WO2001012316A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement de gaz de torche permettant de reduire les emissions toxiques - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de traitement de gaz de torche permettant de reduire les emissions toxiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001012316A1
WO2001012316A1 PCT/CA2000/000926 CA0000926W WO0112316A1 WO 2001012316 A1 WO2001012316 A1 WO 2001012316A1 CA 0000926 W CA0000926 W CA 0000926W WO 0112316 A1 WO0112316 A1 WO 0112316A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
gases
vessel
outlet
flare
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2000/000926
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
R. T. Merrick, (Moe)
Original Assignee
Merrick R T Moe
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merrick R T Moe filed Critical Merrick R T Moe
Priority to CA002381572A priority Critical patent/CA2381572A1/fr
Priority to AU65517/00A priority patent/AU6551700A/en
Publication of WO2001012316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001012316A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0431—Beds with radial gas flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B01D53/526—Mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/8687—Organic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/68—Treating the combustion air or gas, e.g. by filtering, or moistening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
    • F23G7/085—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks in stacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/302—Dimensions
    • B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/93—Toxic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/56—Use in the form of a bed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to method and apparatus for treating flare stack gases commonly associated with oil production platforms, crude oil treatment facilities, petroleum distillation facilities, chemical refining facilities and the like.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Flares have been used in all types of chemical, oil and crude oil processing facilities to burn off excess gases developed in the system treatment and to prevent explosions due to excess gases.
  • there may be chemical compounds in the flare gas which, when burned in the flare, produce emissions which may be toxic to the environment.
  • Significant steps have been taken to reduce the toxic constituents in the burned flare gas; however, none of these approaches demonstrated a consistent highly reliable removal of the toxic constituents before the gasses are burned.
  • a gas treatment composition for treating gases to remove toxic materials comprising about 85% by weight of a particulate anhydrous silicate of alumina, calcium, sodium and potassium at about 0% moisture; and about 15% by weight of a particulate argonite of limestone at about 0% moisture.
  • a method for treating flare gases before burning to remove toxic materials comprising passing the flare gases through a treatment bed comprising the above composition.
  • an apparatus for treating gases to remove toxic materials comprising a cylindrical vessel with an inlet and an outlet, a tubular passageway provided in the vessel and having a blind end and the other end connected to the inlet, the tubular passageway having a perforated wall surrounded by a cylindrical outer shell having end caps to seal the shell to the passageway and define a confined annular space for containing the above composition; the outer shell being perforated and spaced from an interior wall surface of the vessel, the outlet being in communication with the space between the shell and the vessel wall; whereby gases to be treated flow through the tubular passageway, through the composition, through the outer shell and through the outlet.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation o the treatment apparatus
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the container for the treatment material
  • Figure 4 is a side plan view of the end cap for the treatment container of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a side view of the end cap of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 shows the interior of the treatment container with end cap for application thereto;
  • Figure 7 is a section through the assembled apparatus showing the treatment of flare stack gases.
  • the apparatus 1 for treating flare stack gases has an outlet 2 connected to a bell-shaped mixing dome 4 which is secured to the outer body portion 6 by way of flange bolts 3 where a gasket 5 is sandwiched between flange plates 25 and 30.
  • the body portion 6 has lift lugs 7 integral therewith to facilitate lifting of the apparatus 1.
  • a hydrogen probe 9 is provided which senses the amount of hydrogen in the treated gases and which carries the sensor cable 8.
  • the pressure of the outlet stream of gases, as treated by the apparatus 1 is monitored at stream flow pressure gauge 10 which is in communication with the treated stream through valve cock 11.
  • line 12 is provided for carrying alcohol through a flow valve 13 and injecting it into the incoming stream 14 introduced to the apparatus through inlet 15.
  • the apparatus 1 may supported
  • RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA/EP on the ground 32 by way of legs 16 secured to the apparatus.
  • a fluid drain 17 At the base of the apparatus is a fluid drain 17 having a valve 18.
  • the exploded view of the apparatus is shown in more detail in Figure 2.
  • the outer shell 21 of the body portion 6 has the plate flange 25 integral therewith or welded thereto.
  • the other end 34 has the inlet pipe 14 secured and sealed to the end plate 34 of the apparatus 1.
  • the central hollow, longitudinally extending, perforated tube 19 is sealed to the inlet pipe 14 so that all flare stack gases flow through the perforated pipe 19 and out through the perforations 23.
  • a sleeve 20 is provided for containing the treatment material in the annular space defined between the pipe 19 and the sleeve 20.
  • the pipe 19 extends through the annular ring 35 and has a plate 36 connected to the end 40 of the tube by way of the bolt 42 extending into threaded aperture 44.
  • a stainless steel gasket seal 5 is sandwiched between the plate flanges 25 and 30 and are secured by the studs 3.
  • the bell-shaped housing 4 has the outlet pipe 2 integral therewith with the connector flange 46 provided on the outlet tube 2.
  • the sleeve 20, which houses the treatment material, has endplates 38 and 48. Endplate 38 is held in position by supporting plate 50 which is secured by bolt 42 threading into the end of the central diffusion tube 19, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the sleeve 20 includes apertures 52 which permit the treated gases to flow through the material out through the sleeve and out through the outlet 2 of the bell chamber 4.
