WO2001022565A1 - Procede de generation electrostatique - Google Patents

Procede de generation electrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001022565A1
WO2001022565A1 PCT/JP1999/006349 JP9906349W WO0122565A1 WO 2001022565 A1 WO2001022565 A1 WO 2001022565A1 JP 9906349 W JP9906349 W JP 9906349W WO 0122565 A1 WO0122565 A1 WO 0122565A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric field
electrode
charge
counter electrode
field forming
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Application number
PCT/JP1999/006349
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsuo Sakai
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Katsuo Sakai
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Application filed by Katsuo Sakai filed Critical Katsuo Sakai
Publication of WO2001022565A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001022565A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
    • H02N1/06—Influence generators

Definitions

  • the distance between the charge generation point and the charge collection point is very short, and the conductive fine particles also serve as a corona discharge point and a charge transporting material, and the electric field formed for corona discharge is charged by coronaion.
  • the present invention relates to an electrostatic power generation method for transporting conductive fine particles from a charge generation position to a charge collection electrode.
  • FIG. 1 (Electrical Engineering Pocketbook (4th edition), edited by The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Ohmsha R1124) outlines the Van der Graaff electrostatic generator.
  • a discharge electrode 1 is a needle-like electrode having a sharpened tip, and is arranged, for example, at a pitch of 0.01 m along the width of the insulating belt 3.
  • the distance between the needle electrode 1 and the insulating belt 3 is usually about 0.01 m. (It looks like they are touching but they are far apart.)
  • the ion supply power supply 2 is a normal DC high-voltage power supply. Any power supply that is not specially made for supplying ions, and that can generate a voltage of 4 kV or more and pass a current of about 1 mA is OK.
  • the mechanism is briefly introduced because it is directly related to the present invention.
  • the air layer is composed of 80% of nitrogen molecules and 20% of oxygen molecules, in which positive and negative ions and electrons generated by the cosmic ray are present.
  • the number is 1 cubic.
  • the two electrons are further accelerated by the electric field to increase their kinetic energy, travel an average of 0.34 * 10, collide with another two oxygen molecules, and strike two more electrons. These four electrons are further 0.34 * 10- 6 m traveling collides becomes 8 electrons
  • the positively charged insulating belt 3 to which positive ions are attached is mechanically moved by the driving pulley 13 to the collector electrode (4 in FIG. 1).
  • a roller is formed between the positive charge on the insulating belt 3 and the collector electrode 4.
  • a positive discharge occurs on the belt and positive charges on the belt move to the collector electrode 4.
  • the above is the power generation mechanism of the Van de Graaff electrostatic generator.
  • the advantage of the electrostatic generator is that a high voltage can be obtained, but the device is large (several meters in height) despite the small current that can be obtained as a general power supply, and many external devices are required for belt conveyance.
  • a major drawback is that it requires energy. Also, it is very difficult to recover 100% of the charge on the insulator, so this charge transport and recovery method is also disadvantageous.
  • electrostatic power generation method a large amount of insulating fine powder is circulated in a pipe by a blower, charged by corona discharge, and the electric charge is recovered by corona discharge.
  • the powder is much lighter than the belt, but the air inside the pipe is moved to transport the powder, so there is little effect on reducing the driving energy.
  • electrostatic power generation method using conductive water droplets instead of the insulating belt powder as the charge carrier in order to easily recover 100% of the electric charge. (Refer to the “Electrostatic Handbook (1989 edition, 6.52)”.) Electric charges on dielectrics can hardly be recovered by contact with grounded metal. Power contained in conductors such as water droplets is grounded. 100% can be recovered immediately when the metal is brought into contact.
  • a conductive powder (particle) which does not have the drawbacks of the conventional electrostatic power generation method and which can be reused without any regenerating means is used as a charge carrier, and only the conductive powder is transported.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic power generation method in which the charge generation position and the charge collection position are close to each other by using the conductive powder itself as the charge carrier as one corona discharge electrode. Disclosure of the invention
  • an electric field close to, but less than, the corona discharge initiation electric field is formed between the electret film and the grounded counter electrode, and the conductive particles are brought close to the counter electrode to start the corona discharge between them.
