WO2001033542A1 - Systeme et procede d'acheminement de donnees en continu - Google Patents

Systeme et procede d'acheminement de donnees en continu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001033542A1
WO2001033542A1 PCT/US2000/041732 US0041732W WO0133542A1 WO 2001033542 A1 WO2001033542 A1 WO 2001033542A1 US 0041732 W US0041732 W US 0041732W WO 0133542 A1 WO0133542 A1 WO 0133542A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
streaming data
module
data
encoder
network
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/041732
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony Young
Original Assignee
Weema Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weema Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Weema Technologies, Inc.
Priority to AU26206/01A priority Critical patent/AU2620601A/en
Publication of WO2001033542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001033542A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1043—Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/765—Media network packet handling intermediate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/06—Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1074—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks for supporting data block transmission mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware

Definitions

  • Streaming is a technique for transferring large quantities of data such that the data can be processed by a receiving node as a steady and continuous stream.
  • a client application, browser or plug-in can start displaying the received portions of data before the entire file has been received.
  • Streaming is achieved through the use of a standard format for various types of data.
  • the receiving node must be capable of translating or decoding the received data from the streaming format into its original format.
  • a networked server may have the data stored or cached in local memory.
  • the data is ready to be conveyed to the receiving node over a high-bandwidth network connection upon demand.
  • Node in this context, refers to any network- connected device.
  • another network- connected node such as a workstation may source the streaming data.
  • the transmitting node provides an encoding function in order to format the data to be streamed as required.
  • a dedicated server having a high bandwidth network connection is then required to distribute the encoded data.
  • a server In between the transmitting node and the receiving node in typical network configurations is a server.
  • the server is addressed by the receiving node(s) and allocates the necessary bandwidth for retransmission of the streaming data from the transmitting node based upon the request from the receiving node(s) .
  • the server may also provide buffering or caching for facilitating the transfer of streaming data to receiving nodes of varying processing speeds and having connections to the server of varying capacities.
  • the streaming data server is typically configured manually by personnel acting in response to requests for the data from receiving nodes. Because this manual configuration function takes place at one targeted server, the transmitting node and receiving node(s) must be connected to this particular server, directly or indirectly, regardless of the physical distance between nodes and the server. Also, the transmitting and receiving nodes must be connected to this targeted server regardless of the bandwidth capacity of the server. If over-subscription to a particular stream occurs, denial of service to one or more receiving nodes must result.
  • Certain server networks have employed the capacity to recognize the geographic location of network nodes in order to more efficiently utilize network bandwidth in handling traffic to and from nodes.
  • a distributed database may contain information for correlating an IP address to a server' s geographic location. Such information may then be employed in a dense network such as described above for more efficiently delivering cached data.
  • True peer-to-peer networks have not been employed for distributing streaming data.
  • Distributed databases such as NAPSTER (Napster, Inc.) utilize a network of workstations as a collective repository of recordings, yet require some form of centralized intelligence for maintaining a database of node addresses and contents.
  • Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) researchers employ idle CPU cycles on volunteers' home computers in order to process blocks of data. Such distributed processing still requires a centralized coordination of effort.
  • Network servers are currently employing a limited form of neighbor awareness to the extent that one server may have address tables of neighboring networked servers. Yet such awareness has not included bandwidth utilization information for neighboring servers or the distributed intelligence for requesting additional resources or for redirecting data flow based on such information. In addition, networked servers have not embodied the distributed intelligence necessary to proactively establish fail-over contingencies with respect to neighboring network assets.
  • control layer representing a central focal point for defining network behavior and scheduling.
  • the prior art has failed to provide a true peer-to-peer server network capable of intelligently and automatically employing geographical location data and neighbor state awareness for autonomous bandwidth allocation, data routing, and definition of fail-over contingencies .
  • a system and method for enabling the efficient conveyance of streaming data are disclosed.
  • the computing resources which connect a transmitting node to one or more receiving nodes for the transfer of streaming data operate in a true peer-to-peer configuration, enabling efficient and flexible routing and delivery of streaming data regardless of the number of nodes transmitting streaming data to the peer-to-peer network, the total number of nodes receiving streaming data from various points in the peer-to-peer network, and the number of nodes receiving any one of the individual data streams.
  • the peer-to-peer network includes intercommunicating servers each of which are provided with the capacity to autonomously analyze the bandwidth required to support each incoming data stream, to evaluate its own available resources and those of its neighboring servers, to configure the connection (s) between transmitting node(s), individual server (s) in the server network, and receiving node(s), and to distribute data streams to the receiving node(s).
  • Various factors are automatically accounted for in defining the appropriate configuration, including geographic location, number of receiving nodes requesting access to a data stream, available bandwidth of the respective and neighboring servers, characteristics of the physical data pathways interconnecting these elements, and the number and characteristics of other active data streams being serviced by the network, among others.
  • the disclosed system and method enable the transmission of streaming data through the use of a common web browser, an interface which is increasingly familiar to average computer users.
