other hand under increasing influence of the pulling force of the permanent magnetic accelerating means. The electromagnetic force of the coil winding and the increasing force of the accelerating means accelerate the magnetic armature against the moving contact of the contact system as the permanent-magnetic force of the holding system decreases, which thereby reliably opens and pushes against the effect of the Kn-cycle pressure medium even before its electrodynamic contact lifting limit is exceeded the permanent magnetic holding force of the accelerator is kept open. The trigger is reset to its rest position by manual operation or by a separate drive. Again, reference is made to DE 34 33 126 A1.
Vorteilhaft besteht das permanentmagnetische Haltesystem aus einem orts- fest, zweckmäßig im Gehäuse des Schaltgerätes angeordneten Permanentmagneten, der mit einem weichmagnetischen ersten Kern zusammenwirkt, der mit dem Magnetanker mechanisch verbunden ist, wobei das Permanentmagnetfeld keinen wirksamen Magnetfluss im Magnetanker hervorruft. Auf der entgegengesetzten Seite des Permanentmagneten ist ein weichmagnetischer zweiter Kern angeordnet, der mechanisch in einem bestimmten Abstand vom ersten Kern mit dem Magnetanker verbunden ist. Im Ruhezustand des Auslösers ist der erste Kern mit dem Permanentmagneten magnetisch eng verbunden, der zweite Kern dagegen praktisch magnetisch getrennt. In der Offenhaltestellung haben sich diese Verhältnisse umgekehrt. Es ist auch möglich, ei- nen weichmagnetischen Kern ortsfest und zwei Permanentmagneten voneinander beabstandet und magnetisch isoliert am Magnetanker anzuordnen.The permanent magnetic holding system advantageously consists of a stationary permanent magnet which is expediently arranged in the housing of the switching device and which interacts with a soft magnetic first core which is mechanically connected to the magnet armature, the permanent magnetic field not causing an effective magnetic flux in the magnet armature. A soft-magnetic second core is arranged on the opposite side of the permanent magnet and is mechanically connected to the magnet armature at a certain distance from the first core. When the trigger is at rest, the first core is magnetically closely connected to the permanent magnet, while the second core is practically magnetically separated. In the open position, these relationships have reversed. It is also possible to arrange a soft magnetic core in a stationary manner and two permanent magnets spaced apart from one another and magnetically insulated on the magnet armature.
Vorteilhafterweise ist das kontaktnahe und/oder das kontaktferne Ende des Magnetankers mit einem Material geringer Dichte, beispielsweise aus Kunst- stoff, ausgestattet, das dem Magnetanker ein geringes Gewicht und damit eine hohe Beschleunigung und/oder der Spulenwicklung bzw. dem Haltesystem einen ausreichenden Abstand vom Kontaktsystem verleiht. Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenThe contact-oriented and / or the contact-remote end of the magnet armature is advantageously equipped with a material of low density, for example made of plastic, which gives the magnet armature a low weight and thus high acceleration and / or the coil winding or the holding system a sufficient distance from it Lends contact system. Brief description of the drawings
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen jeweils in schematischer DarstellungFurther details and advantages of the invention result from the following exemplary embodiments explained with reference to figures. They each show a schematic representation
Figur 1 : einer Ausführungsform des ersten erfindungsgemäßen Auslösers; Figur 2: einer Ausführungsform des zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Auslösers.Figure 1: an embodiment of the first trigger according to the invention; Figure 2: an embodiment of the second trigger according to the invention.
Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention
Der Magnetauslöser 20 nach Fig. 1 ist einem Kontaktsystem 10 zugeordnet, das aus einem beweglichen Kontakt 11 in Form einer Kontaktbrücke mit zwei beweglichen Schaltstücken 111 und aus zwei feststehenden Kontakten 12 mit jeweils einem feststehenden Schaltstück 121 besteht. Der bewegliche Kontakt 11 ist in einem Kontaktträger 13 gelagert, der mit einem nicht dargestellten Kontaktantrieb, beispielsweise einem Schaltschloss eines Schutzschalters oder einem Magnetantrieb eines Schützes, verbunden ist. In dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Zustand ist das Kontaktsystem 10 geschlossen, wobei die beiden verbundenen Schaltstückpaare 111 , 121 unter der Einwirkung eines Kontaktdruckmittels 14 in Form einer schraubenförmigen Druckfeder stehen. Der Magnetauslöser 20 enthält eine in Reihe mit dem Kontaktsystem 10 geschal- tete Spulenwicklung 21 , die einen Magnetanker 22 umgibt, der beim Auftreten eines hohen Überstromes durch das Kontaktsystem 10 magnetisch beaufschlagt wird. Der in der gezeigten Ruhelage nur teilweise in die Spulenwicklung 21 eingetauchte Magnetanker 22 wird an seinem kontaktfemen Ende 221 von einem permanentmagnetischen Haltesystem 23 gehalten. Das Haltesys- tem 23 besteht aus einem im Gehäuse des Schaltgerätes befestigten Permanentmagneten 231 sowie einem mit dem Magnetanker 22 verbundenen weichmagnetischen Kern 232. Das Haltesystem 23 ist mit einem federmechanischen Beschleunigungsmittel wirkverbunden, das aus einem schraubenför- migen Federkraftspeicher 234 besteht, der sich beidseitig zwischen Permanentmagnet 231 und Kern 232 abstützt. Im gezeigten Ruhezustand des Auslösers 20 wird der Kern 232 vom Permanentmagneten 231 mit ausreichender Kraft festgehalten, wodurch der Federkraftspeicher 234 im gespannten Zu- stand gehalten wird. Der Magnetanker 22 trägt an seinem kontaktnahen Ende 222 einen nichtmagnetischen Stößel 24 aus Kunststoff, der zum beweglichen Kontakt 11 weist. Wenn ein Kurzschlussstrom durch das Kontaktsystem 10 und die Spulenwicklung 21 fließt, wird ein ausreichend starkes Magnetfeld aufgebaut, dessen Kraftwirkung auf den Magnetanker 22 die permanentmag- netische Haltekraft des Haltesystems 23 überwindet und den Magnetanker 22 in die Spulenwicklung 21 weiter hineinzieht. Dabei entlädt sich der Federkraftspeicher 234, wodurch der Stößel 24 in Pfeilrichtung gegen den beweglichen Kontakt 11 schlägt und diesen gegen die Kraftwirkung des Kontaktdruckmittels 14 von den feststehenden Kontakten 12 trennt. Ein Zurückfallen des bewegli- chen Kontaktes 11 unter der Kraftwirkung des Kontaktdruckmittels 14 wird durch die entgegenwirkende Kraft des Federkraftspeichers 234 verhindert, bis das Kontaktsystem 10 durch Auslösen oder Ausschalten des Kontaktantriebes bleibend geöffnet wird. Nach Beseitigung des Kurzschlusses beaufschlagt der über den Kontaktantrieb in Einschaltrichtung bewegte bewegliche Kontakt 11 den Stößel 24 gegen die Kraftwirkung des Federkraftspeichers 234, wodurch das Haltesystem 23 wieder in die Halteposition, damit der Auslöser 20 in die Ruhestellung und der Federkraftspeicher 234 in den gespannten Zustand gebracht werden.1 is assigned to a contact system 10, which consists of a movable contact 11 in the form of a contact bridge with two movable contact pieces 111 and two fixed contacts 12, each with a fixed contact piece 121. The movable contact 11 is mounted in a contact carrier 13 which is connected to a contact drive (not shown), for example a switch lock of a circuit breaker or a magnetic drive of a contactor. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the contact system 10 is closed, the two connected contact pairs 111, 121 being under the action of a contact pressure medium 14 in the form of a helical compression spring. The magnetic release 20 contains a coil winding 21 connected in series with the contact system 10, which surrounds a magnet armature 22 which is magnetically acted upon by the contact system 10 when a high overcurrent occurs. The magnet armature 22, which is only partially immersed in the coil winding 21 in the rest position shown, is held at its non-contact end 221 by a permanent magnetic holding system 23. The holding system 23 consists of a permanent magnet 231 fastened in the housing of the switching device and a soft magnetic core 232 connected to the magnet armature 22. The holding system 23 is operatively connected to a spring-mechanical accelerating means which consists of a screw-shaped There is spring force accumulator 234, which is supported on both sides between permanent magnet 231 and core 232. In the shown idle state of the trigger 20, the core 232 is held by the permanent magnet 231 with sufficient force, as a result of which the spring force accumulator 234 is kept in the tensioned state. The magnet armature 22 carries at its end 222 close to the contact a non-magnetic plunger 24 made of plastic, which points towards the movable contact 11. If a short-circuit current flows through the contact system 10 and the coil winding 21, a sufficiently strong magnetic field is built up, the force effect on the magnet armature 22 overcomes the permanent magnetic holding force of the holding system 23 and pulls the magnet armature 22 further into the coil winding 21. The spring force accumulator 234 is discharged, causing the plunger 24 to strike the movable contact 11 in the direction of the arrow and to separate it from the fixed contacts 12 against the force of the contact pressure medium 14. Falling back of the movable contact 11 under the force of the contact pressure medium 14 is prevented by the counteracting force of the spring force accumulator 234 until the contact system 10 is permanently opened by triggering or switching off the contact drive. After the short circuit has been eliminated, the movable contact 11, which is moved in the switch-on direction via the contact drive, acts on the plunger 24 against the force of the spring force accumulator 234, as a result of which the holding system 23 returns to the holding position, so that the trigger 20 is in the rest position and the spring force accumulator 234 is in the tensioned state become.
Der Magnetauslöser 20' nach Fig. 2 ist teilweise mit gleichen Elementen wie der vorstehend beschriebene Auslöser ausgestattet, weswegen für diese Elemente gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet werden. Der Magnetauslöser 20' enthält ebenfalls eine in Reihe mit dem Kontaktsystem 10 geschaltete Spulenwicklung 21 und einen Magnetanker 22. Der in der gezeigten Ruhelage nur teilweise in die Spulenwicklung 21 eingetauchte Magnetanker 22 wird an seinem kontaktfernen Ende 221 von einem permanentmagnetischen Haltesystem 23' gehalten. Das Haltesystem 23' besteht aus einem im Gehäuse des Schaltgerätes befestigten Permanentmagneten 231 ' sowie einem mit dem Magnet- anker 22 verbundenen, zum Kontaktsystem 10 weisenden weichmagnetischen ersten Kern 232'. Das Haltesystem 23' ist mit einem permanentmagnetischen Beschleunigungsmittel wirkverbunden, das aus dem Permanentmagneten 231 ' und einem ebenfalls mit dem Magnetanker 22 verbundenen, jedoch vom Kontaktsystem 10 wegweisenden weichmagnetischen zweiten Kern 233' besteht. Der zweite Kern 233' ist über ein unmagnetisches Abstandsstück 235', das durch eine Bohrung 236' des Permanentmagneten 231 ' reicht, mit dem ersten Kern 232' verbunden. Im gezeigten Ruhezustand des Auslösers 20' wird der erste Kern 232' vom Permanentmagneten 231 ' mit ausreichender Kraft festgehalten. Wenn ein Kurzschlussstrom durch das Kontaktsystem 10 und die Spulenwicklung 21 fließt, wird ein ausreichend starkes Magnetfeld aufgebaut, dessen Kraftwirkung auf den Magnetanker 22 die permanentmagnetische Haltekraft des Haltesystems 23' überwindet und den Magnetanker 22 in die Spulenwicklung 21 weiter hineinzieht. Die anziehende Wirkung des Permanentmagneten 231 ' auf den ersten Kern 232' lässt dabei nach, wogegen diese Wirkung auf den zweiten Kern 233' zunimmt. Dadurch schlägt der Stößel 24 in Pfeilrichtung gegen den beweglichen Kontakt 11 und trennt diesen gegen die Kraftwirkung des Kontaktdruckmittels 14 von den feststehenden