  • a corona discharge is generated during this period, and the conductive particles charged with the generated corona ions are used to charge the conductive particles charged with the corona ions by using an electrostatic force acting on the particles by the electric field between the electret film and the counter electrode. Since the carrier is transported to the carrier, the charge can be easily collected, and the electrostatic power generation method does not require external energy for carrying the carrier.
  • the present invention provides a small-sized electrostatic power generator that can continuously and repeatedly use conductive particles by continuously performing the above-described new electrostatic power generation method at short intervals and making the circuit go round. Can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a van de Graaff electrostatic generator
  • Fig. 2 is a drawing for calculating the electric field between the conductive prism and the grounded counter electrode
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram calculating the electric field between the conductive prism and the ground.
  • FIG. 4 is a drawing showing the calculated electric field between the counter electrodes
  • FIG. 4 is a drawing showing the estimated electric field between the conductive sphere and the grounded counter electrode estimated based on the calculated electric field
  • FIG. FIG. 6 is another drawing showing the calculated electric field between the sexual prism and the grounded counter electrode
  • FIG. 6 shows the estimated electric field between the conductive sphere and the grounded counter electrode estimated based on the calculated electric field.
  • Figure 7 shows the positive and negative charges induced in a conductive sphere near the counter electrode and its mirror.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing image charge
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a charge distribution of a conductive sphere charged with corona charge after corona discharge
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a conductive sphere charged with corona charge after corona discharge.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the charge distribution of only the corona charge of FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gap between the conductive sphere and the counter electrode and the charge amount QZ m of the conductive sphere. The figure shows the relationship between the diameter of the conductive sphere and the amount of charge Q / m.
  • Fig. 12 is an electrode layout when the charged conductive sphere is transported to the charge collection electrode by electrostatic force.
  • Fig. 13 shows the calculation results of the maximum speed, landing speed, and arrival time when the charge amount QZni changes
  • Fig. 14 shows the conductive sphere that passed between the electric field forming electrodes as the charge recovery electrode.
  • Fig. 15 is a front view of an electrostatic power generation cell that circulates by changing the route to the destination.
  • Fig. 16 is a model diagram of the charge distribution during use.
  • Fig. 16 is a front view of a cell that transfers a charged conductive sphere to a course change plate and transports it to a vertical charge collection electrode.
  • Fig. 18 is a front view of a cell that transfers the conductive ball to the plane charge collecting electrode by applying the conductive ball to the course change plate, and Fig.
  • FIG. 18 is a front view of an electrostatic power generation cell with a narrow counter electrode and no electric field adjustment electrode.
  • FIG. 19 is a front view of the electrostatic power generation cell with the electrostatic power generation cell shown in FIG. 18 laid down, and
  • FIG. 20 is the electrostatic power generation cell shown in FIG. It is a power generation model figure of an electrostatic generator.
  • conductive spherical particles having a uniform diameter are used as a charge-generating member and a charge-transporting member, and are brought close to a counter electrode so that an electric field therebetween is equal to or greater than a corona discharge electric field, thereby generating a corona discharge therebetween. . Therefore, we first calculated this electric field.
  • the calculation of the electric field above the conductive particles placed on one electrode between the parallel plate electrodes is described in the Electrostatic Handbook, the calculation of the electric field below that, especially when there is no contact, is described. Has not been reported before. Therefore, we newly calculated the electric field.
  • the actual calculation is to apply +1000 V to the upper electrode (hereinafter referred to as the electric field forming electrode) 8 of two flat electrodes 500 * 10 "3 ⁇ 41 apart, and to ground the lower electrode (hereinafter referred to as the counter electrode) 7 , and one side of the counter electrode 7 is 10 * 10- 6 m from 100 * 10- 6 m of the conductive prismatic 9 5 * 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ from release 100 * 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ , from the counter electrode 7 2.5 * 10 "3 ⁇ 41 We calculated the electric field in the space above.
  • FIG. 3 shows the electric field calculated by the above-mentioned calculation method based on it.
