WO2001039284A1 - Detecteur de contrainte de fond piezo-electrique et generateur d'energie - Google Patents

Detecteur de contrainte de fond piezo-electrique et generateur d'energie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001039284A1
WO2001039284A1 PCT/US2000/031621 US0031621W WO0139284A1 WO 2001039284 A1 WO2001039284 A1 WO 2001039284A1 US 0031621 W US0031621 W US 0031621W WO 0139284 A1 WO0139284 A1 WO 0139284A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric material
mandrel
strain
tubular string
applying
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/031621
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roger L. Schultz
Syed Hamid
Original Assignee
Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. filed Critical Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
Priority to AU16187/01A priority Critical patent/AU1618701A/en
Publication of WO2001039284A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001039284A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0085—Adaptations of electric power generating means for use in boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/007—Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/26—Storing data down-hole, e.g. in a memory or on a record carrier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
    • H10N30/302—Sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to methods and downhole tools used in conjunction with operations in subterranean wells and, in an embodiment described herein, more particularly provides a downhole strain sensor and a power generator.
  • a downhole strain sensor and a power generator are provided.
  • the invention comprises a tubular mandrel to which a layer of piezoelectric material is applied.
  • the piezoelectric material produces an electrical output in response to strain induced in the mandrel.
  • a strain sensor is interconnected as a part of a tubular string positioned in a subterranean well. Strain is induced in the tubular string by, for example, applying pressure to the tubular string, bending the tubular string, applying torque to the tubular string, applying an axial force to the tubular string, etc. The strain in the tubular string is converted into an electrical output by the strain sensor.
  • the strain sensor output may be indicative of data-carrying strain applied to the tubular string.
  • communication may be established between a remote location and a downhole tool interconnected to the strain sensor.
  • data and/or instructions may be transmitted from a remote location to the downhole tool by applying a series of strains to the tubular string.
  • the strain sensor may also include a transmitter for communicating recorded strains in the tubular string to a remote location.
  • strain induced in a tubular string may be converted into electrical power to be used for operating a downhole tool.
  • the strain in the tubular string causes a piezoelectric material to generate the electrical power.
  • strain may be induced generally continuously in the tubular string, for example, by using fluid flow through the tubular string to cause repeated strain in the tubular string.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic partially cross-sectional view of a method embodying principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a strain sensor embodying principles of the present invention which may be used in the method of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partially cross-sectional view of a power generator embodying principles of the present invention which may be used in the method of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. l Representatively illustrated in FIG. l is a method 10 which embodies principles of the present invention.
  • directional terms such as “above”, “below”, “upper”, “lower”, etc., are used for convenience in referring to the accompanying drawings. Additionally, it is to be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention described herein may be utilized in various orientations, such as inclined, inverted, horizontal, vertical, etc., without departing from the principles of the present invention.
  • a tubular string 12 such as a production tubing string
  • An apparatus 14 which embodies principles of the present invention, is interconnected in the tubular string 12 as a portion thereof. Fluid flow through the tubular string 12, thus, flows through the apparatus 14 also. Specifically, fluids produced from a formation 16 intersected by the well flow into the tubular string 12 via a production valve 18, such as a sliding sleeve valve, and then flow through the tubular string to the earth's surface.
  • a production valve 18 such as a sliding sleeve valve
  • a strain sensor 20 embodying principles of the present invention is representatively and schematically illustrated.
  • the sensor 20 maybe used for the apparatus 14 in the method 10. Accordingly, the sensor 20 is depicted in FIG. 2 as being interconnected in the tubular string 12, but it is to be clearly understood that it is not necessary for the sensor 20 to be interconnected in the tubular string 12, or for the sensor to be used in the method 10.
  • the sensor 20 includes a generally tubular mandrel 22 configured for interconnection in the tubular string 12.
  • a relatively thin layer of piezoelectric material 24 is applied to the mandrel 22.
  • the layer of piezoelectric material 24 is relatively thin compared to a wall thickness of the mandrel 22. As depicted in FIG.
  • the layer of piezoelectric material 24 is applied externally to the mandrel 22 and extends continuously about the mandrel, completely circumscribing the mandrel.
