WO2001018986A1

WO2001018986A1 - Interference cancellation in a spread spectrum communication system

Info

Publication number: WO2001018986A1
Application number: PCT/US2000/024875
Authority: WO
Inventors: David K. Mesecher; Alexander Reznik; Donald Grieco; Gary Cheung
Original assignee: Interdigital Technology Corporation
Priority date: 1999-09-10
Filing date: 2000-09-11
Publication date: 2001-03-15
Also published as: IL181375A0; HK1097362A1; DE60043903D1; DE60014935T2; HK1103317A1; EP1210777B1; EP1475900A2; US20060098720A1; WO2001018993A1; DE60012944D1; CA2498521C; JP2011078117A; ATE465561T1; ES2342062T3; US20110026496A1; IL181375A; MXPA02002522A; HK1072838A1; CN1373941A; ATE273587T1

Abstract

A transmitter transmits a spread spectrum pilot and data signal. Each signal has an associated chip code. A receiver receives the transmitted pilot and data signal. The received pilot signal is filtered using the pilot chip code and weights are determined for components of the received pilot signal using an adaptive algorithm. The received data signal is weighted by the determined weights and filtered with the data signal chip code to recover data from the received data signal.

Description

INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION LN A SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates generally to signal transmission and reception

in a wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system. More

specifically, the invention relates to reception of signals to reduce interference in a

wireless CDMA communication system.

A prior art CDMA communication system is shown in Figure 1. The

communication system has a plurality of base stations 20-32. Each base station 20

communicates using spread spectrum CDMA with user equipment (UEs) 34-38

within its operating area. Communications from the base station 20 to each UE 34-

38 are referred to as downlink communications and communications from each UE

34-38 to the base station 20 are referred to as uplink communications.

Shown in Figure 2 is a simplified CDMA transmitter and receiver. A data

signal having a given bandwidth is mixed by a mixer 40 with a pseudo random chip

code sequence producing a digital spread spectrum signal for transmission by an

antenna 42. Upon reception at an antenna 44, the data is reproduced after correlation

at a mixer 46 with the same pseudo random chip code sequence used to transmit the

data. By using different pseudo random chip code sequences, many data signals use

the same channel bandwidth. In particular, a base station 20 will communicate

signals to multiple UEs 34-38 over the same bandwidth. For timing synchronization with a receiver, an unmodulated pilot signal is

used. The pilot signal allows respective receivers to synchronize with a given

transmitter allowing despreading of a data signal at the receiver. In a typical CDMA

system, each base station 20 sends a unique pilot signal received by all UEs 34-38

within communicating range to synchronize forward link transmissions . Conversely,

in some CDMA systems, for example in the B-CDMA™air interface, each UE 34-38

transmits a unique assigned pilot signal to synchronize reverse link transmissions.

When a UE 34-36 or a base station 20-32 is receiving a specific signal, all the

other signals within the same bandwidth are noise-like in relation to the specific

signal. Increasing the power level of one signal degrades all other signals within the

same bandwidth. However, reducing the power level too far results in an

undesirable received signal quality. One indicator used to measure the received

signal quality is the signal to noise ratio (SNR). At the receiver, the magnitude of

the desired received signal is compared to the magnitude of the received noise. The

data within a transmitted signal received with a high SNR is readily recovered at the

receiver. A low SNR leads to loss of data.

To maintain a desired signal to noise ratio at the minimum transmission power

level, most CDMA systems utilize some form of adaptive power control. By

minimizing the transmission power, the noise between signals within the same

bandwidth is reduced. Accordingly, the maximum number of signals received at the

desired signal to noise ratio within the same bandwidth is increased. Although adaptive power control reduces interference between signals in the

same bandwidth, interference still exists limiting the capacity of the system. One

technique for increasing the number of signals using the same radio frequency (RF)

spectrum is to use sectorization. In sectorization, a base station uses directional

antennas to divide the base station's operating area into a number of sectors. As a

result, interference between signals in differing sectors is reduced. However, signals

within the same bandwidth within the same sector interfere with one another.

Additionally, sectorized base stations commonly assign different frequencies to

adjoining sectors decreasing the spectral efficiency for a given frequency bandwidth.

Accordingly, there exists a need for a system which further improves the signal

quality of received signals without increasing transmitter power levels.