  • the estimated electric field between the sex sphere 10 and the counter electrode 7 is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the conductive prism 9 when the distance is fixed to 10 * 10 "3 ⁇ 41 and the length of the side of the conductive prism 9 is changed.
  • the calculated electric field between the counter electrode 7 is shown in Fig. 5, and the estimated electric field between the conductive sphere 10 and the counter electrode 7 is shown in Fig. 6. From Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, when the sides of the prism 9 have the same length, the gap (gap It can be seen that the electric field becomes larger when the side is longer and the side is longer when the interval (gap) is constant.
  • the electric field between the sphere and the flat plate estimated based on this calculation result is narrower if the diameter is the same, and if the distance (gap) is equal, the diameter is smaller. Is larger, the electric field is larger.
  • the problem is the initial electric field and the electric field when corona discharge ends.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show the charge per unit mass Q / m obtained by dividing the corona discharge charge calculated by this method by the mass of the conductive sphere. Fig. 10.
  • FIGS. 1-7 when the charge amount QZm gaps 10 * 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ fixed FIGS. 1-7 it can be seen that maximized when the diameter is 30 * 10- 6 m or 40 * 10- 6 m Noto. Looking at Fig. 4, the larger the diameter of the conductive sphere, the larger the electric field immediately below it. The area where corona discharge occurs should also increase in proportion to the square of the diameter. However, since the mass increases in proportion to the cube of the diameter, the charge per unit mass Q / m is conversely reduced. The specific gravity of the conductive sphere was set to 1.0 assuming that a polymer material was used as described below.
  • the two electrodes were placed at 500 * 10 "3 ⁇ 41 with the counter electrode 7 with many holes in the polyimide layer 1 underneath and the electric field forming electrode 8 overcoated with a non-porous polyimide layer on top.
  • the conductive spheres 10 were placed on the counter electrode 7 so that they fit in separate holes, and the counter electrode 7 was grounded and +1000 V was applied to the electric field forming electrode 8. All 30 * 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ conductive spheres 10 instantly landed on the electric field forming electrode 8.
  • the conductive sphere 10 of an appropriate size was used as a corona discharge generating member and a charge transporting member.
  • the next problem was how to transport it to the charge recovery electrode 14. I do. In this regard, I came up with a good idea while shooting the above experiment with a high-speed camera and watching the video.
  • the charge recovery electrode 14 should be placed above this.
  • the charge recovery electrode 14 was placed at a position 500 * 10 ⁇ * ⁇ above the electric field forming electrode 8 and grounded with a capacitor interposed. When the charged conductive sphere 10 reaches here, the charge moves to the collecting electrode 14 and is stored in the capacitor.
  • simulation results show that the charge can reach the charge recovery electrode 14 at a charge amount of -10 ⁇ C / g or more and -20 // C / g or less, and fly below -8 / x C / g but reach the charge recovery electrode 14. It was found that it could not be reached, and that it was impossible to fly at -22 ⁇ C / g or more because the mirror image was too strong. Also, when it can fly and reach the charge recovery electrode 14, the more
  • the voltage applied to the electric field adjusting electrode 12 may be +1300 V instead of +1500 V, and the interval of the slit 13 may be increased from 100 * 10 6 ⁇ to 200 * l (T 6 m. It has reached the flying recovered electrode 1 4 no. also widen the field forming electrode 8 and the field control electrodes 1 2 from 150 * 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ to 300 * 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ , also horizontal gap therebetween the it was also OK to expand from 0.0 * 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ to 150 * 10- 6 m.
  • the charge recovery electrodes 14 were arranged obliquely as shown in the figure.
  • the conductive sphere 10 that has been charged and flies collides with the oblique charge collecting electrode 14 and repels at the same time as releasing the electric charge. Further, it collides with the course change plate 20 at the right corner and rebounds. The speed of the slide is reduced by hitting the slide 21, and the slide 21 can slide down the slide 21 to fit in the slit of the center spacer layer 11.
  • the charged conductive sphere 10 may not travel straight and may be deflected left or right to hit the left and right electric field forming electrodes 8 without being able to pass through the slit 13.
