Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
  • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
  • H01R13/52—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
  • H01R13/523—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases for use under water
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
  • E21B17/028—Electrical or electro-magnetic connections

Definitions

• the invention relates to downhole electrical connections made up in a wet environment. More particularly, the invention relates to downhole sealed connectors which self-clean upon makeup to avoid contamination in the connection.
• wet connector/disconnector embodiments of the invention avoid the need to stab-in a small connector.
• the stabbing-in of the tubing itself is all that is necessary to make up the connection. This is a substantial benefit to the art in view of the growing use of electrically activated downhole tools.
• the wet connect/disconnect ensures reliability of such systems due to an increase in the likelihood of connection and a reduction in the care needed to effect the connection.
• insulator that protects a conductor installed with the downhole equipment.
• the insulator may be rubber, plastic, metal, a grease, etc. with the joining principal being to maintain the conductor in a very clean condition.
• some of the embodiments further include a hydraulic fluid wash to ensure the conductor does not become contaminated when the insulator is pierced or otherwise removed by the string/connector being stabbed in.
• the conductor on the stab-in tool is also protected by one or more of the insulators noted above.
• some of the embodiments herein allow for a wet disconnect and reconnect which is advantageous for situations requiring such activity.
• a portion of the uphole string is left connected to the downhole string. This leaves the connection made during stabbing-in undisturbed. Rather a piece of the uphole section, which itself provides a new insulated conductor (or not insulated) for a subsequent stab-in procedure, is left behind.
• a switch section In order to be able to leave a section downhole, a switch section must also be employed to break the connection with the upper string. The switch section must break the connection in a sealed environment to prevent a short circuit upon reconnecting the uphole string.
• FIGURE 1 is a schematic elevation view of the concept of the invention
• FIGURE 2 is an enlarged view of a specific embodiment for circumscribed portion A of FIGURE 1;
• FIGURE 3 is an enlarged view of an alternate specific embodiment for circumscribed portion A
• FIGURES 4A and 4B are a top and bottom portion of an alternate connection apparatus for the circumscribed portion A in FIGURE 1 in a non-connected position;
• FIGURES 5 A and 5B are a top and bottom portion of the embodiment of FIGURE 4A and 4B in a connected position;
• FIGURES 6 A and 6B are disconnected and connected views, respectively of another alternate embodiment for the circumscribed section A in FIGURE 1 ;
• FIGURE 7 is another alternate embodiment for the circumscribed section A in
• FIGURE 1
• FIGURES 8A and 8B are disconnected and connected views respectively of another alternate embodiment for the circumscribed section A in FIGURE 1 ;
• FIGURES 9 A and 9B are an embodiment of the circumscribed area B in FIGURE 1;
• FIGURES 10A-C are various positions of an alternate embodiment of the circumscribed section B in FIGURE 1 ;
• FIGURES 11-13 are an elongated quarter-section view of the tool of this embodiment of the invention to illustrate the disassembled condition;
• FIGURES 14-17 are together an elongated quarter-section view of another connector tool of the invention;
• FIGURE 18 is a cross section view of the portion of the invention illustrated in FIGURE 11 taken along section line 15-15;
• FIGURE 19 is a cross section view of the portion of the invention illustrated in FIGURE 12 taken along section line 16-16.
• FIGURE 1 a schematic illustration provides an understanding of the disclosure in its broadest sense without details on the specific mechanisms of operable models. It will be understood that many different embodiments are possible which are capable of being employed to effect the desired results aforesaid.
• FIGURES following FIGURE 1 illustrate small sections of FIGURE 1 to teach one of skill in the art a way of connecting or disconnecting the circumscribed areas A or B of FIGURE 1.
• FIG. 1 illustrates schematically, a connection device in a wellbore.
• a lower (first) section of wellbore has been completed with (or from the stand point of manufacture is completable with) a tool string 12 having one or more electrically actuated or controlled tools which may have sensors, etc.
• This lower section 12 is for any number of reasons, which are known to those of skill in the art, isolated from an upper (second) section of tubing string 14. For this reason, providing an electrical connection between the upper section 14 and lower section 12 is needed. As noted above, such connections have been difficult in the prior art because of the harsh downhole environment.
