WO2001021274A1 - Improvements to filters with granular material bed, in particular for water treatment - Google Patents

Improvements to filters with granular material bed, in particular for water treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001021274A1
WO2001021274A1 PCT/FR2000/002277 FR0002277W WO0121274A1 WO 2001021274 A1 WO2001021274 A1 WO 2001021274A1 FR 0002277 W FR0002277 W FR 0002277W WO 0121274 A1 WO0121274 A1 WO 0121274A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
level
discharge
washing
inclined plane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2000/002277
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Louis Brunet
Denis Merrien
Original Assignee
Degremont
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degremont filed Critical Degremont
Priority to AU68520/00A priority Critical patent/AU6852000A/en
Publication of WO2001021274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001021274A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
    • B01D24/20—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being provided in an open container
    • B01D24/26—Upward filtration
    • B01D24/263—Upward filtration the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/38—Feed or discharge devices
    • B01D24/42—Feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
    • B01D24/4694—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter containing filter material retaining means (e.g. screens, balls) placed on the surface of the filter material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to devices intended to ensure the uptake of water in a bed filter of granular material such as the filters commonly used in water treatment in order to remove suspended matter and more particularly for biological purification using fixed cultures.
  • filters comprising a filtering mass consisting of at least one layer of granular material
  • filters are designed, depending on their use, to operate in a downward or upward flow, the water to be filtered being distributed by any means respectively above the filter mass or under the floor under which this back rests.
  • Periodic washing of the bed of granular material is always necessary and the most effective washing technique currently known consists in injecting, from bottom to top of the filter mass, air and washing water. This washing is said to be against the current in the case of filters operating with a downward flow.
  • the washing water is taken up by a chute and it is then evacuated to the sewer.
  • these known devices cannot be used for taking up the treated water in the bed filters of granular material used for biological purification on fixed cultures in which water and air are injected from bottom to top. both during the treatment phase and during the washing phase of the granular material: in fact, in these filters, the known devices, designed for periodic use, are not sufficient to avoid the turbulence phenomena due to permanent insufflation d air in the filter.
  • FR-A-2 580 515 A solution has been proposed (FR-A-2 580 515) making it possible to limit the losses of filtering material during washes which use high simultaneous speeds of air and washing water.
  • tranquilizer located directly above one of the walls of the filter, and a plane, inclined towards the inside of the filter, connecting the overflow or overflow threshold of the filter provided for the evacuation of water by the chute filter wall located below the tranquilizer grid.
  • the length of the inclined plane placed downstream of the tranquilizer grid and upstream of the overflow threshold is determined according to the type of material used and the water flow rate.
  • the present invention has set itself the objective of bringing improvements to the device for taking up the water mentioned above, in particular by making it possible to superimpose the two chutes, filtered water and washing effluents, in order to limit the width of the technical gallery, that is to say the space left free under the canals (supply of water to be treated and return of filtered or washing water), and not to keep a great length inclined planes only for the recovery of washing effluents.
  • a filter characterized in that it comprises two superposed discharge levels: a lower level for the recovery of filtered water and a higher level for the return of dirty washing water, means being provided to allow the passage from a level of discharge to the second level of discharge, the chute ensuring the evacuation of the treated water and the chute for the evacuation of dirty water after washing being superimposed.
  • the means ensuring the passage from a discharge level to the second discharge level are produced in the form of an inclined plane movable by pivoting about a horizontal axis which is located at the upper part of the washing water discharge threshold, motor means being provided to ensure said pivoting.
  • the means provided for ensuring the passage from one level of discharge to the other level are produced in the form of a fixed inclined plane which is provided with a plurality hatches provided with closing means of the conventional type such as in particular guillotines, bladders, etc., or which is equipped with one or more siphons.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view in section through a vertical plane of a battery of filters to which the improvements object of the present invention are applied,
  • FIG. 2 is a detail view on a larger scale of an exemplary embodiment of the improvements according to the invention.
  • Figures 3 and 4 are detail views also in section through a vertical plane, of two other embodiments of the improvements according to the present invention (guillotines and siphons respectively).
  • FIG. 1 a battery of filters has been shown, constituted by the juxtaposition of two filtration cells 1 and 2 (cell 1 being represented in the filtration phase and cell 2 in the washing phase) whose facades are placed opposite with a technical gallery 3 delimited by said facades.
  • Each filtration cell 1 and 2 is lined with a bed of filter material.