  • a thin insulating film may be placed from the counter electrode 7 to the electric field forming electrode 8. In this case, isolated conductive islands are formed in this plastic film so that the charged conductive spheres 10 do not collide here.
  • the charge Q / m of the conductive sphere 10 after flying from the counter electrode 7 was separately measured-18 // C / g, and the charge after collision with the charge collection electrode 14 was 0.0 / i C / g.
  • each electrode was 0.01 m, and 250 000 (0.165 mg) conductive balls 10 having a diameter of SCmC ⁇ m were placed in the electrostatic power generation cell.
  • a capacitor was inserted between the capacitors and the upper limit potential of the capacitor was set to -24V using a varistor, a current of -1.2 ⁇ m was always obtained with a voltage of -24V.
  • Example 1 instead of the electric field forming electrode 8 and the electric field adjusting electrode 12, an electret film that gives a potential of +1000 V and +1500 V was placed at that position, and a voltage of ⁇ 24 V was also used.
  • An electret film that gives a potential of +1000 V and +1500 V was placed at that position, and a voltage of ⁇ 24 V was also used.
  • the embodiments described with electrodes can be similarly implemented with an electret, and the embodiments described with an electret can be similarly performed with electrodes, even if not specifically described.
  • Example 3
  • Example 3 when the varistor was removed and the potential limit of the capacitor 1 was removed, when the potential of the capacitor reached 220 V, the conductive sphere 10 stopped flying and the current flowing through the charge recovery electrode 14 became zero.
  • the potential of the counter electrode 7 Since the potential of the counter electrode 7 has risen to +220 V, the potential difference between the
  • Example 2 when the pressure in the cell was reduced from 1013 mb to 700 mb, the potential of the electric field forming electret 8 was reduced from +1000 V to +600 V, and the potential of the electric field adjusting electret 12 was reduced from +1500 V to +900 V. A current of -1.2 ⁇ m was always obtained with a voltage of -24 V.
  • the decrease in air pressure increases the mean free path of electrons, and provides the kinetic energy required to strike new electrons out of a low electric field when it collides with oxygen molecules. It is because.
  • any material having an appropriate electric resistance can be used, not necessarily a polyimide containing a titanium oxide filler. It is OK if the injection of charge from the counter electrode 7 to the spacer layer 11 and the injection of positive charge from the conductive sphere 10 to the spacer layer 11 can be prevented only for a short period of time during which corona discharge occurs. It is. After that, it is only necessary that the positive charges adhering to the slit wall can leak naturally over a relatively long time.
  • Example 6 when the conductive layer was placed directly on the smoother layer 11 having a smooth thickness of 5 * 10 6 m, the slit of the smoother layer 11 was eliminated. A current could be obtained. As can be seen in Fig. 21, the portion between the conductive sphere 10 and the counter electrode 7 where the electric field is strongest and where corona discharge is most likely to occur is occupied by the solid spacer layer 11, so no corona discharge occurs. It is probable that the corona discharge occurred only within a range of 5 * 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ —20 * 10- 6 m from the center where the electric field was relatively weak, and so the current was reduced.
  • the absence of slits is advantageous in that the manufacturing method is simpler and that it can be made cheaper.
  • the spacer layer 11 can be eliminated and the sphere can be directly mounted on the counter electrode 7.
  • the dielectric constant is sufficiently high, the electric field between the counter electrode 7 and the conductive sphere 10 is strengthened as in the case of the conductive sphere 10, and corona discharge can occur to charge and fly. Efficiency is poor, because almost no charge can be recovered by just using it.
  • +1500 V is applied to the electric field forming electrode 8
  • the shield electrode 16 and the counter electrode 7 are grounded
  • -24 V is applied to the charge recovery electrode 14.
  • This configuration has an advantage that the electric field adjusting electrode (electret) 12 and the slit 13 between the electric field forming electrodes are unnecessary as compared with the first to eighth embodiments.
  • a route changing plate 15 is provided at a position where the slit 13 of the electric field forming electrode 8 has passed through, and the collision recovery is performed.
  • a way to reach 14 is also conceivable.
  • Fig. 17 shows a front view of the experimental device in which two electrostatic power generation cells are connected side by side.
