WO2001003837A1 - Broche de transfert de liquides - Google Patents

Broche de transfert de liquides Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001003837A1
WO2001003837A1 PCT/GB2000/002678 GB0002678W WO0103837A1 WO 2001003837 A1 WO2001003837 A1 WO 2001003837A1 GB 0002678 W GB0002678 W GB 0002678W WO 0103837 A1 WO0103837 A1 WO 0103837A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tip
liquid transfer
pin
slot
outlet portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2000/002678
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stuart Antony Elmes
David Frank Moore
Jonathan Pearson
Original Assignee
Biorobotics Limited
Cambridge University Technical Services Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biorobotics Limited, Cambridge University Technical Services Limited filed Critical Biorobotics Limited
Priority to EP00948102A priority Critical patent/EP1194239A1/fr
Publication of WO2001003837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003837A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/0241—Drop counters; Drop formers
    • B01L3/0244—Drop counters; Drop formers using pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/0241—Drop counters; Drop formers
    • B01L3/0244—Drop counters; Drop formers using pins
    • B01L3/0248—Prongs, quill pen type dispenser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00351—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
    • B01J2219/00387—Applications using probes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
    • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
    • C40B60/00—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries
    • C40B60/14—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries for creating libraries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
    • G01N2035/1027—General features of the devices
    • G01N2035/1034—Transferring microquantities of liquid
    • G01N2035/1037—Using surface tension, e.g. pins or wires

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid transfer pm for transferring one or more drops of fluid to a substrate, and to a method of producing such a pin, and in particular, to a liquid transfer pm for producing microarrays of droplets for testing in the field of life sciences, and to a method of producing such a liquid transfer pin.
  • Such arrays are typically prepared using a liquid transfer tool.
  • the tip of the liquid transfer tool is dipped into a relatively large volume source of the sample liquid (typically 5 to 40 microlitres) to pick up a droplet on the tip of the tool.
  • the tip of the liquid transfer tool is then contacted with the substrate to transfer the droplet to the substrate.
  • the above procedure is repeated the necessary times to give the desired number of spots of the first sample fluid; the tool is then cleaned; and then the whole procedure is repeated for each of the plurality of sample fluids .
  • liquid transfer tools are typically combined in groups attached to a common base to provide a multi-pin liquid transfer tool so that a plurality of droplets can be transferred to the substrate in a single movement of the base to form an array.
  • the array-forming process can be further expedited by providing the liquid transfer tool with a reservoir which is connected to the tip of the liquid transfer tool and which can hold enough of the sample fluid for transferring a plurality of droplets to one or more substrates.
  • a reservoir which is connected to the tip of the liquid transfer tool and which can hold enough of the sample fluid for transferring a plurality of droplets to one or more substrates.
  • Monolithic liquid transfer tools prepared by the micro- machining of solid pins are known.
  • a slot extending from the tip of the pin is cut into the pin using wire electronic discharge machining (EDM) .
  • EDM wire electronic discharge machining
  • the smallest slots that have been produced with this technology are slots having a width in the range of 30 to 40 microns.
  • the pin is machined with the aim of producing a perfect point as shown in Figure 7(a) .
  • the pin is then deformed in the manner generally shown in Figure 7 (b) when the tip of the pin is first tapped on the substrate. This method is particularly uncontrolled and results in some pins which become deformed to the extent that they no longer work.
  • the pm is machined to have an increased tip diameter as shown in Figure 8 (a) .
  • the pm is then plastically deformed before use by a crimping operation or with a screw arrangement to produce an axially tapered slot having a narrowed exit at the tip.
  • An aim of the present invention is to provide a liquid transfer pin and a method of producing a liquid transfer pin which at least partially resolves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
  • a method of producing a liquid transfer pin having a tip and defining a slot extending from the tip for transferring one or more drops of a fluid to a substrate, the slot comprising an elongate outlet portion extending from the tip and a reservoir portion connected to a distal end of the outlet portion and having a larger cut-out volume than that of the outlet portion, said method comprising the step of producing the pm by a non-deformation process, such as cutting, wherein the width of the slot at the tip of the pm directly produced by the non-deformation process is no more than 20 microns.
