WO2001020951A1

WO2001020951A1 - Light-emitting/heat-generating spherical body and light-emitting/heat-generating body

Info

Publication number: WO2001020951A1
Application number: PCT/JP2000/001240
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hiroyuki Takahashi; Kiyoe Takahashi
Original assignee: Kyowa Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1999-09-14
Filing date: 2000-03-02
Publication date: 2001-03-22
Also published as: CN1171504C; HK1051622A1; JP3866104B2; CN1391783A; AU2826100A

Abstract

A light-emitting/heat-generating body is characterized in that it is made of a high-density carbon material especially largely composed of impervious graphite and is spherical. By applying a voltage to multiple light-emitting/heat-generating spherical bodies in point-contact with each other, they emit light and generate heat to a temperature of more than 3000 °C, and thereby waste is thermally decomposed not by incineration and processed without producing harmful substances. The harmful substances contained in the gas exhausted from an incineration furnace is thermally decomposed and processed to harmless ones.

Description

Description Sphere for luminescent heating element and luminescent heating element

The present invention relates to a light-emitting heating element that emits light and heat by generating a discharge when a voltage is applied, and a light-emitting heating element sphere used for the light-emitting heating element. Background art

Known heating elements that generate high heat include metal heating elements and non-metal heating elements made of carbon and the like, and are used as heat sources for various heating devices such as heating furnaces and incinerators.

When such a conventional heating element is used, a high temperature of 100 ° C. or more can be obtained. For example, the maximum operating temperature of industrially used metal heating elements in air is 1200. It is about C.

However, even at such a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more, it may not always be possible to say that the temperature is sufficiently high depending on the purpose of use. For example, incinerators for various types of waste, such as general waste, industrial waste, and medical waste, as well as crude oil, waste oil, petrochemicals, etc. (hereinafter referred to as waste, etc.) This is the case where a heating element is applied. When the wastes are incinerated, harmful substances that have an adverse effect on the environment and the human body, such as dust, carbon dioxide, chlorine compounds such as hydrogen chloride, nitrogen compounds such as NOx, dioxin, etc. Is generated and emitted together with exhaust gas and smoke. In particular, dioxin is a serious problem because it is very toxic and has a long-term adverse effect on the human body.

Combustion of the above waste at a low temperature of about 300-500 ° C It is known that it is easy to form when heated and hard to form at temperatures as high as 800 ° C or higher. However, even at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, a small amount of dioxin may be generated.Therefore, in the incineration apparatus using the above-described conventional heating element, there is a great possibility that dioxin is discharged. I can't say no.

In order to solve such a problem, it is preferable to treat the waste by pyrolysis at a high temperature without burning the waste. If the waste is treated by thermal decomposition instead of combustion (ie, oxidation reaction) as described above, it will generate harmful substances such as dust, chlorine compounds such as hydrogen chloride, nitrogen compounds such as NOx, and dioxin. Without waste, it is possible to treat the waste and the like.

In order to efficiently pyrolyze the waste without generating the harmful substances such as dioxin, a high temperature of about 300 ° C. is required, but a high temperature of about 300 ° C. There is no practical heat generator that can efficiently and stably obtain the heat.

In addition, since general carbons are porous (having a large number of pores on the surface and inside), a heating element made of general carbons may be exposed to chemical substances such as the harmful substances at high temperatures (when used). Deteriorated easily due to corrosion and oxidation by air. In addition, since it has strong adsorptivity, it has a problem that it releases gas such as carbon dioxide adsorbed at a high temperature (when used) and adsorbs the harmful substances.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can efficiently and stably generate a high temperature of about 300 ° C. or more, and maintain the high temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a luminescent heating element capable of efficiently thermally decomposing the waste without generating harmful substances, and a luminescent heating element sphere used for the luminescent heating element. In addition, when used It is another object of the present invention to provide a luminescent heating element sphere which is hardly susceptible to corrosion by a chemical substance such as the harmful substance or oxidized by air and hardly adsorbs a gas such as carbon dioxide or the harmful substance. Disclosure of the invention

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the sphere for a luminescent heating element of the present invention is characterized by having a carbon material, particularly an impervious graphite, as a main component and a spherical shape.

With such a configuration, a discharge is generated between the light emitting heating element spheres by applying a voltage by bringing the plurality of light emitting heating element spheres into contact with each other. Since the temperature of the discharge part is as high as about 300 ° C. or more, it can be used as a heat source of a heating device such as a heating furnace. The temperature of the discharge portion is a high temperature of about 300 ° C. or more, and the temperature at a position distant from the temperature by more than 10 cm is about 200 ° C. or less.

If such a luminous heating element composed of spheres for a luminous heating element is applied to a processing device for the waste and the like, the waste and the like can be heated to an extremely high temperature of about 300 ° C. or more. As a result, almost all substances, including PCBs, can be pyrolyzed, excluding high-boiling metals.

Therefore, the waste and the like can be thermally decomposed without burning, and the waste and the like can be processed without generating the harmful substance. In addition, exhaust gas and ash discharged from a general incinerator can be heat-treated to thermally decompose the harmful substances such as dioxin contained therein to make them harmless. In addition, harmful chemicals, such as PCBs, for which no appropriate treatment has been found, can be thermally decomposed into harmless low molecular weight substances.

In addition, it contains noncombustible waste that cannot be treated by normal incineration. Even if the waste contains waste that may generate dioxin when incinerated, it can be thermally decomposed at once without separation and separation. You don't need a bird. In addition, the sphere for a light-emitting heating element of the present invention emits special intense light together with high heat due to the discharge. This light is considered to have the effect of accelerating the decomposition reaction of harmful substances during thermal decomposition. In particular, the effect is considered to be high for the thermal decomposition of dioxin.

Since the luminescent heating element sphere is mainly composed of a densified carbon material, in particular, impervious graphite, the surface has few pores and a small specific surface area. There is little risk of problems such as release of the adsorbed gas at high temperatures (when used) and adsorption of the harmful substances. In addition, the luminescent heating element sphere can be used for a long period of time because it is hardly deteriorated by being corroded by a chemical substance such as the harmful substance or oxidized by air.

In addition, in order for the light emitting heating element to efficiently discharge, it is preferable that the light emitting heating element spheres constituting the light emitting heating element are in point contact with each other. As a result, the discharge efficiency is reduced. Since the shape of the light emitting heating element sphere is spherical, the contact form of the light emitting heating element balls is always point contact. Therefore, the discharge is efficiently performed and a high temperature is easily obtained, and the cost for obtaining the high temperature can be reduced.

