WO2001003908A1 - Device for producing a flat component, reinforced with roving - Google Patents

Device for producing a flat component, reinforced with roving Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001003908A1
WO2001003908A1 PCT/DE2000/002248 DE0002248W WO0103908A1 WO 2001003908 A1 WO2001003908 A1 WO 2001003908A1 DE 0002248 W DE0002248 W DE 0002248W WO 0103908 A1 WO0103908 A1 WO 0103908A1
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Prior art keywords
rovings
slot
feed
nozzle
extruder head
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Application number
PCT/DE2000/002248
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen RABE
Original Assignee
Sachsenring Automobiltechnik Ag
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Publication of WO2001003908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003908A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/156—Coating two or more articles simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for producing a flat component reinforced with rovings according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device and a method for this is known from DE Patent 37 17 321.
  • An annular nozzle is provided there, with which a hose reinforced with rovings is produced.
  • the hose is placed on a shelf in a still plastically deformable state after a layer oyster and then pressed into a flat component. It is also envisaged to slit the length of the tube before laying it down and to lay the flat web obtained by opening it up according to a pattern.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device with which a flat web reinforced with rovings can be produced inexpensively, which can optionally be deposited according to a pattern and pressed into a flat component.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a partially sectioned top view
  • Fig. 3 shows the extruder head when placing the extruded flat sheet on a tray
  • 1 and 2 denotes a part of an extrusion device.
  • This has an extruder 2 with an extruder screw 3, the extruder 2 being tightly connected to a flange 5 of an extruder head 6 via a flange 4.
  • the extruder head 6 has a sprue opening 7, to which the spray nozzle 8 of the extruder 2 can be pressed.
  • the latter has an extruder nozzle designed as a slot die 9 with a die slot 10 which has a height 10.1 and a length 10.2.
  • a feed device 11 for rovings 12 is provided on the extruder head 6 between the sprue opening 7 and the mouth of the slot die 9. This feed device 11 extends over the entire length or almost the entire length 10.2 of the die slot 10 or the extruder head 6.
  • the feed device 11 has, distributed over the length 10.2, in particular evenly distributed, feed openings 13. These are located above corresponding inlet openings 14 on the adjacent flat side 6.1 of the extruder head 6.
  • thermoplastic polymer material 15 made of at least one thermoplastic, thermoset or elastomer is used as the extrusion material.
  • Polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyester are particularly suitable.
  • the material 15 melted in the extruder 2 is injected into the extruder head 6 and extruded from its die slot 10 as a flat web 16.
  • the rovings 12 fed in via the feed device 11 are drawn in and extruded from the nozzle slot 10 and coated with the material 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for producing a flat component which is reinforced with roving (12) and which consists of at least one thermally deformable polymer material (15). The roving (12) which is fed to the melt of the polymer material is to be configured in such a way that a flat web reinforced with said roving (12) can be produced in a cost-effective manner, deposited according to a pattern and compressed to obtain a flat component. In order to achieve this, the extruder nozzle takes the form of a slot die (9) and a feed device (12) is provided for the roving, to feed said roving (12) into the mouth of the nozzle slot (10).

