WO2001028732A1 - Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001028732A1
WO2001028732A1 PCT/NO2000/000344 NO0000344W WO0128732A1 WO 2001028732 A1 WO2001028732 A1 WO 2001028732A1 NO 0000344 W NO0000344 W NO 0000344W WO 0128732 A1 WO0128732 A1 WO 0128732A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shoulder
pin
friction stir
welding
members
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2000/000344
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Charles Bersaas
Antonie Oosterkamp
Ljiljana Djapic Oosterkamp
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority to AU79726/00A priority Critical patent/AU7972600A/en
Priority to EP00970327A priority patent/EP1286805A1/en
Publication of WO2001028732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001028732A1/en
Priority to NO20021885A priority patent/NO320749B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new improved method of friction stir welding of members, more particularly to a spot welding method, and furthermore to apparatuses to conduct such method.
  • Friction stir welding is a new friction welding process representing a disruptive welding technology.
  • the principles of the process and applied apparatus disclosed by WO93/10935 are based on a relative cyclic movement between a non- consumable probe of a harder material than the workpieces to be joined and the workpieces. Urging the rotating probe into the assembled adjacent workpieces along their joining line creates a plasticized region in the workpieces due to a generated frictional heat. Thus no heat is generated as in conventional friction stir welding due to a relative motion between the workpieces to be joined.
  • This new welding method having the advantage of solid state bonding, has been successfully implemented on providing plate and profile seam joints not previously feasible and gains increasing popularity for numerous joining applications.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide improved modifications of friction stir welding apparatuses ensuring a substantial keyhole filling during/after the probe's retraction from the joined members.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the novel principle of the improved friction stir welding by means of controlled and variable forces (exercised in the joined-to-be members).
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically in a vertical cross-sectional view a construction principle of the applicable friction stir welding apparatus.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically in a vertical cross-sectional view another variant of the friction stir welding apparatus.
  • the friction stir welding as described in WO93/10935 is incorporated herein by reference to the extent consistent with the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 the principle of the novel friction stir welding based on a shoulder being movable independently of the pin and exercising controlled and variable (down) forces on the pre-assembled joined-to-be members is illustrated schematically as steps 1a-1 e in the basic welding cycle.
  • a motor driven rotating cylindrical pin 1 is mounted in a rotating cylindrical shoulder 2 with the pin being movable along their combined central axis (from hereon denominated z-axis) independently of the shoulder during the welding cycle.
  • the movement of the pin along the z-axis is controlled by an actuator (not shown in the Figure), the actuator being e.g. a milling machine, friction stir welding machine, arm of a welding robot, a hand held machine or any other applicable means.
  • the movement of the shoulder along the z-axis is force controlled during the welding cycle.
  • the shoulder's z-axis rotation velocity and direction can be chosen independently from the pin or be identical.
  • An extra containment shoulder 21 encompassing the shoulder 2 independent of said shoulder's z-axis rotation can be an option to aid refilling of the keyhole.
  • the pin itself can be either smooth, have a modified surface, or have a reverse pitch with regard to its direction of rotation; thus further enhancing the refilling of the keyhole.
  • the basic welding cycle contains the following steps as shown in Figure 1 :
  • Step b Penetration
  • an extra containment shoulder 21 shown schematically co-axially arranged to and enveloping the shoulder 2, is lowered down to the surfaces of members A,B.
  • the function of the containment shoulder 21 is to keep the excessive upcoming material under the shoulder 2 also during the following steps c and d.
  • Step d Retracting
  • Step e illustrates the completion of the welding cycle showing substantially reduced volume of the hole 10 by a simple "plunge/lift” operation of the tool keeping the shoulder under down force.
  • Figure 2 illustrates in a cross-sectional view the apparatus for making friction stir welds with force controlled shoulder and friction stir welded spot welds in a simple form, having the shoulder 2 and pin 1 rotating at the same rotational velocity. The apparatus can also make shoulder down force controlled butt welds.
  • the apparatus comprises conventionally a frame 5 that is mountable at the end of e.g. a robot arm (not shown in the Figure), milling machine, friction stir welding machine or any other applicable means.
  • a hand held variant might also be viable.
  • power source e.g. a motor 4
  • the friction stir weld pin either with or without reversed thread pitch is fixed, thus rotating at motor speed.
  • the shoulder 2 is constructed in such a manner that it has a loose splined fit with tool holder 3 and pin 1 and therefore can slide along the z-axis over the tool holder, while the rotational velocity of the shoulder is identical to that of tool holder and pin.