  • a method of producing a liquid transfer pin having a tip and defining a slot extending from the tip for transferring one or more drops of a fluid to a substrate, the slot comprising an elongate outlet portion extending from the tip and a reservoir portion connected to a distal end of the outlet portion and having a larger cut-out volume than that of the outlet portion, said method comprising the step of cutting the slot into a tip of a solid pm, wherein the width of the outlet portion at the tip is no more than 20 microns directly after cutting .
  • a method of producing a liquid transfer pm having a tip and defining a slot extending from the tip for transferring one or more drops of a fluid from the tip to a substrate comprising an elongate outlet portion extending from the tip and a reservoir portion connected to a distal end of the outlet portion and having a larger cut-out volume than that of the outlet portion, said method comprising using copper vapour laser cutting to form the slot in a tip of a solid pm .
  • a liquid transfer pin produced by any of the above-described methods.
  • a liquid transfer pin for transferring one or more drops of a fluid to a substrate from a tip thereof, the liquid transfer pin defining a slot extending from the tip, wherein the slot comprises an elongate outlet portion extending from the tip, and a reservoir portion connected to a distal end of the outlet portion, the width of the reservoir portion being greater than the width of the outlet portion at the point where it is connected to the outlet portion.
  • a liquid transfer pin for transferring one or more drops of a fluid to a substrate from a tip thereof, the liquid transfer pin defining a slot extending from the tip, wherein the slot comprises an outlet portion extending from the tip and having a substantially axially uniform width, and a reservoir portion connected to the distal end of the outlet portion and having a substantially axially uniform width, the width of the outlet portion being less than the width of the reservoir portion.
  • a liquid transfer pin for transferring one or more drops of a fluid to a substrate from a tip thereof, the liquid transfer pin defining a slot extending from the tip, wherein the slot comprises an outlet portion extending from the tip and having a substantially axially uniform width of less than 20 microns, and a reservoir portion connected to a distal end of the outlet portion and having a larger capacity than the outlet portion.
  • a multi-pin liquid transfer tool comprising a plurality of liquid transfer pins as described above.
  • a ninth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a multi-pin liquid transfer tool by attaching a plurality of liquid transfer pins to a common base, each liquid transfer pin having a tip and defining a slot extending from the tip, wherein each liquid transfer pin is produced by cutting a slot into a tip of a solid pin, the width of the slot at the tip being less than 20 microns directly after cutting .
  • a method of producing a multi-pin liquid transfer tool by attaching a plurality of liquid transfer pins to a common base, each liquid transfer pin having a tip and defining a slot extending from the tip, wherein each liquid transfer pin is produced by cutting a slot into a tip of a solid pin by copper vapour laser cutting .
  • a multi-pin liquid transfer tool produced by either of the above-described methods.
  • a method of producing an ordered array of spots on a substrate using a liquid transfer pin or a multi-pin liquid transfer tool as described above there is provided a method of transferring one or more drops of liquid to one or more substrates using a liquid transfer pin, wherein the liquid transfer pin has a tip and defines a slot extending from the tip and is produced by cutting a slot into a tip of a solid pin, wherein the width of the slot at the tip is no more than 20 microns directly after cutting.
  • a fourteenth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of transferring one or more drops of liquid to one or more substrates using a liquid transfer pin, wherein the liquid transfer pin has a tip and defines a slot extending from the tip and is produced by cutting a slot into a tip of a solid pin by copper vapour laser cutting.
  • the slot extends right through the pin in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pin.
  • all or a part of the slot may only extend partially through the pin in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pin, i.e. may only be open on one side in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pin.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the working end of a liquid transfer pin according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the performance of liquid transfer pins according to embodiments of the present invention with respect to consistency of volume dispensed
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of the working end of the liquid transfer pin shown in cross- section in Figure 1;
  • Figures 4 (a) and 4 (b) are shematic cross-sectional views taken through lines A-A and B-B in Figure 3, respectively .
