WO2001064820A1 - Composition lubrifiante renfermant un melange d'un polyalkylene glycol et d'un alkyle aromatique et procede de lubrification - Google Patents

Composition lubrifiante renfermant un melange d'un polyalkylene glycol et d'un alkyle aromatique et procede de lubrification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001064820A1
WO2001064820A1 PCT/US2000/005339 US0005339W WO0164820A1 WO 2001064820 A1 WO2001064820 A1 WO 2001064820A1 US 0005339 W US0005339 W US 0005339W WO 0164820 A1 WO0164820 A1 WO 0164820A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lubricating
basestock
alkyl
polyalkylene glycol
blend
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PCT/US2000/005339
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English (en)
Inventor
John C. Tolfa
Kenneth C. Lilje
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The Lubrizol Corporation
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Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/253,605 external-priority patent/US6127324A/en
Application filed by The Lubrizol Corporation filed Critical The Lubrizol Corporation
Priority to AU2000233891A priority Critical patent/AU2000233891A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2000/005339 priority patent/WO2001064820A1/fr
Publication of WO2001064820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001064820A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/106—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1065—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • C10M2209/1085—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/24—Emulsion properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lub ⁇ cating basestock and a lub ⁇ cating composition containing a blend of a polyalkylene glycol and an alkyl aromatic
  • the alkyl aromatic is an alkyl naphthalene
  • the basestock can be used alone or m combination with oils of lub ⁇ cating viscosity, with or without additives, to form the lub ⁇ cating composition
  • the compositions are particularly useful for environments having high temperature and high pressure conditions, such as when operating a positive displacement compressor, such as a reciprocating rotary vane, scroll, or rotary screw air compressor
  • Lub ⁇ cating oils have been used in the past to lub ⁇ cate the bea ⁇ ngs of positive displacement compressors, to seal the rotors, and to cool the compressed gases
  • Oxidation stability and varnish and deposit control are some of the important properties desirable in a lub ⁇ cant for maximizing the life of the lub ⁇ cant, and hence, the life of the equipment, especially under the high temperature and pressure conditions created when operating a positive displacement compressor, such as a reciprocating rotary vane, scroll, or rotary screw air compressor
  • Japanese Patent No 2-286792 published on November 26, 1990, is directed to preventing oxidation dete ⁇ oration Specifically, it relates to a lub ⁇ cating oil composition comprising, as an essential component, 1 -naphthol, blended in a base oil containing 5% by weight or more of an alkyl naphthalene.
  • Japanese Patent No. 2-286792 published on November 26, 1990, is directed to preventing oxidation dete ⁇ oration Specifically, it relates to a lub ⁇ cating oil composition comprising, as an essential component, 1 -naphthol, blended in a base oil containing 5% by weight or more of an alkyl naphthalene.
  • 2-286792 forms a 1-naphthol/alkyl aromatic blend, and adds this blend to any material suitable for use as a lubricating oil.
  • the present invention relates to a lubricating basestock comprising a blend of
  • additives such as antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and metal passivitors, can be added to the lubricating basestock.
  • the lubricating composition is free of naphthol.
  • the blend can also be used in combination with a variety of oils of lubricating viscosity, with or without additives therein.
  • the lubricating composition exhibits improved oxidation and thermal stability, demulsibihty, and hydrolytic stability.
  • the lubricating composition is particularly useful as a positive displacement compressor lubricant, such as a reciprocating rotary vane lubricant, a scroll lubricant, or a rotary screw air compressor lubricant.
  • the lubricating basestocks of this invention are useful as thermally and oxidatively stable lubricants. They can be used alone as a lubricant, or they can be combined with at least one oil of lubricating viscosity, including natural and synthetic lubricating oils, and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricating basestocks of the present invention can also be combined with additives or both oils and additives.
  • the lubricating basestock comprises a blend of (A) at least one of a polyalkylene glycol and (B) at least one of an alkyl aromatic.
  • the polyalkylene glycol has a number average molecular weight of about 200 to about 8000, preferably about 500 to 5000.
  • the polyaklyene glycol has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of about 15 to about 500 cSt, preferably of about 22 to about 500 cSt, more preferably of about 22 to about 370 cSt, and most preferably of about 22 to about 220 cSt.
  • component (A) is a polyalkylene glycol represented by the following formula:
  • the alkyl has from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl is CH 3 or CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the integer n has a value from 8 to 25, preferably from 10 to 20.