Description

Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mit Rovings verstärkten flächigen Bauteils Device for producing a flat component reinforced with rovings
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mit Rovings verstärkten flächigen Bauteils gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a device for producing a flat component reinforced with rovings according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren hierzu ist aus dem DE-Patent 37 17 321 bekannt. Dort ist eine Ringdüse vorgesehen, mit der ein mit Rovings verstärkter Schlauch hergestellt wird. Der Schlauch wird im noch plastisch verformbaren Zustand nach einem Ablegerauster auf eine Ablage abgelegt und anschließend zu einem flächigen Bauteil verpreßt. Es ist auch vorgesehen, den Schlauch vor dem Ablegen der Länge nach aufzuschlitzen und die durch Aufklappen erhaltene Flachbahn nach einem Muster abzulegen.Such a device and a method for this is known from DE Patent 37 17 321. An annular nozzle is provided there, with which a hose reinforced with rovings is produced. The hose is placed on a shelf in a still plastically deformable state after a layer oyster and then pressed into a flat component. It is also envisaged to slit the length of the tube before laying it down and to lay the flat web obtained by opening it up according to a pattern.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung soll die Aufgabe gelöst werden, eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit der eine mit Rovings verstärkte Flachbahn kostengünstig herstellbar ist, wobei diese gegebenenfalls nach einem Muster ablegbar und zu einem flächigen Bauteil verpreßbar ist.The object of the present invention is to provide a device with which a flat web reinforced with rovings can be produced inexpensively, which can optionally be deposited according to a pattern and pressed into a flat component.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale . Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es in einfacher Weise möglich, unmittelbar mit den Rovings verstärkte Flachbahnen herzustellen. Durch zusätzlich vorgesehene Führungsstege kann eine gewünschte Verteilung der Rovings sichergestellt werden.This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. With the present invention it is possible in a simple manner to produce flat webs reinforced directly with the rovings. A desired distribution of the rovings can be ensured by additionally provided guide webs.
Weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend anhand der in der Zeichnung veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:Further advantageous details of the invention are specified in the subclaims and are described in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Extruderteil mit einer Extruderdüse und einer Roving-Zuführungsvorrichtung von der Seite im Schnitt gesehen,1 an extruder part with an extruder nozzle and a roving feed device seen from the side in section,
Fig. 2 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Draufsicht,2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a partially sectioned top view,
Fig. 3 den Extruderkopf beim Ablegen der extrudierten Flachbahn auf eine Ablage und dieFig. 3 shows the extruder head when placing the extruded flat sheet on a tray and the
Fig. 4 und 5 je ein mögliches Ablegemuster.4 and 5 each have a possible pattern.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist mit 1 ein Teil einer Extrusionsvor- richtung bezeichnet. Diese besitzt einen Extruder 2 mit einer Extruderschnecke 3, wobei der Extruder 2 über einen Flansch 4 mit einem Flansch 5 eines Extruderkopfes 6 dicht verbunden ist. Der Extruderkopf 6 besitzt eine Angußöffnung 7, an die die Spritzdüse 8 des Extruders 2 angepreßt werden kann. Vorzugsweise auf der der Angußöffnung 7 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Extruderkopfes 6 besitzt dieser eine als Breitschlitzdüse 9 ausgebildete Extruderdüse mit einem Düsenschlitz 10, der eine Höhe 10.1 und eine Länge 10.2 besitzt .1 and 2, 1 denotes a part of an extrusion device. This has an extruder 2 with an extruder screw 3, the extruder 2 being tightly connected to a flange 5 of an extruder head 6 via a flange 4. The extruder head 6 has a sprue opening 7, to which the spray nozzle 8 of the extruder 2 can be pressed. Preferably on the side of the extruder head 6 opposite the sprue opening 7, the latter has an extruder nozzle designed as a slot die 9 with a die slot 10 which has a height 10.1 and a length 10.2.
Am Extruderkopf 6 ist zwischen der Angußöffnung 7 und der Mündung der Breitschlitzdüse 9 eine Zuführvorrichtung 11 für Rovings 12 vorgesehen. Diese Zuführvorrichtung 11 erstreckt sich über die gesamte Länge oder nahezu die gesamte Länge 10.2 des Düsenschlitzes 10 oder des Extruderkopfes 6. Die Zuführvorrichtung 11 besitzt, über die Länge 10.2 verteilt, insbesondere gleichmäßig verteilt, Zuführöffnungen 13. Diese befinden sich über mit diesen korrespondierenden Einlaßöffnungen 14 an der angrenzenden Flachseite 6.1 des Extruderkopfes 6.A feed device 11 for rovings 12 is provided on the extruder head 6 between the sprue opening 7 and the mouth of the slot die 9. This feed device 11 extends over the entire length or almost the entire length 10.2 of the die slot 10 or the extruder head 6. The feed device 11 has, distributed over the length 10.2, in particular evenly distributed, feed openings 13. These are located above corresponding inlet openings 14 on the adjacent flat side 6.1 of the extruder head 6.
Als Extrusionswerkstoff dient ein thermpolastisch verformbarer polymerer Werkstoff 15 aus wenigstens einem Thermoplast, Duroplast oder Elastomer. Insbesondere eignen sich Polyamide, Polyethylen, Polypropylen und Polyester. Durch die Extruderschnecke 3 wird der im Extruder 2 geschmolzene Werkstoff 15 in den Extruderkopf 6 gespritzt und aus dessen Düsenschlitz 10 als Flachbahn 16 extrudiert . Dabei werden die über die Zuführvorrichtung 11 zugeführten Rovings 12 eingezogen und mit dem Werkstoff 15 umhüllt aus dem Düsenschlitz 10 extrudiert.A thermoplastic polymer material 15 made of at least one thermoplastic, thermoset or elastomer is used as the extrusion material. Polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyester are particularly suitable. Through the extruder screw 3, the material 15 melted in the extruder 2 is injected into the extruder head 6 and extruded from its die slot 10 as a flat web 16. In this case, the rovings 12 fed in via the feed device 11 are drawn in and extruded from the nozzle slot 10 and coated with the material 15.