  • Figures 5 (a) and 5 (b) are cross-sectional views of the kind shown in Figures 4 (a) and 4 (b) for an alternative embodiment of the liquid transfer pin according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a multi-pin liquid transfer tool according to the present invention.
  • FIGS 7 and 8 schematically show the plastic deformation processes used in the prior art.
  • Figures 9(a) and 9(b) are schematic cross-sections of an alternative embodiment of a liquid transfer pin according to the present invention, taken perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pin.
  • a liquid transfer pin having the geometry generally shown in Figures 1 and 3 is produced according to the following method.
  • a 5mm diameter solid bar of 17-04ph stainless steel is turned, where necessary, and sharpened at one end to produce a tapered solid pm having the desired dimensions.
  • Copper vapour laser cutting is then used to cut a slot 1 in the tip of the solid pm 6 which extends from the tip 8 of the pm 6 in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pm 6.
  • the slot extends right though the pm m a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pm 6 (i.e. the direction shown by the arrows in Figures 4 (a) and 4 (b) ) .
  • the present invention is not limited to pins n which the slot extends right through the p , but includes pins in which the outlet portion and/or the reservoir portion only partially extend through the pm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pm, i.e. are only open on one side a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pm.
  • Figures 9(a) and 9(b) are schematic cross-sectional views of a liquid transfer pm according to the present invention having a slot comprising an outlet portion 20 and a reservoir portion 22 which only extend partially through the pm in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pm.
  • Such an alternative construction can be advantageous in the cases of pins having particularly small tip diameters, since it provides the pin with increased mechanical strength against deformation upon use.
  • the slot comprises an outlet portion 2 having a substantially axially uniform width and a reservoir portion 4 having a substantially axially uniform width which is larger than that of the outlet portion 2.
  • substantially axially uniform width refers to the feature that the width of the respective portion of the slot is substantially uniform along the longitudinal (axial) length of the respective portion of the slot, i.e. from the proximal end to the distal end of the respective portion of the slot.
  • the slot produced by copper vapour laser cutting has a width which is slightly tapered in a direction generally perpendicular to the axis of the liquid transfer pin, i.e. the direction shown by the arrows in Figures 4(a) and 4(b).
  • the term "width" refers to the average width of the respective portion of the slot in the direction shown by the arrows shown in Figures 4 (a) and 4 (b) .
  • the average width of the respective portions of the slot is nevertheless substantially uniform along the axial length of the respective portions of the slot, i.e. from the proximal end to the distal end of the respective portions of the slot.
  • the width of the outlet portion and the reservoir portion of the slot are, as shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), also uniform in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pin, i.e. the direction shown by the arrows in Figures 5(a) and 5(b) .
  • the opposing walls of the outlet portion 2 and reservoir portion 4 are thus substantially parallel to each other.
  • the copper vapour laser cutting is carried out as follows.
  • the solid pin is secured on a mount in the path of the laser beam.
  • the mount is moveable in x and y directions perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the path of the laser beam.
  • the beam of the laser is focussed down to a dot size of about 5 microns to achieve a sufficient power density to vaporise the material of the solid pin.
  • the laser is then pulsed whilst displacing the pin in the x and y directions by moving the mount to successively vaporise and remove a surface layer of dimensions corresponding to those of the desired slot. This process is repeated to remove successive surface layers until the pin has been cut right through to leave a slot of the desired dimensions in the tip of the pin.
  • the laser cutting is only continued until a slot of the desired depth has been cut.
  • One of the advantages of copper vapour laser cutting is that the pulsing can be carried out at a high frequency, whereby a large amount of material can be vaporised and eliminated in a short period of time. This reduces the time required to produce the slot of desired shape.
  • the geometry of the resulting monolithic liquid transfer pin 10 is generally shown in Figures 1, 3, 4(a) and 4(b).