In addition, the sphere for a light-emitting heating element may be deteriorated due to the discharge or oxidation described above and may be deformed when used for a long period of time. In particular, if the portion where the discharge occurs is concentrated at a specific location, the degradation at that location is likely to increase. However, if the sphere for the luminous element is spherical, the sphere for the luminous element rotates by the action of the discharge, so that the discharge is generated. The part to be twisted is not easily concentrated on a specific part, and the discharge is highly likely to occur evenly in the entirety. Therefore, the shape of the light emitting heating element sphere is maintained as a spherical shape even if the sphere is deteriorated or deformed.

In the present invention, the densified carbon material means a carbon material having a density of 90.0% or more of the theoretical density of carbon. General carbon materials have a density of about 75! ¾, which is the theoretical density of carbon.

Further, if the contact form of the light emitting heating element spheres is point contact, the light emitting heating element sphere may be a polyhedron such as a dodecahedron, an icosahedron, or the like. Also includes the polyhedron as described above. However, it is more preferable that the sphere for a luminescent heating element is a true sphere.

Further, the luminous body for a light emitting heating element may be configured to contain at least one of titanium and tungsten. The light emitting heating element sphere having such a configuration is superior in mechanical properties such as hardness and elastic modulus, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance as compared with those not containing titanium and tungsten. Therefore, the luminescent heating element sphere is less susceptible to corrosion and oxidative deterioration due to the chemical substance such as the harmful substance, and can be used for a long time. The total content of titanium and tungsten is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight. If the content is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of improving the properties (mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, heat resistance) is small, and if it exceeds 20 parts by weight, cracks are liable to be generated in the luminescent heating element sphere. In addition, there may be inconveniences such as a tendency that the workability of the light emitting heating element sphere tends to decrease. Therefore, in order to avoid the above-mentioned inconvenience, it is necessary to perform detailed adjustment of the manufacturing conditions in the manufacturing process of the light emitting heating element sphere. From the balance between the characteristics of the luminescent heating element sphere and the inconvenience of the above-mentioned inconveniences, the total content of titanium and tungsten is determined. The weight is more preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight.

Furthermore, the luminescent heating element sphere may be configured to contain at least one of zirconium, niobium, boron, tantalum, and molybdenum. According to such a configuration, the heat resistance of the light emitting heating element sphere can be improved.

In addition, the total content of zirconium, niobium, boron, tantalum, and molybdenum is preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight. When the content is less than 10 parts by weight, the effect of improving heat resistance is small, and when the content is more than 20 parts by weight, cracks tend to be easily generated in the light emitting heat generating sphere.

Further, the structure may include at least one of titanium nitride and niobium nitride. Titanium nitride has a structure in which nitrogen atoms penetrate into the lattice of titanium atoms, has a hardness and heat resistance close to that of diamond, and has an effect of improving the hardness and heat resistance of the luminescent heating element sphere. . Niobium nitride has the effect of improving heat resistance.

Further, the luminescent heating element sphere may be configured to contain at least one of graphite, carbon black, coke, and charcoal.

Furthermore, the luminescent heating element sphere may be configured to contain at least one of carbon fibers, oxide fibers, carbide fibers, nitride fibers, and boron fibers. When such fibers are contained (especially when the fibers are contained in a form arranged in a certain direction), the strength ゃ abrasion resistance is improved.

Further, a plurality of the above-mentioned spheres for a light-emitting heating element can be assembled to form a light-emitting heat generating element. A discharge is generated between the light emitting heating element spheres by applying a voltage by bringing the plurality of light emitting heating element spheres into contact with each other. I will. Since the temperature of this discharge portion is high at about 300 ° C. or higher, if the luminescent heating element is applied to a processing device for the waste or the like, the high temperature of about 300 ° C. or higher causes Except for the boiling point metal, almost all substances including PCBs can be thermally decomposed without producing the harmful substances such as dioxin.

In addition, high temperature of about 300 ° C or more can be obtained instantaneously, and the temperature drops sharply when it is more than 10 cm away (about 200 ^nC ). It can be used in various fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which a voltage is applied to a light emitting heating element formed by assembling a plurality of light emitting heating element spheres.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a state of discharge in a sphere for a light emitting heating element.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a pyrolysis furnace for exhaust gas.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line AA of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiments of a luminous body and a luminous body according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Note that the present invention is not limited to only the embodiments described below.

(First Embodiment of Light-Emitting Heating Sphere)

55 parts by weight of a phenolic resin and 45 parts by weight of an acryl fiber having a length of 0.1 to 0.5 mm are mixed. In addition, instead of phenolic resin, Polydivinylbenzene resin may be used.

In addition, animal and plant fibers or a mixture of acrylic fiber and animal and plant fibers may be used instead of the acrylic fiber. Fibers such as ataryl fibers are carbonized in the manufacturing process of the sphere for the luminous element, and become carbon fibers inside the sphere for the luminous element. Further, instead of the acrylic fiber, at least one of oxide-based fibers, carbide-based fibers, nitride-based fibers, and boron-based fibers may be used.

A mixture of a phenolic resin and acryl fibers is filled in a mold, and the mixture is subjected to heat and pressure sufficient to cure the phenolic resin to form a sphere (for example, 33 mm in diameter). The shape of the molded product may be a hemisphere, a rectangular parallelepiped, a column, or the like. In the case of a hemisphere, at this stage, the two hemispheres are integrated into a spherical shape. Further, the molded product may have a hole, a concave portion, or the like for injecting a desired component.

Then, the molded article is subjected to a flameproofing treatment in an inert gas at 250 to 300 ° C., and further carbonized at 100 to L 500 ° C. Next, it is graphitized at 2000 to 300 ° C., and further subjected to a sizing treatment (surface treatment). In the carbonization and graphitization processes, graphite is densified by repeating firing in an inert gas while isotropically applying a pressure of 30 MPa or more by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). I do. Note that HIP is a method that can apply pressure isotropically to a spherical shape.

Many graphites and carbons have many pores on the surface and inside, and the surface area of the pores is usually about 25% of the total surface area. However, by the above-described operation, the surface area of the pores present on the surface and inside of the graphite can be reduced to 10% or less of the total surface area, and in some cases, to 5% or less.

When a phenolic resin is used as the filler, L, which has relatively few pores, Although graphite can be obtained, impervious graphite can be obtained with higher accuracy by sintering while applying pressure as described above. Such impervious graphite is resistant to most chemicals over a wide operating temperature range. Also, it has extremely high thermal conductivity compared to general corrosion resistant materials. Furthermore, it has excellent thermal stability and is not easily affected by sudden temperature changes.

The amount of the phenolic resin is preferably in the range of 10 to 60 parts by weight. When the amount of the phenolic resin exceeds 60 parts by weight, the specific gravity of the obtained impervious graphite becomes light, and air bubbles easily enter into the inside, and an uncured portion (gel-like portion) tends to remain. Or Furthermore, it is difficult to apply pressure isotropically in the carbonization process and the graphitization process. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, it becomes difficult to integrate the phenolic resin and acryl fibers into a molded product.

