WO2001014805A1

WO2001014805A1 - A refrigerating method and the cycle system using cooling amount of phase transition

Info

Publication number: WO2001014805A1
Application number: PCT/CN2000/000244
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yuanming Yi
Original assignee: Yuanming Yi
Priority date: 1999-08-24
Filing date: 2000-08-24
Publication date: 2001-03-01
Also published as: AU6681700A; CN1285491A

Abstract

A refrigerating method and the cycle system using cooling amount of phase transition, the system consists of the first cycle, any of the intermediate cycles and the last cycle. The first cycle is the prior art, the other cycles are refrigerating cycles using cooling amount of phase transition, which make use of the cooling amount of the previous cycle and make the cooling medium of this cycle condense under adiabatic expansion. The first cycle provides original cooling amount, the last cycle provides the cooling amount to user, and any one of the intermediate cycles enlarges the cooling amount of the previous cycle. The temperature of generating cooling in various cycles increase in sequence from the first cycle to the last cycle. The heat generated by the first cycle is absorbed by the next cycle. There is no heat discharged to environment, the temperature of providing cooling is low, and the cooling efficiency is high.

Description

Phase change cooling method and its circulation system

The present invention relates to refrigeration technology, and in particular to a method for condensing vapor generated by phase change refrigeration in an adiabatic expansion condition in an environment whose temperature is lower than the evaporation temperature of a refrigerant and recovering the original phase state for cold refrigeration. Method and its circulatory system. BACKGROUND

Various refrigeration methods of the existing phase change refrigeration technology condense the vapor generated by phase change refrigeration in an environment whose temperature is higher than the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant and restore the original phase state; and usually it is condensed in a normal temperature environment And restore the original phase state; the pressure of the refrigerant refrigerant must be increased. The existing refrigeration methods of all types of refrigeration technology are one-side refrigeration and one-side heat generation; during the cooling and cooling process, heat must be discharged to the external environment; and Generally, the heat production is more than the cooling capacity. As far as the overall environmental effect is concerned, the existing refrigeration technology is not refrigeration, but heating; usually a vicious cycle is formed where the more refrigeration the more heat, the more heat the more it cannot be cooled. condition. The temperature difference between the cooling temperature of the refrigerator and the temperature of the exhaust heat environment must be limited to a small range; otherwise, if the temperature difference is enlarged, the cooling efficiency of the existing refrigeration technology will be extremely low, or even impossible to cool at all. In order to obtain the cooling capacity below -40 'C, there are refrigeration technologies that have to use multi-stage cascade refrigeration, and each stage must consume energy. Disclosure of the Invention

In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide a new phase-change refrigeration method and its circulation system, which does not emit heat to the external environment, and the cooling temperature can be arbitrarily set between normal temperature and cryogenic low temperature. High cooling efficiency.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A phase-change refrigeration method and its circulation system. The first-stage refrigeration utilizes various existing refrigeration technologies to provide the original cooling capacity. Refrigeration and absorption refrigeration can be semiconductor refrigeration or magnetic refrigeration; it can be any single-stage refrigeration in the refrigeration technology mentioned above;

-1-Confirmation Any kind of multi-stage cascade refrigeration; it can also be a multi-stage cascade refrigeration composed of multiple technologies in the above refrigeration technology; the system is composed of first-stage refrigeration, any intermediate-stage refrigeration, and last-stage refrigeration cycle The multi-stage cascade refrigeration cycle of more than two stages, the first stage refrigeration is used as the original refrigeration, the last stage refrigeration is responsible for amplifying the cooling capacity provided by the previous stage refrigeration and responsible for external cooling, and any intermediate stage refrigeration is responsible for changing the original refrigeration capacity from Stage 0, stage 1 to stage n expansion; any intermediate and final stage refrigeration methods are phase change and cold refrigeration cycle methods, they all use the lower temperature cooling provided by the previous stage refrigeration to condense the phase change refrigeration at this stage The generated vapor makes the refrigerant refrigerant vapor return to the original phase state under adiabatic expansion conditions in an environment whose temperature is lower than its original evaporation temperature, and realizes phase change to cool the refrigeration cycle; the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is The second-stage phase change absorbs the amount of cold provided by the cold refrigeration cycle, so that the difference between the cooling temperature of the first-stage refrigeration and the temperature of the exhaust heat environment is reduced to the normal cooling of the first-stage refrigeration; The temperature, the phase change vaporization temperature of any intermediate-stage refrigeration, and the phase change vaporization temperature of the final-stage refrigeration are gradually increased in accordance with the connection order of each level. The first-stage refrigeration production temperature is low, and the final-stage refrigeration phase-change vaporization temperature is high. In the phase-change refrigeration method and its circulation system, except for the external cooling and cooling part in the final refrigeration cycle, the other refrigeration cycles at all levels and other functional parts in the final refrigeration cycle are insulated from the external environment, so that each The phase change uses adiabatic expansion when the refrigerating working medium vapor in the cold refrigeration cycle flows from the higher pressure evaporation space to the lower pressure condensing space. When the refrigerating working medium vapor condenses in the adiabatic expansion, it only releases sensible heat and does not release Condensation heat.

