WO2001013115A2 - Method and device for identifying a biopolymer sequence on a solid surface - Google Patents
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- WO2001013115A2 WO2001013115A2 PCT/DE2000/002758 DE0002758W WO0113115A2 WO 2001013115 A2 WO2001013115 A2 WO 2001013115A2 DE 0002758 W DE0002758 W DE 0002758W WO 0113115 A2 WO0113115 A2 WO 0113115A2
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- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
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- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
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- C12Q1/6825—Nucleic acid detection involving sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/536—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase
- G01N33/542—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with steric inhibition or signal modification, e.g. fluorescent quenching
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for identifying a specific biopolymer sequence which is bound to a solid surface.
- the object of the invention is to provide a new technology with which biopolymers fixed to a solid surface can be identified clearly, quickly and sensitively.
- a method for identifying a first biopolymer applied to a first surface of a first substrate is provided, the first biopolymer being brought into contact with an affine second biopolymer located on a surface of a second substrate, and wherein the identification of the The first biopolymer is carried out by evaluating the change in impedance or conductivity caused by affinity-related adhesion.
- a biopolymer is understood to mean in particular a polymer formed from nucleotides or amino acids, e.g. DNA, RNA, PNA, PTO, peptide, protein and the like. The like.
- An affine biopolymer is understood to mean a biopolymer that can form a bond with a corresponding biopolymer. The bond can be a covalent, ionic or hydrogen bond. Binding caused by steric effects can also be considered.
- the change in impedance or conductivity in the direct current and / or alternating current range can be measured as a function of an impressed alternating voltage or current frequency.
- One of the surfaces can be electrically conductive and the change can be measured over this surface.
- the surfaces can also be separated by an insulator.
- the first and / or second biopolymer can be applied as a layer to the surface, electroactive metal atoms, ions, clusters or complex molecules being introduced therein.
- the change is determined by means of a reference electrode and / or a counter electrode.
- a device for carrying out the method according to the invention a first biopolymer being applied to a surface of a first substrate in such a way that it can be brought into contact with a second biopolymer affixed thereto on a surface of a second substrate, and wherein a device for evaluating a change in the impedance or the conductivity caused by affinity-related adhesion is provided for the identification of the first biopolymer.
- the first biopolymers which are fixed on the surface of the first substrate, are brought into contact with second biopolymers, which have an affinity for them. This results in hybridization.
- the second biopolymers can be fixed on a surface of a second substrate and e.g. are brought into contact with the first biopolymers to be identified by pressing them together. Glass, plastic or metal can be used as the substrate material. The latter can be designed in the form of a film.
- the change in conductivity between the two surfaces can be used for detection. In both embodiments, this applies to both DC and AC conductivity phenomena.
- metal atoms, ions, clusters or complex molecules can also be embedded in the thin films formed from the biopolymers.
- the detection can also be carried out using fluorescence or other optical methods. Conductive clusters can be used to amplify optical signals.
- nucleic acids of a certain sequence are covalently bound to a conductive surface of the first substrate as the first biopolymers to be identified.
- Complementary nucleic acids are bound to a second conductive substrate which is brought into contact with the first by pressing them together.
- the electrical wi resistor This can be proven by conventional electronic methods.
- the electronic measured variables can be amplified by introducing metal atoms, clusters or ions into the layer of the biopolymers to be detected. This can be done both before and after hybridization, e.g. by vapor deposition or electrochemical methods. It is also possible to use complex molecules that e.g. in the case of nucleic acids, attach specifically to single-stranded structures or as intercalators to double-stranded conformations and have electroactive centers.
- the method according to the invention can e.g. in the field of security technology for counterfeit-proof marking and identification of banknotes, chip cards, ID cards, etc. be used.
- the method can also be used for labeling and identification e.g. of food, medicines, etc. be used.
- Oligonucleotides with a length of 21 bases are covalently attached to the surface of a conductive polycarbonate / carbon fiber plastic at the 5 'end.
- the oligonucleotides on the surface are hybridized with complementary probes on a second surface. This is done by bringing the two surfaces into contact. If an alternating voltage of a frequency of 250 Hz is applied between the conductive plastic surface and the second surface and the capacitive component of the alternating current is measured, the hybrid conductivity results in a decrease in the alternating current conductivity by more than 10%.
