WO2001055046A2 - Reinforcement for composite materials - Google Patents

Reinforcement for composite materials Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001055046A2
WO2001055046A2 PCT/US2001/000240 US0100240W WO0155046A2 WO 2001055046 A2 WO2001055046 A2 WO 2001055046A2 US 0100240 W US0100240 W US 0100240W WO 0155046 A2 WO0155046 A2 WO 0155046A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end section
reinforcement element
reinforcement
shape
composite materials
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/000240
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001055046A3 (en
Inventor
John F. Carr, Jr.
Original Assignee
Carr John F Jr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carr John F Jr filed Critical Carr John F Jr
Priority to AU2001227594A priority Critical patent/AU2001227594A1/en
Publication of WO2001055046A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001055046A2/en
Publication of WO2001055046A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001055046A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E04C5/073—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/16—Reinforcements
    • E01C11/165—Reinforcements particularly for bituminous or rubber- or plastic-bound pavings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/16—Reinforcements
    • E01C11/18—Reinforcements for cement concrete pavings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a reinforcement element for composite materials such as concrete, ceramics, glasses, asphalt and other castable materials.
  • Small metal or Fiberglas fibers have been used in concrete to control crack propagation or provide limited improvements in the tensile characteristics of concrete.
  • Safety glass has a solid sheet of plastic laminated between two layers of glass. Ceramic materials are often mounted on a substrate which provides the needed tensile or shear characteristics.
  • asphalt pavement sheets of fabric like material can be laid under the layer of pavement to improve reflection crack propagation.
  • the present invention relates in one aspect thereof to a reinforcement element for composite materials.
  • Such reinforcement element may comprise a member with a longitudinal section and with end sections.
  • the end sections may be shaped as necessary or desired in a given end use application of the reinforcement element.
  • the reinforcement element of the invention may be fabricated from a material having desirable electrical or magnetic characteristics.
  • the reinforcement element may be fabricated from a material having specific chemical, biochemical, bioelectical, or biomagnetic characteristics
  • the reinforcement element may be fabricated from a material having thermal characteristics different from those of the composite material.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein both end sections of the reinforcement element are angled in substantially the same plane.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein one end section is angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein both end sections are in substantially the same plane, and such end sections are angular in shape and closed.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein one end section is angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section, and such end sections are angular in shape and closed.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein both end sections are in substantially the same plane, and such end sections are circular in shape and closed.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein one end section is angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section, and such end sections are circular in shape and closed.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein the element comprises a closed element which can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc.
  • the performance of composite materials is improved by use of the reinforcement elements disclosed herein.
  • Many materials have structural characteristics which are directionally limited. Concrete, ceramics, glasses, and asphalt are examples of materials that are strong in compression, but weak in tension or bending.
  • This invention provides, in one aspect, reinforcement elements for composite materials for simply and efficiently reinforcing such materials to improve directional strength.
  • Such elements can be added to a composite mix prior to hardening to provide a homogeneous mixture of composite material and reinforcement elements.
  • the reinforcement elements may be made of metal, carbon fiber, graphite, plastic or other materials which may be formed to provide an element having a longitudinal section with two end sections of a distinct shape.
  • the reinforcement element 5 has two end sections 10 and 15.
  • the end sections are angled in the same plane.
  • the end section 10 may be angled anywhere between 0 degrees and 180 degrees with respect to the body of the element 5.
  • End section 15 may be angled at the same or different angle as end section 10 with respect to the body of element 5.
  • Figure 2 shows a reinforcement element 20, wherein end section 23 is angled in a different plane than end section 21.
  • the end section 23 may be angled anywhere between 0 degrees and 180 degrees with respect to the body of the element 20.
  • End section 21 may be angled at the same or different angle as end section 23 with respect to the body of the element 20.
  • this invention provides for reinforcement elements for composite materials that are shaped to reduce the risk of entanglement when placed in the composite mixture. Accordingly, the end sections of the reinforcement elements are shaped such that the end sections are a closed shape.
  • a reinforcement element 30 having end section 33 and 37.
  • the end sections are angled in the same plane, such that they are not visible in the 90 degree view.
  • the end section 33 may have a triangular shape as shown in Figure 3, or may have any other angular shape, such as a rectangle, provided that such shape is closed.
  • End section 37 may be the same angular shape as end section 33, or may be any other angular shape, provided that such shape is closed.
  • Figure 4 shows a reinforcement element 40, wherein end section 43 is angled in a different plane than end section 47. Similar to the reinforcement element 30 shown in Figure 3, the end sections 43 and 47 of reinforcement element 40 are angular in shape and closed.
  • a reinforcement element 50 having end section 53 and 57.
  • the end sections are round and in the same plane, such that they are not visible in the 90 degree view.
  • the end section 53 may have a circular shape as shown in Figure 5, or may have any other round shape, such as an ellipse, provided that such shape is closed.
  • End section 57 may be the same round shape as end section 53, or may be any other round shape, provided that such shape is closed.
  • Figure 6 shows a reinforcement element 60, wherein end section 63 is angled in a different plane than end section 67. Similar to the reinforcement element 50 shown in Figure 5, the end sections 63 and 67 of reinforcement element 60 are round in shape and closed.
  • inventions include reinforcement elements having one end section which is angular in shape and another which is round in shape.
  • Figure 7 shows a continuous reinforcement element 70 formed into a circular shape.
  • the reinforcement members could be spread over the concrete slab after the concrete is poured and worked into the concrete. In this case longer longitudinal members with bent ends might provide the desired reinforcement.
  • the end section may have a cross sectional area which is the same or different from other parts of the reinforcement element.
  • Circular cross sections provide uniform structural characteristics which are desirable in many instances.
  • a rectangular cross section will provide differential reinforcing with the larger dimension providing the greater reinforcement.
  • a thin ceramic a thin rectangular member set in a parallel pattern provides greater lateral strength than in the perpendicular axis.
  • the size of the member is determined by a combination of factors: the volume of the composite, the use of the composite, the reinforcement required, etc.
  • a ceramic for a semiconductor use would require microscopic sized members.
  • the present invention also provides for altering the electrical, magnetic, chemical, biochemical or thermal characteristics of the composite material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