  • Other means for restriction of the rotational freedom e.g.
  • the shoulder is mounted inside an axial truss bearing 7 which is mounted in a hollow piston 9, the piston being part of a hollow hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, thus ensuring the down force control over the shoulder.
  • Other means of actuation are conceivable/applicable.
  • the frame 5 contains two motors, the top motor 4 having an axle going through the hollow axle of the bottom motor 4' and driving the tool holder 3 through an extension.
  • the shoulder extension in itself forms a hollow axis 8 and can slide in the hollow motor axle 10 with a loose splined fit.
  • the shoulder z-axis rotational degree of freedom is now constricted, effectively making the shoulder rotate with the same velocity as the hollow axle of the bottom motor. Only loose fit between shoulder and tool holder is now present, thus ensuring additionally z-axis rotational degree of freedom between these two.
  • the constraining shoulder can typically for both principles be spring loaded and attached to the cover plate 11 of the piston.
  • An obvious advantage of the independently rotating pin and shoulder is to separate function of heat input from the shoulder and the induced deformation by the pin rotation, which are both a function of their rotational velocity. This means more flexibility and better control with regard to the welding process parameters. Furthermore, the automatic positioning of the shoulder on the welded members will also cope with the thickness variations in the weld members ensuring uniform seam welds of improved quality when applied on butt welded members.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Modified method for friction stir welding process where the shoulder (2) being independently movable of the pin (1) exercises controlled and variable forces on the assembled joined-to-be members so that the down force under retraction of the pin exceeds the plasticity limit of excess material collected under the shoulder.

Description

"Fricition stir spot welding method and apparatus"
The present invention relates to a new improved method of friction stir welding of members, more particularly to a spot welding method, and furthermore to apparatuses to conduct such method.
Friction stir welding is a new friction welding process representing a disruptive welding technology. The principles of the process and applied apparatus disclosed by WO93/10935 are based on a relative cyclic movement between a non- consumable probe of a harder material than the workpieces to be joined and the workpieces. Urging the rotating probe into the assembled adjacent workpieces along their joining line creates a plasticized region in the workpieces due to a generated frictional heat. Thus no heat is generated as in conventional friction stir welding due to a relative motion between the workpieces to be joined. This new welding method, having the advantage of solid state bonding, has been successfully implemented on providing plate and profile seam joints not previously feasible and gains increasing popularity for numerous joining applications.
However, provision of so-called keyholes resulting from retraction of the probe by termination of the welding requiring normally removal of such inadequately filled part of the seam weld represents certain limitations to even broader applications.
Thus, e.g. in spot welding processes being presently extensively applied in robotazing of assembling operations in vehicle building (welding of steel sheets to the supporting structure of the vehicle body), the use of aluminium as sheet material has so far been eliminated due to the low strength joints resulting from classical Al-welding methods (TIG, MIG). Drawbacks linked to the presently known/applied friction stir welding apparatuses - large down load forces on the welded members and presence of keyholes - have so far eliminated possible application of friction stir welding technology in this field.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a novel improved method of friction stir welding providing a weld avoiding the above difficulties connected to the existence of the keyholes.
Another object of the present invention is to provide improved modifications of friction stir welding apparatuses ensuring a substantial keyhole filling during/after the probe's retraction from the joined members.
These and other objects are met by provision of a novel modified friction stir welding method and novel apparatus as defined in the attached patent claims 1 and 4, respectively.
Other objects, specific features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the apparatus and the mode of operation according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, Figs. 1 -3, where
Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the novel principle of the improved friction stir welding by means of controlled and variable forces (exercised in the joined-to-be members).
Fig. 2 shows schematically in a vertical cross-sectional view a construction principle of the applicable friction stir welding apparatus.
Fig. 3 shows schematically in a vertical cross-sectional view another variant of the friction stir welding apparatus. The friction stir welding as described in WO93/10935 is incorporated herein by reference to the extent consistent with the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 , the principle of the novel friction stir welding based on a shoulder being movable independently of the pin and exercising controlled and variable (down) forces on the pre-assembled joined-to-be members is illustrated schematically as steps 1a-1 e in the basic welding cycle.