The phase change cold cooling method and its circulation system of the present invention are a new type of refrigeration that restores the original phase state of the refrigerating working medium vapor under an adiabatic expansion condition in an environment whose temperature is lower than its original evaporation temperature. The method has high refrigeration efficiency and does not emit heat to the outside, and the cooling temperature can be arbitrarily set between normal temperature and cryogenic low temperature. Brief description of the drawings

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a phase change cooling method and its circulation system.

Fig. 2 is a flow diagram of the above system consisting of a first-stage refrigeration and a last-stage refrigeration cycle.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the above system consisting of first-stage refrigeration, intermediate first-stage refrigeration to intermediate first-n stage refrigeration, and last-stage refrigeration cycle. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Referring to Figure 1, the number of any intermediate refrigeration stages shown in the figure is 1, and the system consists of a first-stage refrigeration, an intermediate-stage 1 refrigeration, and a final-stage refrigeration cycle.

Referring to Figure 2, the number of any intermediate cooling stages shown in the figure is 0, and the system consists of a first-stage refrigeration and a last-stage refrigeration cycle.

Referring to FIG. 3, the number of any intermediate cooling stages shown in the figure is 1 to n. The system is composed of a first stage cooling, a middle stage 1 cooling to a middle stage n cooling, and a final stage refrigeration cycle.

As shown in Figure 1, the phase change refrigerant working in the final refrigeration cycle is input to the external cooling and cooling evaporation section 1 through the refrigerant transfer process 3, and the heat is evaporated from the cold place, and the phase change cooling and external cooling are performed. The saturated vapor produced by phase change refrigeration no longer implements the vapor compression refrigeration cycle according to the mechanical compression method applied by the existing refrigeration technology, but adopts the phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle method, that is, the saturated vapor is subjected to adiabatic expansion in the direction of the arrow. Condensation section 2 with a lower temperature than the saturated vapor „Since the pressure in the evaporation section 1 is greater than the pressure in the condensation section 2, the saturated vapor automatically moves from the evaporation section 1 to the condensation section 2 in the direction of the arrow. From the previous phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle The evaporation section 4 provides a lower-temperature cooling capacity to the condensation section 2 of the final refrigeration cycle. The process of saturated vapor encountering condensation under adiabatic expansion conditions is a process that only releases sensible heat and does not release condensation heat. It is a process of absorbing and preserving the cold energy, and the cold supply side transmits the cold energy to the saturated vapor, so that it becomes a supercooled liquid or solid working medium. The actual cooling capacity loss is much smaller than the refrigeration capacity obtained from the phase change refrigeration of the phase change cooling refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle. When in the condensing mode, the cold refrigerant carried by the subcooling refrigerant is reused at a lower temperature than the saturation temperature. If the amount of heat is fully exchanged with saturated steam, the loss of cooling capacity will be smaller. From this, it can be seen that the phase-change cold refrigeration cycle is a process of multiplying and multiplying the cooling capacity provided by the previous stage. Vapor, release Latent heat of vaporization and refrigeration. The phase change of any intermediate and final refrigeration is a cold refrigeration cycle. The solid working fluid absorbs heat directly and sublimates it into vapor, releasing the sublimation latent heat and refrigerating.