  • means 4 for supplying water and air 5 are provided for treating the water or washing the filter material.
  • two upper discharge levels are arranged in the upper part of each filtration cell such as 1 and 2, a lower level 6 for taking up the filtered water and an upper level 7 for taking up the dirty water.
  • each cell 1 and 2 comprises, to perform this function, a movable inclined plane such as 11 designed so as to ensure passage from a level of discharge to the second level of spillage during the opening / closing operations of this inclined plane 11.
  • the inclined plane 11 is articulated on a horizontal axis 12, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 2.
  • the inclined plane is retracted in order to release the threshold of the chute 8 collecting the treated water (position of the inclined plane shown in broken lines in FIG. 2);
  • the inclined plane in solid lines in FIG. 2 seals the threshold of the chute 8 sealingly allowing the discharge of water from washing in the chute 9 above the weir 13, in the same way as in the prior art (FR-A-2 580 515).
  • the volume of water which is between the threshold of the chute 8 and the threshold of the chute 9, is evacuated by draining the filter bottom, which facilitates the retraction of the inclined plane 1 1 which returns to the position shown in broken lines in Figure 2 (filtration position).
  • this function can be carried out using a fixed inclined plane but provided with multiple hatches 14 comprising shutter means 15 such as for example guillotines, bladders and the like, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • these doors 14 In position filtration, these doors 14 are open so that the treated water pours into the chute 8 and in the washing position, these doors are closed so that the washing water flows on the inclined plane and flows into the chute 9.
  • This function can also be performed using a fixed inclined plane 11 and one or more siphons 16 for taking up the filtered water, the said siphon (s) being arranged upstream of the tranquilizer grid 10, the return pipe passing through the inclined plane as can be seen in FIG. 4.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a device for intake of water into a granular material bed filter such as filters used for water treatment for eliminating suspended materials comprising means for injecting water and air through the filter bed and a channel for evacuating filtered water and a trough for evacuating wash-water. The invention is characterised in that it comprises two superposed overflow levels: a lower level (6) for intake of filtered water and a higher level (7) for intake of dirty wash-water, means being provided for shifting from one overflow level to the second overflow level, the channel (8) evacuating treated water and the trough (9) evacuating dirty water after washing being superposed.

Description

« Perfectionnements apportés aux filtres à lit de matériau granulaire, "Improvements to bed filters of granular material,
notamment pour le traitement des eaux »especially for water treatment "
La présente invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs destinés à assurer la reprise de l'eau dans un filtre à lit de matériau granulaire tels que les filtres utilisés de façon courante dans le traitement des eaux afin d'éliminer les matières en suspension et plus particulièrement pour l'épuration biologique à l'aide de cultures fixées.The present invention relates to improvements made to devices intended to ensure the uptake of water in a bed filter of granular material such as the filters commonly used in water treatment in order to remove suspended matter and more particularly for biological purification using fixed cultures.
Ces filtres, comportant une masse filtrante constituée d'au moins une couche de matériau granulaire, sont conçus, suivant leur utilisation, pour opérer à flux descendant ou à flux ascendant, l'eau à filtrer étant distribuée par un moyen quelconque respectivement au dessus de la masse filtrante ou sous le plancher sous lequel repose cette derrière. Un lavage périodique du lit de matériau granulaire est toujours nécessaire et la technique de lavage la plus efficace actuellement connue consiste à procéder à une injection, de bas en haut de la masse filtrante, d'air et d'eau de lavage. Ce lavage est dit à contre-courant dans le cas des filtres opérant à flux descendant. L'eau de lavage est reprise par une goulotte et elle est évacuée ensuite à l'égout.These filters, comprising a filtering mass consisting of at least one layer of granular material, are designed, depending on their use, to operate in a downward or upward flow, the water to be filtered being distributed by any means respectively above the filter mass or under the floor under which this back rests. Periodic washing of the bed of granular material is always necessary and the most effective washing technique currently known consists in injecting, from bottom to top of the filter mass, air and washing water. This washing is said to be against the current in the case of filters operating with a downward flow. The washing water is taken up by a chute and it is then evacuated to the sewer.