A reinforcement element (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70) for composite materials, comprising enlarged ends (23, 33, 43, 53, 63). End sections (10/15, 33/37, 63/67) of the reinforcement element are angled in substantially the same plane. Alternatively, the reinforcement element has one end section (43, 53) angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section (47, 57). Alternatively, the reinforcement element is a continuous closed loop (70).

Description

REINFORCEMENT FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field Of The Invention
This invention relates to a reinforcement element for composite materials such as concrete, ceramics, glasses, asphalt and other castable materials.
Description of the Related Art
Many materials have good compressive strength but poor tensile and / or shear strength. This significantly limits their usefulness.
There are well known methods for improving tensile and / or shear characteristics for some materials. For instance, the use of reinforcing steels bars (rebars) or welded wire fabric in concrete. These materials must be specifically located spatially in the concrete to provide the desired improvement in strength. This is labor intensive and subject to error.
Small metal or Fiberglas fibers have been used in concrete to control crack propagation or provide limited improvements in the tensile characteristics of concrete.
In glass materials steel or plastic wire fabric has been placed in the glass or between layers of glass to improve impact and tensile strengths. Safety glass has a solid sheet of plastic laminated between two layers of glass. Ceramic materials are often mounted on a substrate which provides the needed tensile or shear characteristics.
For bituminous asphalt pavement sheets of fabric like material can be laid under the layer of pavement to improve reflection crack propagation.
These methods do not provide reinforcement throughout the composite material, are not homogeneous, are frequently unidirectional, and are often costly and difficult to use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates in one aspect thereof to a reinforcement element for composite materials.
Such reinforcement element may comprise a member with a longitudinal section and with end sections. The end sections may be shaped as necessary or desired in a given end use application of the reinforcement element.
Alternatively, the reinforcement element of the invention may be fabricated from a material having desirable electrical or magnetic characteristics.
In another embodiment of the present inventions, the reinforcement element may be fabricated from a material having specific chemical, biochemical, bioelectical, or biomagnetic characteristics
In yet another embodiment of the present inventions, the reinforcement element may be fabricated from a material having thermal characteristics different from those of the composite material. Other aspects, features and embodiments of the invention will be more fully apparent from the ensuing disclosure and appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein both end sections of the reinforcement element are angled in substantially the same plane.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein one end section is angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein both end sections are in substantially the same plane, and such end sections are angular in shape and closed.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein one end section is angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section, and such end sections are angular in shape and closed.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein both end sections are in substantially the same plane, and such end sections are circular in shape and closed.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein one end section is angled in a plane that is 90 degrees different than the other end section, and such end sections are circular in shape and closed.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the reinforcement element of the present invention wherein the element comprises a closed element which can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION. AND PREFERRED
EMBODIMENTS THEREOF
In accordance with the present invention, the performance of composite materials is improved by use of the reinforcement elements disclosed herein. Many materials have structural characteristics which are directionally limited. Concrete, ceramics, glasses, and asphalt are examples of materials that are strong in compression, but weak in tension or bending.
This invention provides, in one aspect, reinforcement elements for composite materials for simply and efficiently reinforcing such materials to improve directional strength. Such elements can be added to a composite mix prior to hardening to provide a homogeneous mixture of composite material and reinforcement elements.
The reinforcement elements may be made of metal, carbon fiber, graphite, plastic or other materials which may be formed to provide an element having a longitudinal section with two end sections of a distinct shape.
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown one embodiment of the present invention in which the reinforcement element 5 has two end sections 10 and 15. The end sections are angled in the same plane. The end section 10 may be angled anywhere between 0 degrees and 180 degrees with respect to the body of the element 5. End section 15 may be angled at the same or different angle as end section 10 with respect to the body of element 5.