- the hybridization of the oligonucleotide can thus be demonstrated. Control experiments with non-specific oligonucleotides show no significant change in conductivity.
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Abstract
Description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Identifikation einer Biopoly- mersequenz auf FestkörperoberflächenMethod and device for identifying a biopolymer sequence on solid surfaces
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Identifikation einer spezifischen Biopolymersequenz, die auf einer Festkörperoberfläche gebunden ist.The invention relates to a method and a device for identifying a specific biopolymer sequence which is bound to a solid surface.
Aus der US 5,780,234 ist es bekannt, den Zustand der Hybridi- sierung durch Änderung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit nachzu- weisen. Dazu ist es nach der Lehre der US 5,780,234 erforderlich, daß ein Transfer von freien Elektronen stattfindet. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Nukleinsäuresequenzen mit Elektronendonatoren bzw. -akzeptoren kombiniert. Bei einer Hybridisierung kann es zum Ladungstransport kommen. Die Anlagerung des nach- zuweisenden Oligonukleotids erfolgt hier aus der Lösung.From US 5,780,234 it is known to demonstrate the state of hybridization by changing the electrical conductivity. According to the teaching of US Pat. No. 5,780,234, this requires that free electrons are transferred. For this purpose, the nucleic acid sequences are combined with electron donors or acceptors. Hybridization can lead to charge transport. The oligonucleotide to be detected is attached from the solution here.
Weitere Verfahren zur Identifikation einer Polymersequenz sind bekannt aus der WO 99/29898, US 5,065,798, WO 98/48275, US 5,866,336 sowie WO 99/11813.Further methods for identifying a polymer sequence are known from WO 99/29898, US 5,065,798, WO 98/48275, US 5,866,336 and WO 99/11813.
Aus H.W. Fink, C. Schönenberger , Nature 398, 407 (1999) ist bekannt, daß die Leitfähigkeit einzelner DNA-Doppelstränge in der Größenordnung guter Halbleiter oder leitfähiger Polymere liegt .From H.W. Fink, C. Schönenberger, Nature 398, 407 (1999) it is known that the conductivity of individual DNA double strands is of the order of magnitude of good semiconductors or conductive polymers.
S.O. Kelley, N.M. Jackson, M.G. Hill, J.K. Barton, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 38, 941 (1999) offenbaren, daß Monolagen von DNA-Doppelsträngen auf Elektrodenoberflächen eine hohe Leitfähigkeit und einen schnelleren Ladungstransfer auch über große Abstände aufweisen. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine neue Technologie bereitzustellen, mit der an eine feste Oberfläche fixierte Biopolymere eindeutig, schnell und sensitiv identifiziert werden können .SO Kelley, NM Jackson, MG Hill, JK Barton, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 38, 941 (1999) disclose that monolayers of DNA double strands on electrode surfaces have a high conductivity and a faster charge transfer even over large distances. The object of the invention is to provide a new technology with which biopolymers fixed to a solid surface can be identified clearly, quickly and sensitively.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 7 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 bis 6 und 8 bis 12.This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 7. Appropriate configurations result from the features of claims 2 to 6 and 8 to 12.
Nach Maßgabe der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Identifikation eines auf einer ersten Oberfläche eines ersten Substrats aufgebrachten ersten Biopolymers vorgesehen, wobei das erste Biopolymer mit einem dazu affinen, zweiten sich auf einer Oberfläche eines zweiten Substrats befindenden Biopolymer in Kontakt gebracht wird und wobei die Identifikation des ersten Biopolymers vorgenommen wird durch Auswertung der durch affinitatsbedingte Adhäsion bewirkten Änderung der Impedanz oder der Leitfähigkeit.According to the invention, a method for identifying a first biopolymer applied to a first surface of a first substrate is provided, the first biopolymer being brought into contact with an affine second biopolymer located on a surface of a second substrate, and wherein the identification of the The first biopolymer is carried out by evaluating the change in impedance or conductivity caused by affinity-related adhesion.