  • the number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is from about 200 to about 8,000, preferably from about 500 to about 5000.
  • R 3 is H, an alkyl having from about 1 about 30 carbons, preferably from about 1 to about 24 carbons, more preferably from about 1 to about 12 carbons, and most preferably from about 1 to about 6 carbons, or an acyl having from about 1 to about 30 carbons, preferably from about 1 to about 24 carbons, more preferably from about 1 to about 12, and most preferably from about 1 to about 6 carbons, and m is from 1 to 8.
  • Rj is H or CH 3 when R 2 is CH 3
  • R 2 is H or CH 3
  • suitable examples of component (A) are polyalkylene glycols prepared with initiators containing from 1-8 active hydrogens prepared from alkylene oxides having from 2 to about 12 carbons, including ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide. The oxides may be polymerized alone (homopolymers) or as mixtures (co- or tri- polymers).
  • Another suitable polyalkylene glycol is prepared from a non-amine initiator having 1-4 active hydrogens, and having a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of about 22 to about 220 cSt.
  • Commercially available examples of polyalkylene glycols used for component (A) are WI 165 ® and WI 285 ® , available at BASF.
  • non-amine initiator is explained as follows. Polyalkylene glycols are polymeric products where the monomers are epoxides of low carbon number olefins (ethylene, propylene, and butylene oxides are the typical ones used). An initiator must be used to start the polymerization reaction which is used to prepare the basestock products.
  • the initiators are typically described as chemicals having active hydrogens. This means chemicals which have hydrogens which can be relatively easily removed with base. Active hydrogens are ones which are bonded to heteroatoms (e.g. oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorous).
  • non-amine initiators oxygen initiators
  • nitrogen initiators referred to as amine initiators
  • amine initiators alkyl amines, aryl amines, diamines, and polyamines
  • Sulfur and phosphorous initiators are not typically used to make polyalkylene glycols.
  • U.S. 4,302,343 sets forth oxidation stability data showing that amine initiated polyalkylene glycols are not oxidatively stable even when typical antioxidant packages are present. The present invention therefore utilizes non-amine initiators.
  • the basestock also includes component (B), at least one alkyl aromatic.
  • the alkyl aromatics used in this invention have a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of about 5 cSt to about 800 cSt, preferably from about 15 to about 500 cSt, and most preferably from about 15 cSt to about 220 cSt, and are selected from alkyl benzenes, alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl anthracenes, and alkyl phenanthrenes, or mixtures thereof.
  • alkyl aromatics Commercially available examples of such alkyl aromatics are RF 150 ® and RF 300 ® , available at Soltex, and Zerol 150 ® , Zerol 300 ® , and Zerol 500 ® , available at Scheve Chemical.
  • the preferred alkyl aromatics are alkyl naphthalenes.
  • Commercially available examples of such alkyl naphthalenes are MCP 917 ® and MCP-968 ® , available at Mobil Chemical.
  • the alkyl aromatic is one formed from alkylating agents having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, and most preferably from 1 to about 24 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl aromatic used in the basestock is mono or di alkylated with an alkylating agent, forming an alkyl aromatic having one or more alkyl groups having from about 6 to about 30 carbons, and having a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of about 15 cSt to about 500 cSt.
  • a preferred alkyl naphthalene is one that has been mono or di alkylated with an alkylating agent, and having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of from about 15 cSt to about 220 cSt.
  • the alkyl aromatic such as an alkyl naphthalene
  • suitable means known in the art typically by Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions.
  • Non limiting examples of zeolites employed as Friedel-Crafts catalysts are shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,714,794.
  • the use of zeolite MCM-22 is set forth in U.S. Patent No. 4,954,325, which produces particularly linear alkyl substituents having good lubricant properties and good oxidative and thermal stability. Both of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • Blends of the foregoing polyalkylene glycols and alkyl aromatics in the lubricating basestock range from about 95% to about 5% polyalkylene glycol and from about 5% to about 95% alkyl aromatic, based upon the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol/alkyl aromatic blend.
  • Preferable ranges are from about 95% to about 45% polyalkylene glycol and from about 5% to about 55% alkyl aromatic, based upon the total weight of the blend.
  • Most preferable ranges are from about 95% to about 60% polyalkylene glycol and from about 5% to about 40% alkyl aromatic, based upon the total weight of the blend.
  • the lubricating basestock blend of this invention can be used alone, or can be combined with one or more oils of lubricating viscosity, including natural and synthetic lubricating oils, and mixtures thereof, with or without additives.