Cependant, cette technique de lavage appliquée à un filtre dont l'un au moins des matériaux filtrants est un matériau poreux, de faible densité tel que : anthracite traitée, pierre ponce, argile expansé, etc., présente des difficultés car, pendant la période de lavage à l'eau et à l'air, une partie de la masse filtrante se trouve entraînée jusqu'à la goulotte d'évacuation de l'eau de lavage. II est connu de remédier à cet inconvénient en accumulant l'eau de lavage, pendant la période de lavage à l'eau ou à l'air, dans une capacité qui est disposée au dessus d'orifices d'évacuation munis de moyens d'obturation tels que clapet, vanne murale, etc.. assurant une obturation totale desdits orifices pendant la période de lavage. Ces dispositifs bien connus de l'homme de l'art présentent l'inconvénient de devoir évacuer une importante quantité d'eau au travers d'orifices, qui sont peu nombreux et de faible section pour être suffisamment économiques, situés immédiatement au dessus du lit de matériau filtrant afin d'éviter l'inconvénient d'une hauteur d'ouvrage importante et inutile en dehors de la période de lavage, créant ainsi de fortes vitesses d'eau à proximité de ces orifices qui provoquent l'aspiration du matériau filtrant vers l'évacuation.However, this washing technique applied to a filter of which at least one of the filtering materials is a porous material, of low density such as: treated anthracite, pumice stone, expanded clay, etc., presents difficulties because, during the period of washing with water and air, part of the filtering mass is entrained up to the discharge chute of the washing water. It is known to remedy this drawback by accumulating the washing water, during the washing period with water or air, in a capacity which is disposed above the discharge orifices provided with means of obturation such as a valve, wall valve, etc. ensuring complete closure of said orifices during the washing period. These devices well known to those skilled in the art have the disadvantage of having to drain a large amount of water through orifices, which are few in number and of small cross section to be sufficiently economical, located immediately above the bed of filtering material in order to avoid the disadvantage of a large and unnecessary working height outside the washing period , thus creating high water velocities near these orifices which cause the suction of the filter material towards the evacuation.
Il existe dans l'état de la technique (filtres « Aquazur » fabriqués par la présente titulaire et décrits dans le Mémento Technique de l'Eau - 9ème Edition - Tome 2 - page 772-778) d'autres dispositifs qui consistent à placer la goulotte d'évacuation au-dessus du niveau de l'alimentation du filtre en période de filtration, la goulotte d'alimentation en eau à traiter étant munie d'un moyen d'obturation tel que clapet, vanne, obturateur à vessie et similaire, permettant son isolement pendant la période de lavage. Ces dispositifs connus présentent l'inconvénient de devoir équiper chaque filtre d'une goulotte qui lui est propre, soit pour l'alimentation en eau à traiter dans le cas d'une filtration à flux descendant, soit pour la reprise de l'eau filtrée dans le cas d'une filtration à flux ascendant, cette exigence se traduisant par des surcoûts de génie civil et d'équipements nécessaires à l'isolement de cette goulotte pendant la phase de lavage et à son nettoyage après la période de lavage et avant la période de filtration.There exist in the state of the art (“Aquazur” filters manufactured by this licensee and described in the Water Technical Memento - 9th Edition - Volume 2 - page 772-778) other devices which consist in placing the discharge chute above the level of the filter supply during the filtration period, the water supply chute to be treated being provided with a closure means such as valve, valve, bladder shutter and the like, allowing its isolation during the washing period. These known devices have the drawback of having to equip each filter with its own chute, either for the supply of water to be treated in the case of downflow filtration, or for the recovery of filtered water. in the case of upflow filtration, this requirement translates into additional civil engineering and equipment costs necessary to isolate this chute during the washing phase and to clean it after the washing period and before filtration period.
Par ailleurs, ces dispositifs connus ne sont pas utilisables pour la reprise de l'eau traitée dans les filtres à lit de matériau granulaire utilisés pour l'épuration biologique sur cultures fixées dans lesquels l'eau et l'air sont injectés de bas en haut tant pendant la phase de traitement que pendant la phase de lavage du matériau granulaire : en effet, dans ces filtres, les dispositifs connus, conçus pour une utilisation périodique, ne sont pas suffisants pour éviter les phénomènes de turbulence dus à l'insufflation permanente d'air dans le filtre.Furthermore, these known devices cannot be used for taking up the treated water in the bed filters of granular material used for biological purification on fixed cultures in which water and air are injected from bottom to top. both during the treatment phase and during the washing phase of the granular material: in fact, in these filters, the known devices, designed for periodic use, are not sufficient to avoid the turbulence phenomena due to permanent insufflation d air in the filter.