• Lower section 12 includes associated wires (or fibers) 16 (one or more) which are connected at the factory to conductor pads (connector) 18. Conductor pads 18 are generally embedded in the tubing and will include a seal thereover to prevent contamination. Lower section 12 is run in the hole or otherwise disposed downhole in this condition and will remain in a sealed condition with respect to the pads 18 until an upper section 14 is run in the hole to make a connection with pads 18. Exactly how the pads are connected is discussed hereunder. It will be appreciated in the FIGURE 1 illustration that another distinct part is illustrated between lower section 12 and upper section 14.
• reconnect section 20 is optional to operability of the system with respect to the original connection. It should be appreciated from a review of FIGURE 1 that the features of lower section 12 are duplicated in reconnect section 20. Thus, it will be understood that upper section 14 might only contain features sufficient to mate with lower section 12 and avoid reconnect section 20. In a preferred embodiment, however, reconnect section 20 is included. Section 20 provides features that substitute for the second connector with respect to connection to the first connector. The section allows for the original connection to remain intact if the upper section 14 is pulled for some reason. This prevents contamination of the conductor pads 18.
• Reconnect section 20 is solely provided to create a stacked system capability. More specifically, reconnect section 20 is connected at the factory to the upper section 14 with a shearable or otherwise releasable connection to upper section 14. In the event upper section 14 must be removed from the hole, it leaves in its wake, reconnect section 20 which includes new sealed connector pads 18' and wires 24 which connect to the original stab in connectors 26. A subsequent upper section may then be stabbed into the reconnect section with the same reliability as the original connection the concept of the reconnect section may be employed over and over again as many times as a disconnect and reconnect are necessary. The reconnect sections simply continue to stack up as strings are pulled and reconnected.
• circumscribed area A is discussed first and is directed to several embodiments for creating a clean electrical connection with reliability and high confidence.
• connection mechanism is illustrated. It is to be understood that the mechanism is part of section 14 or section 20 as desired.
• circumscribed area B is discussed. Area B is directed to embodiments for breaking the connection with the wires 22 of section 14 when that section is pulled.
• a cover 30 illustrated herein as plastic, but which may be rubber or metallic, is positioned in a sealed relationship over conductor 18. Thus, while this portion of lower section 12 is exposed to wellbore fluid, the conductor 18 is protected.
• connection mechanism which is shown in place after run in but before actuation, includes a bore 34, preferably filled with hydraulic fluid 30 (or similar).
• a wedge 38 is provided in the bore 34 which is driven like a piston preferably by pressure from a proximate or remote source into contact with electrical connector 40 connected with wire 44 from the upper section.
• Electrical connector 40 includes a ramped surface 46 and a punch 48. Ramped surface 46 is complementary to wedge 38 and connector 40 is urged thereby toward seal material 42. Continued urging of connector 40 results in piercing of seal 42. Upon the piercing of seal 42, fluid 36 escapes from bore 34, flooding the area between seal 42 and seal 30. The flooding action displaces wellbore fluids and provides a clean dielectric embodiment in which the connection can be made.
• fluid 36 may preferably be dielectric fluid or a dielectric grease.
• the grease is preferred due to its viscosity and therefore its tendency to remain around the connection.
• FIGURE 3 an alternate connection mechanism is illustrated.
• This mechanism is very similar to the embodiment of FIGURE 2 and merely adds seals 50 which are preferably chevron type seals.
• seals 50 are preferably chevron type seals.
• the FIGURE 3 embodiment provides additional, if redundant, assurance of the continued cleanliness of the connection area. Seals 50 do not allow fluid to pass in either direction whereas seal 50' allows fluid to pass in only the "out" direction relative to the space defined by seals 50, 50'.
• the movement of the cleansing fluid 36 which in this embodiment is preferably hydraulic fluid, will sweep all remnants of well fluids out of the connection space and provide a clean connection area.
• FIGURES 4A, 4B and 5 A, 5B another alternate embodiment of the invention is illustrated. Because of the relative complexity of the embodiment, it is illustrated in both a nonconnected and connected form, FIGURES 4A, 4B and 5 A, 5B, respectively.