Figure 2 shows a reinforcement element 20, wherein end section 23 is angled in a different plane than end section 21. The end section 23 may be angled anywhere between 0 degrees and 180 degrees with respect to the body of the element 20. End section 21 may be angled at the same or different angle as end section 23 with respect to the body of the element 20.
In another aspect, this invention provides for reinforcement elements for composite materials that are shaped to reduce the risk of entanglement when placed in the composite mixture. Accordingly, the end sections of the reinforcement elements are shaped such that the end sections are a closed shape.
Referring now to Figure 3, there is shown a reinforcement element 30 having end section 33 and 37. The end sections are angled in the same plane, such that they are not visible in the 90 degree view. The end section 33 may have a triangular shape as shown in Figure 3, or may have any other angular shape, such as a rectangle, provided that such shape is closed. End section 37 may be the same angular shape as end section 33, or may be any other angular shape, provided that such shape is closed.
Figure 4 shows a reinforcement element 40, wherein end section 43 is angled in a different plane than end section 47. Similar to the reinforcement element 30 shown in Figure 3, the end sections 43 and 47 of reinforcement element 40 are angular in shape and closed.
Referring now to Figure 5, there will be seen a reinforcement element 50 having end section 53 and 57. The end sections are round and in the same plane, such that they are not visible in the 90 degree view. The end section 53 may have a circular shape as shown in Figure 5, or may have any other round shape, such as an ellipse, provided that such shape is closed. End section 57 may be the same round shape as end section 53, or may be any other round shape, provided that such shape is closed.
Figure 6 shows a reinforcement element 60, wherein end section 63 is angled in a different plane than end section 67. Similar to the reinforcement element 50 shown in Figure 5, the end sections 63 and 67 of reinforcement element 60 are round in shape and closed.
Other embodiments of the present invention include reinforcement elements having one end section which is angular in shape and another which is round in shape.
Figure 7 shows a continuous reinforcement element 70 formed into a circular shape.
The use of one geometry or another is determined by the application and material.
For instance, with poured concrete for a building foundation a shape which can be added to the concrete at the mixing plant or just prior to discharging from a concrete truck would require a shape which would not clump or lock together. This would permit the reinforcement to be uniformly and predictably distributed in the concrete. A closed loop or longitudinal member with closed ends loops would be appropriate.
For a concrete slab the same situation might apply. Or the reinforcement members could be spread over the concrete slab after the concrete is poured and worked into the concrete. In this case longer longitudinal members with bent ends might provide the desired reinforcement.
With bituminous asphalt used for a highway closed loops or a longitudinal member with closed loops of a material which would not cause tire damage as the road surface wears would be appropriate. The end section may have a cross sectional area which is the same or different from other parts of the reinforcement element.
In many instances a circular cross section as in a wire will provide the most cost effective geometry for the reinforcing member. Circular cross sections provide uniform structural characteristics which are desirable in many instances.
A rectangular cross section will provide differential reinforcing with the larger dimension providing the greater reinforcement. In a thin ceramic a thin rectangular member set in a parallel pattern provides greater lateral strength than in the perpendicular axis.
The size of the member is determined by a combination of factors: the volume of the composite, the use of the composite, the reinforcement required, etc.
For a four inch thick concrete slab a 12 gauge wire member a few inches long with closed loops 1/2" in diameter at each end would be appropriate.
A ceramic for a semiconductor use would require microscopic sized members.
For bituminous asphalt a rigid yet flexible longitudinal member several inches long with closed looped ends 1" or more in diameter might be appropriate for a highway.
For safety glass closed loop members with desired optical properties a few thousandths of an inch in diameter would be appropriate.
For nanofabrication materials members on the molecular scale would be used. For large concrete structures members might be several feet long.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides for altering the electrical, magnetic, chemical, biochemical or thermal characteristics of the composite material.
Although the invention has been variously disclosed herein with reference to illustrative embodiments and features, it will be appreciated that the embodiments and features described herein above are not intended to limit the invention, and that other variations, modifications and other embodiments will suggest themselves to those of ordinary skill in the art. The invention therefore is to be broadly construed, consistent with the claims hereafter set forth.