  • the basestock blend can be combined with both oils of lubricating viscosity and additives.
  • the amount of lubricating basestock blend used according to the present invention is from about 10% to about 99%, preferably from about 20% to about 90% of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • Suitable mineral oils that can be used in conjunction with the basestock of the present invention include those having a viscosity range from about 20 to about 60 cSt at 40°C, preferably from about 30 cSt to about 40 cSt at 40°C. Such oils are refined from crude oil of any source. Standard refinery operations may be used in processing the mineral oil.
  • the general types of petroleum oils useful in the compositions of this invention are solvent neutrals, bright stocks, cylinder stocks, residual oils, hydrocracked basestocks, and paraffin oils including pale oils. Such oils and blends of them are produced by a number of conventional techniques which are widely known by those skilled in the art.
  • Suitable synthetic lubricating oils include hydrocarbon oils and halo- substituted hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins [e.g., hydrogenated polybutylenes, hydrogenated polypropylenes, hydrogenated propylene- isobutylene copolymers, chlorinated hydrogenated polybutylenes, hydrogenated poly(l-hexenes), hydrogenated poly(l-octenes), hydrogenated poly(l-decenes)]; alkylbenzenes [e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, di(2- ethylhexyl) benzenes]; polyphenyls (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyls, alkylated polyphenyls); and alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and the derivatives, analogs and
  • Polyalkylene glycols other than those used for component (A) of the present invention that are useful as oils of lubricating viscosity include alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and derivatives thereof where the terminal hydroxyl groups have been modified by esterification, etherification. These constitute another class of known synthetic lubricating oils.
  • polyoxyalkylene polymers prepared by polymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers (e.g., methyl -polyisopropylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of 1000, diphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 500-1000, diethyl ether of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000-1500); and mono- and polycarboxylic esters thereof, for example, the acetic acid esters, mixed C 3 - C 8 fatty acid esters and C ]3 Oxo acid diester of tetraethylene glycol.
  • alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers e.g., methyl -polyisopropylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of 1000, diphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 500-1000, diethy
  • Another suitable class of synthetic lubricating oils comprises the esters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids and hydrogenated alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, malonic acid, alkylmalonic acids) with a variety of alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2- ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol).
  • dicarboxylic acids e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids and hydrogenated alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dim
  • esters include dibutyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, and the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid.
  • Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C 5 to C ⁇ 2 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol.
  • Silicon-based oils such as the polyalkyl-, polyaryl-, polyalkoxy-, or polyaryloxysiloxane oils and silicate oils comprise another useful class of synthetic lubricants; they include tetraethyl silicate, tetraisopropyl silicate, tetra-(2-ethylhexyl) silicate, tetra-(4-methyl-2-ethylhexyl) silicate, tetra-(p-tert-butylphenyl) silicate, hexa-(4-methyl-2-pentoxy)disiloxane, poly(methyl)siloxanes and poly(methyl- phenyl) siloxanes.
  • Other synthetic lubricating oils include liquid esters of phosphorus-containing acids (e.g., tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, diethyl ester of decylphosphonic acid) and polymeric tetrahydrofurans.
  • Typical vegetable oils that may be used as base oils or as components of the base oils include castor oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, hemp oil, linseed oil, tung oil, oiticica oil, jojoba oil, meadowfoam oil, and the like. Such oils may be partially or fully hydrogenated, if desired.
  • the base oils used in the compositions of this invention may be composed of (i) one or more mineral oils, (ii) one or more synthetic oils, (iii) one or more vegetable oils, or (iv) a blend of (i) and (ii), or (i) and (iii), or (ii) and (iii), or (i), (ii) and (iii) does not mean that these various types of oils are necessarily equivalents of each other.
  • Certain types of base oils may be used in certain compositions for the specific properties they possess such as biodegradability, high temperature stability, non-flammability or lack of corrosivity towards specific metals (e.g. silver or cadmium).