  • This facility is enabled through the use of software modules which may be downloaded via the Internet or any other suitable means. When the module is installed in the user' s computer, it becomes embedded in the user' s web browser.
  • the module is written to take advantage of an application programming interface ("API" ) for a particular streaming data encoder, such that the encoder may be configured and controlled through the use of the downloaded module.
  • API application programming interface
  • the module is scriptable by programming languages such as JAVASCRIPT (Sun Microsystems, Inc.) or VISUAL BASIC Script (Microsoft Corporation) , which are particularly suited to use in dynamic web design, the installed module may be used locally or remotely to configure and control the resident encoder.
  • a user may use a web browser program to access a particular web site which offers the software module for download.
  • the encoder resident in the user' s computer is configured according to pre-established or dynamically defined parameters.
  • Means may also be provided for enabling a more experienced user to customize the performance of the resident encoder as desired or required.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a prior art computer network enabling the distribution of streaming data
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a computer network according to the present invention for enabling the distribution of streaming data
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an individual network node and software modules installed therein according to the prior art
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of an individual network node and software modules installed therein according to the presently disclosed invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a variant of the network node of Fig. 4 including a communications module.
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified representation.
  • the transmitting node may also be a receiving node.
  • the presently disclosed system includes a network of servers, each of which being capable of distributing or redistributing streaming data.
  • the networked servers are also capable of automatically configuring themselves to provide the most efficient arrangement for the receipt and dissemination of streaming data.
  • the network of streaming data servers is addressable on the Internet (as illustrated in Fig. 2), though in an alternative embodiment, they may comprise a discrete network unto themselves .
  • another key feature of the presently disclosed system is the ability of a user to employ a common web browser as a means for sourcing streaming data.
  • a transmitting browser (B ⁇ ) is capable of sending streaming data to the Internet and thereby to the networked streaming data servers.
  • the most efficient configuration for receiving and redistributing the streaming data is then established by the server network based on factors including physical location of the data source and the various requesting nodes, the bandwidth required to service this and other data streams, and the current network state, among others.
  • Such automated flexibility enables the accommodation of various data distribution topologies, singly or in combination: one-to-one; one-to-many; many- to-one; and many-to-many.
  • Users may then employ their web browsers (B R ) in order to gain access to the streaming data for decoding and presentation at each user's computer.
  • B R web browsers
  • the networked streaming data servers are configured and programmed to function in a true peer-to-peer mode.
  • each constituent server of the network maintains awareness of the state of its neighboring servers as well of itself.
  • each server maintains a database such as MYSQL (T.C.X DataKonsult AB) in which is identified all of the servers in the network (including itself) , the total and available bandwidth of each server, the physical location of each server and the connectivity between them, a record of all previously scheduled streaming data traffic, and a set of contingency connections for rerouting streaming data traffic in the event one or more of the neighboring servers goes or is taken off-line.
  • MYSQL T.C.X DataKonsult AB
  • the establishment and maintenance of this database is achieved in a first embodiment through exchanges with neighboring servers which occur upon the recognition of certain triggering events.
  • Such events include the receipt by one constituent server of a data stream to be distributed, and the receipt of a communication from a user wishing to reserve bandwidth for a future broadcast of streaming data.
  • a particular server upon initialization, a particular server sends a polling signal out each of its ports.
  • the initialization is regarded as a triggering event. If no response is received, an indication is recorded in the database that there is no neighboring server connected thereto. On the other hand, if a response is received, the server creates a entry in the database file correlated to that port.
  • each server is pre-configured according to which bus adapter is located at each port, the server has an indication of the theoretical bandwidth available at each port. The respective entry is then populated with data which characterizes the replying server.
  • the network of streaming data servers is rapidly scalable.
  • polling for the purpose of database updating may occur on a periodic basis.
  • the particular period employed may be static and pre-selected according to an expected level of traffic, or may be adjusted dynamically based upon empirical determinations by each respective server of the current frequency of server state change.
  • Running within each constituent server in the streaming data server network is a control software program or module which is responsible for the periodic exchange of network and server state information with neighboring servers.
  • Each server employs a substantially identical control module such that a true peer-to-peer network is realized.
  • the control module is responsive to the collected data in defining the most efficient distribution of streaming data. Factors analyzed by the control module include data rate for each stream handled by the respective server, number of requesting nodes directly connected to the respective server, and the physical location of each transmitting and requesting node as compared to the physical location of the respective server.
  • the flexibility of such a peer-to- peer network control module enables the utilization of plural servers to distribute a single data stream in the event one server would have inadequate bandwidth to support distribution of the stream by itself.
  • control module operating in each server is responsible for analyzing data from neighboring network assets and data pertaining to scheduled and live data transmission through the respective server in order to define contingency plans in the event one or more neighboring servers goes off-line. Such an occurrence may be the result of hardware failure or malicious acts of third parties such as denial of service attacks. These plans include how the server would route streaming data in the event one or more neighboring servers became unavailable .