SUMMARY

A transmitter transmits a spread spectrum pilot and data signal. Each signal

has an associated chip code. A receiver receives the transmitted pilot and data

signal. The received pilot signal is filtered using the pilot chip code and weights are

determined for components of the received pilot signal using an adaptive algorithm.

The received data signal is weighted by the determined weights and filtered with the

data signal chip code to recover data from the received data signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a prior art wireless spread spectrum CDMA communication

system.

Figure 2 is a prior art spread spectrum CDMA transmitter and receiver.

Figure 3 is the transmitter of the invention.

Figure 4 is the transmitter of the invention transmitting multiple data signals.

Figure 5 is the pilot signal receiving circuit of the invention.

Figure 6 is the data signal receiving circuit of the invention.

Figure 7 is an embodiment of the pilot signal receiving circuit.

Figure 8 is a least mean squarred weighting circuit.

Figure 9 is the data signal receiving circuit used with the pilot signal receiving

circuit of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is an embodiment of the pilot signal receiving circuit where the

output of each RAKE is weighted.

Figure 11 is the data signal receiving circuit used with the pilot signal

receiving circuit of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is an embodiment of the pilot signal receiving circuit where the

antennas of the transmitting array are closely spaced.

Figure 13 is the data signal receiving circuit used with the pilot signal

receiving circuit of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is an illustration of beam steering in a CDMA communication

system. Figure 15 is a beam steering transmitter.

Figure 16 is a beam steering transmitter transmitting multiple data signals.

Figure 17 is the data receiving circuit used with the transmitter of Figure 14.

Figure 18 is a pilot signal receiving circuit used when uplink and downlink

signals use the same frequency.

Figure 19 is a transmitting circuit used with the pilot signal receiving circuit

of Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a data signal receiving circuit used with the pilot signal receiving

circuit of Figure 18.

Figure 21 is a simplified receiver for reducing interference.

Figure 22 is an illustration of a vector correlator/adaptive algorithm block

using a least mean square error algorithm.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the drawing

figures where like numerals represent like elements throughout. Figure 3 is a

transmitter of the invention. The transmitter has an array of antennas 48-52,

preferably 3 or 4 antennas. For use in distinguishing each antenna 48-52, a different

signal is associated with each antenna 56-60. The preferred signal to associate with

each antenna is a pilot signal as shown in Figure 3. Each spread pilot signal is

generated by a pilot signal generator 56-60 using a different pseudo random chip

code sequence and is combined by combiners 62-66 with the respective spread data signal. Each spread data signal is generated using data signal generator 54 by mixing

at mixers 378-382 the generated data signal with a different pseudo random chip

code sequence per antenna 48-52, D_rD_N. The combined signals are modulated to

a desired carrier frequency and radiated through the antennas 48-52 of the array.

By using an antenna array, the transmitter utilizes spacial diversity. If spaced

far enough apart, the signals radiated by each antenna 48-52 will experience different

multipath distortion while traveling to a given receiver. Since each signal sent by an

antenna 48-52 will follow multiple paths to a given receiver, each received signal

will have many multipath components. These components create a virtual

communication channel between each antenna 48-52 of the transmitter and the

receiver. Effectively, when signals transmitted by one antenna 48-52 over a virtual

channel to a given receiver are fading, signals from the other antennas 48-52 are

used to maintain a high received SNR. This effect is achieved by the adaptive

combining of the transmitted signals at the receiver.

Figure 4 shows the transmitter as used in a base station 20 to send multiple

data signals. Each spread data signal is generated by mixing at mixers 360-376 a

corresponding data signal from generators 74-78 with differing pseudo random chip

code sequences D_n-D_NM. Accordingly, each data signal is spread using a different

pseudo random chip code sequence per antenna 48-52, totaling N x M code

sequences. N is the number of antennas and M is the number of data signals.

Subsequently, each spread data signal is combined with the spread pilot signal associated with the antenna 48-52. The combined signals are modulated and radiated

by the antennas 48-52 of the array.

