WO2001032004A1 - Procede et appareil de verification de machines de traite - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de verification de machines de traite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001032004A1
WO2001032004A1 PCT/AU2000/001300 AU0001300W WO0132004A1 WO 2001032004 A1 WO2001032004 A1 WO 2001032004A1 AU 0001300 W AU0001300 W AU 0001300W WO 0132004 A1 WO0132004 A1 WO 0132004A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
teat
chamber
wall
pressure
artificial
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2000/001300
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ian Robert Cocks
Braham Martin Basser
Original Assignee
Creative Product Design Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Creative Product Design Pty Ltd filed Critical Creative Product Design Pty Ltd
Priority to AU11154/01A priority Critical patent/AU1115401A/en
Publication of WO2001032004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001032004A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A01J5/007—Monitoring milking processes; Control or regulation of milking machines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J7/00—Accessories for milking machines or devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the testing of milking machines and, in particular, to the improved testing of milking machines, for example used for milking COWS.
  • Modern dairies are usually equipped with milking machines which, to a large extent, automate the process of milking cows, goats and the like.
  • a milking machine used in such a dairy usually extracts milk from the animal by periodically squeezing the teats of the animal in a manner which simulates hand-milking. The extracted milk is then directed to a central storage tank by means of tubing or similar conduit.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a typical teat-cup assembly in cross-section and manner in which it is attached to the teat of the animal.
  • the teat 1 enters a hole in the top of a rubber liner 3 which is fitted into a rigid plastic or stainless-steel cup 2 (shown in phantom).
  • a volume 7 under the teat 1 is held at a relatively constant vacuum to enable milk entering the liner 3 to be transported to a milk storage tank by tubing 5. Milk is extracted from the teat 1 by alternatively applying, then releasing, pressure to the wall of the teat 1 by introducing a pulsed vacuum supply to a pulsation chamber 6 via a short pulse tube 4.
  • the pulsed-vacuum supply is generated by a pulsator (not shown), which is essentially a two-way valve which connects the pulse tube 4 (and hence the pulsation chamber 6) to either a constant vacuum or air at atmospheric pressure.
  • the pressure applied to the teat 1 is directly controlled by the differential pressure across the liner wall 3. Since the volume 7 located underneath the teat 1 is held at a constant vacuum, therefore when a vacuum is applied to the pulsation chamber 6 the differential pressure across the liner wall 3 is zero and the teat 1 is relaxed.
  • air at atmospheric pressure is admitted to the pulsation chamber 6. This causes the liner wall 3 to collapse over the teat 1, and apply pressure to the teat wall, forcing milk to be expressed from the teat 1.
  • Pressure waveform parameters such as frequency, duty cycle, rate of change and magnitude, as applied to the pulsation chamber 6 are critical to correct operation of the dairy and health of the cow. Incorrect parameters can cause a number of problems including teat health deterioration, prolonged milking times, and cross-infection of cow teats, to name but a few. It is therefore necessary to periodically check that the milking machine operates with the desired pressure waveform parameters. It is the role of a milking machine technician to measure the parameters of the pressure waveform found in the pulsation chamber 6. The measurements are then compared to the parameter values specified for the particular machine. Any discrepancy between the measurements and the specified parameter values may be caused by incorrect adjustment of the machine, or equipment faults for example.
  • Fig. 2 which shows a pulsation tester 8 being attached to the cup 2 by means of hose 9.
  • Hose 10 connects to the pulsator.
  • the milking machine is then started so as to simulate the normal milking operation.
  • the pressure applied to the pulsation chamber 6 is also made available to the analysis instrument or pulsation tester.
  • the analysis instrument or pulsation tester analyses this pressure over time and calculates the parameters of the pressure waveform.
  • apparatus for determining at least the pulsation characteristics of a milking machine, the machine having at least one cup into which a teat of a milking animal is insertable, the apparatus comprising: at least one artificial teat insertable into the one cup, the artificial teat comprising at least a collapsible chamber having a (first) pressure testing port, the chamber being collapsible under negative pressure exerted by the cup when operating; and analysis means arranged to be coupled to the (first) pressure testing port to measure the pressure within the collapsible chamber.