Claims

THE CLAIMSWhat is Claimed 1$;
1. A reinforcement element for composite materials comprising a longitudinally extending body having a first end section and a second end section thereon which are angled with respect to said body.
2. The reinforcement element of claim 1, wherein said first end section is in the same plane as said second end section.
3. The reinforcement element of claim 1, wherein said first end section is in a different plane as said second end section.
4. The reinforcement element of claim 1, wherein said first end section is angular,
5. The reinforcement element of claim 1, wherein said first end section is circular.
6. The reinforcement element of claim 1 , wherein said first end section is closed.
7. A reinforcement element for composite materials comprising a longitudinally extending body having a first end section and a second end section thereon, wherein said element provides an electrical characteristic to said composite material.
8. A reinforcement element for composite materials comprising a longitudinally extending body having a first end section and a second end section thereon, wherein said element provides a magnetic characteristic to said composite material.
9. A reinforcement element for composite materials comprising a longitudinally extending body having a first end section and a second end section thereon, wherein said element provides a chemical characteristic to said composite material.
10. A reinforcement element for composite materials comprising a continuous closed loop.
π
PCT/US2001/000240 2000-01-29 2001-01-05 Reinforcement for composite materials WO2001055046A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001227594A AU2001227594A1 (en) 2000-01-29 2001-01-05 Reinforcement for composite materials

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US46910700A 2000-01-29 2000-01-29
US09/469,107 2000-01-29

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WO2001055046A3 WO2001055046A3 (en) 2002-02-07