The middle stage i phase change uses a cold refrigeration cycle. Most of its working fluid enters the main evaporation section 4 through the working fluid transport process 6, and absorbs heat from the condensation section 2 to vaporize to form saturated vapor. Adiabatic expansion is initiated to enter the condensing section 5, and the lower-temperature refrigeration output section 9 provides colder condensation at a lower temperature; a small part of the working fluid enters the sub-evaporation section 8 through the working fluid transport process 7, and the production from the first-stage refrigeration The hot section 10 absorbs heat and vaporizes to form saturated vapor, and performs adiabatic expansion in the direction of the arrow to enter the condensing section 5 to condense; thus all of the intermediate first-stage phase change and cold refrigeration cycles are completed. In the same way as in the previous stage phase change using the refrigeration cycle, the amount of cooling produced by the evaporation section 4 is multiple or higher than the amount of cooling consumed by the condensation section 5.

As shown in Fig. 2, the first-stage refrigeration and the last-stage phase change constitute a phase-change to cold-refrigeration cycle system with a cold refrigeration cycle, and the number of any intermediate stage is zero. The last stage refrigeration is responsible for amplifying the amount of cooling provided by the previous stage refrigeration and responsible for external refrigeration and cooling. Most of its refrigerants go through the process 3 of the refrigerant transport, enter the main evaporation section 1, and absorb heat from the cold place to vaporize the refrigeration and Provide external cooling, and then perform adiabatic expansion in the direction of the arrow to enter the condensing section 2, and use the lower-temperature cooling capacity provided by the first-stage refrigeration production section 9 to condense; a small part of the refrigerant working fluid passes through the working fluid conveying process 7 and enters the sub-steam. Stage 8, absorb heat and vaporize from the heat-generating stage 10 of the first stage refrigeration, and then perform adiabatic expansion in the direction of the arrow to enter the condensing stage 2 to condense and restore the phase state, thereby completing the final stage to cool the refrigeration cycle. The first stage refrigeration is responsible for providing the original cooling the amount.

As shown in Fig. 3, the first-stage refrigeration and the middle-stage 1 to the middle-stage n-phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle, and the last-stage phase change consists of the N + 2 phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle system. The first-stage refrigeration provides the original cooling capacity, and the middle-stage 1 to middle-stage n-stage refrigeration is responsible for expanding the original cooling capacity step by step, and the final-stage refrigeration is responsible for expanding the cooling capacity provided by the previous-stage refrigeration and responsible for external cooling. The final refrigerating refrigerant enters the evaporation section 1 through the refrigerant conveying process 3, enters the evaporation section 1 and performs adiabatic expansion in the direction of the arrow, and returns to the condensation section 2 for condensation. In the middle, the n-stage refrigerating refrigerant enters the evaporation section 4n through the transfer process 6n, absorbs heat and vaporizes from the condensation section 2, and then performs adiabatic expansion in the direction of the arrow to return to the condensation section 5n for condensation. According to the relationship between the last stage refrigeration and the middle stage n refrigeration, the same two-stage relationship is set between the middle stage 1 to the middle stage n stages, that is, the phase change of the previous stage is the evaporation section of the cold refrigeration cycle as The second-stage phase change provides sufficient cooling capacity in the condensation section of the cold refrigeration cycle. The relationship between the first-stage cooling and the first-stage cooling is exactly the same as in Figure 1.

The heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is absorbed by the second-stage phase change and the cooling capacity provided by the cold refrigeration cycle. The heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is directly discharged to the second-stage refrigeration working medium, so that it absorbs the heat and generates a phase. change. The heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is absorbed by the second-stage phase change and the cooling capacity provided by the cold refrigeration cycle, which indirectly discharges the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration to the second-stage refrigeration refrigerant, so that the second-stage refrigeration workers The mass passes through the intermediate medium and absorbs the heat emitted by the first-stage refrigeration to produce a phase change.