The pilot signal receiving circuit is shown in Figure 5. Each of the

transmitted pilot signals is received by the antenna 80. For each pilot signal, a

despreading device, such as a RAKE 82-86 as shown in the Figure 5 or a vector

correlator, is used to despread each pilot signal using a replica of the corresponding

pilot signal's pseudo random chip code sequence. The despreading device also

compensates for multipath in the communication channel. Each of the recovered

pilot signals is weighted by a weighting device 88-92. Weight refers to both

magnitude and phase of the signal. Although the weighting is shown as being

coupled to a RAKE, the weighting device preferably also weights each finger of the

RAKE. After weighting, all of the weighted recovered pilot signals are combined

in a combiner 94. Using an error signal generator 98, an estimate of the pilot signal

provided by the weighted combination is used to create an error signal. Based on the

error signal, the weights of each weighting device 88-92 are adjusted to minimize the

error signal using an adaptive algorithm, such as least mean squared (LMS) or

recursive least squares (RLS). As a result, the signal quality of the combined signal

is maximized.

Figure 6 depicts a data signal receiving circuit using the weights determined

by the pilot signal recovery circuit. The transmitted data signal is recovered by the

antenna 80. For each antenna 48-52 of the transmitting array, the weights from a

corresponding despreading device, shown as a RAKE 82-86, are used to filter the data signal using a replica of the data signal's spreading code used for the

corresponding transmitting antenna. Using the determined weights for each

antenna's pilot signal, each weighting device 106-110 weights the RAKE's despread

signal with the weight associated with the corresponding pilot. For instance, the

weighting device 88 corresponds to the transmitting antenna 48 for pilot signal 1.

The weight determined by the pilot RAKE 82 for pilot signal 1 is also applied at the

weighting device 106 of Figure 6. Additionally, if the weights of the RAKE's

fingers were adjusted for the corresponding pilots signal's RAKE 82-86, the same

weights will be applied to the fingers of the data signal's RAKE 100-104. After

weighting, the weighted signals are combined by the combiner 112 to recover the

original data signal.

By using the same weights for the data signal as used with each antenna's pilot

signal, each RAKE 82-86 compensates for the channel distortion experienced by

each antenna's signals. As a result, the data signal receiving circuit optimizes the

data signals reception over each virtual channel. By optimally combining each

virtual channel's optimized signal, the received data signal's signal quality is

increased.

Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the pilot signal recovery circuit. Each of

the transmitted pilots are recovered by the receiver's antenna 80. To despread each

of the pilots, each RAKE 82-86 utilizes a replica of the corresponding pilot's pseudo

random chip code sequence, PrP_N. Delayed versions of each pilot signal are

produced by delay devices 114-124. Each delayed version is mixed by a mixer 126- 142 with the received signal. The mixed signals pass through sum and dump circuits

424-440 and are weighted using mixers 144-160 by an amount determined by the

weight adjustment device 170. The weighted multipath components for each pilot

are combined by a combiner 162-164. Each pilot's combined output is combined by

a combiner 94. Since a pilot signal has no data, the combined pilot signal should

have a value of 1+jO. The combined pilot signal is compared to the ideal value,

1-r-jO, at a subtractor 168. Based on the deviation of the combined pilot signal from

the ideal, the weight of the weighting devices 144- 160 are adj usted using an adaptive

algorithm by the weight adjustment device 170.

A LMS algorithm used for generating a weight is shown in Figure 8. The

output of the subtractor 168 is multiplied using a mixer 172 with the corresponding

despread delayed version of the pilot. The multiplied result is amplified by an

amplifier 174 and integrated by an integrator 176. The integrated result is used to

weight, W_1M, the RAKE finger.

The data receiving circuit used with the embodiment of Figure 7 is show for

a base station receiver in Figure 9. The received signal is sent to a set of RAKEs

100-104 respectively associated with each antenna 48-52 of the array. Each RAKE

100-104, produces delayed versions of the received signal using delay devices 178-

188. The delayed versions are weighted using mixers 190-206 based on the weights

determined for the corresponding antenna's pilot signal. The weighted data signals

for a given RAKE 100-104 are combined by a combiner 208-212. One combiner

208-212 is associated with each of the N transmitting antennas 48-52. Each combined signal is despread M times by mixing at a mixer 214-230 the combined

signal with a replica of the spreading codes used for producing the M spread data

signals at the transmitter, D_π-D_NM. Each despread data signal passes through a sum

and dump circuit 232-248. For each data signal, the results of the corresponding sum

and dump circuits are combined by a combiner 250-254 to recover each data signal.

