WO2001048254A1 - Procede d'exploitation de dechets plastiques dans le traitement thermique de materiaux de recyclage metalliferes - Google Patents

Procede d'exploitation de dechets plastiques dans le traitement thermique de materiaux de recyclage metalliferes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001048254A1
WO2001048254A1 PCT/EP2000/011851 EP0011851W WO0148254A1 WO 2001048254 A1 WO2001048254 A1 WO 2001048254A1 EP 0011851 W EP0011851 W EP 0011851W WO 0148254 A1 WO0148254 A1 WO 0148254A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zone
metal
residues
deck oven
furnace
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/011851
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Romain Frieden
Marc Solvi
Thomas Hansmann
Original Assignee
Paul Wurth S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paul Wurth S.A. filed Critical Paul Wurth S.A.
Priority to AU17050/01A priority Critical patent/AU1705001A/en
Publication of WO2001048254A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001048254A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
    • C21B5/023—Injection of the additives into the melting part
    • C21B5/026—Injection of the additives into the melting part of plastic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for recycling plastic waste in the thermal treatment of metal-containing residues such as Batteries of all kinds, oil and iron oxide-containing sludges from steel rolling mills, sludges from surface treatment, pickling and cleaning, metalization and tinning processes of metal parts, dust or sludge from blast furnaces, electrical or converter steelworks.
  • metal-containing residues such as Batteries of all kinds, oil and iron oxide-containing sludges from steel rolling mills, sludges from surface treatment, pickling and cleaning, metalization and tinning processes of metal parts, dust or sludge from blast furnaces, electrical or converter steelworks.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a resource-saving method for recycling plastic waste in the thermal treatment of metal-containing residues.
  • An important advantage of the invention is that it is possible to reduce and separate the metal oxides, sulfates, chlorides etc. present as a mixture (in particular iron and zinc), so that the separated fractions are input materials for other processes and are used at the same time Recycle plastics. This means that valuable materials can be produced from residual materials. Any iron that is present can be returned to the production process of a steel mill after the process has been completed.
  • the non-ferrous metal oxides are concentrated to such an extent that they can be used as raw materials for the extraction of non-ferrous metals. What remains are ashes, which essentially consist of inert substances such as SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, MgO.
  • the metal-containing residues are heated up to about 200 ° C by contact with the hot floors, the gases rising in the deck oven and possibly by burners, so that the water evaporates completely and is then transferred to the second zone.
  • the metal-containing residues are heated to over 800 ° C and calcined.
  • the calcination is completed and the residues are entered into the third zone and plastics are continuously introduced to the top floor of the third zone and mixed with the residues and further heated.
  • the metal oxides start to react with the plastics, whereby various non-ferrous metals evaporate and are discharged together with the exhaust gases from the deck oven.
  • the volatile non-ferrous metals can be extracted and treated separately from the other exhaust gases on the floors in the third zone where they are formed. These exhaust gases are then e.g. oxidized in a post-combustion chamber, the metals being converted to metal oxides, which can then be separated from the exhaust gases in a filter device.
  • the iron oxides, nickel oxides, etc. that may be present in the deck furnace are reduced to the corresponding metals.
  • the non-volatile metals produced in this way are removed from the furnace together with the residues of the introduced material and the ashes.
  • either dust-like or sludge-like, metal-containing residues can be fed in, whereby caking of the particles is avoided by a targeted process control and by constant circulation.
  • the process delivers a fine-grained end product. This is particularly advantageous if the starting material contains iron oxides. Since the solid end product is fine-grained, the ash can be separated from the iron easily. This separation can e.g. B. in the hot state via classification.
  • this method is also suitable for the treatment of pellets and micropellets, which normally have a diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm. After cooling below 700 ° C, on the other hand, it is possible to separate the reduced iron from the ashes using a magnetic separator. The quality of that The directly reduced iron obtained is almost independent of the amount of ash and other residues of the starting material.
  • the iron obtained can then be processed into briquettes or placed directly in a melting furnace (electric furnace, etc.) and processed further.
  • Resource-saving plastic waste can therefore be used to convert the metal oxides into metal and largely dispense with coal or other fossil fuels.
  • the process room is divided into different zones, the solids move continuously from top to bottom and the gases are from bottom to top i.e. passed in countercurrent through the furnace.
  • the metal-containing residues can also be mixed with at least some of the required plastics before they are introduced into the deck oven. This is particularly true in the case of treatment of sludges with a high water content that with at least some of the required Plastics can be mixed before they are placed in the oven.
  • the sludges usually have a sticky consistency and, when mixed with plastics, are easier to put in the oven. Mixing with the plastics reduces the tendency that the input material forms agglomerates when heated.
  • the metal-containing residues are continuously circulated by rakes attached to each floor of the furnace and gradually transported to the floor below.
  • the constant agitation prevents the particles from caking together.
  • the rate of circulation depends on many factors such as. B. the geometry of the rake, the thickness of the layers, etc.