Um zu gewährleisten, daß die Rovings 12 im Extruderkopf 6 in gewünschter Weise verteilt werden, sind vorteilhaft im Bereich 17 zwischen dem Düsenschlitz 10 und den Zuführöffnungen 13 bzw. den Einlaßöffnungen 14 in der Wand 6.1 entsprechend der gewünschten Verteilung der Rovings 12 über die Länge 10.2 verteilte Führungsstege 18 vorgesehen. (^In order to ensure that the rovings 12 are distributed in the extruder head 6 in the desired manner, are advantageously in the area 17 between the nozzle slot 10 and the feed openings 13 and the inlet openings 14 in the wall 6.1 according to the desired distribution of the rovings 12 over the length 10.2 distributed guide webs 18 provided. (^
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0001
Bei dem Ablegemuster gemäß Fig. 5 sind einige der abgelegten Flachbahnabschnitte enger aneinander angrenzend und andere weiter voneinander entfernt abgelegt. Im Bereich der engeren Ablage weist das Bauteil eine höhere Belastbarkeit auf. 5, some of the deposited flat web sections are placed closer together and others are placed further apart. In the area of the closer storage, the component has a higher load capacity.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mit Rovings (12) verstärkten flächigen Bauteils aus wenigstens einem thermisch verformbaren polymeren Werkstoff (15) , wobei die Rovings (12) der Schmelze des polymeren Werkstoffs (15) zugeführt und diese, über den Querschnitt der Extruderdüse verteilt, mit dem Werkstoff (15) extrudierbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Extruderdüse eine Breitschlitzdüse (9) ist und zum Zuführen der Rovings (12) vor der Mündung des Düsenschlitzes (10) eine Zuführvorrichtung (11) für die Rovings (12) vorgesehen ist.1. Device for producing a flat component reinforced with rovings (12) from at least one thermally deformable polymeric material (15), the rovings (12) being fed to the melt of the polymeric material (15) and distributed over the cross section of the extruder nozzle, can be extruded with the material (15), characterized in that the extruder nozzle is a slot die (9) and a feed device (11) for the rovings (12) is provided for feeding the rovings (12) before the mouth of the die slot (10) ,
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Zuführvorrichtung (11) über die gesamte oder nahezu die gesamte Länge (10.2) der Breitschlitzdüse (9) oder dessen Düsenschlitz (10) erstreckt und unmittelbar oder mittelbar in den Extruderkopf (6) ragende Zuführöffnungen (13) der Zuführvorrichtung (11) für Rovings (12) über die Länge (10.2) des Düsenschlitzes (10) verteilt sind.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed device (11) extends over the entire or almost the entire length (10.2) of the slot die (9) or its die slot (10) and directly or indirectly into the extruder head (6) projecting feed openings (13) of the feed device (11) for rovings (12) are distributed over the length (10.2) of the nozzle slot (10).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Zuführvorrichtung (11) und der Mündung des Düsenschlitzes (10) über die Länge3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the feed device (11) and the mouth of the nozzle slot (10) over the length
(10.2) des Düsenschlitzes (10) verteilt Führungsstege (18) zur Führung der Rovings (12) im Extruderkopf (6) vorgesehen sind. (10.2) of the nozzle slot (10) distributed guide webs (18) for guiding the rovings (12) in the extruder head (6) are provided.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß je Zuführöffnung (13) wenigstens je ein Führungssteg (18) zwischen der Zuführöffnung (13) und dem Düsenschlitz (10) oder in der Wand (6.1) des Extruderkopfes (6) entsprechend angeordnete Einlaßöffnungen (14) vorgesehen sind.4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that each feed opening (13) at least one guide web (18) between the feed opening (13) and the nozzle slot (10) or in the wall (6.1) of the extruder head (6) correspondingly arranged inlet openings (14) are provided.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eine Flachseite (6.1) des Extruderkopfes (6) oder zumindest die Innenwand (6.11) derselben zum Düsenschlitz (10) hin, den Querschnitt verkleinernd, schräg verläuft.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one flat side (6.1) of the extruder head (6) or at least the inner wall (6.11) of the same to the nozzle slot (10), reducing the cross section, runs obliquely.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuführöffnungen (13) und eventuell vorhandene Einlaßöffnungen (14) und/oder die Führungsstege (18) im Bereich (17) der Schräge der Flachseite (6.1) des Extruderkopfes (6) vorgesehen sind.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the feed openings (13) and possibly existing inlet openings (14) and / or the guide webs (18) in the region (17) of the slope of the flat side (6.1) of the extruder head (6) are provided ,
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für das mit den Rovings (12) verstärkte, in Form einer Flachbahn (16) ausgebildete Extrudat eine Ablage (19) vorgesehen ist und die Extrusionsvorrichtung (1) oder ein Teil der Extrusionsvorrichtung (1) oder wenigstens der Extruderkopf (6) und die Ablage (19) relativ zueinander, zumindest in der (x-y) -Ebene der Ablage (19) , verfahrbar ist.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for the with the rovings (12) reinforced in the form of a flat web (16) formed extrudate a tray (19) is provided and the extrusion device (1) or a part the extrusion device (1) or at least the extruder head (6) and the tray (19) can be moved relative to one another, at least in the (xy) plane of the tray (19).
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flachbahn (16) auf der Ablage (19) nach einem Ablegemuster ablegbar ist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the flat web (16) on the shelf (19) can be deposited according to a deposit pattern.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Preßstempel (20) vorgesehen ist, der auf das Ablegemuster preßbar ist. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a press ram (20) is provided which can be pressed onto the laying pattern.
PCT/DE2000/002248 1999-07-13 2000-07-11 Device for producing a flat component, reinforced with roving WO2001003908A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29911930U DE29911930U1 (en) 1999-07-13 1999-07-13 Device for producing a flat component reinforced with a ring
DE29911930.0 1999-07-13