In order to prevent the above problems from occurring more reliably, it is more preferable to add the phenolic resin in an amount of 20 to 55 parts by weight. However, in consideration of thermal shock resistance, the amount of the phenolic resin required to harden the acrylic fiber is sufficient, and a smaller amount is preferable.

By performing such an operation, a spherical (for example, 30 mm in diameter) luminescent heating element sphere made of impervious graphite can be obtained. In the case of a rectangular parallelepiped or cylindrical shape, it is formed into a spherical shape by polishing or the like, and used as a sphere for a luminescent heating element. Since the luminescent heating element sphere is made of impervious graphite, it has the same or lower adsorbability as rubber. The strength is 2 to 3 times that of ordinary graphite, Shore hardness is 65 or more (68 in this embodiment), and density is 1.87 g / cm ³ or more (adjusted by the mixing ratio of fibers). Can be obtained). The tensile strength is 16.7 MPa, the bending strength is 35.3 MPa, the compressive strength is 98.0 MPa, and the elastic modulus is 127 000 M The thermal expansion coefficient is 3.0 x 10— ^S / ° C, the thermal conductivity is 151 WZm • ° C, and the heat resistance temperature is 300 ° C.

As for chemical properties, it shows excellent corrosion resistance to strongly acidic chemicals such as concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and strong alkaline chemicals such as aqueous sodium hydroxide. However, when a phenolic resin is used as a raw material, the alkali resistance may be slightly inferior. Tables 1 to 3 summarize the results of the corrosion resistance test. In addition, “all” in the concentration column in each table means “all concentrations”.

(Table 1) Chemical name Concentration Temperature Corrosion resistance ^1:

(% By weight) (.c)

(Acid)

Hydrochloric acid Total boiling point A Nitric acid 10 to 40.6 B Hydrofluoric acid 4 8 Boiling point A Hydrofluoric acid 4 8 to 6 0 9 0 A Sulfuric acid 2 5 to 7 5 1 3 0 A Phosphoric acid 8 5 Boiling point A Phosphoric acid 9 6 10 0 A Chromic acid 10 9 3 B Acetic acid Total boiling point A Oxalic acid Total boiling point A Sulfurous acid (sulfurous acid gas saturated)-Room temperature A Hydrochloric acid (chlorine gas saturated) 20 Boiling point A Hydrofluoric acid denitric acid 5Z 1 5 9 3 A

1) A: Not eroded at all

B: hardly eroded (Table 2) Chemical name Concentration Temperature Corrosion resistance

(% By weight) (.C)

[Al power]

Rayon spinning solution Boiling point A Caustic soda aqueous solution 6 7 Boiling point A Caustic soda aqueous solution 6 7-8 0 1 25 A

(Salt aqueous solution)

Zinc chloride Total boiling point A Iron chloride Total 100 A A Sodium chloride Total boiling point A Sodium hypochlorite 5 A Ammonium persulfate Total 18 A Copper sulfate Total boiling point A

[Halogen]

Chlorine 1 0 0 1 7 0 A Chlorine water Saturation A

1) A: Not eroded at all

B: hardly eroded 0951

(Table 3) Chemical name Temperature Corrosion resistance

(% By weight) (° C)

(Organic compound)

Acetone 1 0 0 Boiling point A Ethyl alcohol 9 5 Boiling point A Carbon tetrachloride 100 0 Boiling point A Ethyl tetrachloride 100 0 Boiling point A Cloth form 1 0 0 Boiling point A Kerosene 1 0 0 Boiling point A Dowtherm ²⁾ 7 0 A benzene 1 0 0 Boiling point A Benzene (saturated with chlorine) 1 0 0 6 0 A Benzyl chloride 1 0 0 1 7 0 A Methyl alcohol 1 0 0 Boiling point A Monochlorobenzene 1 0 0 Boiling point A

1) A: Not eroded at all

B: hardly eroded

2) Heat medium manufactured by Dow Chemical Since this luminescent heating element sphere is made of the above-described impervious graphite, it has the following excellent characteristics.

(1) It is hardly deteriorated by chemical substances such as the harmful substances.

(2) It is difficult to react with oxygen in the atmosphere or oxygen generated by the decomposition of the waste and the like, so that it hardly deteriorates, and almost no carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide is generated.

(3) High strength, low wear and excellent durability.

(4) Since there are few pores, it is difficult to adsorb the harmful substances and the like. Also, since it hardly adsorbs gases, it emits very little adsorbed gas at high temperatures.

(5) Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity.

(6) Resistant to shocks caused by sudden changes in temperature.

Although the luminous element sphere of the present embodiment can be used in air without any problem, it is preferable to use it in a vacuum state or an oxygen-free state, since the luminous element is hardly oxidized and deteriorated. The details will be described in the section of the embodiment of the luminescent heating element below.

(Embodiment of light emitting heating element)

A method for generating light and heat by applying a voltage to a light emitting heating element formed by assembling a plurality of light emitting heating element spheres of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which a voltage is applied to a light emitting heating element H formed by assembling a plurality of light emitting heating element spheres 1. FIG. 2 (a) is a conceptual diagram showing a plurality of light emitting heating element spheres 1 in point contact with each other, and FIG. 2 (b) is a conceptual diagram in which the contact portion is enlarged. is there.

—A plurality of light emitting heating element spheres 1 constituting the light emitting heating element H are interposed between the pair of plate-shaped electrodes E 1 and E 2. The electrode E is preferably a carbon electrode. Often used. Since the luminescent heating element spheres 1 are spherical, the luminescent heating element spheres 1 are in point contact with each other.

A power source (not shown) is connected to the electrodes E 1 and E 2. Then, when a voltage of about 200 V is applied to the carbon electrodes E, E, a discharge is generated between the adjacent spheres 1 for the light emitting heating element, and the discharge is performed in all the spheres 1 for the light emitting heating element. become.

The mechanism by which discharge occurs is described in detail with reference to FIG.

Since the light emitting heating element sphere 1 is spherical, the contact form is point contact as described above. However, since the surface of the luminescent heating element sphere 1 has small irregularities when viewed microscopically, in the contact portion, the contact point where the convex portions are in contact with each other, and the gap portion Exists. When a voltage is applied thereto, energization occurs through the contact points.However, the area where the light emitting heating element spheres 1 are in contact with each other is small, and a large current cannot be applied. Occurs and a spark S occurs. Therefore, if the luminescent heating element spheres 1 are in line contact or surface contact with each other and the contacting area is large, a large amount of current flows, and the discharge efficiency is reduced.