Another pilot signal receiving circuit is shown in Figure 10. The despreading

circuits 82-86 of this receiving circuit are the same as Figure 7. The output of each

RAKE 82-86 is weighted using a mixer 256-260 prior to combining the despread

pilot signals. After combining, the combined pilot signal is compared to the ideal

value and the result of the comparison is used to adjust the weight of each RAKE's

output using an adaptive algorithm. To adjust the weights within each RAKE 82-86,

the output of each RAKE 82-86 is compared to the ideal value using a subtractor

262-266. Based on the result of the comparison, the weight of each weighting

device 144-160 is determined by the weight adjustment devices 268-272.

The data signal receiving circuit used with the embodiment of Figure 10 is

shown in Figure 11. This circuit is similar to the data signal receiving circuit of

Figure 9 with the addition of mixers 274-290 for weighting the output of each sum

and dump circuit 232-248. The output of each sum and dump circuit 232-248 is

weighted by the same amount as the corresponding pilot's RAKE 82-86 was

weighted. Alternatively, the output of each RAKE's combiner 208-212 may be

weighted prior to mixing by the mixers 214-230 by the amount of the corresponding

pilot's RAKE 82-86 in lieu of weighting after mixing. If the spacing of the antennas 48-52 in the transmitting array is small, each

antenna's signals will experience a similar multipath environment. In such cases, the

pilot receiving circuit of Figure 12 may be utilized. The weights for a selected one

of the pilot signals are determined in the same manner as in Figure 10. However,

since each pilot travels through the same virtual channel, to simplify the circuit, the

same weights are used for despreading the other pilot signals. Delay devices 292-

294 produce delayed versions of the received signal. Each delayed version is

weighted by a mixer 296-300 by the same weight as the corresponding delayed

version of the selected pilot signal was weighted. The outputs of the weighting

devices are combined by a combiner 302. The combined signal is despread using

replicas of the pilot signals' pseudo random chip code sequences, P₂-P_n, by the

mixers 304-306. The output of each pilot's mixer 304-306 is passed through a sum

and dump circuit 308-310. In the same manner as Figure 10, each despread pilot is

weighted and combined.

The data signal recovery circuit used with the embodiment of Figure 12 is

shown in Figure 13. Delay devices 178-180 produce delayed versions of the

received signal. Each delayed version is weighted using a mixer 190-194 by the

same weight as used by the pilot signals in Figure 12. The outputs of the mixers are

combined by a combiner 208. The output of the combiner 208 is inputted to each

data signal despreader of Figure 13.

The invention also provides a technique for adaptive beam steering as

illustrated in Figure 14. Each signal sent by the antenna array will constructively and destructively interfere in a pattern based on the weights provided each antenna 48-52

of the array. As a result, by selecting the appropriate weights, the beam 312-316 of

the antenna array is directed in a desired direction.

Figure 15 shows the beam steering transmitting circuit. The circuit is similar

to the circuit of Figure 3 with the addition of weighting devices 318-322. A target

receiver will receive the pilot signals transmitted by the array. Using the pilot signal

receiving circuit of Figure 5, the target receiver determines the weights for adjusting

the output of each pilot's RAKE. These weights are also sent to the transmitter, such

as by using a signaling channel. These weights are applied to the spread data signal

as shown in Figure 15. For each antenna, the spread data signal is given a weight by

the weighting devices 318-322 corresponding to the weight used for adjusting the

antenna's pilot signal at the target receiver providing spatial gain. As a result, the

radiated data signal will be focused towards the target receiver. Figure 16 shows the

beam steering transmitter as used in a base station sending multiple data signals to

differing target receivers. The weights received by the target receiver are applied to

the corresponding data signals by weighting devices 324-340.

Figure 17 depicts the data signal receiving circuit for the beam steering

transmitter of Figures 15 and 16. Since the transmitted signal has already been

weighted, the data signal receiving circuit does not require the weighting devices

106-110 of Figure 6.

The advantage of the invention's beam steering are two-fold. The transmitted

data signal is focused toward the target receiver improving the signal quality of the received signal. Conversely, the signal is focused away from other receivers

reducing interference to their signals. Due to both of these factors, the capacity of

a system using the invention's beam steering is increased. Additionally, due to the

adaptive algorithm used by the pilot signal receiving circuitry, the weights are

dynamically adjusted. By adjusting the weights, a data signal's beam will

dynamically respond to a moving receiver or transmitter as well as to changes in the

multipath environment.