  • the piezoelectric material 24 may be a single piece of material, or it may be multiple portions of material. Additionally, the piezoelectric material 24 could be applied to the interior of the mandrel 22, without departing from the principles of the present invention.
  • the piezoelectric material 24 may be applied to the mandrel 22 using any of a variety of methods.
  • the piezoelectric material 24 may be a film of material adhered to an interior or exterior surface of the mandrel 22, or the piezoelectric material may be a coating applied to the mandrel and then treated to obtain its piezoelectric properties, etc.
  • a suitable piezoelectric material is known as PZT.
  • PZT piezoelectric material
  • any type of piezoelectric material may be used for the piezoelectric material 24 in the sensor 20.
  • the piezoelectric material 24 when a strain is applied to the mandrel 22, the piezoelectric material 24 will also experience the strain and will generate an electrical output in response to the strain.
  • a torque, axial force, bending moment, pressure, etc. may be applied to the tubular string 12 in order to induce strain in the mandrel 22 and thereby generate an electrical output from the piezoelectric material 24.
  • the electrical output of the piezoelectric material 24 is, therefore, indicative of the strain applied to the mandrel 22.
  • a series of strains may be applied to thereby communicate data or instructions to the sensor 20.
  • a series of pressure pulses applied to the tubular string 12 may carry instructions for operation of a downhole tool 26 interconnected via lines 28 to the sensor 14.
  • Communication between a remote location, such as the earth's surface, and the sensor 20 may also be accomplished by transmitting acoustic signals via the fluid interior or exterior to the tubular string 12, or via the tubular string itself.
  • a data- and/or instruction-carrying series of strains may be applied to the tubular string 12 and sensed by the sensor 14, and the data or instructions may be relayed to the tool 26.
  • the series of strains applied to the tubular string 12 may carry an instruction for the valve to open or close. This method permits a downhole tool to be controlled from a remote location without the need for wires, control lines, etc. extending between them.
  • the piezoelectric material 24 is isolated from fluids in the well by a housing or enclosure 30.
  • the housing 30 is attached to the mandrel 22 and outwardly encloses the piezoelectric material 24.
  • the housing 30 may be differently positioned and attached to the mandrel as well.
  • the sensor 20 further includes electrical and/or electronic devices which enable and/ or enhance its operation in specific applications.
  • the sensor 20 includes a signal conditioning device 32, a memory device 34 and a communication device 36.
  • the signal conditioning device 32 receives the output of the piezoelectric material 24 and places it in a usable form, for example, by impedance matching, amplification, etc.
  • the memory device 34 records the output of the piezoelectric material 24 for later retrieval or for transmission to a remote location.
  • the communication device 36 transmits the output of the piezoelectric material 24 to another location, either in real time or from the stored output in the memory device 34. For example, the communication device 36 as depicted in FIG.
  • the communication device 36 may communicate with any other location, such as the earth's surface or another location in the well, without departing from the principles of the present invention.
  • a power generator 40 embodying principles of the present invention is representatively and schematically illustrated.
  • the power generator 40 maybe used for the apparatus 14 in the method 10, and may also be used in other methods in keeping with the principles of the present invention.
  • the power generator 40 is similar in many respects to the strain sensor 20 described above, and elements shown in FIG. 3 which are similar to those previously described are indicated using the same reference numbers.
  • the power generator 40 is interconnected in the tubular string 12 in the method 10.
  • the power generator 40 may be interconnected in other types of tubular strings, without departing from the principles of the present invention.
  • a strain induced in the tubular string 12 will also be experienced by a generally tubular mandrel 42 of the power generator 40.
  • the mandrel 42 is in most respects similar to the mandrel 22 of the strain sensor 20.
  • the mandrel 42 may include other features which act to induce strain in the mandrel and, therefore, generate an output of the piezoelectric material 24.
  • the mandrel 42 has a flow deflector 44 in an internal flow passage 46 that is in communication with the interior of the tubular string 12.
  • the flow deflector 44 as depicted in FIG. 3 is somewhat fin-shaped and acts to create turbulence, or a change in fluid momentum, in the fluid flow through the passage 46.