The first-stage refrigeration is the existing refrigeration technology, and electric or mechanical energy enters the first-stage refrigeration electrical device 1 1 to generate 9 in the cold section and 10 in the heat section. Since the secondary stage has completely absorbed the heat of the heat-generating section 10 by the sub-evaporation section 8 of the refrigeration cycle, the temperature difference between the cold-generating section and the heat-generating section of the first-stage refrigeration can be reduced to meet the requirements of the first-stage refrigeration. The temperature difference requirements of the best working conditions, thereby realizing the first technical system low, even the actual technical obstacle of refrigerating.

Any intermediate-stage and final-stage phase-change cooling refrigeration cycle uses the lower-temperature cooling capacity provided by the previous-stage refrigeration to condense the vapor generated by this phase-change refrigeration, that is, the lower-stage cooling provided by the previous-stage refrigeration is used. The cooling capacity of the temperature directly condenses the supercooled working fluid under adiabatic expansion conditions.

Any intermediate-stage and final-stage phase-change cooling refrigeration cycle uses the lower-temperature cooling capacity provided by the previous-stage refrigeration to condense the vapor generated by this phase-change refrigeration, that is, the lower-stage cooling provided by the previous-stage refrigeration is used. The cooling capacity of the temperature will first condense the steam in the adiabatic expansion into a supercooled working medium, then use the sensible cooling carried by the supercooled working medium to decondensate the steam in the adiabatic expansion, and reuse the previous stage multiple times. The cooler cooling capacity provided by refrigeration.

As shown in the figure, the temperature of the cooling section 9 is lower than the temperature of the evaporation section 4, and the temperature of the evaporation section 4 is lower than the temperature of the evaporation section 1. The temperature difference between the evaporation sections 9, 4, and 1 should be set according to the requirements of the required condensing saturated steam working conditions. The temperature of the last-stage evaporation section 1 for external cooling and cooling can be arbitrarily set between normal temperature and cryogenic low temperature according to the cooling requirements.

Since the trace heat generated in the heat-generating section 10 of the first-stage refrigeration is completely absorbed by the secondary evaporation section 8 of the second-stage phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle, and is consumed by its phase-change latent heat, the refrigeration cycles of the following stages of the first-stage refrigeration are Working conditions that consume heat, so the phase change shown in the figure shows that the cooling method and its circulation system do not emit any heat to the external environment. It only produces cold and does not produce heat.

Since the refrigerant refrigerant vapor condenses and condenses under adiabatic expansion conditions, it is a process that only releases sensible heat and does not release condensation heat. It is a process that absorbs and preserves the amount of cold energy. The process of multiplying and doubling the amount of cooling provided by the previous stage of refrigeration. Under the optimal condensing environment working conditions provided by the present invention, the first-stage refrigeration achieves cooling at normal efficiency, or even exceeds the level of normal efficiency. Its refrigeration capacity is gradually increased by the number of stages in the cold refrigeration cycle through the intermediate phase change. Multiplier and high-amplification, in order to achieve the final stage phase change of external cooling of any scale to provide sufficient condensing cooling capacity. In the illustrated phase-cooling refrigeration method and its circulation system, in addition to the first-stage refrigeration, which must consume electrical energy or mechanical kinetic energy, the other stages of phase-change use a cold-refrigeration cycle. In addition to the working fluid transportation process, a small amount of energy is required. No additional energy consumption is required. As mentioned above, the energy consumed by the first-stage refrigeration has achieved normal refrigeration efficiency, and its efficiency has been multi-stage expanded, so that the present invention can have extremely high refrigeration efficiency.

The phase change cooling method and its circulation system of the present invention save refrigeration electric energy, reduce the cost of refrigeration and cooling, and provide technical conditions for expanding the production scale and capacity of refrigeration and cooling. The principle, industry and commercial application of the present invention are all included in the scope of the claims of the present invention, and any improved technology based on this is taken from the claims of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

1. A phase-change refrigeration method and its circulation system. The first-stage refrigeration utilizes various existing refrigeration technologies to provide original cooling capacity. It can be vapor compression refrigeration, dissipative refrigeration, and absorption in phase change refrigeration. Refrigeration can be semiconductor refrigeration or magnetic refrigeration; it can be any single-stage refrigeration in the above refrigeration technology; it can also be a multi-stage cascade refrigeration composed of any of the above refrigeration technologies; it can also be composed of Multi-stage cascade refrigeration composed of multiple technologies in the above refrigeration technology;

