WO2001071265A1 - Heating solid material in two opposite streams - Google Patents
Heating solid material in two opposite streams Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001071265A1 WO2001071265A1 PCT/IB2001/000395 IB0100395W WO0171265A1 WO 2001071265 A1 WO2001071265 A1 WO 2001071265A1 IB 0100395 W IB0100395 W IB 0100395W WO 0171265 A1 WO0171265 A1 WO 0171265A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solid material
- streams
- temperature adjustment
- stream
- hot zone
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
- F27B9/021—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks
- F27B9/022—With two tracks moving in opposite directions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B21/00—Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
- F27B21/06—Endless-strand sintering machines
Definitions
- THIS INVENTION relates to heating a solid material More particularly, it
- each temperature adjustment zone is thus a
- heating/cooling zone in which the material of one stream is heated
- Moving the streams of solid material may be by conveying them respectively
- streams of solid material may be by conveying them in opposite directions on a pair
- the load carriers may be wheeled and may run on respective tracks
- load carriers such as rail tracks; or the load carriers may be suspended, for example as buckets
- Moving the streams may be along a tunnel having a hollow interior
- the method may be associated with a chemical reaction which is
- the chemical reaction may for
- the heating may be to a temperature sufficiently high to cause
- reaction being an endothermic reaction.
- heat transfer zones may primarily be by forced convection, minor amounts of said heat transfer also taking place by radiation. Naturally, some natural convection and
- the forced convection may be effected by
- the method may include dividing it into the two streams before it is heated, and
- the solid material streams may derive from a common source, the method
- the material is particulate, eg in more or less finely divided form, for
- the method may include the
- the solid material may
- the shapes may be selected so that, if the material is to be subsequently smelted
- the consolidated shapes may
- each stream typically enters one of the
- the temperature of the solid material may be further provided.
- each leg 95 in the hot zone for example by means of radiant heating elements, by circulation of hot gases such as combustion gases, or the like.
- the conveyances being located alongside each other and being arranged
- gas circulation means for forced circulation of a hot gas across the streams of solid
- the apparatus or installation may include a hollow tunnel forming part of a
- Each conveyance may be a conveyor belt, such as a woven
- each conveyance may be any conveyance.
- an airlock may be provided at
- each end of the tunnel for isolating the atmosphere in the tunnel from the ambient
- the apparatus or installation including heating
- 130 means for supplying heat to a solid material in the hot zone, such as heating
- gas circulation means for circulating hot gas over or across solid material in the hot
- the invention for sintering solid ceramic material by heating it.
- reference numeral 1 0 generally designates an installation for
- the installation comprises a tunnel in the form of a kiln 1 2, having side walls shown at 14 and an elongate rectangular
- the tunnel has open ends at 22 and
- the tracks 1 8 can be
- the kiln 1 2 has its interior divided into three
- zone 30 and the heating/cooling zones 28 being at the positions, along the length
- Each end of the kiln is provided with a pair of fans 34, arranged to blow air
- Each trolley 26 is shown carrying a plurality of consolidated ceramic shapes 38, formed from finely divided particulate ceramic
- radiant heating elements located in the hot zone 30 and directed
- the tunnel 1 2 has, an optional
- a particulate ceramic such as
- the trains 24 of the trolleys 26 are pushed along the length of the kiln 1 2,
- the hot zone 30 between the positions 32, the shapes 38 are sintered by heat from
- the electrical heating elements the shapes also being heated by hot air in the hot
- This air is first heated by the hot shapes 38 (and trolleys 26)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and an apparatus (10) or installation for heating solid material. The invention involves two conveyances (18, 20) which are used to convey two streams of the solid material in opposite directions alongside each other through a hot zone between two temperature adjustment zones. The solid material is kept at an elevated temperature in the hot zone (30) and is heated/cooled in each of the temperature adjustment zones (28), heat being transferred from the solid material of one of the streams to the other in each heat adjustment zone (28). Forced gas circulation means (34) circulates a hot gas across the streams of solid material, transversely to the direction of stream movement, in each temperature adjustment zone, the solid material of one of the streams being cooled in each of the temperature adjustment zones, while the material of the other stream is heated therein.