  • the tubular string 12 is a production tubing string, it will be appreciated that there is substantially continuous fluid flow through the passage. This means that the flow detector 44 is substantially continuously creating turbulence or momentum change in the fluid flow.
  • the mandrel 42 may have an internal profile 48 formed therein to create turbulence in the fluid flow.
  • the profile 48 may be asymmetrical as shown in FIG. 3 to thereby enhance its turbulence or momentum change creating feature. It is, however, to be clearly understood that any means, or no means, of creating turbulence or momentum change in the fluid flow through the passage 46 may be utilized in keeping with the principles of the present invention.
  • the power generator 40 includes the signal conditioning device 32 and communication device 36, and also includes a battery or other energy storage device 50 for storing the electrical output of the piezoelectric material 24.
  • the signal conditioner 32 may take a substantially continuous AC-type electrical output of the piezoelectric material 24 and convert it to a DC current suitable for charging the battery 50
  • the electrical power stored in the battery 50 may then be used to operate a downhole tool, such as the tool 26 in the method 10, using the communication device 36 to convert the battery output so that the tool 26 may be operated thereby.
  • the tool 26 may require AC power for its operation, in which case the device 36 may convert the DC output of the battery 50 to an AC output.
  • the communication device 36 may communicate in other manners with remote locations as described above for the sensor 20.
  • the principles of the present invention provide methods whereby strain in a tubular string may be easily, simply and economically generated, sensed, recorded, transmitted, used to generate power, used to operate a downhole tool and/or used to communicate with remote locations.
  • the sensor 20 may include the battery 50, the flow deflector 44 and/or the profile 48 of the power generator 40, and the power generator 40 may include the memory device 34 of the sensor 20.
  • a combined sensor/power generator may be conveniently constructed using the above described principles of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un détecteur de contrainte de fond et un générateur d'énergie fournissant une construction économique et simplifiée par conversion de la contrainte dans un train de tubage en une sortie de fond. La sortie peut être un signal indicatif de la contrainte dans train de tubage et/ou de l'énergie électrique. Dans un des modes de réalisation de la présente invention, un mandrin généralement tubulaire est revêtu d'une couche relativement fine de matériau piézo-électrique, ce mandrin étant interconnecté dans un train de tubage. La contrainte induite dans le train de tubage est produite par le mandrin et conduit le matériau piézo-électrique à générer une sortie.
PCT/US2000/031621 1999-11-23 2000-11-17 Detecteur de contrainte de fond piezo-electrique et generateur d'energie WO2001039284A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU16187/01A AU1618701A (en) 1999-11-23 2000-11-17 Piezoelectric downhole strain sensor and power generator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US44803799A 1999-11-23 1999-11-23
US09/448,037 1999-11-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001039284A1 true WO2001039284A1 (fr) 2001-05-31

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AU (1) AU1618701A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001039284A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007005435A1 (fr) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Fabrication et fonctionnement d'un accumulateur a sel fondu pour un champ de petrole
US7219728B2 (en) 2004-10-11 2007-05-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for generating downhole power
US7242103B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2007-07-10 Welldynamics, Inc. Downhole electrical power generator
US7484566B2 (en) 2005-08-15 2009-02-03 Welldynamics, Inc. Pulse width modulated downhole flow control
WO2009088827A2 (fr) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-16 Schlumberger Canada Limited Appareil à rotor hélicoïdal excentré comprenant un transducteur, procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation
US7785080B2 (en) 2005-05-31 2010-08-31 Welldynamics, Inc. Downhole ram pump
US7819194B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2010-10-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Flow regulator for use in a subterranean well
CN104485849A (zh) * 2015-01-07 2015-04-01 浙江师范大学 一种用于远程抄表系统的管道流发电机
US20150176344A1 (en) * 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 Stephen John McLoughlin Downhole assembly
US9416652B2 (en) 2013-08-08 2016-08-16 Vetco Gray Inc. Sensing magnetized portions of a wellhead system to monitor fatigue loading