The temperature of this discharge part (spark S) is about 300 ° C., and the light-emitting heating element H can be cooled to a high temperature of about 300 ° C. within a few tens of seconds after the voltage is applied. Set. If the discharge is stable, a low voltage of about 30 V (current of 300 to 400 A) is sufficient. Note that the temperature obtained can be adjusted by the degree of the applied voltage. Therefore, the degree of the applied voltage may be changed as desired.

For example, if the initially applied voltage is between 400 and 500 V, it is possible to obtain a high temperature of about 500 ° C. At about 500 ° C, almost everything is decomposed and even ash, which is the residue of general incinerators And there is no residue at all. In addition, since the decomposition rate is high, a large amount of waste can be continuously decomposed. Note that once the temperature reaches about 500 ° C, a voltage of about 30 V is sufficient.

When the luminous heating element H is applied to the waste treatment device (pyrolysis furnace), when the temperature is stabilized at about 300 ° C., the luminous heating element H is brought into contact with the waste. Strictly speaking, the waste is brought into contact with the discharge portion (spark S). As a result, the waste and the like are heated to a high temperature of about 300 ° C. and thermally decomposed into harmless low-molecular-weight substances without generating the harmful substances such as dioxin.

When the luminescent heating element H is applied to an apparatus for thermally decomposing exhaust gas or ash containing the harmful substance discharged from an incinerator, the exhaust gas or the ash is converted to the luminescent heating element H (strictly speaking). And the discharge portion (spark S)). As a result, the exhaust gas or the ash is heated to a high temperature of about 300 ° C., and the contained harmful substances are thermally decomposed into harmless low molecular weight substances. An example in which the present invention is applied to an apparatus for thermally decomposing exhaust gas containing the harmful substances discharged from a waste gas (pyrolysis furnace for exhaust gas) will be described in detail later as a usage example.

Along with the heat generation, the discharge also produces peculiar intense light. It is considered that the light accelerates the decomposition reaction in the thermal decomposition of the harmful substance such as dioxin. In particular, the effect of promoting the thermal decomposition of dioxin is considered to be high.

The temperature of the discharge portion is as high as about 300 ° C., but the temperature at a position distant from the area by more than 10 cm is about 200 ° C. or less. In addition, even when the temperature is as high as about 500 ° C., the temperature drops abruptly at a position about 20 to 30 cm away.

Therefore, the low molecular weight material generated by pyrolysis is It will be rapidly cooled to about 200 ° C or less. In the case of slow cooling, the time period during which the low-molecular-weight substance is placed at a temperature at which dioxin is likely to be generated is prolonged, and dioxin may be regenerated during cooling. when using, the as described above in order to lower molecular weight material is rapidly cooled, the light emitting heating elements H possibilities little _c present embodiment dioxin is regenerated, available without problems in air However, when used in a vacuum state or an oxygen-free state, the luminescent heating element sphere 1 is less likely to be oxidized and deteriorated, which is preferable as a use condition.

If the luminous heating element sphere 1 can be prevented from being oxidized and deteriorated, it is unlikely that the luminous heating element sphere 1 is deformed and the discharge efficiency is reduced, so the luminous heating element sphere 1 is used for a long period of time. For example, in the case where the luminescent heating element sphere 1 is a true sphere, the discharge efficiency is very good, but when it is deformed due to oxidative deterioration, the discharge efficiency is reduced.

In particular, since the discharge efficiency is good and a high temperature is easily obtained in a vacuum state, the high temperature can be obtained with a small amount of power, and there is also an effect that the cost for obtaining the high temperature is inexpensive. Furthermore, since the existence density of molecules is low under a vacuum, there is an advantage that it is difficult to generate new chemical substances by recombining decomposed molecules.

The aforementioned anoxic state means a state where the oxygen concentration is equal to or lower than the oxygen concentration in the air. The lower the oxygen concentration, the better, but there is no problem if the oxygen concentration is lower than the oxygen concentration in the air. When the oxygen concentration exceeds the oxygen concentration in the air, the luminescent heating element sphere 1 becomes oxidatively deteriorated.

Further, the above-mentioned vacuum state means a state where the degree of vacuum is lower than the atmospheric pressure. The higher the degree of vacuum, the more preferable because of the same reason as in the case of the oxygen concentration described above and the higher discharge efficiency as described above. However, the degree of vacuum is At medium vacuum (less than 1 0 P a 1 0- ² P a higher) is sufficient, no problem even low vacuum (1 0 P a higher atmospheric pressure non满).

The waste or the like or the exhaust gas may be thermally decomposed by directly contacting the luminescent heating element H, or may be thermally decomposed by being indirectly heated from the outside while being disposed in a container or piping. Good. When brought into direct contact, the waste and the exhaust gas are heated to a high temperature of about 300 ° C., so that they can be almost completely thermally decomposed.

In the case of indirect heating, the waste or the like or the exhaust gas or the like does not come into contact with the luminescent heating element H. There is an advantage that the sphere for use 1 does not corrode or deteriorate and can be used for a long period of time.

Further, since the light emitting heating element H is separated from the waste or the like, the exhaust gas, or the like, the light emitting heating element H can be placed under a high oxygen-free state or a high vacuum state. Therefore, since the luminous body 1 is hardly oxidized and deteriorated, the luminous body 1 can be used for a longer period of time. In addition, if the device can be placed under a high vacuum, the discharge efficiency is better and a higher temperature can be easily obtained, so that a higher temperature can be obtained with less power and the cost for obtaining the higher temperature is lower. Becomes

(Second Embodiment of Light Emitting Heating Element)

Except for the raw materials to be used, it is completely the same as the first embodiment, so the description of the same parts will be omitted, and only the differences will be described.

Except for using graphite powder (fixed carbon: 99.5%, average particle size: 4 m) instead of the acrylic fiber in the first embodiment, luminescence was performed in exactly the same manner as in the first embodiment. A sphere for a heating element was manufactured. The graphite powder may be charcoal black powder, fine powder of charcoal such as coke or bincho charcoal, or a mixture of two or more of these. The light emitting heating element sphere thus obtained had the same excellent properties as the light emitting heating element sphere of the first embodiment.

Note that, similarly to the light emitting heating element sphere of the first embodiment, the light emitting heating element of the present embodiment can also constitute a light emitting heating element to generate light and heat. The method is based on the case of the luminescent heating element sphere of the first embodiment.

Since it is the same as (described in the section of the embodiment of the light emitting heating element), the description thereof is omitted.

(Third Embodiment of Light-Emitting Heating Sphere)

Mix 55 parts by weight of phenolic resin, 40 parts by weight of graphite powder (99.5% of fixed carbon, average particle size 4) and 5 parts by weight of carbon fiber.

Note that a polydivinylbenzene resin may be used instead of the phenol resin. In addition, the graphite powder may be carbon black powder, cox, charcoal fine powder such as bincho charcoal, acrylic fiber, animal or plant fiber, or a mixture of two or more of these. Further, at least one of oxide-based fibers, carbide-based fibers, nitride-based fibers, and boron-based fibers may be used instead of carbon fibers.