  • the lub ⁇ cating basestock or lub ⁇ cating composition according to the present invention may also contain effective amounts of additives such as antioxidants, rust and corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, lub ⁇ city additives, antiwear additives, or such additives as may be required
  • additives such as t ⁇ cresyl phosphate (TCP) available at Syn-O-Add, 8484 ® available at Akzo-Nobel, or t ⁇ phenyl phosphorothionate (TPPT) available at Ciba Geigy
  • TCP t ⁇ cresyl phosphate
  • 8484 ® available at Akzo-Nobel
  • TPPT t ⁇ phenyl phosphorothionate
  • the finished lub ⁇ cant composition will contain the additive components in minor amounts sufficient to improve the performance charactenstics and properties of the oil of lubncating viscosity or basestock blend, or to both the base oil and basestock blend
  • the amounts of the respective components may vary m accordance with such
  • additives used for their known purpose can comp ⁇ se from about 10% to about 0 01% by weight of the total weight of the lubricant composition, and preferably from about 5% to about 001% by weight based on the total weight of the lubncating composition
  • useful antioxidants include phenyl naphthyl amines (alpha and/or beta), diphenyl amines, including alkylated diphenyl amines.
  • commercially available examples of such antioxidants are Irganox L-57® available at Ciba Geigy, and Valube 81® available at Vanderbilt Chemical.
  • Suitable antioxidants are also exemplified by phenolic antioxidants, aromatic amine antioxidants, sulfurized phenolic antioxidants, and organic phosphites, among others.
  • phenolic antioxidants include 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, liquid mixtures of tertiary butylated phenols, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert- butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butyl-phenol), mixed methylene- bridged polyalkyl phenols, and 4,4'-thiobis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol).
  • N,N'-Di- see-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4-isopropylaminodiphenyl amine, phenyl-alpha- naphthyl mine, phenyl-beta-naphthyl amine, and ring-alkylated diphenylamines serve as examples of aromatic amine antioxidants.
  • Commercially available antioxidants useful for the present invention also include Ethanox ® 702 available at the Ethyl Corporation, Irganox ® L-135 and Irganox ® L-118, Irganox L-06 ® available at Ciba Geigy, and RC-7130 ® available at Rhein Chemie.
  • Suitable rust and corrosion inhibitors are neutral metal sulfonates such as calcium sulfonate, magnesium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and calcium petroleum sulfonate.
  • Other types of rust or corrosion inhibitors which may be used comprise monocarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids.
  • suitable monocarboxylic acids are oleic acids, octanoic acid, decanoic acid and dodecanoic acid.
  • Suitable polycarboxylic acids include dimer and trimer acids such as are produced from such acids as tall oil fatty acids, oleic acid, and linoleic acid.
  • carboxylic acid based, metal free materials such as hydroxy alkyl carboxylic esters.
  • Another useful type of rust inhibitor for use in the practice of this invention is comprised of the alkenyl succinic acid and alkenyl succinic anhydride corrosion inhibitors such as, for example, tetrapropenylsuccinic acid, tetrapropenylsuccinic anhydride, tetradecenylsuccinic acid, tetradecenylsuccinic anhydride, hexadecenylsuccinic acid, hexadecenylsuccinic anhydride, and the like.
  • rust or conosion inhibitors include ether amines, acid phosphates; amines; polyethoxylated compounds such as ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated phenols, and ethoxylated alcohols; lmidazohnes; and aminosuccmic acids or de ⁇ vatives thereof Mixtures of such rust or co ⁇ osion inhibitors can be used U.S. Patent No 5,773,393 is incorporated in its entirety herein for its disclosure regarding rust and corrosion inhibitor additives.
  • a commercially available example of a conosion inhibitor is L-859 ® available at the Lubnzol Corporation.
  • suitable metal deactivators are complex organic nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur-containing compounds
  • compounds such as substituted benzotnazole, alkyl or acyl substituted 5,5'-methylene-b ⁇ s-benzotnazole, alkyl or acyl substituted 2,5-d ⁇ mercaptoth ⁇ azole, salts of salicylammoguamdine, and quinizann are useful.
  • Propylgallate is an example of a metal deactivator for magnesium
  • sebacic acid is an example of a deactivator for lead.
  • a commercially available example of a t ⁇ azole metal deactivator is Irgamet 39 ® available at Ciba Geigy.