Unter einem Biopolymer wird insbesondere ein aus Nukleotiden oder Aminosäuren gebildetes Polymer verstanden, z.B. DNA, RNA, PNA, PTO, Peptid, Protein u. dgl .. Unter einem affinen Biopolymer wird ein Biopolymer verstanden, das mit einem korrespondierenden Biopolymer eine Bindung eingehen kann. Die Bindung kann eine kovalente, ionische oder auf Wasserstoff- brücken beruhende Bindung sein. Auch eine durch sterische Effekte hervorgerufene Bindung kommt in Betracht .A biopolymer is understood to mean in particular a polymer formed from nucleotides or amino acids, e.g. DNA, RNA, PNA, PTO, peptide, protein and the like. The like. An affine biopolymer is understood to mean a biopolymer that can form a bond with a corresponding biopolymer. The bond can be a covalent, ionic or hydrogen bond. Binding caused by steric effects can also be considered.
Durch die elektronische Detektion der z.B. bei der Hybridi- sierung auftretenden Leitfähigkeitsänderung zwischen zweiThrough the electronic detection of e.g. The change in conductivity between two that occurs during hybridization
Oberflächen wird die Sensitivität und Spezifität erhöht sowie apparativer Aufwand herabgesetzt. Mögliche Einsatzfelder des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegen in der medizinischen Diagnostik-, Identifikations- , Co- dierungs- und Erkennungstechnik .Surfaces are increased in sensitivity and specificity and equipment expenditure is reduced. Possible fields of application of the method according to the invention are medical diagnostic, identification, coding and recognition technology.
Als Änderung kann die Änderung der Impedanz oder der Leitfähigkeit im Gleichstrom- und/oder Wechselstrombereich in Abhängigkeit von einer aufgeprägten Wechselspannungs- oder Stromfrequenz gemessen werden. Dabei kann eine der Oberflächen elektrisch leitfähig sein und die Änderung über diese Oberfläche gemessen werden. Die Oberflächen können aber auch durch einen Isolator getrennt werden. Dabei kann das erste und/oder zweite Biopolymer als Schicht auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht sein, wobei darin elektroaktive Metallatome, - ionen, -cluster oder Komplexmoleküle eingebracht werden. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß die Bestimmung der Änderung mittels einer Referenzelektrode und/oder einer Gegenelektrode durchgeführt wird.As a change, the change in impedance or conductivity in the direct current and / or alternating current range can be measured as a function of an impressed alternating voltage or current frequency. One of the surfaces can be electrically conductive and the change can be measured over this surface. The surfaces can also be separated by an insulator. The first and / or second biopolymer can be applied as a layer to the surface, electroactive metal atoms, ions, clusters or complex molecules being introduced therein. According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the change is determined by means of a reference electrode and / or a counter electrode.
Nach weiterer Maßgabe der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vorgesehen, wobei auf einer Oberfläche eines ersten Substrats ein erstes Biopolymer derart aufgebracht ist, daß es mit einem dazu affinen, zweiten auf einer Oberfläche eines zweiten Substrats aufgebrachten Biopolymer in Kontakt bringbar ist, und wobei zur Identifikation des ersten Biopolymers eine Einrichtung zur Auswertung einer durch affinitätsbedingte Adhäsion ausgelösten Änderung der Impedanz oder der Leitfähigkeit vorgesehen ist.According to a further provision of the invention, a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is provided, a first biopolymer being applied to a surface of a first substrate in such a way that it can be brought into contact with a second biopolymer affixed thereto on a surface of a second substrate, and wherein a device for evaluating a change in the impedance or the conductivity caused by affinity-related adhesion is provided for the identification of the first biopolymer.
Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden im folgenden erläutert. Die erfindungsgemäße Identifikation der Biopolymere auf einer Festkörperoberfläche erfolgt vorteilhafterweise nach folgender Vorgehensweise:Embodiments of the invention are explained below. The identification of the biopolymers according to the invention on a Solid surface is advantageously carried out according to the following procedure:
Die auf der Oberfläche des ersten Substrats fixierten ersten Biopolymere werden mit dazu affinen zweiten Biopolymeren in Kontakt gebracht. Das hat eine Hybridisierung zur Folge. Die zweiten Biopolymere können auf einer Oberfläche eines zweiten Substrats fixiert sein und z.B. durch Aufeinanderpressen mit den zu identifizierenden ersten Biopolymeren in Kontakt ge- bracht werden. Als Substratwerkstoff kommt Glas, Kunststoff oder Metall in Betracht. Letztere können in Form einer Folie ausgebildet sein.The first biopolymers, which are fixed on the surface of the first substrate, are brought into contact with second biopolymers, which have an affinity for them. This results in hybridization. The second biopolymers can be fixed on a surface of a second substrate and e.g. are brought into contact with the first biopolymers to be identified by pressing them together. Glass, plastic or metal can be used as the substrate material. The latter can be designed in the form of a film.