  • the end cap 38, as shown in Figure 6, has an enlarged opening 54 which is designed to fit over the periphery of the end 56 of the diffusion tube 19 and the plate 50 seals the arrangement with the bolt threaded in place.
  • the inlet 14 delivers flue stack gases 58 to the diffusion tube 19. Gases flow out through the apertures 23 and into the treatment material 60 and ultimately through the openings 52 of the sleeve 20 and into the annual space 62 defined between the sleeve 20 and the interior 64 of the housing body portion 6. The gases are mixed in the annular space 62 and flow over the periphery of plate 38 into the chamber 66 of the bell housing 4 where further intermixing and reactions take place before discharge through the outlet 2 in the direction of arrow 68.
  • the apparatus 10 can be readily adapted to any processing facility in respect of treating flare stack gases.
  • the unit is installed in position in the line usually at a distance of about 5 meters upstream of the flare stack riser.
  • the treatment material is of a volume to provide a residence time for the gases in the material of about 45 to 60 seconds before exiting through outlet 2.
  • the end cap 38 is of a size which is slightly larger in diameter than the outside diameter of the sleeve 20 so that it acts as a retention baffle and thereby retains gases in the annular space 62. This end cap 38 in restricting the exit for the annular space 62 can also prevent flashback and hence block explosions in the flare line.
  • the treatment material housed in the sleeve 20 is preferably a special blend of about 85% by weight of the aforementioned Zeolite in admixture with about 15% by weight of limestone commonly referred to as Oolite.
  • the Zeolite is a high grade cation of 14 "plus" processed to a sieve size of one- quarter inch minus aggregate and kiln dried to a moisture equilibrium of about 0%. Where application of the technology demands, the percentage compositions may be as close as possible to 85% and 15% and the moisture content may be as close as possible to 0%.
  • the materials are accurately blended to provide the preferred treatment composition. The composition is capable of removing most if not all of the toxic materials before being fed to the flare.
  • the function of the treatment material is not completely understood, it is believed to perform a catalytic function in converting the toxins into non-toxic components, such as catalyzing the oxidation of cyclic carbon structures and long chain structures.
  • the Zeolite material is capable of adsorbing and absorbing toxic materials, such as the cyclic mercaptans, nitrogenous based substances and other hetero-based compounds. It is theorized that the Zeolite and limestone function together to encapsulate the toxic materials. It is thought that the composition, when it becomes saturated, crystallizes to seal off all of the adsorbed and absorbed toxins. Temperatures in excess of 1500°C will usually not alter the treatment materials when saturated and will not release the encapsulated toxins.
  • the treatment composition has a determined life by monitoring the pressure in the annular space. When there is the development of a pressure drop, this indicates saturation of the treatment material with the toxic components.
  • the line is then switched over to a rejuvenated unit and the spent unit is removed and replaced with a new unit, in accordance with the standard filtering and treatment practices.
  • the saturated material is collected, is dried and used as a concrete filler for the construction building industry without release of the toxic constituents.
  • the pressure in the annular space may be monitored automatically and when a pressure drop of a pre-determined magnitude is sensed, the system is automatically switched over to a rejuvenated unit so that the spent unit can be replaced.
  • the hydrogen probe is used and is constantly monitored to ensure that little, if any, H 2 S gases pass through the treatment material into the outlet.
  • alcohol may be injected into the line to prevent freeze ups of the system. It is appreciated that, during operation, moisture may collect in the bottom of the annular space and provision is made for draining off this material through the drain system 17, as described with respect to Figure 1.
  • the operating temperature of the flare line is usually in the range from about 17°C to about 120°C.
  • the unit functions quite capably at these temperatures and can be pushed to a much wider band of temperature operation preferably from 10°C up to 300°C with an inside ambient temperature perhaps as low as -45°C.
  • the average flare line working pressure is in the range of 100 psi to about 700 psi, although the apparatus is designed to operate at pressure as high as 10,000 psi. It is, of course, appreciated that, as the pressure increases, the residence time for the gases decrease and this must be taken into consideration where a preferred residence time for the gases is 45 to 60 seconds.
  • the apparatus has been tested in treating flare gases of a typical composition.
  • the anhydrous silicate of aluminum, calcium, sodium and potassium is provided in the form of a tubuiar catalyst and acts as an absorbent.
  • the chemical formula for the preferred silicalite is (CaNa 2 K 2 )OAI 2 O 3 .10SiO 2 .7H 2 O.
  • the Oolite is a particulate argonite limestone which has been ground to provide grains of about 0.25 mm to about 2 mm.
  • Gas analysis of the flare gas stream were conducted.
  • the incoming gas stream has a range of constituents including sulfurous compounds, nitrogenous compounds, noble gaseous compounds, hydrogen and linear and cyclic hydrocarbon compounds.
  • the incoming composition has a mole fraction which adds up to 1 for the noted constituents and the outlet has a mole fraction which adds to 1 for the corresponding constituents in the treated stream.
  • the amounts of Zeolite and Oolite were as close as possible to 85% by weight and 15% by weight with 0% moisture.
  • there is a total removal of CO 2 and H 2 S with increases of in hydrogen which is to be expected in view of the elimination of the H 2 S.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de traitement gazeux servant à traiter des gaz pour éliminer les substances toxiques qu'ils contiennent. La composition comprend environ 85 % en poids d'un silicate anhydre particulaire d'alumine, de calcium, de sodium et de potassium à environ 0 % d'humidité et environ 15 % en poids d'une aragonite de calcaire particulaire à environ 0 % d'humidité.
PCT/CA2000/000926 1999-08-13 2000-08-11 Procede et dispositif de traitement de gaz de torche permettant de reduire les emissions toxiques WO2001012316A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002381572A CA2381572A1 (fr) 1999-08-13 2000-08-11 Procede et dispositif de traitement de gaz de torche permettant de reduire les emissions toxiques
AU65517/00A AU6551700A (en) 1999-08-13 2000-08-11 Method and apparatus for treating flare stack gases to reduce toxic emissions