Kontakten 12. Ein Zurückfallen des beweglichen Kontaktes 11 unter der Kraftwirkung des Kontaktdruckmittels 14 wird durch die entgegenwirkende permanentmagnetische Kraft des Permanentmagneten 231 ' auf den zweiten Kern 233' verhindert, bis das Kontaktsystem 10 durch Auslösen oder Ausschalten des Kontaktantriebes bleibend geöffnet wird. Nach Beseitigung des Kurzschlusses beaufschlagt der über den Kontaktantrieb in Einschaltrichtung bewegte bewegliche Kontakt 11 den Stößel 24 gegen die permanentmagnetische Kraft zwischen zweitem Kern 233' und Permanentmagneten 231 ', wodurch das Haltesystem 23' wieder in die Halteposition und damit der Auslöser 20' in die Ruhestellung gebracht werden.2 is partially equipped with the same elements as the trigger described above, which is why the same reference numerals are used for these elements. The magnetic release 20 'likewise contains a coil winding 21 and a magnet armature 22 connected in series with the contact system 10. The magnetic armature 22 which is only partially immersed in the coil winding 21 in the rest position shown is held at its end 221 remote from the contact by a permanent magnetic holding system 23'. The holding system 23 'consists of a permanent magnet 231' fastened in the housing of the switching device and a magnet Anchor 22 connected to the contact system 10 facing soft magnetic first core 232 '. The holding system 23 'is operatively connected to a permanent magnetic accelerating means which consists of the permanent magnet 231' and a soft magnetic second core 233 'which is also connected to the magnet armature 22, but which points away from the contact system 10. The second core 233 'is connected to the first core 232' via a non-magnetic spacer 235 'which extends through a bore 236' of the permanent magnet 231 '. In the shown idle state of the trigger 20 ', the first core 232' is held by the permanent magnet 231 'with sufficient force. If a short-circuit current flows through the contact system 10 and the coil winding 21, a sufficiently strong magnetic field is built up, the force effect on the magnet armature 22 overcomes the permanent magnetic holding force of the holding system 23 'and pulls the magnet armature 22 further into the coil winding 21. The attractive effect of the permanent magnet 231 'on the first core 232' diminishes, whereas this effect on the second core 233 'increases. As a result, the plunger 24 strikes against the movable contact 11 in the direction of the arrow and separates the latter from the fixed contacts 12 against the force of the contact pressure medium 14. Falling back of the movable contact 11 under the force of the contact pressure medium 14 is caused by the opposing permanent magnetic force of the permanent magnet 231 ' prevents the second core 233 'until the contact system 10 is permanently opened by triggering or switching off the contact drive. After the short circuit has been eliminated, the movable contact 11, which is moved in the switch-on direction via the contact drive, acts on the plunger 24 against the permanent magnetic force between the second core 233 'and the permanent magnet 231', as a result of which the holding system 23 'returns to the holding position and thus the trigger 20' to the rest position to be brought.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern umfasst auch alle im Sinne der Erfindung gleichwirkenden Ausführungsformen. So lässt sich die Erfindung beispielsweise dahingehend abwandeln, dass die Spulenwicklung und der Magnetanker zur Bündelung des elektromagnetischen Feldes mit einem Magnetjoch gekoppelt sind oder die Spulenwicklung nur von einem Teil des Stromes durch das Kontaktsystem durchflössen wird.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but also encompasses all embodiments having the same effect in the sense of the invention. For example, the invention can be modified such that the coil winding and the magnet armature are coupled to a magnetic yoke for bundling the electromagnetic field or only part of the current flows through the coil winding through the contact system.
Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
10 Kontaktsystem10 contact system
11 beweglicher Kontakt11 moving contact
111 bewegliche Schaltstücke111 moving contacts
12 feststehende Kontakte12 fixed contacts
121 feststehende Schaltstücke121 fixed contact pieces
13 Kontaktträger13 contact carrier
14 Kontaktdruckmittel14 contact pressure medium
20; 20' Magnetauslöser20; 20 'magnetic release
21 Spulenwicklung21 coil winding
22 Magnetanker22 magnetic armatures
221 ; 222 Enden des Magnetankers221; 222 ends of the magnet armature
23; 23' Haltesystem23; 23 'holding system
231 ; 231 ' Permanentmagnet231; 231 'permanent magnet
232; 232'; 233' Kern232; 232 '; 233 'core
234 Federkraftspeicher234 spring-loaded mechanism
235' Abstandsstück235 'spacer
236' Bohrung236 'bore
24 Stößel 24 pestles

Claims

A n s p r ü c h e Expectations
1. Magnetauslöser zum Öffnen eines Kontaktsystems, enthaltend eine we- nigstens teilweise vom Strom des Kontaktsystems (10) durchflossene1. Magnetic release for opening a contact system, containing one at least partially flowed through by the current of the contact system (10)
Spulenwicklung (21) und einen Magnetanker (22), der beim Auftreten eines hohen Überstromes magnetisch beaufschlagt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnetanker (22) an seinem kontaktfernen Ende (221) von einem permanentmagnetischen Haltesystem (23) gehalten wird, das ein von dem Haltesystem (23) gespanntes federmechanisches Beschleunigungsmittel aufweist, und der Magnetanker (22) mit seinem kontaktnahen Ende (222) bei Überwindung der permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft durch die elektromagnetische Wirkung des Spulenstromes unter der Mitwirkung des freigewordenen Beschleunigungsmittels öffnend und durch die Wirkung des Beschleunigungsmittels offenhaltend auf den beweglichen Kontakt (11) des Kontaktsystems (10) wirkt.Coil winding (21) and a magnet armature (22), which is magnetically acted upon when a high overcurrent occurs, characterized in that the magnet armature (22) is held at its end remote from the contact (221) by a permanent magnetic holding system (23) which is one of the holding system (23) has tensioned spring-mechanical accelerating means, and the magnet armature (22) with its end (222) close to the contact when the permanent magnetic holding force is overcome by the electromagnetic effect of the coil current opening with the cooperation of the released accelerating means and by the effect of the accelerating means keeping open on the movable contact (11) of the contact system (10) acts.
2. Magnetauslöser nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltesystem (23) aus einem ortsfesten Permanentmagneten (231) sowie einem mit dem Magnetanker (22) verbundenen weichmagnetischen Kern2. Magnetic release according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding system (23) from a stationary permanent magnet (231) and a soft magnetic core connected to the magnet armature (22)
(232) und das Beschleunigungsmittel aus einem sich zwischen Permanentmagnet (231) und Kern (232) abstützenden Federkraftspeicher (234) besteht.(232) and the acceleration means consists of a spring force accumulator (234) supported between the permanent magnet (231) and the core (232).
3. Magnetauslöser zum Öffnen eines Kontaktsystems (10), enthaltend eine wenigstens teilweise vom Strom des Kontaktsystems (10) durchflossene Spulenwicklung (21) und einen Magnetanker (22), der beim Auftreten eines hohen Überstromes magnetisch beaufschlagt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnetanker (22) von seinem kontaktfernen Ende (221) von einem permanentmagnetischen Haltesystem (23') gehalten wird, von dem beabstandet ein permanentmagnetisches Beschleunigungsmittel angeordnet ist, und der Magnetanker (22) mit seinem kontaktnahen Ende (222) bei Überwindung der permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft durch die elektromagnetische Wirkung des Spulenstromes unter der zunehmenden Wirkung des permanentmagnetischen Beschleunigungsmittels öffnend und durch die permanentmagnetische Haltekraft des Beschleunigungsmittels offenhaltend auf den beweglichen Kontakt (11) des Kontaktsystems (10) wirkt.3. Magnetic release for opening a contact system (10), comprising a coil winding (21) through which the current of the contact system (10) flows at least partially and a magnet armature (22) which is magnetically acted upon when a high overcurrent occurs, characterized in that the magnet armature (22) is held by its end (221) remote from the contact by a permanent magnetic holding system (23 '), from which a permanent magnetic accelerating means is arranged, and the magnet armature (22) with its near - contact end (222) when the permanent magnetic holding force is overcome by the the electromagnetic effect of the coil current under the increasing effect of the permanent magnetic accelerating means opening and by the permanent magnetic holding force of the accelerating means keeps open on the movable contact (11) of the contact system (10).