Wenn die Hybridisierung zwischen zwei parallelen Oberflächen erfolgt, kann die Änderung in der Leitfähigkeit zwischen den beiden Oberflächen zur Detektion verwendet werden. Dies gilt in beiden Ausgestaltungsformen sowohl für Gleich- als auch Wechselstromleitfähigkeitsphänomene . Zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit können in den aus den Biopolymeren gebildeten Dünn- filmen auch Metallatome, -ionen, -cluster oder Komplexmoleküle eingelagert werden. Alternativ kann die Detektion auch über Fluoreszenz oder andere optische Methoden erfolgen. Leitfähige Cluster können dabei zur Verstärkung optischer Signale eingesetzt werden.If hybridization occurs between two parallel surfaces, the change in conductivity between the two surfaces can be used for detection. In both embodiments, this applies to both DC and AC conductivity phenomena. To increase the conductivity, metal atoms, ions, clusters or complex molecules can also be embedded in the thin films formed from the biopolymers. Alternatively, the detection can also be carried out using fluorescence or other optical methods. Conductive clusters can be used to amplify optical signals.
In einer Ausgestaltungsform werden als zu identifizierende erste Biopolymere Nukleinsäuren einer bestimmten Sequenz ko- valent an eine leitfähige Oberfläche des ersten Substrats gebunden. Dazu komplementäre Nukleinsäuren sind an ein zweites leitfähiges Substrat gebunden, das mit dem ersten durch Aufeinanderpressen in Kontakt gebracht wird. Bei einer Hybridisierung der Nukleinsäuren verringert sich der elektrische Wi- derstand. Das kann durch konventionelle elektronische Methoden nachgewiesen werden.In one embodiment, nucleic acids of a certain sequence are covalently bound to a conductive surface of the first substrate as the first biopolymers to be identified. Complementary nucleic acids are bound to a second conductive substrate which is brought into contact with the first by pressing them together. When the nucleic acids are hybridized, the electrical wi resistor. This can be proven by conventional electronic methods.
Es ist auch möglich, die mit der Hybridisierung einhergehenden Änderungen der Kapazitäten in der hybridisierenden Schicht Wechselstromwiderstände zu detektieren. Weiterhin ist auch der Einsatz elektrochemischer Signale, wie z.B. spezifischer Reduktions- und Oxidationspeaks , zur Identifikation der Hybridisierung einsetzbar.It is also possible to detect the changes in capacitance associated with the hybridization in the hybridizing layer. Furthermore, the use of electrochemical signals, e.g. specific reduction and oxidation peaks, can be used to identify the hybridization.
Die elektronischen Meßgrößen können verstärkt werden, indem in die Schicht der zu detektierenden Biopolymere Metallatome, -cluster oder -ionen eingebracht werden. Das kann sowohl vor als auch nach der Hybridisierung, z.B. durch Bedampfen oder elektrochemische Methoden, erfolgen. Weiterhin ist auch der Einsatz von komplexen Molekülen möglich, die sich z.B. bei Nukleinsäuren spezifisch an einzelsträngige Strukturen oder auch als Interkalatoren an doppelsträngige Konformationen anlagern und elektroaktive Zentren aufweisen.The electronic measured variables can be amplified by introducing metal atoms, clusters or ions into the layer of the biopolymers to be detected. This can be done both before and after hybridization, e.g. by vapor deposition or electrochemical methods. It is also possible to use complex molecules that e.g. in the case of nucleic acids, attach specifically to single-stranded structures or as intercalators to double-stranded conformations and have electroactive centers.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann z.B. im Bereich der Sicherheitstechnik zur fälschungssicheren Markierung und Identifizierung von Banknoten, Chipkarten, Ausweisen u.a. verwendet werden. Im Falle der Identifizierung unter Verwendung ei- ner flüssigen Phase kann das Verfahren auch zur Markierung und Identifizierung z.B. von Lebensmitteln, Medikamenten o.a. eingesetzt werden.The method according to the invention can e.g. in the field of security technology for counterfeit-proof marking and identification of banknotes, chip cards, ID cards, etc. be used. In the case of identification using a liquid phase, the method can also be used for labeling and identification e.g. of food, medicines, etc. be used.