Description
HEATING SOLID MATERIAL IN TWO OPPOSITE STREAMS
THIS INVENTION relates to heating a solid material More particularly, it
relates to a method of heating a solid material, and it relates to an apparatus or
installation for heating a solid material, suitable for subsequent heat recovery from
the heated solid material.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a method of
heating a solid material which comprises moving two streams of the solid material
in opposite directions alongside each other through a hot zone and through a pair
of temperature adjustment zones having the hot zone located therebetween, in the
direction of movement of the streams, the solid material being maintained at an
elevated temperature in the hot zone, heat being transferred from the solid material
of one said stream to the solid material of the other stream in one of the
temperature adjustment zones and heat being transferred from the solid material of
the other stream to the solid material of the one stream in the other of the
temperature adjustment zones, so that, in each temperature adjustment zone, the
solid material of one of the streams is being heated, while the solid material of the
other stream is being cooled.
It will be appreciated that each temperature adjustment zone is thus a
heating/cooling zone, in which the material of one stream is heated, while the
material of the other stream is cooled.
Moving the streams of solid material may be by conveying them respectively
on a pair of conveyances in the form of conveyor belts arranged to convey them
in opposite directions and extending alongside each other. Instead, moving the
streams of solid material may be by conveying them in opposite directions on a pair
of conveyances the form of trains of load carriers, the trains extending alongside
each other. The load carriers may be wheeled and may run on respective tracks
such as rail tracks; or the load carriers may be suspended, for example as buckets
or baskets, which hang from a belt or hang from an overhead rail or from an
overhead chain, which moves them in the appropriate directions.
Moving the streams may be along a tunnel having a hollow interior and
forming part of a furnace (or a kiln), the streams being enclosed in the interior of
the tunnel. The method may be associated with a chemical reaction which is
undergone by the solid material in the hot zone. The chemical reaction may for
example be a calcining reaction or a sintering reaction, or an endothermic reaction,
such as an endothermic reduction reaction taking place under reducing conditions.
Thus, in particular, the heating may be to a temperature sufficiently high to cause
the solid material to undergo a chemical reaction in the hot zone, the chemical
reaction being an endothermic reaction.
Transferring heat from the one stream to the other, and vice versa, in the
heat transfer zones may primarily be by forced convection, minor amounts of said
heat transfer also taking place by radiation. Naturally, some natural convection and
some radiation will take place, for example direct radiation from the solid material
of the stream which is being cooled to the solid material of the stream which is
being heated, and, when the streams are in a tunnel, by indirect radiation from the
solid material being cooled to the roof and/or walls of the tunnel, coupled with
radiation from said roof and/or walls to the solid material being heated.
When forced convection is employed, this may be effected by one or more
fans or blowers adjacent to the streams of solid material, circulating hot gas, in a
direction transverse to the direction of movement of the streams, over the solid
material of the streams. More precisely, the forced convection may be effected by
forced circulation of a hot gas, in a direction transverse to the direction of
movement of the streams, over the solid material of the streams.
When the solid material arises from a common source, such as a stockpile,
the method may include dividing it into the two streams before it is heated, and
combining it into a single stream or stockpile, after it has been cooled. In other
words, the solid material streams may derive from a common source, the method
including dividing the material of the common source into the two streams before
it is heated, and combining the two streams together after the material has been
cooled. If the material is particulate, eg in more or less finely divided form, for
example of an average particle size of less than 3 mm, the method may include the
preliminary step of consolidating the solid material into compacted shapes of
relatively larger size than that of the particles, the shapes being moved along the
streams and being heated. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the solid material may
75 be particulate, being in more or less finely divided form, the method including, as
a preliminary step, consolidating the solid material into compacted shapes of larger
size than the size of the particles, the consolidated shapes being moved along the
streams and the heating being of the consolidated shapes. The size and nature of
the shapes may be selected so that, if the material is to be subsequently smelted,
so no size reduction of the shapes is required before smelting thereof. Thus, in
accordance with the method of the present invention, the consolidated shapes may
be smelted after the cooling thereof, the smelting taking place without effecting
any size reduction step on the shapes.