On a proposé (FR-A-2 580 515) une solution permettant de limiter les pertes de matériau filtrant lors des lavages qui mettent en oeuvre de fortes vitesses simultanées d'air et d'eau de lavage. Dans cet état antérieur de la technique, on prévoit une capacité disposée entre le filtre et la goulotte d'évacuation et délimitée par une cloison perforée verticale, dite grille tranquillisatrice, située à l'aplomb d'une des parois du filtre, et un plan, incliné vers l'intérieur du filtre, reliant le déversoir ou seuil déversant du filtre prévu pour l'évacuation de l'eau par la goulotte, à ladite paroi du filtre située au-dessous de la grille tranquillisatrice. Dans cette solution connue, la longueur du plan incliné placé en aval de la grille tranquillisatrice et en amont du seuil déversant est déterminée en fonction du type de matériau utilisé et du débit d'eau. Ce dispositif est donc partiellement inutile en phase de filtration durant laquelle les vitesses d'air et d'eau sont faibles comparativement à celles mises en oeuvre lors de la phase de lavage. La présente invention s'est fixée pour objectif d'apporter des perfectionnements au dispositif de reprise de l'eau mentionné ci-dessus, en permettant notamment de superposer les deux goulottes, d'eau filtrée et d'effluents de lavage, afin de limiter la largeur de la galerie technique, c'est- à-dire de l'espace laissé libre sous les canaux (d'alimentation en eau à traiter et de reprise d'eau filtrée ou de lavage), et de ne conserver une grande longueur de plans inclinés que pour la reprise des effluents de lavage.A solution has been proposed (FR-A-2 580 515) making it possible to limit the losses of filtering material during washes which use high simultaneous speeds of air and washing water. In this prior state of the art, provision is made for a capacity disposed between the filter and the discharge chute and delimited by a vertical perforated partition, called a grid. tranquilizer, located directly above one of the walls of the filter, and a plane, inclined towards the inside of the filter, connecting the overflow or overflow threshold of the filter provided for the evacuation of water by the chute filter wall located below the tranquilizer grid. In this known solution, the length of the inclined plane placed downstream of the tranquilizer grid and upstream of the overflow threshold is determined according to the type of material used and the water flow rate. This device is therefore partially useless in the filtration phase during which the air and water speeds are low compared to those used during the washing phase. The present invention has set itself the objective of bringing improvements to the device for taking up the water mentioned above, in particular by making it possible to superimpose the two chutes, filtered water and washing effluents, in order to limit the width of the technical gallery, that is to say the space left free under the canals (supply of water to be treated and return of filtered or washing water), and not to keep a great length inclined planes only for the recovery of washing effluents.
La solution au problème ci-dessus est apportée par un filtre caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux niveaux de déversement superposés : un niveau inférieur pour la reprise de l'eau filtrée et un niveau supérieur pour la reprise des eaux sales de lavage, des moyens étant prévus pour permettre le passage d'un niveau de déversement au second niveau de déversement, la goulotte assurant l'évacuation de l'eau traitée et la goulotte pour l'évacuation des eaux sales après lavage étant superposées. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, les moyens assurant le passage d'un niveau de déversement au second niveau de déversement sont réalisés sous la forme d'un plan incliné mobile par pivotement autour d'un axe horizontal qui est situé à la partie supérieure du seuil de déversement des eaux de lavage, des moyens moteurs étant prévus pour assurer ledit pivotement.The solution to the above problem is provided by a filter characterized in that it comprises two superposed discharge levels: a lower level for the recovery of filtered water and a higher level for the return of dirty washing water, means being provided to allow the passage from a level of discharge to the second level of discharge, the chute ensuring the evacuation of the treated water and the chute for the evacuation of dirty water after washing being superimposed. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the means ensuring the passage from a discharge level to the second discharge level are produced in the form of an inclined plane movable by pivoting about a horizontal axis which is located at the upper part of the washing water discharge threshold, motor means being provided to ensure said pivoting.
Selon un autre exemple de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens prévus pour assurer le passage d'un niveau de déversement à l'autre niveau sont réalisés sous la forme d'un plan incliné fixe qui est muni d'une pluralité de trappes pourvues de moyens d'obturation de type classique tels que notamment guillotines, vessies, etc, ou qui est équipé d'un ou des plusieurs siphons.According to another embodiment of the invention, the means provided for ensuring the passage from one level of discharge to the other level are produced in the form of a fixed inclined plane which is provided with a plurality hatches provided with closing means of the conventional type such as in particular guillotines, bladders, etc., or which is equipped with one or more siphons.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la lecture de la description faite ci-après en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent un exemple de réalisation dépourvu de tout caractère limitatif.Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from reading the description given below with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting character.