A motor driven rotating cylindrical pin 1 is mounted in a rotating cylindrical shoulder 2 with the pin being movable along their combined central axis (from hereon denominated z-axis) independently of the shoulder during the welding cycle. The movement of the pin along the z-axis is controlled by an actuator (not shown in the Figure), the actuator being e.g. a milling machine, friction stir welding machine, arm of a welding robot, a hand held machine or any other applicable means. The movement of the shoulder along the z-axis is force controlled during the welding cycle. The shoulder's z-axis rotation velocity and direction can be chosen independently from the pin or be identical. An extra containment shoulder 21 encompassing the shoulder 2 independent of said shoulder's z-axis rotation can be an option to aid refilling of the keyhole. The pin itself can be either smooth, have a modified surface, or have a reverse pitch with regard to its direction of rotation; thus further enhancing the refilling of the keyhole.
The basic welding cycle contains the following steps as shown in Figure 1 :
Step a Initial contact
The rotating pin 1 is brought in contact with the to be welded members A,B, and a positive down force F1 is applied on the shoulder to get it in contact with the to be welded members. The pressure exerted by the shoulder is chosen to be less than the yield strength of the to be welded material. The shoulder can optionally rotate to give additional heat input to aid the plasticizing process. Step b: Penetration
While the down force F1 on the shoulder is maintained (or eventually reduced), the rotating pin is moved into the to be welded components. Optionally an extra containment shoulder 21 , shown schematically co-axially arranged to and enveloping the shoulder 2, is lowered down to the surfaces of members A,B. The function of the containment shoulder 21 is to keep the excessive upcoming material under the shoulder 2 also during the following steps c and d.
Step c: Initial welding
While the down force F1 on the shoulder is maintained (or eventually reduced), penetration of the pin continues until the full penetration depth has been reached. In this step initial solid state bonding between the two components takes place. The material displaced by the pin is in this step moved upwards and collects under the shoulder, while the relative (vertical) position of the shoulder is dependent on/adapted to the actual amount/volume of the displaced material by the pin 1.
Step d: Retracting
While the pin is retracted, the down force on the shoulder F1 is increased to such an extent that the plasticity limits of the excessive material under the shoulder is exceeded. This will lead to back extrusion of excessive material along the perimeter of the pin into the gap occurring under the pin while retracting. This back extruded material is integrally bonded in the gap under the pin due to the deformation exerted on it by the rotating pin, effectively leaving a plugged up hole containing solid state bonded material when the retraction is complete. Thus the welding operation is accomplished without any lateral translation movement of the shoulder.
Step e illustrates the completion of the welding cycle showing substantially reduced volume of the hole 10 by a simple "plunge/lift" operation of the tool keeping the shoulder under down force. Figure 2 illustrates in a cross-sectional view the apparatus for making friction stir welds with force controlled shoulder and friction stir welded spot welds in a simple form, having the shoulder 2 and pin 1 rotating at the same rotational velocity. The apparatus can also make shoulder down force controlled butt welds.
This "automatic" positioning of the shoulder on the surfaces of the joined-to-be members is possible due to the fact that no special positioning means are applied/ necessary according to the novel inventive construction principle of the tool.
The apparatus comprises conventionally a frame 5 that is mountable at the end of e.g. a robot arm (not shown in the Figure), milling machine, friction stir welding machine or any other applicable means. A hand held variant might also be viable. In the frame 5 power source, e.g. a motor 4, is mounted which axle is driving a tool holder 3. The friction stir weld pin, either with or without reversed thread pitch is fixed, thus rotating at motor speed. The shoulder 2 is constructed in such a manner that it has a loose splined fit with tool holder 3 and pin 1 and therefore can slide along the z-axis over the tool holder, while the rotational velocity of the shoulder is identical to that of tool holder and pin. Other means for restriction of the rotational freedom, e.g. a keyway solution, are also applicable. The shoulder is mounted inside an axial truss bearing 7 which is mounted in a hollow piston 9, the piston being part of a hollow hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, thus ensuring the down force control over the shoulder. Other means of actuation are conceivable/applicable.
An alternative construction apparatus having independently rotating pin and shoulder is shown in Figure 3.
In this case the frame 5 contains two motors, the top motor 4 having an axle going through the hollow axle of the bottom motor 4' and driving the tool holder 3 through an extension. The shoulder extension in itself forms a hollow axis 8 and can slide in the hollow motor axle 10 with a loose splined fit. The shoulder z-axis rotational degree of freedom is now constricted, effectively making the shoulder rotate with the same velocity as the hollow axle of the bottom motor. Only loose fit between shoulder and tool holder is now present, thus ensuring additionally z-axis rotational degree of freedom between these two. The constraining shoulder can typically for both principles be spring loaded and attached to the cover plate 11 of the piston.