A mixture of phenolic resin, graphite powder, and carbon fiber is subjected to the same operation as in the first embodiment to produce a spherical luminescent heating element sphere made of high-density, small-pore, impervious graphite. did.

The sphere for a luminous element thus obtained has the same excellent properties as the sphere for a luminous element of the first embodiment, and also has a higher strength due to the addition of carbon fibers.

The amount of phenolic resin added was 10 to 60 parts by weight, and The powder is preferably 30 to 89 parts by weight, and the carbon fiber is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, and it is possible to produce spheres for luminescent heating elements having various characteristics with a composition within this range. .

If the phenolic resin exceeds 60 parts by weight, the above-mentioned inconvenience may occur in the first embodiment. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, it becomes difficult to integrate the phenolic resin and the graphite powder into a molded product. In order to more reliably prevent the above problems from occurring, the amount of the phenolic resin to be added is preferably 20 to 55 parts by weight. However, the amount of the phenolic resin necessary for solidifying the graphite powder is sufficient, and a smaller amount is preferable in consideration of thermal shock resistance.

If the amount of carbon fiber added is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of improving the strength is small, and if it exceeds 10 parts by weight, cracks tend to occur in the obtained luminescent heating element sphere. . In consideration of the balance between the strength and the difficulty of crack generation, it is more preferable to add the carbon fiber in an amount of 3 to 7 parts by weight.

Note that, similarly to the light emitting heating element sphere of the first embodiment, the light emitting heating element of the present embodiment can also constitute a light emitting heating element to generate light and heat. The method is the same as in the case of the light emitting heating element sphere of the first embodiment (described in the section of the light emitting heating element embodiment), and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Fourth embodiment of light emitting heating element sphere)

55 parts by weight of phenolic resin, 40 parts by weight of graphite powder (fixed carbon 99.5%, average particle size 4) and 40 parts by weight of tungsten powder (average Particle size: about 1.0 μm, bulk specific gravity (no load): 4.22, purity: 99.9% or more) 5 parts by weight. Note that a polydivinylbenzene resin may be used instead of the phenol resin. The graphite powder may be charcoal black powder, coke, fine powder of charcoal such as bincho charcoal, acrylic fiber, animal or plant fiber, or a mixture of two or more of these. Further, the tungsten powder may be titanium powder (average particle size of about 1.0 // m, bulk specific gravity (no load) of 1.5 to 2.0, purity of 99.9% or more) or the above-mentioned stainless steel powder And a mixture of the above-mentioned titanium powder.

A mixture of phenolic resin, graphite powder, and tungsten powder was subjected to the same operation as in the first embodiment to produce a spherical luminescent heating element sphere made of high-density, small-pore, impervious graphite. . However, unlike the case of the first embodiment, the light emitting heating element sphere of the present embodiment contains tungsten, and the final step of graphitization is performed in an inert gas at about 300 ° C. C has a heat treatment step.

Tungsten is treated with ditungsten monocarbide (W ₂ C, formula weight 37.9.71, density 17.2 g Z cm ³ , Mohs hardness 9, electrical resistivity 8 1 by heat treatment at about 300 ° C. Ωcm (25 ° C)), and when titanium is contained, titanium carbide (TiC, formula weight 59.90, melting point 3140 ± 90 ° C, It has a boiling point of 4300 ° C, a density of 4.94 g Z cm ³ , and an electrical resistivity of 19 μΩcm (room temperature). In addition, when titanium monocarbide is heated at 240 ° C. or higher, its crystal form becomes a stable / 3 _type.c titanium has a melting point of 1675 ° C. and a boiling point of 32 With the strength of 62 ° C and the density of 4.54 g / cm ³ , the melting point and boiling point are greatly increased and the density is also increased by forming titanium carbide. The melting point of tungsten is 3387 ° C and the boiling point is 5962 ° C.

At least one of such tungsten carbide and titanium carbide is used. The sphere for a light emitting heating element made of impregnated graphite contained therein has the features described in the items of the first embodiment as described in (1) to (6) above. Corrosion resistance and mechanical strength (higher hardness, elastic modulus is 31000 to 44000 MPa) and heat resistance (compared to those not containing Nitan stainless steel and titanium carbide) (More than 300 ° C). Further, the electric conductivity is excellent (the electric resistivity is 70 O / z QZcm or less. In the case of the present embodiment, it is 10 Ω / cm), and the discharge efficiency is good.

Approximately 300 in inert gas. Heat treatment with C has the following advantages.

(a) After the heat treatment, it is not necessary to perform a finishing treatment such as a brilliant heat treatment (a treatment for making the surface of the sphere for the luminous heating element glossy) or the like.

(b) The sphere for the light emitting heating element is small in use.

(c) Pollution-free.

The amount of the phenolic resin is preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, the amount of the graphite powder is preferably 20 to 89 parts by weight, and the amount of the tungsten powder is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight. If the phenolic resin is out of the above range, the above-described inconvenience may occur in the third embodiment. If the tungsten powder is added in an amount exceeding 10 parts by weight, the amount of the phenolic resin added must be reduced to integrate the phenolic resin, graphite powder, and tungsten powder into a molded product. The content is preferably 20 to 60 parts by weight.

On the other hand, if the added amount of the tungsten powder is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of improving mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and heat resistance is small, and if it exceeds 20 parts by weight, the mechanical properties tend to decrease. Cracks on the sphere for the luminous heating element In some cases, inconveniences may occur, such as the tendency that the sphere for the light emitting heating element tends to deteriorate. In order to sufficiently improve mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance, and to ensure that the above-mentioned problems of cracking and workability do not occur, the amount of tungsten powder added should be 5 to 10 parts by weight. The power to do is more preferable.

However, the above-mentioned cracks and workability problems are likely to occur when the luminescent heating element sphere is formed by integrating two hemispheres into a sphere, and when the raw material is formed into a sphere from the beginning. Is unlikely to occur. Therefore, if a sphere having holes and recesses is molded from the raw material, and the tungsten powder is injected from the holes and recesses to produce spheres for the luminescent heating element, the added amount of tungsten powder exceeds 10 parts by weight. However, it is unlikely that the above problems will occur. Therefore, when the addition amount of the tungsten powder is more than 10 parts by weight and not more than 20 parts by weight, it is desirable to adopt the above method.

(Fifth Embodiment of Light-Emitting Heating Element Sphere)

An example in which the graphite powder is used in a larger amount than the phenolic resin will be described. When the phenolic resin is used as the binder as described above, there is an advantage that the hardness is improved. Except for the raw materials to be used, it is completely the same as the first embodiment, so the description of the same parts will be omitted, and only the differences will be described.