• lower section 12 will provide a reference.
• This embodiment functions by sliding the upper section, or reconnect section if so equipped, relative to the lower section 12' against spring biased rings which cover the conductor pads.
• Lower section 12 of this embodiment includes spring 60 based upon land 62 which biases ring 64 to a position where it covers pad 18.
• Section 12' also includes preferably two o-rings 66, which seal against ring 64, and a wiper 68.
• Section 14', or 20' if so equipped, includes spring 70 which rests on spring stop 72 and biases ring 74 to a position covering conductor pad 76. Ring 74 is sealed over conductor pad 76 by o-rings 78 mounted in ring 74.
• Conductor pad 76 is preferably spring loaded by springs 80 so that it will be biased against conductor pad 18 when so positioned.
• shoulder 90 begins to urge ring 64 downhole by over coming the bias of spring 60.
• ring 74 comes into contact with shoulder 92 of section 12' and is urged uphole by overcoming the spring 72 with downhole movement of the upper section or the reconnect section as the case may be.
• Conductor pad 76 is uncovered at the time it reaches wiper 68 and is wiped clean to remove any oxidation that may have developed over time. Continued downhole movement of the uphole section aligns conductor pads 18 and 76 and the connection is complete.
• FIGURE 5 A and 5B illustrate this embodiment in the connected condition to promote understanding of the invention.
• FIGURES 6A and 6B yet another alternative mechanism for the circumscribed area A in FIGURE 1 is illustrated.
• the lower section of the drawing is an alternative configuration of section 12 and thus is identified as 12".
• the conductive pads also differ in appearance and thus are designated 18".
• the upper section 14" (it should be understood that the upper section of the FIGURE could also be the reconnect section) includes a fluid-filled chamber 100 having an exhaust port 102 sealed by a one-way valve 103 and a rupture disk 104.
• the chamber 100 is sealed at its other end by seal 106.
• seal 106 In a preferred arrangement several o-ring seals are also supplied and are identified by 108. Focusing on the portion of upper section 14" that defines chamber 100, it will be noted that two wipers 110 are provided.
• FIGURE 7 is another alternative embodiment relating to circumscribed area A is illustrated.
• the upper section provides a connector 120 which is composed of a low temperature melt metal (obviously, melting temperature must be above well temperature at projected depth).
• the metal connector 120 is positioned adjacent conductor pad 18 and includes a coil 122 proximate thereto, the proximity being sufficient to melt the connector 120.
• seals 134, 132 are provided and a reservoir 128 includes fluid 130 actuated by a piston 126 to flush the contact area.
• a surface actuated cu ⁇ ent or a downhole actuated cu ⁇ ent melt the connector 120 which then flows into electrical contact with conductor pad 18.
• lower section 12 includes two conductor pads 18.
• the upper section of the drawing which again can be the equivalent of section 14 or section 20 in FIGURE 1 depending upon whether a reconnect option after a pull-out is to be provided, provides a nose 130 with several seals 132 of preferably the chevron type. Attached to nose 130 by a release mechanism, preferably a shear pin 134, is connector wedge 136 which houses a piercing conductor pad 138 in fluid 140 under seal 142.
• a spring 144 Upon downward movement of the upper section of the drawing (14 or 20) a spring 144 is urged against a ring 146 to move the same downhole until it contacts landing 148 of counter wedge 150.
• the disconnect itself comprises a connector pad 162 disposed a top an insulator 160 in a recess 172 in section 12.
• the recess 172 is sealed by cover 168 which may be of a plurality of distinct materials so long as they either deflect or allow a sealed sliding of the pins 166 therethrough. In the case of deflection, the pins 166 need not slide through cover 168 (the non-sliding a ⁇ angement being illustrated herein).
• pins 166 provide a base for pads 164, the pins extending to outside cover 168 and into connection with plate 170. The disconnect is connected together in the factory and appears as illustrated in
• FIGURE 9A When a disconnect is desired, pulling the tool causes the switch to be in the condition illustrated in FIGURE 9B wherein the electrical connection is broken and the ends of the downhole wires are protected within recess 172 and cover 168. It will be apparent to one of skill in the art that if upper portion 174 of the drawings is to be removed altogether the disconnect will have to shear at a point above the cover 168. Alternatively, the portion 174 could simply be a ring which remains downhole.