85 In accordance with the method each stream typically enters one of the
heating/cooling zones with the solid material at ambient temperature, being
progressively heated to increasing temperatures as it moves along that zone, to
enter the hot zone at a high temperature lower than the maximum temperature in
the hot zone. In the hot zone the temperature of the solid material may be further
90 raised to a maximum and then maintained at a more or less constant value and,
when the stream leaves the hot zone and moves through the other heating/cooling
zone, it is progressively cooled, leaving said other heating/cooling zone at a lower
temperature than the temperature of the hot zone, although typically somewhat
above ambient temperature. If desired, heat may be supplied to the solid material
95 in the hot zone, for example by means of radiant heating elements, by circulation
of hot gases such as combustion gases, or the like. Thus, in particular, each
stream may enter one of the temperature adjustment zones with the solid material
at ambient temperature, the solid material then being progressively heated to
100 increase its temperature as it moves along that temperature adjustment zone, the
solid material undergoing an endothermic reaction in the hot zone, the progressive
increase of the temperature of the solid material reaching a maximum in the hot
zone and the solid material, when said stream leaves the hot zone and moves
through the other temperature adjustment zone, being progressively cooled, said
ιo5 stream leaving said other temperature adjustment zone at a lower temperature than
the temperature of the hot zone, and above the ambient temperature, heat being
supplied to the solid material of said stream in the hot zone.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided an apparatus
no or installation which comprises a pair of conveyances for conveying the solid
material, the conveyances being located alongside each other and being arranged
respectively to move two streams of solid material in opposite directions alongside
one another and through two spaced temperature adjustment zones, the
temperature adjustment zones being spaced, in the direction of conveyance
ιi5 movement, apart from each other, the apparatus or installation including forced
gas circulation means for forced circulation of a hot gas across the streams of solid
material in each temperature adjustment zone, in a direction transverse to the
direction of movement of the streams.
120
The apparatus or installation may include a hollow tunnel forming part of a
kiln or furnace, along the interior of which tunnel the conveyances extend, the
temperature adjustment (heating/cooling) zones being separated by a hot zone
located therebetween. Each conveyance may be a conveyor belt, such as a woven
125 metal (stainless steel or the like) conveyor belt, or, instead, each conveyance may
be a train of load carriers, such as carriages or trolleys, which may be wheeled,
running on a track such as a pair of rails. If desired, an airlock may be provided at
each end of the tunnel, for isolating the atmosphere in the tunnel from the ambient
atmosphere outside the tunnel, the apparatus or installation including heating
130 means for supplying heat to a solid material in the hot zone, such as heating
elements which may be electrical, for radiating heat on to the solid material, or hot
gas circulation means, for circulating hot gas over or across solid material in the hot
zone.
135 The invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting illustrative
example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, in which the
single Figure shows a schematic sectional plan view of an installation according to
the invention for sintering solid ceramic material by heating it.
ι4o In the drawing, reference numeral 1 0 generally designates an installation for
sintering solid ceramic material by heating it. The installation comprises a tunnel
in the form of a kiln 1 2, having side walls shown at 14 and an elongate rectangular
145 floor 1 6 carrying two tracks 1 8 of rails 20. The tunnel has open ends at 22 and
a roof (not shown) above the floor 1 6.
Two trains of wheeled trolleys 26 are shown, with their wheels (not shown)
supported rollably on the respective tracks 1 8. Instead, the tracks 1 8 can be
i5o omitted, and the trains can be replaced by conveyor belts of essentially the same
width and length as the trains of trolleys 26, so that the trolleys 26 essentially
illustrate such conveyor belts. In use, the kiln 1 2 has its interior divided into three
zones, namely a heating/cooling (temperature adjustment) zone 28 at each end of
the kiln, and a central hot zone 30 extending between and separating the zones 28.