Sur les dessins :In the drawings:
La figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe par un plan vertical d'une batterie de filtres à laquelle sont appliqués les perfectionnements objet de la présente invention,FIG. 1 is a schematic view in section through a vertical plane of a battery of filters to which the improvements object of the present invention are applied,
La figure 2 est une vue de détail à plus grande échelle d'un exemple de réalisation des perfectionnements selon l'invention et,FIG. 2 is a detail view on a larger scale of an exemplary embodiment of the improvements according to the invention and,
Les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues de détail également en coupe par un plan vertical, de deux autres exemples de réalisation des perfectionnements selon la présente invention (respectivement guillotines et siphons).Figures 3 and 4 are detail views also in section through a vertical plane, of two other embodiments of the improvements according to the present invention (guillotines and siphons respectively).
On se réfère en premier lieu à la figure 1 sur laquelle on a représenté une batterie de filtres constituée par la juxtaposition de deux cellules 1 et 2 de filtration (la cellule 1 étant représentée en phase de filtration et la cellule 2 en phase de lavage) dont les façades sont placées en vis-à-vis avec une galerie technique 3 délimitée par lesdites façades. Chaque cellule de filtration 1 et 2 est garnie d'un lit de matériau filtrant. On prévoit, comme connu, des moyens d'alimentation en eau 4 et en air 5 pour réaliser le traitement de l'eau ou le lavage du matériau filtrant. Selon la présente invention, on aménage, en partie supérieure de chaque cellule de filtration telles que 1 et 2, deux niveaux de déversement, un niveau inférieur 6 pour la reprise de l'eau filtrée et un niveau supérieur 7 pour la reprise des eaux sales de lavage ce qui permet de superposer les goulottes correspondantes, c'est-à-dire la goulotte 8 pour l'évacuation de l'eau traitée et la goulotte 9 pour l'évacuation des eaux sales après lavage. On retrouve sur la figure 1 la présence des grilles tranquilisatrices telles que 10 bien connues de l'homme de l'art. Selon la présente invention, on prévoit des moyens permettant le passage d'un niveau de déversement au second niveau. Dans l'exemple de réalisation non limitatif illustré sur les dessins, chaque cellule 1 et 2 comporte, pour assurer cette fonction, un plan incliné mobile tel que 11 conçu de façon à assurer le passage, d'un niveau de déversement au deuxième niveau de déversement lors des opérations d'ouverture/fermeture de ce plan incliné 11. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention, le plan incliné 11 est articulé sur un axe horizontal 12, comme on le voit clairement sur la figure 2. Les déplacements en rotation du plan incliné 11 sont obtenus à l'aide d'un moyen moteur de type classique et qui en conséquence, n'a été ni décrit, ni représenté. Sur la figure 2, on a illustré en traits pleins, la position du plan incliné mobile lors des opérations de lavage avec évacuation des eaux sales dans la goulotte 9 (niveau 7) et en traits interrompus, la position de ce plan incliné 11 en position de filtration, les eaux traitées étant évacuées par la goulotte 8 (niveau 6).Firstly, reference is made to FIG. 1 in which a battery of filters has been shown, constituted by the juxtaposition of two filtration cells 1 and 2 (cell 1 being represented in the filtration phase and cell 2 in the washing phase) whose facades are placed opposite with a technical gallery 3 delimited by said facades. Each filtration cell 1 and 2 is lined with a bed of filter material. As is known, means 4 for supplying water and air 5 are provided for treating the water or washing the filter material. According to the present invention, two upper discharge levels are arranged in the upper part of each filtration cell such as 1 and 2, a lower level 6 for taking up the filtered water and an upper level 7 for taking up the dirty water. washing which allows to superimpose the corresponding chutes, that is to say the chute 8 for the discharge of treated water and the chute 9 for the discharge of dirty water after washing. We find in Figure 1 the presence of tranquilizers grids such as 10 well known to those skilled in the art. According to the present invention, means are provided for passing from a discharge level to the second level. In the nonlimiting exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings, each cell 1 and 2 comprises, to perform this function, a movable inclined plane such as 11 designed so as to ensure passage from a level of discharge to the second level of spillage during the opening / closing operations of this inclined plane 11. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclined plane 11 is articulated on a horizontal axis 12, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 2. The displacements in rotation of the inclined plane 11 are obtained using a motor means of the conventional type and which consequently has neither been described nor shown. In Figure 2, there is illustrated in solid lines, the position of the movable inclined plane during washing operations with discharge of dirty water in the chute 9 (level 7) and in broken lines, the position of this inclined plane 11 in position filtration, the treated water being discharged through chute 8 (level 6).