  • the metal ones Residual materials on the floors should be circulated at least once every one to three minutes, which largely prevents agglomeration.
  • oxygen-containing gases that have a temperature of at least 250 ° C.
  • Plastic, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or natural gas can also be blown in on the bottom floors of the third zone of the deck oven. As a result, a higher reduction potential of the atmosphere in the furnace is realized and a more complete reduction of the oxides is achieved.
  • one or more floors in the furnace are heated by means of a burner.
  • gases are drawn off from the deck oven on each zone on one or more floors.
  • These hot gases can then either be passed through a CO 2 scrubber to reduce the amount of gas and increase the reduction potential of the gas, or can be passed through an additional reactor in which carbon is present, so that the carbon dioxide contained in the hot gases reacts with the carbon to form carbon monoxide according to the Boudoir equilibrium and thereby the reduction potential of the gas is increased.
  • the gases enriched with carbon monoxide are then returned to the deck oven.
  • the amount of gas present on the floors to which the nonferrous metal oxides are reduced to metals and volatilize is low.
  • the metals formed can then be sucked out of the furnace in a relatively small amount of gas on these levels through an outlet in the side wall.
  • the extracted gas mixture is afterburned, cooled in a cooling device and then cleaned with the aid of a filter before it is released.
  • the deck oven can be operated under a certain excess pressure.
  • a rotary kiln which is sealed over water cups with a diameter of approximately 50 m, this is very easy to achieve in a deck oven that only has small seals on the drive shaft. In such a case, pressure locks must be provided for the input and export of material.
  • Fig. 1 a section through a deck oven for the thermal treatment of metal-containing residues.
  • 1 shows a section through a deck oven 10, which consists of three zones 12, 14, 16 lying one below the other, each of which has a plurality of floors 18. These self-supporting levels 18, as well as the jacket 20, the cover 22 and the bottom 24 of the furnace are made of refractory material.
  • a suction nozzle 26, 28, 30 through which the gases can be evacuated from the furnace 10.
  • the exhaust gases of the three zones 12, 14, 16 have a different composition so that it can be useful to treat the exhaust gases of the different zones 12, 14, 16 separately.
  • the cover 22 there is an opening 32 through which the metal-containing residues, or a mixture of metal-containing residues and plastics, can be applied to the top floor of the first zone.
  • the rakes are designed so that they roll the material inside out on one floor and then outside in on the floor below, so that the material is transported through the furnace from top to bottom.
  • the shaft 34 and the rakes are air-cooled and openings are provided on the rakes through which air can flow into the interior of the furnace and can be used there for afterburning.
  • the residues are usually applied to the first floor of the first zone 12 while the plastics are fed into the third zone 16 and are brought into contact with the metal-containing residues there. During the transport through the first zone 12, the metal-containing residues are heated to approximately 200 ° C. and dried.
  • the plastics can be introduced into the furnace.
  • the plastics that are introduced into the third zone 16 are mixed there by the rakes with the heated, metal-containing residues and suddenly cracked, with large amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide being released. Due to the high temperature and the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the oxides contained in the residues are reduced to metal during transport through the deck oven 10.
  • Nozzles 38 for blowing hot (350 ° C. to 500 ° C.) oxygen-containing gases are provided in the side wall, through which air or another oxygen-containing gas can be introduced into the deck oven 10. Due to the high temperatures and the presence of oxygen, part of the carbon burns to carbon dioxide, which in turn reacts with the excess carbon and is converted to carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide finally reduces the oxides.
  • These burners 40 can be fired with air for preheating and / or for additional heating with gas or coal dust.
  • An additional reducing gas can be generated by the quantitative ratio between oxygen and fuel, or afterburning of the process gases is achieved with excess air.
  • an excess of carbon monoxide can be generated in the burner.
  • With external combustion chambers it can be avoided that the ashes of the burned coal get into the furnace and mix with the iron.
  • the temperatures in the combustion chambers are selected so that the slag can be drawn off in liquid form and can be disposed of in a glazed form.
  • the generation of carbon monoxide reduces the consumption of plastics in the furnace 10 and thus also the ash content in the finished product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'exploitation de matières plastiques dans le traitement thermique de matériaux de recyclage métallifères, dans un four à étages partagé en trois zones. Chaque zone dudit four présente plusieurs étages, situés les uns sur les autres. Ce procédé consiste : à introduire, de manière continue, les matériaux de recyclage métallifères à l'étage supérieur de la première zone du four à étages, les matériaux de recyclage étant transférés au fur et à mesure dans la deuxième zone et étant séchés entre-temps, à chauffer et à calciner les matériaux de recyclage, à environ 800 °C, dans la deuxième zone, les matériaux de recyclage étant transférés au fur et à mesure dans la troisième zone, à introduire, de manière continue, les matières plastiques à l'étage supérieur de la troisième zone, à chauffer le mélange à 1000 °C - 1200 °C, dans la troisième zone, les métaux étant réduits, puis à extraire le mélange du four à étages.
PCT/EP2000/011851 1999-12-23 2000-11-28 Procede d'exploitation de dechets plastiques dans le traitement thermique de materiaux de recyclage metalliferes WO2001048254A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU17050/01A AU1705001A (en) 1999-12-23 2000-11-28 Method for the utilisation of plastic waste in the thermal treatment of metalliferous recyclings