It is characterized in that the system is a multi-stage cascade refrigeration cycle of two or more levels consisting of a first-stage refrigeration, an arbitrary intermediate-stage refrigeration, and a final-stage refrigeration cycle. The first-stage refrigeration is used as the original refrigeration, and the final-stage refrigeration is responsible for providing the upper-stage refrigeration. The refrigeration capacity is expanded and responsible for external cooling. Any intermediate stage refrigeration is responsible for expanding the original refrigeration capacity from 0, 1 to n stages. Any intermediate stage and final stage refrigeration methods are phase change and cold refrigeration cycle methods. Both use the lower temperature cooling capacity provided by the previous stage refrigeration to condense the vapor generated by this phase change refrigeration, so that the refrigerant refrigerant vapor recovers under adiabatic expansion in an environment where the temperature is lower than its original evaporation temperature. The original phase state realizes the phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle; the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is absorbed by the cooling capacity provided by the second-stage phase change to the cold refrigeration cycle, so that the production temperature and exhaust heat ambient temperature of the first-stage refrigeration are absorbed. The difference is reduced to make the first-stage refrigeration achieve normal cooling; the production temperature of the first-stage refrigeration, the phase-change vaporization temperature of any intermediate-stage refrigeration, and the phase-change vaporization temperature of the final-stage refrigeration are The connection order of stages is increased step by step, the first stage refrigeration temperature is low, and the last stage refrigeration phase change vaporization temperature is high. In the phase change cold refrigeration method and its circulation system, except the external refrigeration cooling part of the last stage refrigeration cycle In addition, the other stages of the refrigeration cycle and other functional parts in the final refrigeration cycle are insulated from the external environment, making the phase change at all stages to the refrigerant refrigerant vapor in the cold refrigeration cycle flow from the higher pressure evaporation space to the lower pressure. Adiabatic expansion is carried out in the condensing space of the refrigerator, so that the refrigerant refrigerant vapor only releases sensible heat and does not release condensation heat when it condenses in adiabatic expansion.

2. The phase-change refrigeration refrigeration method and its circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the phase-change refrigeration refrigeration cycle for intermediate-stage and final-stage refrigeration is to absorb the liquid working medium and vaporize it into steam. It releases latent heat of vaporization and cools.

3. The phase-change refrigeration method and its cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the phase-change refrigeration cycle of any of the intermediate and final refrigeration stages is to directly sublimate the solid-state working fluid by absorbing heat. It turns into vapor, releases sublimation heat and cools.

4. The phase-change refrigeration method and its cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is absorbed by the cooling capacity provided by the next-stage phase-change refrigeration cooling, It directly discharges the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration to the next-stage refrigeration working medium, so that it absorbs the heat and generates a phase change.

5. The phase-change refrigeration method and its circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration is absorbed by the amount of cold provided by the next-stage phase-change refrigeration cooling, It indirectly discharges the heat generated by the first-stage refrigeration to the second-stage refrigerant, and causes the second-stage refrigerant to pass through the intermediate medium to absorb the heat emitted by the first-stage refrigeration to produce a phase change.

6. The phase-change refrigeration method and its cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the arbitrary intermediate and final-stage phase-change refrigeration cycles use the lower temperature provided by the previous stage refrigeration To condense the vapor generated by the phase change refrigeration of this stage, that is, the lower-temperature refrigeration provided by the previous stage refrigeration is used to directly condense the steam of this stage into a supercooled working medium.

7. The phase-change refrigeration method and its cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the arbitrary intermediate and final-stage phase-change refrigeration cycles use the lower temperature provided by the previous stage refrigeration To condense the vapor generated by the phase change refrigeration of this stage, that is, the lower-temperature refrigeration provided by the previous stage refrigeration is used to directly condense the steam of this stage into the subcooled working medium, and then the supercooled working medium is used to condense the steam The sensible cooling is decondensed, and the lower-temperature cooling capacity provided by the previous stage refrigeration is reused multiple times.