  • the control module in one embodiment, is also capable of providing redundant distribution of streaming data for critical data delivery.
  • data may be routed through the streaming data network via more than one path, simultaneously, enabling a server connected to one or more requesting nodes to select the most appropriate stream.
  • the network of streaming data servers is includes one or more memory assets to be employed as a cache.
  • these assets comprise network attached storage (NAS) which is easily scalable.
  • NAS network attached storage
  • the provision of storage on the streaming data network enables the network to respond to requests for on-demand data as well as for live streaming data. Caching is easily realized as a result of a user request prior to the initiation of streaming data transmission to the server network.
  • the control modules of the constituent servers define which data stream will be cached and which storage resources will be utilized for this purpose. Factors taken into consideration in making this determination include geographic location of the streaming data source, pre- subscribed receivers, and/or storage assets, characteristics of the streaming data, the status of traffic between individual servers and the storage assets, and/or the capacity of
  • a streaming data encoder program As previously discussed, an individual wishing to create and transmit streaming data with prior art technology has had to be proficient in the use of specialized software, referred to in Fig. 3 as a streaming data encoder program. Not only has this required the user to have the ability to intelligently comprehend the bandwidth requirements of the data to be transmitted, but also the ability to properly address a server which is to act as the distribution point for the data to other users. While most computer users have become sufficiently proficient with web browser programs, the same cannot be said of such encoders.
  • the present system employs a hypertext markup language (HTML) software module or "plug-in” which is installed in a user's computer.
  • HTML hypertext markup language
  • This can be accomplished in a number of ways, such as “download” links embedded on web sites or through the distribution of software on physical media such as compact disks or diskettes.
  • download links embedded on web sites or through the distribution of software on physical media such as compact disks or diskettes.
  • the procedures and requirements necessary for enabling the download of software modules from a web site are well-known in the art, as are the procedures for installing the modules in a target computer.
  • the software module of the present invention is installed and "embedded" in one or more web browsers resident in the same computer.
  • Embedding downloaded modules or plug-ins into browsers is also well-known in the art, and consequently a detailed discussion is not required here.
  • the embedded module is "scriptable” or addressable through the use of an appropriate script language such as JAVASCRIPT (Sun Microsystems, Inc.) for the module.
  • JAVASCRIPT Sun Microsystems, Inc.
  • the embedded software module is designed to take advantage of an application program interface (API) for a streaming data encoder resident in the user's computer memory.
  • API application program interface
  • An API defines the means by which one software program can interface to another software program.
  • the downloaded module is capable of configuring and controlling the respective streaming data encoder.
  • configuration commands can be received through a web connection and conveyed to the encoder through the downloaded module.
  • a user may use their web browser for configuring their own streaming data encoder, either manually or through the use of a predefined configuration file.
  • the streaming data encoder parameters may be adjusted directly through the encoder's own user interface.
  • Streaming data is conveyed to the servers of the streaming data server network in the particular format native to the encoder used. For instance, if Microsoft's Windows Media Encoder is employed to format the streaming data, the data is provided in Active Stream Format with a file extension of "*.asf". Other encoders would produce data in their respective format.
  • each server of the presently disclosed invention is capable of conveying the streaming data in its native format.
  • each receiving server has the capacity to translate the received data in the encoder-specific format into another format which may be specific to the servers of the streaming data server network now disclosed.
  • a second software module referred to as a communications module, is downloadable into a user' s computer for association with the user's browser and encoder.
  • the communications module receives the streaming data output from the encoder and converts it into a format which is native to the servers of the streaming data server network of the present disclosure.
  • all streaming data is in this native format from output of the transmitting node to each receiving node.
  • the intermediate step in each receiving server of converting from encoder-specific format to server network-specific format is obviated, thus reducing the processing burden on the server and hastening the transfer of the streaming data through the server network.
  • the server network- specific format may be changed to whatever encoder format is required by the requesting node.
  • the communications module may be realized in C++ or Java and may be capable of converting any predominant encoder format into the server network-specific format. This avoids the need to download a specific communications module for each encoder employed in the transmitting node.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système et un procédé permettant l'acheminement efficace de données en continu qui comprennent une configuration de réseau de vrais serveurs point à point. Chaque serveur en intercommunication analyse de façon autonome la largeur de bande requise pour prendre en charge chaque flux de données entrant, évalue ses propres ressources disponibles et celles des serveurs voisins, configure les connexions entre les noeuds de transmission (BT), les serveurs individuels du réseau de serveurs, et les noeud de réceptions (BR), et distribue les flux de données aux autres serveurs ou aux noeuds de réception. La transmission de données en continu via un navigateur web (BT) est également possible par l'intermédiaire de modules logiciels qui tirent partie d'une interface de programmation d'application de codage de données en continu.
PCT/US2000/041732 1999-11-02 2000-11-01 Systeme et procede d'acheminement de donnees en continu WO2001033542A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU26206/01A AU2620601A (en) 1999-11-02 2000-11-01 System and method for conveying streaming data