155 The two outermost trolleys 26 at each end of each train 24 illustrated in the
drawing are located respectively in the heating/cooling zones 28, the remainder of
the trolleys 26 being located in the hot zone 30, the boundaries between the hot
zone 30 and the heating/cooling zones 28 being at the positions, along the length
of the kiln, indicated by arrows 32, the boundaries extending between the
160 outermost two trolleys 26 at each end of each train 24, and the remaining trolleys
26.
Each end of the kiln is provided with a pair of fans 34, arranged to blow air
along forced convection gas circulation circuits 36 defined by air flow lines
165 indicated by arrows, the circuits 36 passing transversely across the interior of the
kiln 1 2, above the trolleys 26. Each trolley 26 is shown carrying a plurality of
consolidated ceramic shapes 38, formed from finely divided particulate ceramic
material which has been consolidated.
170
On the inside of the roof (not shown) of the kiln are provided electrical
radiant heating elements (also not shown) located in the hot zone 30 and directed
downwardly to radiate heat on to the shapes 38. The tunnel 1 2 has, an optional
air-lock at each end 22 thereof, omitted for ease of illustration.
175
In use, according to the method of the invention, a particulate ceramic, such
as alumina powder from a stockpile (not shown) is consolidated into the shapes 38
which are loaded on the load beds 40 of the trolleys 26. The shapes 38 shown are
in the form of rectangular slabs loaded on their edges on the load beds 40, to
180 extend transversely across the trolleys 26, from one side of each trolley 26 to the
other, being spaced apart in series along the length of the trolley 26, face-to-face
with one another.
The trains 24 of the trolleys 26 are pushed along the length of the kiln 1 2,
185 in the directions respectively of arrows 42, 44, one train 24 of the trolleys 26 being
pushed in the direction of arrow 42 and the other being pushed in the opposite
direction, in the direction of arrow 44. As the trolleys 26 pass along the length of
the hot zone 30 between the positions 32, the shapes 38 are sintered by heat from
the electrical heating elements, the shapes also being heated by hot air in the hot
190 zone 30.
At each end of the kiln 1 2, in the heating /cooling zones 28 longitudinally
outwardly of the positions 32, hot shapes 38 leaving the hot zone 30 on the
trolleys 26 of one of the trains 24 and on their way out of the kiln 1 2 will be
195 alongside cool shapes 38 on the trolleys 26 of the other train 24, entering the kiln
1 2. In these heating/cooling zones 28 the fans 34 blow air across and over, and
between, the shapes 38, in the direction of the flow lines of the circuits 36, as
shown by the arrows. This air is first heated by the hot shapes 38 (and trolleys 26)
of the train 24 leaving the kiln 1 2, before passing on to the cool shapes 38 entering
2oo the kiln 1 2 on the other train 24, and heating them by conduction/convection. This
has the effect of pre-heating the shapes 38 entering the hot zone 30, and of
cooling the shapes 38 leaving the kiln 1 2.
It is an advantage of the invention that heat from shapes 38 which have
2o5 been sintered is used to pre-heat other shapes 38 prior to sintering. Heating
economy is thus promoted in a simple and robust installation 10. Heat from the
heating elements is thus effectively used.
Claims
1 . A method of heating a solid material which comprises moving two streams
of the solid material in opposite directions alongside each other through a hot zone
and through a pair of temperature adjustment zones having the hot zone located
therebetween, the solid material being maintained at an elevated temperature in
5 the hot zone, heat being transferred from the solid material of one said stream to
the solid material of the other stream in one of the temperature adjustment zones
and heat being transferred from the solid material of the other stream to the solid
material of the one stream in the other of the temperature adjustment zones, so
that, in each temperature adjustment zone, the solid material of one of the streams
o is being heated, while the solid material of the other stream is being cooled.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , in which moving the streams of solid
material is by conveying them respectively on a pair of conveyances in the form of
conveyor belts arranged to convey them in opposite directions and extending
5 alongside each other.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , in which moving the streams of solid
material is by conveying them in opposite directions on a pair of conveyances in the
form of trains of load carriers, the trains extending alongside each other.