• FIGURES 10 A, 10B and 10C a second disconnect embodiment is illustrated.
• This disconnect is intended to work in much the same way that the embodiment of FIGURES 9 A 9B works and thus only the distinctions are discussed here.
• Contact bar 180 is connected to an uphole piece of the pipe and supports actuator pin 182 and contact pins 184.
• Pin 182 includes a wedge 186 which is angled sufficiently to actuate slide 190 through slide pitch 188. Actuation of slide 190 moves it (to the right in the drawing) to align ports 192 with contact receptacles 194 wherein contact pads 196 are disposed and connected to wires 198.
• pins 184 may come into electrical contact with pads 196 (pads 196 are insulated from the metallic tool by insulation 200).
• the length of the pins 182 and 184 is important to the operation of the invention. Upon disconnecting, it is required that the slide 190 be closed (under bias of spring 204) prior to pins 184 pulling free from membrane 202. By so requiring, the breach in the seal of membrane 202 due to the pins 184 being extended therethrough is not able to allow contamination into receptacles 194. Obviously it is intended that slide 190 make sealing contact with the surrounding area. This embodiment is made up in the factory preferably but is also useable in the field because of the ability of pin 182 to actuate slide 190 in a time frame where the pins 184 will protectively be in membrane 202. In yet another embodiment of the invention wherein conductors are aligned and connected.
• FIGURES 11-13 a more schematic view of the invention is illustrated.
• the view does not contain all of the parts of the invention and thus is intended to convey the locations and orientation of the connectors.
• Tool 10 breaks down to a top half (comprising FIGURES 11 and 12) and a bottom half comprising FIGURE 13.
• lower seal adapters 212 (twelve of them on the embodiment shown although more or fewer could be employed) are visible on bottom half (FIGURE 13) and the complementary upper seal adapters 214 (an equal number to the number of lower seal adapters 212).
• Upper seal adapters 214 preferably include a pair of o-rings 270 to fluid tightly seal the lower seal adapters.
• Upper seal adapters 214 are connected to the uphole environment via conduits 218 while at the other end of the connection, lower seal adapters 12 are connected to the downhole environment via conduit 20.
• the conduits 218 and 220 preferably contain fiber optic conductors.
• the mating ends of the conductors are cleaned by preferably a hydraulic fluid which may be applied in a number of ways including adaptations of the embodiments preferably does not include threads between the alignment profile and end connections.
• a profile 224 is a raised area in a predetermined orientation on the anchor sub 226.
• the profile 224 mates with a complementary profile 228 in bottom half (FIGURE 13).
• a box thread 230 is provided to attach the tool to a work string (not shown).
• the box thread 230 is cut in body 232 which extends downhole to threadedly mate with anchor sub 234 at thread 236.
• Body 232 supports, near the uphole end thereof, disc spring retainer cap 238 which is threaded to the O.D. of body 232 at thread 240.
• Cap 238 is further preferably anchored by cap screw 242.
• Cap 238 functions to retain preferably a plurality of disc springs (belleville washers) 244.
• Springs 244 absorb longitudinal movement of upper and lower seal adapters.
• Disc springs 244 are maintained in position at the downhole end by retainer sub 246.
• Sub 246 is annular and is threaded to disc spring adjustment sub 248 at thread 250.
• Upper connector 252 Downhole of attachment sub 248 and radially outwardly of body 232 is upper connector 252.
• Upper connector 252 houses upper seal adapters 214 at the downhole end thereof and a line connector assembly 254 which preferably comprises a pair of ferrules and a jam nut (not individually shown).
• the connector 252 is retained in position on body 232 by shear screw 256 and shoulder screw 258. These latter screws are best viewed in FIGURE 18.
• a plurality of bores 260 are provided in upper connector 252 to receive conduit 218.
• Lower connector 262 (FIGURES 15 and 19) is disposed downhole of upper connector 252 and houses lower seal adapter 212, bore 264 for conduit 220 and a control line connector 260 which comprises a pair of ferrules and a jam nut (not individually shown).