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16315399P 1999-11-02 1999-11-02
US60/163,153 1999-11-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001033542A1 true WO2001033542A1 (fr) 2001-05-10

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WO (1) WO2001033542A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2440774A (en) * 2006-08-11 2008-02-13 Cachelogic Ltd Monitoring QoS and adjusting rates for delivery of data in Peer to Peer networks.
EP1938485A2 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2008-07-02 Maxtech Networks Ltd. Reseau d'homologues en temps reel
US8880698B2 (en) 2004-10-18 2014-11-04 Sony United Kingdom Limited Storage of content data in a peer-to-peer network
US8892625B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2014-11-18 Thomson Licensing Hierarchically clustered P2P streaming system
US9210236B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2015-12-08 Parallel Networks, Llc Method and system for dynamic distributed data caching
CN107430545A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2017-12-01 信号公司 从仪器化软件接收的数据流的实时处理

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US6607735B2 (en) * 2000-12-21 2003-08-19 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Method for reducing the appearance of dark circles under the eyes

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US5734119A (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-03-31 Invision Interactive, Inc. Method for streaming transmission of compressed music
US5892535A (en) * 1996-05-08 1999-04-06 Digital Video Systems, Inc. Flexible, configurable, hierarchical system for distributing programming

Patent Citations (2)

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US5892535A (en) * 1996-05-08 1999-04-06 Digital Video Systems, Inc. Flexible, configurable, hierarchical system for distributing programming
US5734119A (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-03-31 Invision Interactive, Inc. Method for streaming transmission of compressed music

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9210236B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2015-12-08 Parallel Networks, Llc Method and system for dynamic distributed data caching
US9602618B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2017-03-21 Parallel Networks, Llc Method and system for dynamic distributed data caching
US8880698B2 (en) 2004-10-18 2014-11-04 Sony United Kingdom Limited Storage of content data in a peer-to-peer network
EP1938485A2 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2008-07-02 Maxtech Networks Ltd. Reseau d'homologues en temps reel
EP1938485A4 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2015-04-22 Maxtech Networks Ltd Reseau d'homologues en temps reel
GB2440774A (en) * 2006-08-11 2008-02-13 Cachelogic Ltd Monitoring QoS and adjusting rates for delivery of data in Peer to Peer networks.
GB2440774B (en) * 2006-08-11 2011-07-27 Cachelogic Ltd Content Delivery System For Digital Object
US7995473B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2011-08-09 Velocix Ltd. Content delivery system for digital object
US8892625B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2014-11-18 Thomson Licensing Hierarchically clustered P2P streaming system
CN107430545A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2017-12-01 信号公司 从仪器化软件接收的数据流的实时处理

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