20 parts by weight of phenolic resin and graphite powder (fixed carbon 99. 70% by weight of tungsten powder (average particle size: about 1.011, purity: 99.9% or more) and 10 parts by weight are mixed. Note that a polydivinylbenzene resin may be used instead of the phenol resin. The graphite powder may be charcoal black powder, coke, fine powder of charcoal such as bincho charcoal, acrylic fiber, animal or plant fiber, or a mixture of two or more of these. Further, the tungsten powder may be a titanium powder or a mixture of the tungsten powder and the titanium powder. A mixture of phenolic resin, graphite powder, and tungsten powder is subjected to the same operation as in the fourth embodiment to produce a spherical luminescent heating element sphere made of high-density, small-pore, impervious graphite. did.

The sphere for a luminous element thus obtained has the same excellent properties as the sphere for a luminous element of the fourth embodiment, and the specific gravity was 1.5 to 1.8. . However, when tungsten powder with a specific gravity of 9. O gZ cm ³ (pressed with a pressure of 98 MPa) is used, the specific gravity of the luminescent heating element sphere is 2.66 to 2.7. In order to maintain the impermeability of the luminescent heating element sphere and to increase the density by applying pressure, it is more preferable to use evening stainless powder having a specific gravity of 9.0 gZ cm ³ .

(Sixth Embodiment of Light-Emitting Heating Element Sphere)

Except for the raw materials to be used, it is almost the same as the first embodiment, so the description of the same parts is omitted, and only the differences will be described.

20 parts by weight of phenolic resin and 10 to 20 parts by weight of zirconium powder And graphite powder (fixed carbon 99.5%, average particle size 4 m) of 60 to 70 parts by weight are mixed. Note that a polydivinylbenzene resin may be used instead of the phenol resin. The graphite powder may be carbon black powder, coke, fine powder of charcoal such as Bincho charcoal, acrylic fiber, animal or plant fiber, or a mixture of two or more of these.

The mixture of the phenolic resin, the graphite powder, and the zirconium powder is first heated to 250 to 300 ° C. to cure the phenolic resin, and then heated to 190 ° C. (the melting point of zirconium 18 HIP at 57 ° C or higher) to react carbon and zirconium to form zirconium carbide ZrC (melting point 350 ° C, boiling point 5100 ° C, Mohs hardness 8-9 or more). A carbon material with high density and few pores was used. Then, HIP firing was further performed at 300 ° C. to produce a spherical luminescent heating element sphere made of impervious graphite. If the added metal is zirconium, its melting point is 1857 ° C, so HIP baking was performed at 190 ° C above its melting point. Since H is reacted with carbon to form a metal carbide, it is preferable to perform H 1 P firing at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the metal.

The luminescent heating element sphere thus obtained has the same excellent properties as the luminescent heating element sphere of the first embodiment, and the heat resistance of the luminescent heating element sphere is further enhanced by the addition of zirconium powder. Are better.

If the amount of the zirconium powder is less than 10 parts by weight, a large improvement in heat resistance cannot be expected. If the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, cracks occur as in the fourth and fifth embodiments. There is a problem that it becomes easier.

The zirconium powder may be niobium powder (Nb), boron powder (B), tantalum powder (T a), or molybdenum powder (Mo), or a mixture of two or more of these. Good. Further, at least one of tungsten powder and titanium powder may be added to these. It The amount of each addition should be 10 to 20 parts by weight, and the total amount of these metal components should not exceed 40 parts by weight. The graphite powder (carbon black powder) is preferably at least 40 parts by weight, and the phenolic resin as a binder is preferably about 20 parts by weight.

When zirconium powder and niobium powder are used together, they react at a high temperature, and the reaction product has superconductivity. Niob reacts with graphite powder (Ribbon black powder) to form niobium carbide, which has the effect of improving the heat resistance, hardness, and conductivity of the luminescent heating element sphere.

With regard to the light emitting heating element sphere of the present embodiment, similarly to the light emitting heating element sphere of the first embodiment, the light emitting heating element can be configured to generate light and heat. The method is the same as that of the case of the sphere for the light emitting heating element of the first embodiment (described in the section of the embodiment of the light emitting heating element).

Also, in each of the embodiments described so far, an example was described in which the raw material was placed in a mold and heated and pressed to form a spherical shape. However, the raw material was placed in a capsule and heated and pressed to form a rod shape. Later, it may be cut into a spherical shape. In this case, after the raw materials are put in a capsule, the inside of the capsule is evacuated to vacuum and heated to cure the phenolic resin. Then, the temperature is raised to 900 ° C. or higher, HIP firing is performed at a pressure of 49 to 294 MPa, and HIP firing is performed at 300 ° C.

Even before the HIP baking at 300 ° C., the carbon material becomes extremely densified (a carbon material having a density of 90.0% or more of the theoretical density of carbon). Therefore, if the rod-like carbon material is ground into a spherical shape, it can be suitably used as a sphere for a light-emitting heating element having few pores. In the case of a method using a mold, the process of forming into a spherical shape and the HIP firing process Although it is necessary to perform two completely different steps, a method using such a capsule is economical because only one HIP firing step is required.

The material of the capsule is not particularly limited as long as it does not react with the raw materials at high temperatures, but usually, stainless steel, aluminum, iron and the like are used.

(Seventh Embodiment of Light-Emitting Heating Sphere)

An example using pitch (petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, pine pitch, etc.) as the binder will be described.

Mix graphite powder (Ribbon black powder), pitch, metal powder, and a small amount of (minimum) solvent, and charge into a cylindrical capsule made of stainless steel, aluminum, iron, etc. ( The charging amount is about 80 V o 1% of the capsule capacity). The inside of the capsule is evacuated, baked at 1000 in vacuum, and then baked at 190 ° C. or more under a pressure of 49 to 2994 MPa to carbonize. Then, it was further graphitized at 300 ° C. and processed into a sphere to produce a luminescent heating element sphere made of high-density, small-pore L, impervious graphite. The graphite powder is 40 parts by weight or more. The metal powder is at least one selected from tungsten powder, titanium powder, zirconium powder, niobium powder, boron powder, tantalum powder, and molybdenum powder, for a total of 10 to 20 parts by weight.

Also, even before the graphitization at 300 ° C, the carbon material is extremely densified, so if it is ground to a spherical shape, it will have fewer pores. It can be suitably used as a sphere for a light emitting heating element.

Note that, similarly to the light emitting heating element sphere of the first embodiment, the light emitting heating element of the present embodiment can also constitute a light emitting heating element to generate light and heat. The method is based on the case of the luminescent heating element sphere of the first embodiment. Since it is the same as (described in the section of the embodiment of the light emitting heating element), the description thereof is omitted.