Ainsi qu'on le comprend de l'examen de la figure 2, le passage d'un niveau de déversement à l'autre niveau est assuré par les déplacements du plan incliné mobile 11 :As can be understood from the examination of FIG. 2, the passage from one level of discharge to the other level is ensured by the displacements of the mobile inclined plane 11:
- au niveau bas de déversement (niveau 6 : phase de filtration ascendante) le plan incliné est escamoté afin de libérer le seuil de la goulotte 8 recueillant les eaux traitées (position du plan incliné représentée en traits interrompus sur la figure 2) ;- at the low level of discharge (level 6: ascending filtration phase) the inclined plane is retracted in order to release the threshold of the chute 8 collecting the treated water (position of the inclined plane shown in broken lines in FIG. 2);
- au niveau haut de déversement (niveau 7 : phase de lavage du matériau granulaire du filtre), le plan incliné (en traits pleins sur la figure 2) vient obturer, de façon étanche le seuil de la goulotte 8 permettant le déversement des eaux de lavage dans la goulotte 9 par le dessus du déversoir 13, de la même façon que dans l'état antérieur de la technique (FR-A-2 580 515).- at the high level of discharge (level 7: washing phase of the granular material of the filter), the inclined plane (in solid lines in FIG. 2) seals the threshold of the chute 8 sealingly allowing the discharge of water from washing in the chute 9 above the weir 13, in the same way as in the prior art (FR-A-2 580 515).
En fin de phase lavage, et avant le redémarrage en phase filtration, le volume d'eau qui est compris entre le seuil de la goulotte 8 et le seuil de la goulotte 9, est évacué par vidange de fond de filtre ce qui facilite l'escamotage du plan incliné 1 1 lequel revient dans la position représentée en traits interrompus sur la figure 2 (position de filtration). Ainsi qu'on l'a mentionné ci-dessus, le passage d'un niveau de déversement à l'autre peut être assuré par une autre solution que celle d'un plan incliné mobile 11 tel que décrit ci-dessus. Ainsi, cette fonction peut être réalisée à l'aide d'un plan incliné fixe mais pourvu de trappes multiples 14 comportant des moyens d'obturation 15 tels que par exemple des guillotines, vessies et similaires, comme représenté sur la figure 3. En position de filtration, ces trappes 14 sont ouvertes de manière que l'eau traitée se déverse dans la goulotte 8 et en position de lavage, ces trappes sont obturées de manière que l'eau de lavage s'écoule sur le plan incliné et se déverse dans la goulotte 9. Cette fonction peut également être réalisée à l'aide d'un plan incliné fixe 11 et d'un ou plusieurs siphons 16 pour la reprise de l'eau filtrée, le ou lesdits siphons étant disposés en amont de la grille tranquillisatrice 10, le tuyau de reprise traversant le plan incliné comme on peut le voir sur la figure 4. Parmi les avantages apportés par la présente invention vis-à- vis des solutions classiques, on peut citer notamment : diminution de l'encombrement et de la complexité de l'ensemble des goulottes de reprise, due à la superposition de ces goulottes au lieu de leur juxtaposition dans le cas de la solution classique, ce qui autorise une diminution des coûts de génie civil et une réduction des encombrements au sol ; diminution, en phase de filtration, de la capacité d'eau située au dessus du matériau filtrant, ce qui est avantageux, en termes de hauteur d'eau a relever ; - réduction de la dimension de la galerie technique 3 ; limitation de la pénétration dans le sol des ouvrages, dans le cas de lignes piezométriques contraignantes ou de présence de nappes ; suppression, par rapport au cas classique des goulottes contigues, de la contamination de la goulotte d'eau propre par les eaux sales lors de leur passage vers le deuxième seuil de déversement 13, ce qui permet d'éliminer les équipements nécessaires au nettoyage de la goulotte d'eau propre avant le passage en phase de filtration ; suppression des équipements de tuyauterie et de robinetterie nécessaires à l'évacuation des eaux filtrées de la cellule vers les collecteurs communs ; maintien des deux goulottes isolées l'une de l'autre, ce qui autorise toutes les combinaison lavage/filtration des cellules constituant la batterie de filtre et, limitation des pertes de matériau filtrant lors de la phase de lavage à l'air et à l'eau simultanés.At the end of the washing phase, and before restarting in the filtration phase, the volume of water which is between the threshold of the chute 8 and the threshold of the chute 9, is evacuated by draining the filter bottom, which facilitates the retraction of the inclined plane 1 1 which returns to the position shown in broken lines in Figure 2 (filtration position). As mentioned above, the passage from one level of discharge to the other