• FIGURE 15 provides a cross section view of the tool which shows the upper and lower seal adapters that were explained previously herein.
• upper seal adapter 214 includes two sets of o-rings 268 and 270. Rings 268 seal upper seal adapter 214 to upper connector 252 while rings 270 seal the lower seal adapter 212 into the upper seal adapter 214 when it is so engaged.
• Lower adapter 212 may be for conventional conductors or fiber optic conductors.
• FIGURE 19 illustrates three of four (212a) in conventional form and one (212b) in fiber optic form .
• sleeve 272 which covers the components of the snap in/snap out feature of the invention (components discussed hereunder).
• Sleeve 272 is connected to seal housing 274 which includes locking dogs 276.
• Seal housing is also threaded at 278 for a body lock ring 280.
• the lock ring 280 is rotationally arrested by roll pin 236.
• Seal housing 274 is sealed to anchor sub 234 by seal stack 281.
• housing 282 Radially outwardly of seal housing 274 (FIGURES 16 and 17) are housing 282 and control line sub 284. Housing 282 includes several seals 286, several screws 288 and a dog receiving profile 290.
• sleeve 272 Radially inwardly of sleeve 272 (FIGURE 16) is the snap in/snap out assembly mentioned above.
• the assembly includes, beginning from the uphole end, a shear ring retainer 292 which is connected to the anchor sub 234 by shear ring 294. Shear ring retainer 292 is also connected to support ring 298 through set screws 296 and thread 300. Support ring 298 supports set down sleeve 302 and is in contact with body lock housing 306.
• Body lock ring housing 306 is connected to body lock ring 304 conventionally and including a set screw 308 to a ⁇ est rotational movement. Body lock ring housing 306 is also threadedly connected to set down sleeve 302 by thread 310.
• Body lock ring housing 306 cannot move up or downhole because of shear screw 312 which engages anchor sub 234.
• Body lock ring housing 306 is connected to latch 314 by parting ring 316 which is a ring having holding profiles 318 to retain the body lock ring housing 306 to latch 314 until a predetermined tensile load is placed thereon which breaks the parting ring 316.
• a pressure line 243 (FIGURE 16) pressurizes a piston area 318 sealed by seals 86.
• shear screw 288 shears and allows housing 282 to move downhole thus locating recess 290 over locking dogs 276 allowing them to move radially outwardly to disengage from anchor sub 234.
• Body lock ring 280 is provided to prevent housing 282 from moving back uphole and reseating the dogs 276.
• the tool upper portion (FIGURES 11 and 12) and lower portion (FIGURE 13) are separable using the snap in/snap out assembly in order to develop a proper space-out for the particular well, the tool may be snapped in/snapped out as many times as necessary until sufficient weight is committed and the anchor sub 234 supports the latch 314. In this latter condition the snap out feature is disabled.
• anchor sub 234 moves downhole through lock ring 304 and is retained in this position until retrieval is necessary or desired.
• a tensile load is placed on the anchor sub which transmits to the body lock ring 304, the parting ring 316 and the latch 314.
• the parting ring fails and the anchor sub 34 moves uphole. This unsupports latch 314 allowing the latch to deflect into recess 320 and the snap out sub is operational.
• Continued tensile load will disengage the upper portion of the tool from the lower portion for retrieval. The process as described can then be repeated with a new or rebuilt upper portion.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
• Cable Accessories (AREA)
• Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=22590626

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (4)

Citations (5)

• 2000
  • 2000-11-03 AU AU71402/00A patent/AU7140200A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-11-03 GB GBGB0026910.0A patent/GB0026910D0/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-11-03 NO NO20005558A patent/NO20005558D0/no unknown
  • 2000-11-06 WO PCT/US2000/030565 patent/WO2001033032A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2000-11-06 CA CA002358288A patent/CA2358288C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-11-06 AU AU14696/01A patent/AU779822B2/en not_active Expired
  • 2000-11-06 GB GB0114072A patent/GB2360881B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-11-06 CA CA002325164A patent/CA2325164A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2001
  • 2001-07-04 NO NO20013320A patent/NO325395B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-08-22 NO NO20074304A patent/NO335867B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events