An obvious advantage of the independently rotating pin and shoulder is to separate function of heat input from the shoulder and the induced deformation by the pin rotation, which are both a function of their rotational velocity. This means more flexibility and better control with regard to the welding process parameters. Furthermore, the automatic positioning of the shoulder on the welded members will also cope with the thickness variations in the weld members ensuring uniform seam welds of improved quality when applied on butt welded members.
Other technical solutions to obtain independent z-axis rotational direction and velocity between pin and shoulder are possible within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claims
1. Welding method for spot joining of assembled members, characterized in that the welding is conducted by a friction stir welding process applying shoulder and rotating pin where the shoulder is movable independently of the pin and exercises controlled predetermined and variable forces on the assembled joined-to-be members, wherein the down force on the shoulder under retraction of the pin exceeds the plasticity limit of excessive welded material collected under the shoulder, thereby forcing thus plasticized material downward under retraction of the pin.
2. Welding method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the shoulder and the pin rotate independently of each other.
3. Welding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow of the plasticized material is additionally controlled by the pin surface configuration adapted for reverse flow and compacting of the plasticized material.
4. Modified apparatus for friction stir welding comprising a shoulder (2) and rotating pin (1), the shoulder being provided with means (9) to exercise controlled and variable down forces F1 on the assembled joined-to-be members (A,B).
5. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the pin (1) and the shoulder (2) are provided with separate power sources (4,4') ensuring their independent rotation. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a containment shoulder (21) is co-axially arranged enveloping the shoulder (2).
PCT/NO2000/000344 1999-10-19 2000-10-18 Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus WO2001028732A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU79726/00A AU7972600A (en) 1999-10-19 2000-10-18 Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus
EP00970327A EP1286805A1 (en) 1999-10-19 2000-10-18 Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus
NO20021885A NO320749B1 (en) 2000-10-18 2002-04-19 Method and apparatus for spot welding

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO19995093 1999-10-19
NO995093A NO995093D0 (en) 1999-10-19 1999-10-19 Method and apparatus for spot welding

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001028732A1 true WO2001028732A1 (en) 2001-04-26

Family

ID=19903879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2000/000344 WO2001028732A1 (en) 1999-10-19 2000-10-18 Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1286805A1 (en)
AU (1) AU7972600A (en)
NO (1) NO995093D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2001028732A1 (en)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001083154A2 (en) * 2000-05-01 2001-11-08 General Tool Company Friction stir welding machine and method
EP1153694A2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
WO2003033198A1 (en) 2001-10-17 2003-04-24 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Frictional agitating connection device and robot with the device
US6601751B2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-08-05 Mazda Motor Corporation Method and apparatus for joining
US6732900B2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2004-05-11 Mts Systems Corporation Friction stir welding spindle with axially displaceable spindle shaft
EP1514632A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-16 The Boeing Company Apparatus and method for friction stir welding with a variable speed pin
WO2006081153A1 (en) 2005-01-24 2006-08-03 The Boeing Company Friction stir welding apparatus
DE102005019758A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for joining at least two components made of dissimilar materials
DE102005029882A1 (en) * 2005-06-27 2006-12-28 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Friction stir welding apparatus includes first inner segment surrounding a pin and having first friction surface segment surrounding the first inner segment and rotationally driven independently of the first inner segment
EP1884308A1 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-06 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Method of friction stir welding together dissimilar metal members with a double acting rotary tool for filling of the hole created by the probe
WO2009109668A1 (en) 2008-03-03 2009-09-11 Fundacion Fatronik Machine-tool for friction stir welding
WO2011113719A2 (en) 2010-03-15 2011-09-22 L'oreal Composition comprising a dibenzoylmethane screening agent and a merocyanine dicyano or cyanoacetate derivative; method for the photostabilization of the dibenzoylmethane screening agent
WO2011113718A1 (en) 2010-03-15 2011-09-22 L'oreal Composition containing a dibenzoylmethane screening agent and a hydrophilic or water-soluble merocyanin uv-screening agent; process for photostabilizing the dibenzoylmethane screening agent
CN102319952A (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-01-18 兰州理工大学 Spot welding method and device for light alloy-steel key-free hole stirring friction
US8141859B2 (en) 2007-11-02 2012-03-27 The Boeing Company Apparatus and method for effecting pin-to-shoulder tool separation for a friction stir welding pin tool
DE102011111750B3 (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-12-13 Technische Universität München Friction friction welding device and method for joining workpieces by means of a friction stir welding process
US8434660B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2013-05-07 The Boeing Company Method for friction stir welding using spindle-in-spindle