  • An effective amount of the foregoing additives is generally in the range from about 0.005% to about 5% by weight of the total weight of the lubncant composition for the antioxidants, from about 0 005% to about 0.5% percent by weight based on the total weight of the lubncant composition for the co ⁇ osion inhibitors, and from about 0.001% to about 0.5% percent by weight of the total weight of the lub ⁇ cant composition for the metal deactivators. It is to be understood that more or less of the additives may be used depending upon the circumstances for which the lubncant compositions are to be used
  • compositions of this invention when used in a positive displacement compressor, such as a reciprocating rotary vane, a scroll, or a rotary screw air compressor, are selected so as to have a viscosity in the range of about 10 to about 150 centistokes at 40°C, preferably from about 22 to about 100 centistokes at 40°C, and most preferably of about 32 to about 68 centistokes at 40°C, and a pour point in the range of about -10°C to about -100°C , and preferably from about -20 to about -70°C
  • the present invention also is directed to a process of lubncating a piece of equipment, for example, a positive displacement compressor such as a reciprocating rotary vane, a scroll, or a rotary screw air compressor, whereby the life of the lubncant and the equipment is maximized since the lubncant has excellent oxidative and thermal stability, and since it exhibits excellent demulsibihty and hydrolytic stability, resulting in the reduction of formation of sludge, varnish, and other deposits that can reduce the life of a piece of equipment
  • a compressor operated according to the present invention operates longer than when using hydrocarbon- based lub ⁇ cants
  • the composition of the present invention will not form solids resulting from polymenzation of oxidation by-products often associated with hydrocarbon based lubncant failure
  • a compressor operated according to the present invention runs at a discharge operating temperature range of from about 150°F to about 250°F (about 65°C to about 120°C) The compressor can run as much at 24 hrs/day, seven
  • blends of the foregoing polyalkylene glycols and alkyl aromatics, with or without an oil of lub ⁇ cating viscosity and additives are useful in a va ⁇ ety of mechanical applications where thermal and oxidative stability, as well as demulsibihty, and hydrolytic stability are desired, particularly under high temperature and pressure conditions
  • Such applications include power steenng fluids, steam or gas turbine oils, compressor oils, hydraulic oils, and gear oils
  • blends of the foregoing polyalkylene glycols and alkyl aromatics are also useful in a va ⁇ ety of functional fluids including transformer oils, cutting fluids, brake fluids, heat transfer fluids, and secondary bnnes
  • PAG 165 is polyalkylene glycol ISO viscosity grade 32 (a polypropylene glycol)
  • PAG 285 is polyalkylene glycol ISO viscosity grade 46 (a polypropylene glycol)
  • AN is alkyl naphthalene according to the present invention
  • DPA is diphenyl amine
  • PANA is phenyl ⁇ naphthyl amine
  • PHEN is a hindered phenolic antioxidant
  • L-859 is a carboxylic acid based corrosion inhibitor
  • MCP is MCP 917, an alkyl naphthalene alkylated with C 14
  • the 70 and 30 are the ratios of the polyalkylene glycol and alkyl naphthalene in the lubricating blend. Therefore, "70” and “30” represent the amount of each blend component based on the total weight of the blend. Additives are added to this blend to make the lubricating composition. The amount of additive levels in Table 1 therefore represent the amount of each additive that is added, based upon the total weight of the lubricating composition comprising the blend and the additives.
  • Examples 1-5 of Table 1 illustrate two types of polyalkylene glycols, that is, PAG 165 and PAG 285, each used with a number of different antioxidant formulations. All of these formulations achieve superior performance compared to the commercially available Sullube formula, illustrated in Table 2 below. Table 2 shows that the basestock blend (the polyalkylene glycol and alkyl naphthalene) of the present invention gives excellent performance, regardless of the antioxidant package.
  • Sullube 32 is a Dow Product.
  • the basestock is a polypropylene glycol blended with a polyol ester formulated with a diphenyl amine, a barium sulfonate based conosion inhibitor, and a triazole. Examples 1-5 of Table 1 and Comparative Example (Sullube 32) are compared below in Table 2.
  • Table 2 lists the results of the Cincinnati Millacron Test.
  • the Cincinnati Millacron test is a measure of the thermal and oxidative stability of a lubricating composition. A sample of the lubricating composition touching copper and steel rods was heated at 275° F in a convection oven. Samples were taken weekly and the total acid number (TAN) is measured. An increase in TAN indicates oxidation is occurring. The Cincinnati Millacron Test shows oxidation stability by acid number increase. A TAN of >1 is an unacceptable result.
  • the values in Table 2 are the total acid number (mg KOH g) after storage for the stated time at 275°F in air.
  • Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 according to the present invention achieve a TAN value of less than 1.0 through week 8. Comparative
  • Example (Sollube 32) has a TAN value of greater than 1.0 by week 8. Therefore, it is evident that the present invention achieves superior thermal and oxidation stability.
  • Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention are further compared with the Comparative Example (Sullube 32) with respect to demulsibihty in Table 3 below.