0
4. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 3 inclusive, in which moving the streams is along a tunnel having a hollow interior and forming part of a furnace, 5 the streams being enclosed in the interior of the tunnel.
5. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the
heating is to a temperature sufficiently high to cause the solid material to undergo
a chemical reaction in the hot zone, the chemical reaction being an endothermic o reaction.
6. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which
transferring heat from the one stream to the other, and vice versa, in the
temperature adjustment zones is primarily by forced convection, minor amounts of
5 said heat transfer also taking place by radiation.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, in which the forced convection is effected
by forced circulation of a hot gas, in a direction transverse to the direction of
movement of the streams, over the solid material of the streams.
0
8. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the solid
material streams derive from a common source, the method including dividing the
material of the common source into the two streams before it is heated, and
combining the two streams together after the material has been cooled.
5
9. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the solid
material is particulate, being in more or less finely divided form, the method
including, as a preliminary step, consolidating the solid material into compacted
shapes of larger size than the size of the particles, the consolidated shapes being
moved along the streams and the heating being of the consolidated shapes.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9, in which the consolidated shapes are
smelted after the cooling thereof, the smelting taking place without effecting any
size reduction step on the shapes.
1 1 . A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which each
stream enters one of the temperature adjustment zones with the solid material at
ambient temperature, the solid material then being progressively heated to increase
its temperature as it moves along that temperature adjustment zone, the solid
material undergoing an endothermic reaction in the hot zone, the progressive
increase of the temperature of the solid material reaching a maximum in the hot
zone and the solid material, when said stream leaves the hot zone and moves
through the other temperature adjustment zone, being progressively cooled, said
stream leaving said other temperature adjustment zone at a lower temperature than
the temperature of the hot zone, and above the ambient temperature, heat being
supplied to the solid material of said stream in the hot zone.
1 2. An apparatus or installation for heating a solid material, the apparatus or
installation comprising a pair of conveyances for conveying the solid material, the
conveyances being located alongside each other and being arranged respectively
to move two streams of solid material in opposite directions alongside one another
and through two spaced temperature adjustment zones, the temperature
adjustment zones being spaced, in the direction of conveyance movement, apart
from each other, the apparatus or installation including forced gas circulation means
for forced circulation of a hot gas across the streams of solid material in each
temperature adjustment zone, in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the streams.
1 3. An apparatus or installation as claimed in claim 1 2, which includes a hollow
tunnel, forming part of a furnace, along the interior of which tunnel the
conveyances extend, the temperature adjustment zones being separated by a hot
zone located therebetween.
14. An apparatus or installation as claimed in claim 1 2 or claim 1 3, in which each
conveyance is a conveyor belt.