EP2596898A1 (en) 2011-11-25 2013-05-29 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH Friction welding tool with a self-clamping device
US20140069985A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2014-03-13 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US20140069986A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2014-03-13 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
CN103801817A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-21 上海航天设备制造总厂 Double-speed rotating stirring tool for thick plate welding
US20170297142A1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2017-10-19 Ihi Corporation Friction stir welding method
US9915046B2 (en) 2015-12-15 2018-03-13 HFW Solutions, Inc. Self alignment structure for applications joining extruded members
EP3235585A4 (en) * 2014-12-15 2018-08-08 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US11084121B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2021-08-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Double-acting friction stir spot welding method and apparatus
JP2021164943A (en) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-14 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Friction stir joining method for aluminum alloy plate and steel plate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993010935A1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-10 The Welding Institute Improvements relating to friction welding
DE19630271A1 (en) * 1996-07-26 1998-04-23 Burkhardt Dr Suthoff Method for connecting a plasticizable workpiece to another workpiece
EP0867254A1 (en) * 1997-03-25 1998-09-30 Showa Aluminum Corporation Friction welding method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993010935A1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-10 The Welding Institute Improvements relating to friction welding
DE19630271A1 (en) * 1996-07-26 1998-04-23 Burkhardt Dr Suthoff Method for connecting a plasticizable workpiece to another workpiece
EP0867254A1 (en) * 1997-03-25 1998-09-30 Showa Aluminum Corporation Friction welding method

Cited By (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6601751B2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-08-05 Mazda Motor Corporation Method and apparatus for joining
US6742696B2 (en) 2000-05-01 2004-06-01 General Tool Company Friction stir welding machine
WO2001083154A3 (en) * 2000-05-01 2002-03-28 Gen Tool Company Friction stir welding machine and method
WO2001083154A2 (en) * 2000-05-01 2001-11-08 General Tool Company Friction stir welding machine and method
EP1153694A2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
EP1153694A3 (en) * 2000-05-08 2002-06-19 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
US6832713B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2004-12-21 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Spot joining method and spot joining device
WO2003033198A1 (en) 2001-10-17 2003-04-24 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Frictional agitating connection device and robot with the device
US7575145B2 (en) 2001-10-17 2009-08-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir welding apparatus and robot employing the apparatus
US7370784B2 (en) * 2001-10-17 2008-05-13 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir welding apparatus and robot employing the apparatus
US6732900B2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2004-05-11 Mts Systems Corporation Friction stir welding spindle with axially displaceable spindle shaft
EP1514632A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-16 The Boeing Company Apparatus and method for friction stir welding with a variable speed pin
US6913186B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2005-07-05 The Boeing Company Apparatus and method for friction stir welding with a variable speed pin
CN1313238C (en) * 2003-09-11 2007-05-02 波音公司 Apparatus and method for friction stir welding with a variable speed pin
US8662372B2 (en) 2004-11-17 2014-03-04 The Boeing Company Apparatus for friction stir welding using spindle-in-spindle
WO2006081153A1 (en) 2005-01-24 2006-08-03 The Boeing Company Friction stir welding apparatus
US8434660B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2013-05-07 The Boeing Company Method for friction stir welding using spindle-in-spindle
DE102005019758A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for joining at least two components made of dissimilar materials
EP1849552A2 (en) * 2005-04-28 2007-10-31 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH Device for connecting at least two components made of different materials with a pin having at least one formed member built as a cutting element
EP1849552A3 (en) * 2005-04-28 2007-11-07 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH Device for connecting at least two components made of different materials with a pin having at least one formed member built as a cutting element
DE102005019758B4 (en) * 2005-04-28 2007-12-13 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh Method and apparatus for joining at least two components made of dissimilar materials
EP1716959A3 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-12-06 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH Process of and devices for friction stir welding of at least two Workpieces of different materials with a slidable pin and current passing through the workpieces
JP2007007729A (en) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-18 Gkss Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Apparatus for friction stir welding
EP1738856A1 (en) 2005-06-27 2007-01-03 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Tool and method of friction stir welding with a supplementary friction surface segment independently rotatable with respect to a inner segment of the tool
DE102005029882A1 (en) * 2005-06-27 2006-12-28 Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Friction stir welding apparatus includes first inner segment surrounding a pin and having first friction surface segment surrounding the first inner segment and rotationally driven independently of the first inner segment