4. Magnetauslöser nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltesystem (23') aus einem ortsfesten Permanentmagneten (231 ') sowie einem mit dem Magnetanker (22) verbundenen weichmagnetischen ersten Kern (232'), der sich auf der dem Anker (22) zugewandten Seite des Permanentmagneten (231 ') befindet, und das Beschleunigungsmittel aus dem Permanentmagneten (231 ') sowie einem mit dem Magnetanker (22) verbundenen weichmagnetischen zweiten Kern (233'), der sich auf der dem Anker (22) abgewandten Seite des Permanentmagneten (231 ') befindet, besteht.4. Magnetic release according to claim 3, characterized in that the holding system (23 ') from a fixed permanent magnet (231') and a magnetically connected to the magnet armature (22) first core (232 '), which is on the armature (22nd ) facing side of the permanent magnet (231 '), and the accelerating means from the permanent magnet (231') and a soft magnetic second core (233 ') connected to the magnet armature (22), which is located on the side of the armature (22) facing away from the armature (22) Permanent magnet (231 ') is there.
5. Magnetauslöser nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit dem kontaktnahen Ende (222) des Magnetankers (22) ein Stößel (24) geringer Dichte verbunden ist.5. Magnetic release according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plunger (24) of low density is connected to the near-contact end (222) of the magnet armature (22).
6. Magnetauslöser nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnetauslöser (22) an seinem kontaktfernen Ende (221) aus einem Material geringer Dichte besteht. 6. Magnetic release according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic release (22) at its remote end (221) consists of a low-density material.
PCT/EP2001/004380 2000-04-27 2001-04-18 Magnetic release for opening a contact system WO2001084579A1 (en)

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DE10020695.6 2000-04-27

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WO2012146573A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-11-01 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Overcharge safety device for protecting electrotechnical components from too high operating currents
DE102012102431A1 (en) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Circuit breaker
CN111180285A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-19 吴妍佩 Direct current fuse
WO2021139531A1 (en) * 2020-01-08 2021-07-15 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 Self-toughening nano composite permanent magnet conductive contact and manufacturing method therefor
WO2021143476A1 (en) * 2020-01-14 2021-07-22 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 Cold deformed and adjusted nanocomposite permanent magnet conductive contact and manufacturing method therefor
CN113658832A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-16 广东电网有限责任公司 Double-power tripper

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EP2416340A1 (en) 2010-08-02 2012-02-08 Eaton Industries GmbH Switching device with a geometric element for impact of the movement of the movable contact element

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US3373383A (en) * 1965-02-02 1968-03-12 Shoichi Shimada Automatic current limiting circuit breaker
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GB1490262A (en) * 1974-01-29 1977-10-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter with magnetic induction drive opening means

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012146573A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-11-01 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Overcharge safety device for protecting electrotechnical components from too high operating currents
CN103620724A (en) * 2011-04-27 2014-03-05 泰科电子Amp有限责任公司 Overcharge safety device for protecting electrotechnical components from too high operating currents
CN103620724B (en) * 2011-04-27 2016-09-07 泰连德国有限公司 For protecting electrician's parts from the overcharge safety device of too high operating current
DE102012102431A1 (en) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Circuit breaker
DE102012102431B4 (en) * 2012-03-21 2019-11-07 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Circuit breaker
WO2021139531A1 (en) * 2020-01-08 2021-07-15 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 Self-toughening nano composite permanent magnet conductive contact and manufacturing method therefor
CN111180285A (en) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-19 吴妍佩 Direct current fuse
WO2021143476A1 (en) * 2020-01-14 2021-07-22 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 Cold deformed and adjusted nanocomposite permanent magnet conductive contact and manufacturing method therefor
CN113658832A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-16 广东电网有限责任公司 Double-power tripper
CN113658832B (en) * 2021-08-12 2024-09-20 广东电网有限责任公司 Double dynamical release

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