1 5. An apparatus or installation as claimed in claim 1 2 or claim 1 3, in which each
conveyance is a train of load carriers. 1 4 1 6. An apparatus or installation as claimed in claim 1 4 or claim 1 5, in which an
airlock is provided at each end of the tunnel, for isolating the atmosphere in the
tunnel from the ambient atmosphere outside the tunnel, the apparatus or installation including heating means for supplying heat to a solid material in the hot
zone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU50555/01A AU5055501A (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2001-03-16 | Heating solid material in two opposite streams |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA2000/1429 | 2000-03-22 | ||
| ZA200001429 | 2000-03-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001071265A1 true WO2001071265A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
Family
ID=25588676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2001/000395 WO2001071265A1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2001-03-16 | Heating solid material in two opposite streams |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5055501A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001071265A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2568244A1 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-13 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Method and device for firing ceramic blanks and oven |
| EP2778588A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Oven for sintering ceramic articles |
| CN104197703A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-10 | 长兴威力窑业有限公司 | Ceramic electric kiln with double groups of push plates |
| EP2944903A1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-18 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Kiln for the firing of ceramic blanks |
| CN105423748A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Double-layer roller kiln with warm areas distributed in stagger |
| CN108955243A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-12-07 | 唐山奥特斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle bottom formula continuous tunnel furnace heating system and its heating process |
| IT202100009605A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-16 | System Ceramics S P A | OVEN FOR FIRING CERAMIC SLABS |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR697610A (en) * | 1930-06-18 | 1931-01-20 | Muffle furnace | |
| FR927709A (en) * | 1941-10-21 | 1947-11-07 | Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd | Plant for the agglomeration of ores and similar materials |
| FR1002114A (en) * | 1946-07-29 | 1952-03-03 | Oven | |
| FR1162874A (en) * | 1956-12-19 | 1958-09-18 | Furnace for firing ceramic products | |
| FR2390691A2 (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1978-12-08 | Riedel Rudolf | Tunnel kiln for ceramic prods. - where gases used in the cooling zone are fed through the heating zone to raise thermal efficiency |
| FR2472151A1 (en) * | 1979-12-18 | 1981-06-26 | Bretagne Atel Chantiers | Continuous, high temp. induction furnace - where two rows of workpieces travel in countercurrent to save heating energy, esp. when mfg. large dia. graphite electrodes for steelworks |
-
2001
- 2001-03-16 WO PCT/IB2001/000395 patent/WO2001071265A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-03-16 AU AU50555/01A patent/AU5055501A/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR697610A (en) * | 1930-06-18 | 1931-01-20 | Muffle furnace | |
| FR927709A (en) * | 1941-10-21 | 1947-11-07 | Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd | Plant for the agglomeration of ores and similar materials |
| FR1002114A (en) * | 1946-07-29 | 1952-03-03 | Oven | |
| FR1162874A (en) * | 1956-12-19 | 1958-09-18 | Furnace for firing ceramic products | |
| FR2390691A2 (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1978-12-08 | Riedel Rudolf | Tunnel kiln for ceramic prods. - where gases used in the cooling zone are fed through the heating zone to raise thermal efficiency |
| FR2472151A1 (en) * | 1979-12-18 | 1981-06-26 | Bretagne Atel Chantiers | Continuous, high temp. induction furnace - where two rows of workpieces travel in countercurrent to save heating energy, esp. when mfg. large dia. graphite electrodes for steelworks |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2012216785B2 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2015-02-19 | Keller Hcw Gmbh | Method for firing raw ceramic blanks and furnace |
| US20130071800A1 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-21 | Keller Hcw Gmbh | Method for firing raw ceramic blanks and furnace |
| RU2608097C2 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2017-01-13 | Келлер Хкв Гмбх | Molded ceramic articles annealing method and furnace |
| EP2568244A1 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-13 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Method and device for firing ceramic blanks and oven |
| DE102013004265A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | Keller Hcw Gmbh | oven |
| EP2778588A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Oven for sintering ceramic articles |
| EP2944903A1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-18 | Keller H.C.W. GmbH | Kiln for the firing of ceramic blanks |
| CN104197703A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-10 | 长兴威力窑业有限公司 | Ceramic electric kiln with double groups of push plates |
| CN104197703B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-05-04 | 长兴威力窑业有限公司 | A kind of two group push pedal ceramic electrical kiln |
| CN105423748A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Double-layer roller kiln with warm areas distributed in stagger |
| CN108955243A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-12-07 | 唐山奥特斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle bottom formula continuous tunnel furnace heating system and its heating process |
| CN108955243B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2023-10-24 | 唐山奥特斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle bottom type tunnel furnace heating system and heating process thereof |
| IT202100009605A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-16 | System Ceramics S P A | OVEN FOR FIRING CERAMIC SLABS |
| WO2022219465A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | System Ceramics S.P.A. | A kiln for firing ceramic slabs |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5055501A (en) | 2001-10-03 |
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