EP1884308A1 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-06 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Method of friction stir welding together dissimilar metal members with a double acting rotary tool for filling of the hole created by the probe
US8141859B2 (en) 2007-11-02 2012-03-27 The Boeing Company Apparatus and method for effecting pin-to-shoulder tool separation for a friction stir welding pin tool
WO2009109668A1 (en) 2008-03-03 2009-09-11 Fundacion Fatronik Machine-tool for friction stir welding
WO2011113718A1 (en) 2010-03-15 2011-09-22 L'oreal Composition containing a dibenzoylmethane screening agent and a hydrophilic or water-soluble merocyanin uv-screening agent; process for photostabilizing the dibenzoylmethane screening agent
WO2011113719A2 (en) 2010-03-15 2011-09-22 L'oreal Composition comprising a dibenzoylmethane screening agent and a merocyanine dicyano or cyanoacetate derivative; method for the photostabilization of the dibenzoylmethane screening agent
US9095926B2 (en) * 2011-03-18 2015-08-04 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US20140069985A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2014-03-13 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US20140069986A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2014-03-13 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
EP2687314A4 (en) * 2011-03-18 2016-04-20 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US9314870B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2016-04-19 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US8950650B2 (en) * 2011-03-18 2015-02-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
CN102319952A (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-01-18 兰州理工大学 Spot welding method and device for light alloy-steel key-free hole stirring friction
US9132505B2 (en) 2011-08-24 2015-09-15 Technische Universität München Friction stir welding apparatus and method for joining workpieces by means of a sliding element
DE102011111750B3 (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-12-13 Technische Universität München Friction friction welding device and method for joining workpieces by means of a friction stir welding process
US8714431B2 (en) 2011-11-25 2014-05-06 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material—und Küstenforschung GmbH Friction stir welding tool
EP2596898A1 (en) 2011-11-25 2013-05-29 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH Friction welding tool with a self-clamping device
CN103801817A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-21 上海航天设备制造总厂 Double-speed rotating stirring tool for thick plate welding
EP3235585A4 (en) * 2014-12-15 2018-08-08 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method
US10293431B2 (en) 2014-12-15 2019-05-21 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Friction stir spot welding apparatus and friction stir spot welding method
US20170297142A1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2017-10-19 Ihi Corporation Friction stir welding method
US9915046B2 (en) 2015-12-15 2018-03-13 HFW Solutions, Inc. Self alignment structure for applications joining extruded members
US11084121B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2021-08-10 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Double-acting friction stir spot welding method and apparatus
JP2021164943A (en) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-14 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Friction stir joining method for aluminum alloy plate and steel plate
JP7173081B2 (en) 2020-04-08 2022-11-16 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Friction stir welding method for aluminum alloy plate and steel plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO995093D0 (en) 1999-10-19
AU7972600A (en) 2001-04-30
EP1286805A1 (en) 2003-03-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2001028732A1 (en) Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus
JP3400409B2 (en) Joining method and joining device
JP3429475B2 (en) Spot joining apparatus and spot joining method
US8757468B1 (en) Counter-rotating spindle for friction stir welding
US6722556B2 (en) Method and device for joining at least two adjoining work pieces by friction welding
JP4986532B2 (en) Friction stir welding method
EP1415752B1 (en) Method and use of a device for friction agitation welding
US3973715A (en) Friction welding
EP1769876B1 (en) Friction stir spot welding method and apparatus with an holding member having a restriction portion
JP4050478B2 (en) Processing control method using friction stirring, computer program for executing the method, and storage medium storing the computer program
JP4479416B2 (en) Friction spot welding method and apparatus
CN201841358U (en) Multifunctional friction welding table
WO2015068428A1 (en) Friction stir welding method
KR102226907B1 (en) Friction spot welding appartus
JP2007160342A (en) Friction spot welding method and friction spot welding structure
JP2021062409A (en) Friction stir spot joining apparatus and method of operating the same
CA2561053C (en) Friction stir welding tool with counterbearing for mounting on a handling device
JP4430322B2 (en) Spot welding apparatus and spot welding method
WO2020218444A1 (en) Friction-stir point joining device and operation method for same
JP4536992B2 (en) Spot bonding method
EP1286804A1 (en) Modified friction stir welding method and apparatus
JP2020082193A (en) Friction bit joining system and method
KR102393251B1 (en) Tool for refill friction stir spot weld
CN218946621U (en) Welding type winding roller rotating clamp
WO2021002211A1 (en) Joining system, and method for operating same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2000970327

Country of ref document: EP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2000970327

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 2000970327

Country of ref document: EP