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Cited By (1)

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JP2009119865A (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-06-04 Soc De Technol Michelin Device for sheathing strip of filaments, which has symmetrical feed channel

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US3993726A (en) * 1974-01-16 1976-11-23 Hercules Incorporated Methods of making continuous length reinforced plastic articles
US4300878A (en) * 1980-08-27 1981-11-17 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Extrusion die for forming composite rubber-cord strip
DE3115306A1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1982-04-08 Yamakawa Industrial Co. Ltd., Fuji, Shizuoka "METHOD FOR MOLDING PLASTIC"
US4563140A (en) * 1983-11-14 1986-01-07 Armstrong Rubber Company Apparatus for coating aligned cords
DE3717321A1 (en) * 1987-05-22 1988-12-15 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Production process for a sheet-like component and component
DE3824181A1 (en) * 1987-07-25 1989-02-02 Barmag Barmer Maschf Process for producing thermoplastic prepregs

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DE3929146A1 (en) * 1989-09-02 1991-03-07 Martin Rudolph Continuous thermoplastic FRP prodn. - by feeding suitable fibrous material together with heated thermoplastics and consolidating combination by passing it through e.g. extruder
IT1241332B (en) * 1990-12-04 1994-01-10 Firestone Int Dev Spa METHOD FOR THE REALIZATION OF A REINFORCED COMPONENT OF A VEHICLE TIRE CASE
JP3358849B2 (en) * 1993-08-17 2002-12-24 住友化学工業株式会社 Coated die for manufacturing long fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composition
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993726A (en) * 1974-01-16 1976-11-23 Hercules Incorporated Methods of making continuous length reinforced plastic articles
DE3115306A1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1982-04-08 Yamakawa Industrial Co. Ltd., Fuji, Shizuoka "METHOD FOR MOLDING PLASTIC"
US4300878A (en) * 1980-08-27 1981-11-17 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Extrusion die for forming composite rubber-cord strip
US4563140A (en) * 1983-11-14 1986-01-07 Armstrong Rubber Company Apparatus for coating aligned cords
DE3717321A1 (en) * 1987-05-22 1988-12-15 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Production process for a sheet-like component and component
DE3824181A1 (en) * 1987-07-25 1989-02-02 Barmag Barmer Maschf Process for producing thermoplastic prepregs

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009119865A (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-06-04 Soc De Technol Michelin Device for sheathing strip of filaments, which has symmetrical feed channel

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