In a system using the same frequency for downlink and uplink signals, such

as time division duplex (TDD), an alternate embodiment is used. Due to reciprocity,

downlink signals experience the same multipath environment as uplink signals send

over the same frequency. To take advantage of reciprocity, the weights determined

by the base station's receiver are applied to the base station's transmitter. In such a

system, the base station's receiving circuit of Figure 18 is co-located, such as within

a base station, with the transmitting circuit of Figure 19.

In the receiving circuit of Figure 18, each antenna 48-52 receives a respective

pilot signal sent by the UE. Each pilot is filtered by a RAKE 406-410 and weighted

by a weighting device 412-416. The weighted and filtered pilot signals are

combined by a combiner 418. Using the error signal generator 420 and the weight

adjustment device 422, the weights associated with the weighting devices 412-416

are adjusted using an adaptive algorithm.

The transmitting circuit of Figure 19 has a data signal generator 342 to

generate a data signal. The data signal is spread using mixer 384. The spread data signal is weighted by weighting devices 344-348 as were determined by the

receiving circuit of Figure 19 for each virtual channel.

The circuit of Figure 20 is used as a data signal receiving circuit at the base

station. The transmitted data signal is received by the multiple antennas 48-52. A

data RAKE 392-396 is coupled to each antenna 48-52 to filter the data signal. The

filtered data signals are weighted by weighting devices 398-402 by the weights

determined for the corresponding antenna's received pilot and are combined at

combiner 404 to recover the data signal. Since the transmitter circuit of Figure 19

transmits the data signal with the optimum weights, the recovered data signal at the

UE will have a higher signal quality than provided by the prior art.

An adaptive algorithm can also be used to reduce interference in received

signals for a spread spectrum communication system. A transmitter in the

communication system, which can be located in either a base station 20 to 32 or UE

34 to 36, transmits a spread pilot signal and a traffic signal over the same frequency

spectrum. The pilot signal is spread using a pilot code, P, and the traffic signal is

spread using a traffic code, C.

The simplified receiver 500 of Figure 21 receives both the pilot and traffic

signals using an antenna 502. The received signals are demodulated to a baseband

signal by a demodulator 518. The baseband signal is converted into digital samples,

such as by two analog to digital converters (ADC) 512, 514. Each ADC 512, 514

typically samples at the chip rate. To obtain a half-chip resolution, one ADC 514 is

delayed with respect to the other ADC 512 by a one-half chip delay. The samples are processed by a filtering device, such two vector correlators 504, 508 as shown

in Figure 21 or a RAKE, to process the pilot signal. The vector correlators 504, 508,

are used to despread various multipath components of the received pilot signal using

the pilot code, P. By using two vector correlators 504, 508 as in Figure 21, each

half-chip component is despread, such as for a 10 chip window to despread 21

components. Each despread component is sent to an adaptive algorithm block 506

to determine an optimum weight for each despread component to minimize

interference in the received pilot signal. The adaptive algorithm block 506 may use

a minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm such as a least mean square error

algorithm.

One combination vector correlator/adaptive algorithm block using a LMS

algorithm and half-chip resolution is shown in Figure 22. The pilot code is delayed

by a group of delay devices 520, to 520_N and 522, to 522_N. Each of the ADC

samples is despread such as by mixing it with timed versions of the pilot code, P, by

mixers 524, to 524_N and 526, to 526_N. The mixed signals are processed by sum and

dump circuits 528, to 528_N and 530j to 530_N to produce despread components of the

pilot signal. By using two ADCs 512, 514 with a half-chip sampling delay and two

vector correlators 504, 508, despread components at half-chip intervals are produced

such as 21 components for a 10 chip window. Each despread version is weighted

by a weight, W, , to W_2N, such as by using a weighting device, 544, to 544_N and 546,

to 546_N. The weighted versions are combined, such as by using a summer 528. The

combined signal is compared to the complex transmitted value of pilot signal, such as 1 + j for a pilot signal in the third generation wireless standard, to produce an error

signal, e. The comparison may be performed by a subtractor 550 by subtracting the

combined signal from the ideal, 1 + j. The error signal, e, is mixed using mixers 532,

to 532_N and 534, to 534_N with each despread version. Each mixed version is

amplified and integrated, such as by using an amplifier 536, to 536_N and 538, to

538_N and an integrator 540, to 540_N and 542, to 542_N. The amplified and integrated

results are refined weights, W,, to W_2N, for further weighting of the despread

versions. Using the least mean square algorithm, the weights, W_n to W_2N, will be

selected as to drive the combined signal to its ideal value.