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1431459A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-06-23 Takenaka Corporation Paving material for absorbing electromagnetic wave and pavement structure using it
WO2012050515A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-19 Svensk Cellarmering Fabrik Ab Reinforcement element for casting comprising ring shaped portions and reinforcement with such reinforcement elements
WO2012141650A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 Svensk Cellarmering Fabrik Ab Reinforcement for casting comprising essentially plane reinforcement elements formed with ring-shaped portions
ITVI20110153A1 (en) * 2011-06-13 2012-12-14 Matassina Srl REINFORCED REINFORCEMENT ELEMENT FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENT IN CONCRETE USING THAT REFINED REFINEMENT ELEMENT
US8877346B2 (en) 2009-01-09 2014-11-04 Nv Bekaert Sa Longitudinal belt with reinforcing fibres
US10563403B1 (en) 2018-10-30 2020-02-18 King Saud University Multi-leg fiber reinforced concrete
US10927548B1 (en) 2020-02-20 2021-02-23 King Saud University Fiber elements for soil stabilization
DE102022101163A1 (en) 2022-01-19 2023-07-20 Hochschule Schmalkalden Reinforcement component for concrete reinforcement and concrete component

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US735228A (en) * 1902-09-10 1903-08-04 Reinforced Cement Construction Company Composite structure.
US1263887A (en) * 1916-02-12 1918-04-23 John J Hamilton Clip.
US3763613A (en) * 1970-01-14 1973-10-09 H Wise Composite concrete construction of two-way slabs and flat slabs
US3900667A (en) * 1969-09-12 1975-08-19 Bekaert Sa Nv Reinforcing wire element and materials reinforced therewith
US4075913A (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-02-28 Superior Concrete Accessories, Inc. Remotely operable mechanism for disconnecting a pickup unit from a tilt-up concrete wall slab
GB2122235A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-01-11 Moy Insulation Holdings Limite Wall ties

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US735228A (en) * 1902-09-10 1903-08-04 Reinforced Cement Construction Company Composite structure.
US1263887A (en) * 1916-02-12 1918-04-23 John J Hamilton Clip.
US3900667A (en) * 1969-09-12 1975-08-19 Bekaert Sa Nv Reinforcing wire element and materials reinforced therewith
US3763613A (en) * 1970-01-14 1973-10-09 H Wise Composite concrete construction of two-way slabs and flat slabs
US4075913A (en) * 1976-12-15 1978-02-28 Superior Concrete Accessories, Inc. Remotely operable mechanism for disconnecting a pickup unit from a tilt-up concrete wall slab
GB2122235A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-01-11 Moy Insulation Holdings Limite Wall ties

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1431459A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-06-23 Takenaka Corporation Paving material for absorbing electromagnetic wave and pavement structure using it
EP1431459A4 (en) * 2001-09-28 2007-10-10 Takenaka Corp Paving material for absorbing electromagnetic wave and pavement structure using it
US8877346B2 (en) 2009-01-09 2014-11-04 Nv Bekaert Sa Longitudinal belt with reinforcing fibres
WO2012050515A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-19 Svensk Cellarmering Fabrik Ab Reinforcement element for casting comprising ring shaped portions and reinforcement with such reinforcement elements
EA023516B1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2016-06-30 Свенск Селлармеринг Фабрик Аб Reinforcement element for casting comprising ring shaped portions and reinforcement with such reinforcement elements
US9758967B2 (en) 2010-10-12 2017-09-12 Svensk Cellarmering Fabrik Ab Reinforcement element for casting comprising ring shaped portions and reinforcement with such reinforcement elements
WO2012141650A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 Svensk Cellarmering Fabrik Ab Reinforcement for casting comprising essentially plane reinforcement elements formed with ring-shaped portions
ITVI20110153A1 (en) * 2011-06-13 2012-12-14 Matassina Srl REINFORCED REINFORCEMENT ELEMENT FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENT IN CONCRETE USING THAT REFINED REFINEMENT ELEMENT
US10563403B1 (en) 2018-10-30 2020-02-18 King Saud University Multi-leg fiber reinforced concrete
US10927548B1 (en) 2020-02-20 2021-02-23 King Saud University Fiber elements for soil stabilization
DE102022101163A1 (en) 2022-01-19 2023-07-20 Hochschule Schmalkalden Reinforcement component for concrete reinforcement and concrete component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001227594A1 (en) 2001-08-07
WO2001055046A3 (en) 2002-02-07

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