  • +1400 V was applied to the electric field forming electrode 8
  • the shield electrode 16 and the counter electrode 7 were grounded
  • ⁇ 24 V was applied to the charge collection electrode 14, and the diameter was 50 * 10 ′′ 6 m
  • the conductive sphere 10 is placed in the slit of the spacer layer 11 of the counter electrode 7 on the left side, the conductive sphere 10 is charged and starts flying, and is placed between the electric field forming electrode 8 and the counter electrode 7.
  • the charge Q / m of the conductive sphere 10 was also ⁇ 18 / C / g, and the calculated electric field in the y direction immediately above the counter electrode 7 was also 1.93 * e + 6 V / m. Without ball).
  • a larger current can be obtained by connecting a large number of electrostatic power generation cells in which the charge recovery electrode 14 can be formed on the same plane as the counter electrode 7 to form a loop.
  • Example 1 1
  • the scan Bae colonel Similarly flying initially was placed more 1 1 Sri Tsu bets diameter 50 * 10- 6 conductive sphere 1 0 m of the counter electrode 7, the maximum speed after 0.21msec 3.8m / After reaching 0.5 sec, the charge-recovery electrode 14 having a potential of ⁇ 24 V was reached at a speed of 0.7 m / sec after 0.54 msec.
  • the electric field concentration effect of the narrow counter electrode 7 should accelerate the conductive sphere 10 flying in this electric field concentrated portion more strongly. As a result, the conductive sphere 10 can be expected to reach the charge recovery electrode 14 without the electric field adjusting electrode 12.
  • Example 1 and 2 can be connected side by side and endlessly, it will be easy to manufacture with a very simple configuration. Therefore, we prototyped an electrostatic power generation cell that displays only one unit in Fig. 19.
  • Fig. 20 schematically shows one unit, the counter electrode 7 of the next unit, and the upper and lower electric field forming electrodes 17 and 18.
  • the counter electrode 7 is grounded, the charge recovery electrode 14 is -24v, and the electric field is
  • +500 V is applied to the upper electrode 17 and +600 V is applied to the lower electrode 18, the conductive sphere 10 flies in a parabola and passes through the upper and lower electric field forming electrodes 17 and 18, and then the lower electric field Landed in the middle of the forming electrode 18 and the charge collecting electrode 14. The landing was too early.
  • the conductive sphere 10 landed on the charge recovery electrode 14.
  • the maximum horizontal speed at this time was 4.15 m / sec
  • the horizontal speed at landing was 0.8 m / sec
  • the vertical speed was -0.02 m / sec.
  • the conductive sphere 10 losing charge after landing on the charge recovery electrode 14 then rolled to the right and stopped at the slit in the spacer layer 11 of the adjacent counter electrode 7.
  • each unit is 0.1m, and the height is within 0.1m in width and 0.001m in height.
  • An electrostatic power generation device that connects 130 electrostatic power generation units endlessly in two stages
  • this shape is paired counter electrodes by etching and bonding pattern exposing the copper foil with a thickness of 20 * 10- e m on one side of a sheet of thickness 50 * 10- 6 m Boriimi de film 1 9 7 and charge recovery electrodes 14 (This method is well known in the electrical component industry and the product is generally called FPC.) Further, an electret pattern for forming an electric field is formed by corona charging. and films, similarly the two fill beam forming the electret Torre bract pattern electric field and the field control 120 * 10 distance e m by spaced easily formed at low cost.
  • Example 13 negative electret charges were formed at the edge of the spacer layer 14 of the counter electrode 7 at a rate of 5.0e-16 C per 0.001 m length.
  • a mirror image (Coulomb) force is generated between the conductive sphere 10 and the electric charge electrostatically induced in the conductive sphere 10 and the mirror image force is larger than the gravitational force acting on the conductive sphere 10.
  • the conductive sphere 10 does not fall from the slit due to gravity, even if the power generator is set up or turned over, so that it can be used anywhere.