(Eighth Embodiment of Light-Emitting Heating Element Sphere)

In the above-described first to sixth embodiments, the pressurizing and firing steps are performed in an inert gas. However, if the inert gas is nitrogen, the added metal components such as titanium and niobium are nitrided. Therefore, it is possible to further enhance the strength, hardness, and discharge resistance of the luminescent heating element sphere.

Further, the same effect can be obtained by firing the sphere for a light emitting heating element manufactured in the first to seventh embodiments again at 900 to 200 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. be able to.

(Example of use)

The luminous body for a luminous heating element according to the present invention, and the luminous heating element composed of the sphere for a luminous heating element, heat the exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator to a high temperature, and remove the harmful substances such as dioxin contained in the exhaust gas. An example in which the substance is used in an exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace that decomposes and detoxifies substances will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. In the following description, terms indicating directions such as “up”, “down”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right” mean respective directions in each drawing for convenience of explanation. I can do it.

It should be noted that the light emitting heating element sphere of the present invention, and the light emitting heating element sphere. The application examples of the luminescent heating element are not limited to the use examples described below.

The exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 having a heating chamber 10 therein has an inlet 20 for introducing exhaust gas into the heating chamber 10 on one side thereof, and the decomposition gas into which the exhaust gas is thermally decomposed. An exhaust port 21 is provided on an upper surface of the heating chamber 10 for discharging the gas to the outside of the heating chamber 10. The inlet 20 is composed of a pipe having a double structure consisting of an outer pipe 20a made of ceramic and an inner pipe 20b made of carbon. It is composed of a pipe having a double structure composed of an outer pipe 21a made of ceramic and an inner pipe 21b made of carbon.

The outer wall 11 of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 has a two-layer structure, and is composed of an iron plate 12 coated with an outer layer heat-resistant paint and an inner layer heat-resistant refractory brick 14. As described later, the inside of the heating chamber 10 is at a high temperature of about 300 ° C. Since it is in an anoxic state or a vacuum state, heat conduction is low, so the configuration of the outer wall 11 is such a simple structure. Things are enough.

The rectangular parallelepiped space surrounded by the heat-resistant refractory bricks 14 forms an airtight heating chamber 10, and the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet 20 is heated and thermally decomposed in the heating chamber 10. However, the structure is such that the decomposition gas is exhausted from the exhaust port 21. The joints of the heat-resistant refractory bricks 14 are filled with irregular-shaped refractories such as refractory concrete (not shown), so that the airtightness of the heating chamber 10 is enhanced.

Inside the heating chamber 10, there is provided a carbon heat-resistant tube 22 for connecting the inlet 20 and the outlet 11. The heat-resistant tube 22 may be made of another material such as alumina as long as it can withstand a high temperature of about 300 ° C. Depending on the material, the structure may be a double structure in order to improve the heat resistance and strength of the heat-resistant tube 22.

The heat-resistant tube 2 2 has a horizontal portion and a vertical portion along the side of the heating chamber 10. And force <, are alternately combined, and have a form that extends vertically while meandering. And furthermore, the horizontal portion

(3 tubes in the example in Fig. 5), and then merge into one. That is, the heat-resistant tube 22 has a form in which branching, merging, and meandering are repeated.

The heating chamber 10 other than the inside of the heat-resistant tube 22 is filled with a large number of the light-emitting heating element spheres 4 of the fourth embodiment. And constitute a luminous heating element. Since the luminescent heating element sphere 4 is spherical, it is in point contact with an adjacent luminescent heating element sphere 4. In addition, it is in point contact with the heat-resistant tube 22.

On the top and bottom surfaces of the heating chamber 10, two plate-like pressure electrodes 30 and 30 constituting a pair of electrodes are disposed, and the luminescent heating element sphere 4 is provided with two force electrodes. It has a structure interposed between the bon electrodes 30 and 30. Carbon rods 31 and 31 are attached to the carbon electrodes 30 and 30, and the carbon rods 31 protrude outside the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 through the outer wall 11. The carbon rod 31 may be a rod made of heat-resistant and fire-resistant stainless steel. However, if the rod made of a heat-resistant and fire-resistant stainless steel penetrates the carbon electrode 30 and comes into contact with the luminescent heating element sphere 4, the contact part is made of carbon to prevent deterioration. It is necessary to cover with cover material.

Further, a fibrous activated carbon filter-50 is provided between the heating chamber 10 and the exhaust port 21. Innumerable pores on the surface of activated carbon (micropores with a diameter of 20 A or less, intermediate pores with a diameter of more than 20 A and less than 100 A, There are macro pores.) There is, therefore a specific surface area as large as 5 0 0 ~ 1 7 0 O m 2 Z g, the activated carbon have a strong adsorption properties, physical selectively larger molecules Can be adsorbed. Note that granular activated carbon may be used instead of the fibrous activated carbon filter 50. No.

The exhaust port 21 is provided with a blower 51 that sucks exhaust gas from the inlet port 20 and introduces the exhaust gas into the heating chamber 10. The blower 51 may be a vacuum pump.

An opening 52 is provided at the top and bottom of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 where the pressure electrode 30 is provided, so that the inside of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 can be inspected or inspected. Maintenance (inspection of the degree of deterioration of the luminescent heating element sphere 4, the carbon electrode 30, the heat-resistant refractory brick 14 and the like, and replacement of the luminescent heating element sphere 4, the carbon electrode 30) can be performed. In addition, after covering the opening 5 with an iron plate 53, the plate 53 is fixed to the outer wall 11 with a plurality of bolts 54, and further, the surface of the iron plate 12 of the plate 53 and the outer wall 11 is fixed. Since a refractory sheet (seal material) (not shown) is interposed between the furnace and the furnace, the airtightness in the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 is sufficiently maintained. Furthermore, since the refractory concrete 55 is provided between the carbon electrode 30 and the plate 53, the heat retention in the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 is sufficiently maintained. The refractory concrete 55 may be a refractory brick.

Next, a method for thermally decomposing harmful substances in exhaust gas using such an exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 will be described.

Heating chamber 1 0 is not connected to a vacuum pump (not shown), vacuum more heating chamber 1 within 0 to vacuum pump (e.g., 6. 7 X 1 0- ² may be used as the high vacuum of the order of P a , And a low vacuum of about 0.02 to 0.6 MPa may be used). Therefore, the light emitting / heating element sphere 4 filled in the heating chamber 10 is also placed in a vacuum state.

A power source (not shown) is connected to the carbon rods 31 and 31. When a voltage of about 200 V is applied to the pressure electrodes 30 and 30, a discharge is generated between the light emitting heating element spheres 4, and the discharge is caused by all the light emitting heating elements in the heating chamber 10. for It will be done on sphere 4. In addition, a discharge is also performed between the luminous body 4 and the heat-resistant tube 2.