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002280437A CA2280437A1 (fr) 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Methode et appareil pour traiter des gaz de torchere afin de reduire les emissions toxiques
CA2,280,437 1999-08-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001012316A1 true WO2001012316A1 (fr) 2001-02-22

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PCT/CA2000/000926 WO2001012316A1 (fr) 1999-08-13 2000-08-11 Procede et dispositif de traitement de gaz de torche permettant de reduire les emissions toxiques

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU6551700A (fr)
CA (1) CA2280437A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001012316A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10731169B2 (en) 2013-07-05 2020-08-04 Basf Plant Science Company Gmbh Gene expression or activity enhancing elements
WO2023244912A1 (fr) * 2022-06-16 2023-12-21 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Dispositif de purification de gaz pour four de soudage par refusion et four de soudage par refusion l'utilisant

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775136A (en) * 1967-12-27 1973-11-27 Air Prod & Chem Calcium sodium alumino disilicate foam
US4318720A (en) * 1979-07-19 1982-03-09 Hoggatt Donald L Exhaust filter muffler
US4387653A (en) * 1980-08-04 1983-06-14 Engelhard Corporation Limestone-based sorbent agglomerates for removal of sulfur compounds in hot gases and method of making
US4424197A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-01-03 United States Gypsum Company Gas desulfurization
US5348573A (en) * 1992-01-10 1994-09-20 County Sanitation Districts Of Los Angeles County Annular scrubber
DE4339777A1 (de) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Gehalts an metallischem Quecksilber von Rauchgasen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775136A (en) * 1967-12-27 1973-11-27 Air Prod & Chem Calcium sodium alumino disilicate foam
US4318720A (en) * 1979-07-19 1982-03-09 Hoggatt Donald L Exhaust filter muffler
US4387653A (en) * 1980-08-04 1983-06-14 Engelhard Corporation Limestone-based sorbent agglomerates for removal of sulfur compounds in hot gases and method of making
US4424197A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-01-03 United States Gypsum Company Gas desulfurization
US5348573A (en) * 1992-01-10 1994-09-20 County Sanitation Districts Of Los Angeles County Annular scrubber
DE4339777A1 (de) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Gehalts an metallischem Quecksilber von Rauchgasen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10731169B2 (en) 2013-07-05 2020-08-04 Basf Plant Science Company Gmbh Gene expression or activity enhancing elements
WO2023244912A1 (fr) * 2022-06-16 2023-12-21 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Dispositif de purification de gaz pour four de soudage par refusion et four de soudage par refusion l'utilisant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6551700A (en) 2001-03-13
CA2280437A1 (fr) 2001-02-13

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