can be ensured by another solution than that of a mobile inclined plane 11 as described above. Thus, this function can be carried out using a fixed inclined plane but provided with multiple hatches 14 comprising shutter means 15 such as for example guillotines, bladders and the like, as shown in FIG. 3. In position filtration, these doors 14 are open so that the treated water pours into the chute 8 and in the washing position, these doors are closed so that the washing water flows on the inclined plane and flows into the chute 9. This function can also be performed using a fixed inclined plane 11 and one or more siphons 16 for taking up the filtered water, the said siphon (s) being arranged upstream of the tranquilizer grid 10, the return pipe passing through the inclined plane as can be seen in FIG. 4. Among the advantages brought by the present invention with respect to conventional solutions, one can cite in particular: reduction in space and vs omplexity of all the return chutes, due to the superposition of these chutes instead of their juxtaposition in the case of the conventional solution, which allows a reduction in civil engineering costs and a reduction in footprint; reduction, during the filtration phase, of the water capacity situated above the filtering material, which is advantageous in terms of the height of water to be collected; - reduction of the size of the technical gallery 3; limitation of the penetration into the soil of structures, in the case of constraining piezometric lines or the presence of aquifers; elimination, compared to the classic case of adjacent chutes, of contamination of the clean water chute by dirty water during their passage to the second discharge threshold 13, which makes it possible to eliminate the equipment necessary for cleaning the clean water chute before entering the filtration phase; elimination of the piping and tap fittings necessary for the evacuation of filtered water from the cell to the common collectors; maintaining the two channels isolated from each other, which allows all the washing / filtration combinations of the cells constituting the filter bank and, limiting losses of filtering material during the air washing phase and the water.
Il demeure bien entendu que la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de mise en oeuvre décrits et/ou mentionnés ci-dessus mais qu'elle en englobe toutes les variantes. It remains to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and / or mentioned above but that it encompasses all variants thereof.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Dispositif destiné à assurer la reprise de l'eau dans un filtre à lit de matériau granulaire tels que les filtres utilisés dans le traitement des eaux pour l'élimination des matières en suspension comportant des moyens pour l'injection d'eau et d'air à travers le lit filtrant ainsi qu'une goulotte pour l'évacuation de l'eau filtrée et une goulotte pour l'évacuation de l'eau de lavage caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux niveaux de déversement superposés : un niveau inférieur (6) pour la reprise de l'eau filtrée et un niveau supérieur (7) pour la reprise des eaux sales de lavage, des moyens (11) étant prévus pour permettre le passage d'un niveau de déversement au second niveau de déversement, la goulotte (8) assurant l'évacuation de l'eau traitée et la goulotte (9) pour l'évacuation des eaux sales après lavage étant superposées.1 - Device intended to ensure the uptake of water in a bed filter of granular material such as the filters used in the treatment of water for the removal of suspended matter comprising means for injecting water and d air through the filter bed as well as a chute for the evacuation of the filtered water and a chute for the evacuation of the washing water characterized in that it comprises two superposed discharge levels: a lower level (6) for the recovery of filtered water and a higher level (7) for the recovery of dirty washing water, means (11) being provided to allow the passage from a level of discharge to the second level of discharge, the trough (8) ensuring the evacuation of the treated water and the trough (9) for the evacuation of dirty water after washing being superimposed.
2 -Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens assurant le passage d'un niveau de déversement au second niveau de déversement sont réalisés sous la forme d'un plan incliné (11) mobile par pivotement autour d'un axe (12) horizontal, des moyens moteurs étant prévus pour assurer ledit pivotement.2 -A device according to claim 1 characterized in that the means ensuring the passage from a discharge level to the second discharge level are produced in the form of an inclined plane (11) movable by pivoting about an axis (12 ) horizontal, motor means being provided to ensure said pivoting.