This discharge portion is at about 300 ° C., and the inside of the heating chamber 10 is heated to about 300 ° C. in a short time of several tens of seconds after applying the voltage. Since a discharge is also generated between the luminescent heating element sphere 4 and the heat-resistant tube 22, the heat-resistant tube 22 also has a high temperature of about 300 ° C. Due to this high temperature, the exhaust gas introduced into the heat-resistant tube 22 has a high temperature exceeding 2000 ° C. When no discharge occurs between the luminous element sphere 4 and the heat-resistant tube 22, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the heat-resistant tube 22 is 160 to 200 ° C. . At this time, the temperature of the outer wall 11 (iron plate 12) of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 is about room temperature. If the discharge becomes stable, a low voltage of about 30 V (current of 300-40 O A) is sufficient. Note that the temperature to be obtained can be adjusted by the degree of the applied voltage. Therefore, the degree of the applied voltage may be changed as desired.

When the chimney of the incinerator is connected to the inlet 20 as shown in the figure, the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is introduced into the heat-resistant tube 22. Since the exhaust gas in the heat-resistant tube 22 is sucked by the blower 51, the exhaust gas does not flow backward or stay in the heat-resistant tube 22. Since the exhaust gas introduced into the heat-resistant pipe 22 is exposed to a high temperature exceeding 200 ° C, harmful substances such as dust, carbon dioxide, chlorine compounds, nitrogen compounds, and dioxin contained in the exhaust gas may burn. It is decomposed without heat and becomes harmless decomposition gas.

It should be noted that the discharge generates light as well as heat. This luminescence is considered to have the effect of accelerating the decomposition reaction of the harmful substance during thermal decomposition. In particular, its effect is considered to be high in the thermal decomposition of dioxin.

This cracked gas contains harmless low molecular weight substances, hydrocarbons, heavy metals, etc. However, since these are absorbed by the activated carbon filter 150, they are not discharged to the outside of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 from the exhaust port 21. There is also a possibility that a small amount of harmful substances may remain, but this is also adsorbed by the activated carbon filter 150, and is discharged from the exhaust port 21 to the outside of the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6. Never.

The activated carbon filter 150 can be regenerated by spraying steam at 120 to 200 ° C. and used repeatedly. For this reason, it is excellent in terms of economy and prevention of secondary pollution. It is also possible to recover heavy metals from an activated carbon filter 50 with an increased ratio of adsorbed heavy metals by crushing with an industrial mill or the like and sieving at the specific gravity o

The positions of the inlet 20, the outlet 21, and the blower _ 51 in the exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace 6 are not limited to the use example as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved. Absent. For example, the blower 51 is attached to the exhaust port 21 in this usage example, but may be attached between the incinerator for discharging exhaust gas and the inlet port 20.

When the incinerator emits a large amount of exhaust gas, a plurality of exhaust gas pyrolysis furnaces 6 may be attached to the incinerator. In that case, the exhaust gas from the incinerator is branched using an adapter for connecting the chimney of the incinerator to the inlets 20 of the plurality of exhaust gas pyrolysis furnaces 6, and each exhaust gas is separated. To the thermal decomposition furnace 6

Furthermore, in this use example, in order to allow sufficient time for the exhaust gas to be heated, the heat-resistant pipe 22 is formed in a meandering form, but the type, concentration, and decomposition of harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas are used. The shape of the heat-resistant tube 22 can be freely designed according to conditions such as the amount of exhaust gas to be treated, and may be, for example, a linear shape. In this example, the heat-resistant tube 22 is Although the configuration has been described as extending vertically, it is a matter of course that the configuration may extend horizontally. When it is configured to extend in the horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the usage amount and the power consumption of the light emitting heating element sphere 4.

In this use example, the case where the sphere for a light emitting heating element and the light emitting heating element of the present invention are applied to an exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace has been described. in the case of using a light-emitting and heat generation, the availability of the _c industry is a matter of course it is also applicable to other devices such as a thermal cracker waste

As described above, the luminous heating element of the present invention can obtain a high temperature of about 300 ° C. or more even in the air, dust compounds, chlorine compounds such as hydrogen chloride, nitrogen compounds such as NOX, dioxin, etc. It is possible to efficiently decompose the wastes mentioned above without generating harmful substances. In addition, the sphere for a light-emitting heating element of the present invention constitutes the light-emitting heating element and is not easily susceptible to corrosion or oxidation by a chemical substance such as the harmful substance. It is difficult to adsorb substances.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A sphere for a light-emitting heating element, characterized by having a high-density carbon material as a main component and a spherical shape.

2. The sphere for a light emitting heating element according to claim 1, wherein said carbon material is impermeable graphite.

3. The luminescent heating element sphere according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sphere contains at least one of titanium and tungsten.

4. The sphere for a light emitting heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sphere contains at least one of zirconium, niobium, boron, tantalum, and molybdenum.

5. The luminescent heating element sphere according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sphere contains at least one of titanium nitride and niobium nitride.

6. The luminescent heating element sphere according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sphere contains at least one of graphite, carbon black, coke, and charcoal.

7. Claims 1 to 6 characterized by containing at least one of carbon fibers, oxide fibers, carbide fibers, nitride fibers, and boron fibers. The sphere for a light emitting heating element according to any one of the above.

8. A luminescent heating element comprising a plurality of luminescent heating element spheres according to any one of claims 1 to 7 assembled. Claims of amendment

[September 19, 2000 (19.0 9.00) Accepted by the International Bureau: New claims 9 and 10 have been added: other claims remain unchanged. (Page 2)]

2. The carbon material is made of impervious graphite.

A sphere for a luminescent heating element according to claim 1.

3. The luminescent heating element sphere according to claim 1, wherein the sphere contains at least one of titanium and tungsten.

4. Claims 1 to 3 characterized in that they contain at least one of zirconium, niobium, boron, tantalum and molybdenum.

Item 6. A sphere for a light emitting heating element according to any one of the above items.

5. The sphere for a light emitting heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sphere contains at least one of titanium nitride and niobium nitride.

6. The sphere for a luminous heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sphere contains at least one of graphite, carbon black, coke, and charcoal.

8. A light emitting heating element comprising a plurality of the light emitting heating element spheres according to any one of claims 1 to 7 assembled.

9. The emission according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the carbon material has a density of 90.0% or more of the theoretical density of carbon. Sphere for heating element.

10 (after correction) The impervious graphite is present on its surface and inside

36 Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) 10. The sphere for a light emitting heating element according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the surface area of the pores is 10% or less of the total surface area.

37

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) Statement based on Article 19 of the Convention Statement based on the provisions of Article 19 (1) of the Convention Articles 9 and 10 of the New Claims have been newly added by amendment.

that's all