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU90493A LU90493B1 (de) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Verfahren zur Verwertung von Kunststoffabfaellen bei der thermischen Behandlung metallhaltiger Reststoffe
LU90493 1999-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001048254A1 true WO2001048254A1 (fr) 2001-07-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2000/011851 WO2001048254A1 (fr) 1999-12-23 2000-11-28 Procede d'exploitation de dechets plastiques dans le traitement thermique de materiaux de recyclage metalliferes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1705001A (fr)
LU (1) LU90493B1 (fr)
TW (1) TW436336B (fr)
WO (1) WO2001048254A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0838532A1 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1998-04-29 Olmos Ibanez, Maria Desamparados Procede de recuperation d'aluminium et d'energie a partir d'emballages uses de type "brique", et four de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
WO2000014286A1 (fr) * 1998-09-02 2000-03-16 Paul Wurth S.A. Procede de traitement thermique de residus contenant de l'huile et des oxydes de fer
WO2000028094A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-18 Paul Wurth S.A. Procede de traitement thermique de matieres residuelles contenant des metaux lourds

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0838532A1 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1998-04-29 Olmos Ibanez, Maria Desamparados Procede de recuperation d'aluminium et d'energie a partir d'emballages uses de type "brique", et four de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
WO2000014286A1 (fr) * 1998-09-02 2000-03-16 Paul Wurth S.A. Procede de traitement thermique de residus contenant de l'huile et des oxydes de fer
WO2000028094A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-18 Paul Wurth S.A. Procede de traitement thermique de matieres residuelles contenant des metaux lourds

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BRACKEN BRIAN D ET AL: "ALTERNATIVE FUELS FOR MULTIPLE-HEARTH FURNACES", J WATER POLLUT CONTROL FED APR 1980, vol. 52, no. 4, April 1980 (1980-04-01), pages 791 - 803, XP002146784 *
SHELTON R D: "STAGEWISE GASIFICATION IN A MULTIPLE HEARTH FURNACE", PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL WWEMA INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONFERENCE,XX,XX, 1978, pages 209 - 224, XP000869815 *

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Publication number Publication date
AU1705001A (en) 2001-07-09
TW436336B (en) 2001-05-28
LU90493B1 (de) 2001-06-25

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