  • the amount of charge that the conductive sphere 10 obtains by corona discharge is about 10,000 times the above induced charge, and the electrostatic force that the charged conductive sphere 10 receives from the electric field is 10,000 times the mirror image force. There is no effect on flight. (The gravity of the conductive sphere is 6.4 e-10 N, while the electrostatic force of the conductive sphere is 7.2 e-6 N)
  • the conductive spheres 10 that can move independently are used.
  • the conductive spheres 10 may be connected with an insulating thread, or the conductive spheres may be placed on a thin insulating film. Forming a sex hemisphere is theoretically possible as well.
  • irregular particles can be used depending on the conditions even if they have a distribution in particle size.
  • charging is sufficiently performed by corona discharge.
  • a small charge amount for charge injection may be possible.
  • the electrode (electret) configuration shown in the above embodiments is not always the best one: only possible examples are shown due to limitations in simulation software, computers and time. Industrial applicability
  • the electrostatic power generator manufactured by the electrostatic power generation method according to the present invention has an area of only 1 square cm, a height of about lmm, and 24 V or more of 1 mA or more, and without replenishing energy from outside. It can generate electricity semi-permanently, emits no harmful substances during use, and is harmless even when disposed, so it can be used for electrical products in all fields.

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  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de génération électrostatique qui permet de ne pas nécessiter l'installation d'un chargeur corona pour générer des charges et d'une courroie de transfert de charge entraînée au moyen d'une énergie externe, tous deux mis en oeuvre dans les générateurs électrostatiques du type générateur van de Graaf. Selon ledit procédé, un champ électrique dont l'intensité est proche de celle du champ électrique démarrant l'effet corona ou inférieure à celle-ci, est créé entre un film électret et une contre-électrode à la terre, des particules électriquement conductrices sont amenées à se rapprocher de la contre-électrode, le champ électrique créé est ainsi rendu supérieur au champ électrique démarrant l'effet corona de manière à générer une décharge à effet couronne, et les particules conductrices chargées par les ions corona produits sont transférées vers une électrode collectrice de charge au moyen de la force électrostatique produite par le champ électrique régnant entre le film électret et la contre électrode et agissant sur lesdites particules.
PCT/JP1999/006349 1999-09-17 1999-11-15 Procede de generation electrostatique WO2001022565A1 (fr)

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JP26467599 1999-09-17
JP11/264675 1999-09-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2443031C2 (ru) * 2009-12-29 2012-02-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - Физико-энергетический институт имени А.И. Лейпунского" Способ очистки изолированного газом высоковольтного устройства

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3515939A (en) * 1967-07-13 1970-06-02 High Voltage Engineering Corp Dust precipitator
JPS50103763A (fr) * 1974-01-23 1975-08-16
JPS50158372A (fr) * 1974-05-21 1975-12-22
US4680496A (en) * 1985-07-31 1987-07-14 Centre National de la Recherche Scintifique Apparatus for conveying electrostatic charges, in particular for very high voltage electrostatic generators
JPH0219156U (fr) * 1988-07-26 1990-02-08
JPH04217856A (ja) * 1990-10-01 1992-08-07 Yukio Nakagawa イオンを直接移動させる直流発電機
US5363063A (en) * 1992-05-18 1994-11-08 Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics S.A. Amplifier with an output current limiter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3515939A (en) * 1967-07-13 1970-06-02 High Voltage Engineering Corp Dust precipitator
JPS50103763A (fr) * 1974-01-23 1975-08-16
JPS50158372A (fr) * 1974-05-21 1975-12-22
US4680496A (en) * 1985-07-31 1987-07-14 Centre National de la Recherche Scintifique Apparatus for conveying electrostatic charges, in particular for very high voltage electrostatic generators
JPH0219156U (fr) * 1988-07-26 1990-02-08
JPH04217856A (ja) * 1990-10-01 1992-08-07 Yukio Nakagawa イオンを直接移動させる直流発電機
US5363063A (en) * 1992-05-18 1994-11-08 Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics S.A. Amplifier with an output current limiter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2443031C2 (ru) * 2009-12-29 2012-02-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - Физико-энергетический институт имени А.И. Лейпунского" Способ очистки изолированного газом высоковольтного устройства

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