  • Demulsibihty is determined by ASTM D-1401. This test shows how completely the tested lubricating composition separates from water. This test is particularly important for air compressor fluids because water is typically present in compressed air and must be removed from the system. The test mixes 40 ml water and 40 ml oil. The values in Table 3 represent the ml of clear phase after the test. The time represents the time in minutes for the separation to occur. An ideal result is complete separation of the phases in the shortest period of time. Complete separation of the phases is desired for demulsibihty.
  • the present invention achieves desirable demulsibihty as compared with the comparative example. That is, Table 3 indicates that phase separation is incomplete even after 30 minutes for Sullube 32, whereas complete separation occurs for Example 1 of the present invention, without additives, at 6 minutes, and for Example 2 of the present invention, without additives, at 7 minutes, and for Example 1 of the present invention, with additives, at 1 minute, and for Example 2 of the present invention, with additives, at 1 minute.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une huile de base lubrifiante renfermant un mélange de (A) au moins un polyalkylène glycol et de (B) au moins un alkyle aromatique. Des additifs, tels que des antioxydants, des inhibiteurs de corrosion, et des désactivateurs de métaux, peuvent être ajoutés à l'huile de base lubrifiante. Dans un mode de réalisation, cette composition lubrifiante est exempte de naphtol. Ce mélange peut également être combiné avec une variété d'huiles présentant un certain indice de viscosité, avec ou sans adjonction d'additifs. Selon la présente invention, cette composition lubrifiante présente une stabilité à l'oxydation, une stabilité thermique, une démulsibilité, et une stabilité hydrolytique excellentes. Cette composition lubrifiante est particulièrement utile comme lubrifiant de compresseur volumétrique.
PCT/US2000/005339 1999-02-19 2000-03-01 Composition lubrifiante renfermant un melange d'un polyalkylene glycol et d'un alkyle aromatique et procede de lubrification WO2001064820A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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AU2000233891A AU2000233891A1 (en) 1999-02-19 2000-03-01 Lubricating composition containing a blend of a polyalkylene glycol and an alkylaromatic and process of lubricating
PCT/US2000/005339 WO2001064820A1 (fr) 1999-02-19 2000-03-01 Composition lubrifiante renfermant un melange d'un polyalkylene glycol et d'un alkyle aromatique et procede de lubrification

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US09/253,605 US6127324A (en) 1999-02-19 1999-02-19 Lubricating composition containing a blend of a polyalkylene glycol and an alkyl aromatic and process of lubricating
PCT/US2000/005339 WO2001064820A1 (fr) 1999-02-19 2000-03-01 Composition lubrifiante renfermant un melange d'un polyalkylene glycol et d'un alkyle aromatique et procede de lubrification

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007045629A1 (fr) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition d’huile lubrifiante
WO2018175285A1 (fr) * 2017-03-20 2018-09-27 Dow Global Technologies Llc Compositions lubrifiantes synthétiques présentant une stabilité améliorée à l'oxydation
CN115074179A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-20 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种油气润滑油组合物及其制备方法

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5368765A (en) * 1987-10-28 1994-11-29 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil and compositions for the hydrogen-containing Flon refrigerants
EP0796908A1 (fr) * 1996-02-20 1997-09-24 Unilever N.V. Huile lubrifiante résistant à l'oxydation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5368765A (en) * 1987-10-28 1994-11-29 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil and compositions for the hydrogen-containing Flon refrigerants
EP0796908A1 (fr) * 1996-02-20 1997-09-24 Unilever N.V. Huile lubrifiante résistant à l'oxydation

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007045629A1 (fr) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Composition d’huile lubrifiante
WO2018175285A1 (fr) * 2017-03-20 2018-09-27 Dow Global Technologies Llc Compositions lubrifiantes synthétiques présentant une stabilité améliorée à l'oxydation
CN110546244A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2019-12-06 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 氧化稳定性改善的合成润滑剂组合物
US20200024541A1 (en) * 2017-03-20 2020-01-23 Dow Global Technologies Llc Synthetic lubricant compositions having improved oxidation stability
US11479734B2 (en) 2017-03-20 2022-10-25 Dow Global Technologies Llc Synthetic lubricant compositions having improved oxidation stability
CN115074179A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-20 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种油气润滑油组合物及其制备方法
CN115074179B (zh) * 2022-07-22 2023-08-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种油气润滑油组合物及其制备方法

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