  • the artificial teat further comprises a second pressure testing port configured for sampling a pressure within the cup at a tip of the artificial teat, and the analysis means is configured for coupling to the second port to measure the tip pressure.
  • the artificial teat comprises a non-porous flexible wall shaped and sized like a natural teat and forming the chamber, and a first tube extending through the wall into the chamber to form the first pressure testing port.
  • the artificial teat further comprises a second tube extending therethrough to protrude from the tip at one end thereof and forming the second port at the other end thereof.
  • an artificial teat comprising: a wall defining a substantially hollow collapsible chamber, and shaped to form a base and an apex; a first tubing means hermetically sealed to the wall and extending through the chamber between the base and the apex; and a second tubing means fluidly coupling the chamber to an exterior of the wall.
  • an artificial teat comprising: a wall defining a collapsible chamber, the wall being substantially conical shape with a base and an apex; a first tubing means hermetically sealed against the wall and fluidly coupling the chamber to an exterior of the wall.
  • a method of determining the pulsation and vacuum characteristics of a milking machine comprising the steps of: (a) inserting an artificial teat according to one of the above aspects into a milking cup of the machine; and
  • FIG. 1 depicts the attachment of a prior art teat-cup assembly to an animal teat
  • Fig. 2 schematically depicts the prior art technique of measuring the pressure applied to the pulsation chamber of a teat-cup assembly
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a first arrangement of a artificial teat
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the artificial teat depicted in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 shows a top of the artificial teat depicted in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the insertion of the artificial teat of Fig. 3 into a teat-cup assembly
  • Fig. 7 schematically depicts the method of measuring the pressure in the collapsible chamber of the artificial teat of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a second arrangement of an artificial teat
  • Fig. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the artificial teat of Fig. 8
  • Fig. 10 shows a top of the artificial teat of Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 11 depicts the insertion of the artificial teat of Fig. 8 into a teat-cup assembly
  • Fig. 12 schematically depicts the method of measuring the pressure in the artificial teat depicted in Fig. 8;
  • Fig 13. graphically depicts the pulsation chamber pressure waveform as well as the collapsible chamber pressure waveform;
  • Fig. 14 graphically depicts the pulsation chamber pressure waveform with some of the required parameters indicated.
  • Fig. 15 is a flow diagram of a software processing of the waveform of Fig. 13. Detailed Description Including Best Mode
  • Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show an artificial teat 20 constructed and sized to emulate the teat of a milking dairy cow.
  • the artificial teat 20 is formed of a semi-conically-shaped wall 11 moulded about a rigid elongate vacuum sensing tube 19 which, as best seen in Fig. 4, is centrally located along a longitudinal axis of the teat 20.
  • the wall 11 is moulded and forms at its upper end a base 19 supported by the tube 19.
  • the wall 11 is preferably formed of a non-porous and flexible material such as rubber or silicone.
  • the wall 11 is closed to define a collapsible chamber 15 therewithin and surrounding the tubing 19 at all locations excepting its peripheral ends 12 and 14.
  • the tubing 19 extends the entire length of the artificial teat 20 to protrude at the base so that the open end 14, representing the tip of the teat 20, may be subjected to a relatively constant vacuum pressure applied by the milking machine.
  • a chamber testing tube 13 is also provided to allow access from the exterior of the wall into the chamber 15 for the measurement of the pressure therewithin.
  • Each of the tubing 13 and 19 permit fluid coupling about the teat 20 thereby permitting fluid pressure sensing.
  • Fig. 6 shows the artificial teat 20 inserted into a teat cup 2 of a milking machine. Due to its size and configuration, the artificial teat 20 may be subjected to the same vacuum pressures to which a natural teat is subjected during the milking process. As seen, the opening 14 of the vacuum sensing tube 19 is exposed to pressure applied via the milk outlet tube 5 whereas the artificial teat wall 11 is subjected to pressure applied by the rubber liner 3 exerted by the pulse vacuum supply applied via the tube connection 4.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates how the artificial teat 20 may be used for the testing of the milking machines and appliances.
  • an analysis instrument or pulsation tester 16 is coupled to the artificial teat 20 through tubing 17 and 18 being coupled to the tubing 12 and 13 respectively.