The received signal is also processed by an adaptive filter 510 with the

weights, W,, to W_2N, determined for the pilot signal components. Since the pilot

signal and the traffic signal are transmitted over the same frequency spectrum, the

two signals experience the same channel characteristics. As a result, the pilot

weights, W_n to W_2N, applied to the traffic signal components reduces interference

in the received traffic signal. Additionally, if the pilot and channel signals were sent

using orthogonal spreading codes, the orthogonality of the received channel signal

is restored after weighting. The restored orthogonality substantially reduces

correlated interference from other traffic channels that occurs as a result of the

deorthogonalization due to channel distortion. The weighted received signal is

despread by a traffic despreader 516 using the corresponding traffic code to recover

the traffic data.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A method for reducing interference in a received spread spectrum data

signal in a spread spectrum communication system comprising:

transmitting a spread spectrum pilot signal and data signal, each having an

associated chip code;

receiving at a receiver the transmitted pilot and data signals;

filtering the received pilot signal using the pilot signal chip code and

determining weights of components of the received pilot signal using an adaptive

algorithm; and

filtering the received data signal with the data signal chip code and weighting

components of the received data signal with the pilot signal determined weights to

recover data from the received data signal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the adaptive algorithm is a minimum

mean square error algorithm.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the adaptive algorithm is a least mean

squared algorithm.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the adaptive algorithm comprises

comparing the combined signal with an ideal value to produce an error signal and the

determining of each pilot signal weight is based on in part on the error signal.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the ideal value is 1 + j.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the weighting of the received data

signal components occurs prior to the filtering of the received data signal.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the filtering of the received pilot signal

is performed by a vector correlator.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the filtering of the received pilot signal

is performed by a RAKE.

9. A receiver for use in a spread spectrum communication system, a

transmitter within the communication system transmits a spread spectrum pilot and

data signal for reception by the receiver, the pilot and data signal having associated

chip codes, the receiver comprising:

an antenna for receiving the pilot and data signal;

means for filtering the received pilot signal using the pilot signal chip code; means for determining weights of components of the received pilot signal

using an adaptive algorithm; and

means for filtering the received data signal with the data signal chip code and

weighting components of the received data signal with the pilot signal determined

weights to recover data from the received data signal.

10. The receiver of claim 9 wherein the adaptive algorithm is a minimum

mean square error algorithm.

11. The receiver of claim 9 wherein the adaptive algorithm is a least mean

square algorithm.

12. The receiver of claim 9 wherein the adaptive algorithm comprises

determined weights is based in part on the error signal.

13. The receiver of claim 9 wherein the pilot signal filtering means

comprises a vector correlator.

14. The receiver of claim 9 wherein the pilot signal filtering means

comprises a RAKE.

15. A user equipment for use in a spread spectrum communication system,

the communication system having abase station transmitting a spread spectrum pilot

and data signal for reception by the user equipment, the pilot and data signal having

associated chip codes, the user equipment comprising:

an antenna for receiving the pilot and data signal;

a vector correlator for filtering the received pilot signal using the pilot signal

chip code;

an adaptive algorithm block for determining weights of components of the

received pilot signal using an adaptive algorithm;

an adaptive filter for weighting components of the received data signal with

the pilot signal determined weights; and

a despreader for filtering the weighted received data signal using the data

signal chip code to recover data from the received data signal.

16. The user equipment of claim 15 wherein the adaptive algorithm is a

minimum mean square error algorithm.

17. The user equipment of claim 15 wherein the adaptive algorithm is a

least mean square algorithm.

18. The user equipment of claim 15 wherein the adaptive algorithm

comprises comparing the combined signal with an ideal value to produce an error

signal and the determined weights is based on in part on the error signal.