WO2017105420A1 (fr) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Système de débitmètre électro-optique modulaire pour conditions de fond
US10107657B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2018-10-23 Remoni Aps Monitoring system

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970877A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-07-20 Michael King Russell Power generation in underground drilling operations
US4518888A (en) * 1982-12-27 1985-05-21 Nl Industries, Inc. Downhole apparatus for absorbing vibratory energy to generate electrical power
US4525645A (en) * 1983-10-11 1985-06-25 Southwest Research Institute Cylindrical bender-type vibration transducer
US4788467A (en) * 1984-07-30 1988-11-29 Piezo Sona-Tool Corporation Downhole oil well vibrating system
US5081391A (en) * 1989-09-13 1992-01-14 Southwest Research Institute Piezoelectric cylindrical transducer for producing or detecting asymmetrical vibrations
US5225731A (en) * 1991-06-13 1993-07-06 Southwest Research Institute Solid body piezoelectric bender transducer
US5306980A (en) * 1990-07-16 1994-04-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Torsional force transducer and method of operation
US5839508A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole apparatus for generating electrical power in a well
EP0919696A2 (fr) * 1997-12-01 1999-06-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Répéteur électromagnétique et acoustique et procédé de son utilisation
US5959214A (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-09-28 Delco Electronics Corp. Strain gauge with steel substrate
US5982708A (en) * 1995-12-15 1999-11-09 Innovative Transducers, Inc. Acoustic sensor and array thereof

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970877A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-07-20 Michael King Russell Power generation in underground drilling operations
US4518888A (en) * 1982-12-27 1985-05-21 Nl Industries, Inc. Downhole apparatus for absorbing vibratory energy to generate electrical power
US4525645A (en) * 1983-10-11 1985-06-25 Southwest Research Institute Cylindrical bender-type vibration transducer
US4788467A (en) * 1984-07-30 1988-11-29 Piezo Sona-Tool Corporation Downhole oil well vibrating system
US5081391A (en) * 1989-09-13 1992-01-14 Southwest Research Institute Piezoelectric cylindrical transducer for producing or detecting asymmetrical vibrations
US5306980A (en) * 1990-07-16 1994-04-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Torsional force transducer and method of operation
US5225731A (en) * 1991-06-13 1993-07-06 Southwest Research Institute Solid body piezoelectric bender transducer
US5839508A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole apparatus for generating electrical power in a well
US5982708A (en) * 1995-12-15 1999-11-09 Innovative Transducers, Inc. Acoustic sensor and array thereof
EP0919696A2 (fr) * 1997-12-01 1999-06-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Répéteur électromagnétique et acoustique et procédé de son utilisation
US5959214A (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-09-28 Delco Electronics Corp. Strain gauge with steel substrate

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7219728B2 (en) 2004-10-11 2007-05-22 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for generating downhole power
US7242103B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2007-07-10 Welldynamics, Inc. Downhole electrical power generator
US7819194B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2010-10-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Flow regulator for use in a subterranean well
US7785080B2 (en) 2005-05-31 2010-08-31 Welldynamics, Inc. Downhole ram pump
WO2007005435A1 (fr) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Fabrication et fonctionnement d'un accumulateur a sel fondu pour un champ de petrole
US7484566B2 (en) 2005-08-15 2009-02-03 Welldynamics, Inc. Pulse width modulated downhole flow control
WO2009088827A3 (fr) * 2007-12-31 2010-06-10 Schlumberger Canada Limited Appareil à rotor hélicoïdal excentré comprenant un transducteur, procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation
WO2009088827A2 (fr) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-16 Schlumberger Canada Limited Appareil à rotor hélicoïdal excentré comprenant un transducteur, procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation
US10107657B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2018-10-23 Remoni Aps Monitoring system
US9416652B2 (en) 2013-08-08 2016-08-16 Vetco Gray Inc. Sensing magnetized portions of a wellhead system to monitor fatigue loading
US20150176344A1 (en) * 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 Stephen John McLoughlin Downhole assembly
CN104485849A (zh) * 2015-01-07 2015-04-01 浙江师范大学 一种用于远程抄表系统的管道流发电机
WO2017105420A1 (fr) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Système de débitmètre électro-optique modulaire pour conditions de fond

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