  • the pulsation tester 16 typically includes pressure transducers configured to sense the pressure applied in each of the tubing 17 and 18 and as a consequence, the pressure is applied within the collapsible chamber 15 and at the opening 14 of the artificial teat 20.
  • the transduced pressures may be compared to determine the differential pressure as supplied by the milking apparatus across the teat and thereby whether or not the milking apparatus is operating within its design limits.
  • the artificial teat 20 permits direct insertion into the milking cup 2 for direct sensing the pressures applied by the cup during normal milking operations.
  • the periodic pressure applied to the artificial teat 20 by the rubber lining 3 has the effect of alternately compressing and decompressing air present within the collapsible chamber 15 thus changing the pressure sensed by way of the tubing 13.
  • the constant vacuum within the volume 7 defined by the teat cup is presented to the pulsation tester 16 via the tubing 19 and its coupling to the tubing 17.
  • Fig. 13 shows a typical pulsation chamber waveform Wl and a waveform W2 obtained from the collapsible chamber. It is observed from Fig. 13 that the base unit of pressure is one atmosphere (101.325 kPa) and that the pulsation chamber waveform Wl represents a decrease in pressure (a vacuum) whereas the collapsible chamber waveform is a positive pressure which is seen to have an offset component (P 0ffset ) and variations from the offset arising from the application of the pulsation pressure.
  • P 0ffset offset component
  • the pulsation pressure waveform Wl is based on the zero vacuum atmospheric pressure line (V m j n ) that rises to a maximum vacuum applied which is typically that of a vacuum supply line.
  • the collapsible chamber waveform W2 is positive going and is much lower in magnitude and is not based on the zero pressure line. Both the amplitude and minimum pressure values for the collapsible chamber waveform may vary between installations depending on many factors including the length of the sensing tube used to connect to the pulsation tester, the initial pressure in the chamber, and the compression of the test teat when inserted into the rubber liner 3.
  • Fig. 14 illustrates a pulsation chamber waveform derived from the prior art hose disconnection method of Fig. 2 together with various important points (A, B, C and D) from which readings are normally calculated for analysis of the collapsible chamber waveform.
  • Fig. 15 shows a preferred software method 30 which includes a first step 31 of removing minimum pressure offset value to produce a zero reference pressure value. At step 32, which follows, the result is inverted and at step 33 this is amplified so that the maximum vacuum is that of the below teat pressure.
  • step 34 which finds a 4 kPa point below the maximum threshold.
  • step 35 finds an access points where waveform crosses the thresholds established in step 34.
  • Step 36 then calculates the period of the waveform using the graph crossing points of step 35 and step 37 determines the ratios of the various crossing points as illustrated.
  • Step 38 then calculates the rate of pressure application in cycles and then step 39 displays the results to the milk machine tester. The results are displayed in a manner consistent with the traditional hose disconnection method.
  • Figs. 8, 9 and 10 illustrate an alternative arrangement where an artificial teat 40 is provided that operates in such a manner that the amplitude of the waveform is not detected. This reduces the cost of the tester to the farmer who may wish to purchase such equipment.
  • the artificial teat 40 is formed in a manner similar to the previous embodiment excepting that the vacuum sensing tube 19 is omitted. In its place, the space otherwise occupied by the vacuum sensing tube 19 is positioned a support rod 41 integrally formed with, and of the same material as, the wall 11 of the artificial teat 40.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates how the artificial teat 40 may be used for testing with the teat cup 2
  • Fig. 12 illustrates how the artificial teat 40 is coupled directly to a testing apparatus 16.
  • the amplification stage (step 33 of Fig. 15) is configured to increase the height of the waveform to a fixed reference value (eg. 50 kPa) and the maximum vacuum level would not be displayed.
  • the artificial teat of the described arrangements may be manufactured in a variety of configurations each tailored to the specific parameters required to be measured.
  • the significant advantages of the artificial teat is that it obviates the need for disconnection of any of the tubing normally coupled to the milking cup thus greatly improves the rate at which testing of the milking appliances can be made.