Beispiel : Oligonukleotide einer Länge von 21 Basen werden am 5 ' -Ende kovalent an die Oberfläche eines leitfähigen Polykarbo- nat/Kohlefaser-Kunststoffes fixiert . Die an der Oberfläche befindlichen Oligonukleotide werden mit an einer zweiten Oberfläche befindlichen komplementären Sonden hybridisiert. Das geschieht durch Inkontaktbringen der beiden Oberflächen. Wird zwischen der leitfähigen Kunststoff- Oberfläche und der zweiten Oberfläche eine Wechselspannung einer Frequenz von 250 Hz angelegt und der kapazitive Anteil des Wechselstromes gemessen, so ergibt sich bei Hybridisie- rung ein Abfall der Wechselstromleitfähigkeit um mehr als 10%. Damit kann die Hybridisierung des Oligonukleotids nach- gewiesen werden. Kontrollversuche mit nicht spezifischen Oli- gonukleotiden ergeben keine wesentliche Leitfähigkeitsänderung. Example: Oligonucleotides with a length of 21 bases are covalently attached to the surface of a conductive polycarbonate / carbon fiber plastic at the 5 'end. The oligonucleotides on the surface are hybridized with complementary probes on a second surface. This is done by bringing the two surfaces into contact. If an alternating voltage of a frequency of 250 Hz is applied between the conductive plastic surface and the second surface and the capacitive component of the alternating current is measured, the hybrid conductivity results in a decrease in the alternating current conductivity by more than 10%. The hybridization of the oligonucleotide can thus be demonstrated. Control experiments with non-specific oligonucleotides show no significant change in conductivity.
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CA002386518A CA2386518A1 (en) | 1999-08-16 | 2000-08-12 | Method and device for identifying a biopolymer sequence on a solid surface |
AU74030/00A AU7403000A (en) | 1999-08-16 | 2000-08-12 | Method and device for identifying a biopolymer sequence on solid surface |
EP00962216A EP1203237A2 (en) | 1999-08-16 | 2000-08-12 | Method and device for identifying a biopolymer sequence on a solid surface |
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EP0979408B1 (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 2004-10-06 | SCHALKHAMMER, Thomas | Reinforced cluster optical sensors |
AU9220498A (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-22 | Bayer Corporation | Oligonucleotide probes bearing quenchable fluorescent labels, and methods of usethereof |
ES2173670T3 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 2002-10-16 | Max Planck Gesellschaft | IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE FOR NUCLEIC ACIDS THROUGH LASER MASS SPECTROMETRY OF DESORTION / IONIZATION ASSISTED BY MATRIX. |
JP2003508730A (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2003-03-04 | モトローラ・インコーポレイテッド | Biosensor using charge neutral conjugated polymer |
-
1999
- 1999-08-16 DE DE19938138A patent/DE19938138C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-08-12 AU AU74030/00A patent/AU7403000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-12 WO PCT/DE2000/002758 patent/WO2001013115A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-12 CA CA002386518A patent/CA2386518A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-12 EP EP00962216A patent/EP1203237A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
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US7452457B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2008-11-18 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | System and method for analyte measurement using dose sufficiency electrodes |
US7597793B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2009-10-06 | Roche Operations Ltd. | System and method for analyte measurement employing maximum dosing time delay |
US7645421B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2010-01-12 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip |
US7645373B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2010-01-12 | Roche Diagnostic Operations, Inc. | System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip |
US7718439B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2010-05-18 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip |
US8058077B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2011-11-15 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | Method for coding information on a biosensor test strip |
US8206565B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2012-06-26 | Roche Diagnostics Operation, Inc. | System and method for coding information on a biosensor test strip |
US7556723B2 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2009-07-07 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | Electrode design for biosensor |
US7569126B2 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2009-08-04 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | System and method for quality assurance of a biosensor test strip |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1203237A2 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
CA2386518A1 (en) | 2001-02-22 |
AU7403000A (en) | 2001-03-13 |
WO2001013115A3 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
DE19938138A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
DE19938138C2 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
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