3 - Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens prévus pour assurer le passage d'un niveau de déversement à l'autre niveau sont réalisés sous la forme d'un plan incliné fixe qui est muni d'une pluralité de trappes pourvues de moyens d'obturation de type classique tels que notamment guillotines, vessies, etc.3 - Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the means provided for ensuring the passage from one level of discharge to the other level are made in the form of a fixed inclined plane which is provided with a plurality of hatches provided conventional type sealing means such as guillotines, bladders, etc.
4- Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens prévus pour assurer le passage d'un niveau de déversement à l'autre niveau sont réalisés sous la forme d'un plan incliné fixe qui est muni d'un ou de plusieurs siphons (16) dont le tuyau de reprise traverse ledit plan incliné (11 ). 4- Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the means provided for ensuring the passage from one level of discharge to the other level are made in the form of a fixed inclined plane which is provided with one or more siphons (16) whose return pipe crosses said inclined plane (11).
PCT/FR2000/002277 1999-09-23 2000-08-08 Improvements to filters with granular material bed, in particular for water treatment WO2001021274A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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FR9911898A FR2798865B1 (en) 1999-09-23 1999-09-23 IMPROVEMENTS ON GRANULAR MATERIAL BED FILTERS, ESPECIALLY FOR WATER TREATMENT
FR99/11898 1999-09-23

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2879943A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-30 Sources Sa Supporting floor for waste water treatment by rising filtration has series of transverse preforms to nozzles held in place by fixings
FR2880550A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-14 Sources Sa Rising filtration waste water treatment cell with granular filter medium has overflow water fed through metal funnel on concrete feed pipe
FR2880549A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-14 Sources Sa Rising flow waste water treatment cell has side wall deflector between filter medium and treated water outlet to prevent material being evacuated with flushing water
CN102949872A (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-03-06 姜华 Water filtering system
CN103111121A (en) * 2012-12-29 2013-05-22 成都易态科技有限公司 Cross flow filtration method of liquid
CN103463843A (en) * 2013-10-14 2013-12-25 李岩 Continuous filtering system
CN103480199A (en) * 2013-09-10 2014-01-01 常熟市新晨机械厂 Filtering machine
CN113996130A (en) * 2020-07-27 2022-02-01 长鑫存储技术有限公司 Water storage device and exhaust gas treatment system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2580515A1 (en) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Degremont DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY OF WATER IN A BED FILTER OF GRANULAR MATERIAL
WO1992007646A1 (en) * 1990-10-30 1992-05-14 Teinvall, Sjöberg & Broberg Ab Method and device for filtering a liquid
US5137645A (en) * 1991-06-28 1992-08-11 Infilco Degremont Inc. Declining rate filter systems and methods
EP0608441A1 (en) * 1991-10-18 1994-08-03 Mitsui Mining Company, Limited High speed upward flow filtration apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2580515A1 (en) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Degremont DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY OF WATER IN A BED FILTER OF GRANULAR MATERIAL
WO1992007646A1 (en) * 1990-10-30 1992-05-14 Teinvall, Sjöberg & Broberg Ab Method and device for filtering a liquid
US5137645A (en) * 1991-06-28 1992-08-11 Infilco Degremont Inc. Declining rate filter systems and methods
EP0608441A1 (en) * 1991-10-18 1994-08-03 Mitsui Mining Company, Limited High speed upward flow filtration apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2879943A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-30 Sources Sa Supporting floor for waste water treatment by rising filtration has series of transverse preforms to nozzles held in place by fixings
FR2880550A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-14 Sources Sa Rising filtration waste water treatment cell with granular filter medium has overflow water fed through metal funnel on concrete feed pipe
FR2880549A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-14 Sources Sa Rising flow waste water treatment cell has side wall deflector between filter medium and treated water outlet to prevent material being evacuated with flushing water
CN102949872A (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-03-06 姜华 Water filtering system
CN103111121A (en) * 2012-12-29 2013-05-22 成都易态科技有限公司 Cross flow filtration method of liquid
CN103480199A (en) * 2013-09-10 2014-01-01 常熟市新晨机械厂 Filtering machine
CN103463843A (en) * 2013-10-14 2013-12-25 李岩 Continuous filtering system
CN113996130A (en) * 2020-07-27 2022-02-01 长鑫存储技术有限公司 Water storage device and exhaust gas treatment system
CN113996130B (en) * 2020-07-27 2022-06-24 长鑫存储技术有限公司 Water storage device and exhaust gas treatment system

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FR2798865B1 (en) 2001-11-16
AU6852000A (en) 2001-04-24
FR2798865A1 (en) 2001-03-30

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