  • the results obtained from the testing utilising the artificial teat are also more representative of the forces being applied to the teat, rather than through the indirect measurement technique of pulsation chamber waveforms.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un appareil comportant au moins un pis artificiel (20) comprenant une chambre souple (15) ayant un premier orifice de vérification de la pression (13). Ladite chambre (15) peut s'aplatir sous l'effet d'une pression négative exercée par un gobelet lorsque la machine fonctionne. Un organe d'analyse est conçu pour être couplé au premier orifice de vérification de la pression (13) de manière à permettre la mesure de la pression au sein de la chambre souple (15). Un second orifice de détection de la pression (12) peut être utilisé pour détecter la pression appliquée sur le pis de l'animal.
PCT/AU2000/001300 1999-11-01 2000-10-23 Procede et appareil de verification de machines de traite WO2001032004A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU11154/01A AU1115401A (en) 1999-11-01 2000-10-23 Milking machine testing method and apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPQ3779A AUPQ377999A0 (en) 1999-11-01 1999-11-01 Milking machine testing method and apparatus
AUPQ3779 1999-11-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001032004A1 true WO2001032004A1 (fr) 2001-05-10

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003009675A1 (fr) * 2001-07-20 2003-02-06 Westfaliasurge Gmbh Dispositif trayeur et un procede de fonctionnement dudit dispositif
RU2492634C1 (ru) * 2012-03-05 2013-09-20 Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт использования техники и нефтепродуктов Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИТиН Россельхозакадемии) Способ измерения давления сосковой резины на сосок при ее смыкании и устройство для его осуществления
RU2616415C1 (ru) * 2016-05-04 2017-04-14 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт использования техники и нефтепродуктов в сельском хозяйстве" (ФГБНУ ВНИИТиН) Устройство для измерения давления сосковой резины на сосок при ее смыкании
US10514316B2 (en) 2015-10-08 2019-12-24 Delaval Holding Ab Diagnostic apparatus and testing method
RU2727358C1 (ru) * 2019-10-22 2020-07-21 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный аграрный университет имени В.Я. Горина" Стенд для имитации работы и испытания датчика потока молока доильного аппарата
CN114424750A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-03 北京楚基伟业科技有限公司 一种多点位脉动监测系统

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SU897180A1 (ru) * 1980-07-23 1982-01-15 Благовещенский сельскохозяйственный институт Устройство дл определени жесткости сосковой резины доильных стаканов
SU1099906A1 (ru) * 1974-01-22 1984-06-30 Кубанский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Сельскохозяйственный Институт Искусственный сосок вымени
SU1355187A1 (ru) * 1985-12-09 1987-11-30 Кубанский сельскохозяйственный институт Искусственный сосок вымени
SU1412671A1 (ru) * 1987-01-07 1988-07-30 Мордовский государственный университет им.Н.П.Огарева Устройство дл диагностики сосковой резины
SU1528399A1 (ru) * 1987-06-15 1989-12-15 Кишиневский Сельскохозяйственный Институт Им.М.В.Фрунзе Устройство дл экспресс-контрол доильных аппаратов
SU1625452A1 (ru) * 1989-02-23 1991-02-07 Оренбургский сельскохозяйственный институт Стенд дл испытани манипул торов доени

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003009675A1 (fr) * 2001-07-20 2003-02-06 Westfaliasurge Gmbh Dispositif trayeur et un procede de fonctionnement dudit dispositif
US6866003B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2005-03-15 Westfaliasurge Gmbh Milking device and method
RU2492634C1 (ru) * 2012-03-05 2013-09-20 Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт использования техники и нефтепродуктов Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИТиН Россельхозакадемии) Способ измерения давления сосковой резины на сосок при ее смыкании и устройство для его осуществления
US10514316B2 (en) 2015-10-08 2019-12-24 Delaval Holding Ab Diagnostic apparatus and testing method
RU2616415C1 (ru) * 2016-05-04 2017-04-14 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт использования техники и нефтепродуктов в сельском хозяйстве" (ФГБНУ ВНИИТиН) Устройство для измерения давления сосковой резины на сосок при ее смыкании
RU2727358C1 (ru) * 2019-10-22 2020-07-21 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный аграрный университет имени В.Я. Горина" Стенд для имитации работы и испытания датчика потока молока доильного аппарата
CN114424750A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-03 北京楚基伟业科技有限公司 一种多点位脉动监测系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AUPQ377999A0 (en) 1999-11-25
AU1115401A (en) 2001-05-14

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