  • the outlet portion 2 preferably has a width, w of no more than 20 microns, preferably in the range of 10 to 20 microns, and further preferably in the range of 10 to 15 microns; and the reservoir portion preferably has a width, W m the range of 50 to 300 microns, such as about 100 microns.
  • the length, 1 of the outlet portion 2 is preferably minimised whilst retaining a sufficient wall thickness "t" to prevent plastic deformation upon use of the liquid transfer pin. It is preferably minimised because it s preferred that the volume of the outlet portion is neglible compared to the volume of the reservoir portion.
  • the length of the reservoir portion is preferably in the range of 300 to 2000 microns, such as about 1000 microns.
  • the working end of the liquid transfer pin shown in Figures 1 and 3 is smoothly tapered towards the tip. Alternatively, it may be tapered in a step-wise manner or not tapered at all.
  • the liquid transfer pm shown in Figures 1 and 3 has a generally circular cross-sectional symmetry.
  • the tip of the liquid transfer p is squared off and preferably has a diameter the range of 50 to 200 microns, such as 100, 150 or 200 microns.
  • the present invention is not limited to liquid transfer pins having a circular cross- sectional symmetry, and the present invention may be applied to pins having non-circular cross-sectional symmetry such as a tapered or non-tapered thin blade- shaped pm having a generally rectangular cross-section.
  • liquid transfer p s produced according to this method have consistent dimensions.
  • This consistency means that the liquid transfer pm of the present invention is particularly useful for producing a multi-pin liquid transfer tool as schematically shown in Figure 6 to be used for simultaneously creating an array of a large number of small droplets of uniform size.
  • a plurality of liquid transfer pins 10 having working ends as shown in Figures 1 and 3 are orderly arranged on a common base 12, such that the tips of the plurality of liquid transfer pins lie in a single horizontal plane.
  • the liquid transfer pin of the present invention is used in the conventional manner.
  • the liquid transfer pin is dipped into a source of the sample fluid whereby the outlet portion and reservoir portions become at least partially filled with the sample fluid.
  • the tip of the liquid transfer pin is then tapped against the substrate on which the array is to be formed by relative movement of the tip of the pin towards the substrate to transfer a droplet of the sample fluid from the tip of the liquid transfer pin to the substrate.
  • the tip of the liquid transfer pin is then repeatedly tapped at different portions of the surface of the substrate to form an ordered array of spots on the surface of the substrate.
  • the liquid transfer pin generally shown in Figures 1 and 3 exhibits excellent performance with respect to consistency of droplet volume with increasing spot number, as shown in the graph in Figure 2.
  • the intensity given on the y-axis is directly proportional to the volume of the droplet dispensed on the substrate.
  • the volume dispensed is substantially consistent until the very last few spots with a very sharp reduction in dispensed volume for those last few spots. This is in contrast to conventional liquid transfer pins in which the tail-off is much shallower whereby the dispensed volume is consistent for a smaller proportion of the total number of spots .

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une broche (10) de transfert de liquides dotée d'une pointe (8) et définissant une fente (1) qui s'étend à partir de la pointe (8) et est destinée au transfert d'une ou de plusieurs gouttelettes d'un fluide sur un substrat. La fente comporte un orifice de sortie (12) allongé s'étendant à partir de la pointe (8) et un réservoir (4) relié à une extrémité distale de l'orifice de sortie et comprenant un volume de découpage supérieur à celui de l'orifice de sortie. Le procédé consiste à découper la fente en pointe de broche solide, la largeur de l'orifice de sortie à la pointe ne dépassant pas 20 micromètres directement après le découpage.
PCT/GB2000/002678 1999-07-13 2000-07-12 Broche de transfert de liquides WO2001003837A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00948102A EP1194239A1 (fr) 1999-07-13 2000-07-12 Broche de transfert de liquides

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9916406.3 1999-07-13
GBGB9916406.3A GB9916406D0 (en) 1999-07-13 1999-07-13 Liquid transfer pin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001003837A1 true WO2001003837A1 (fr) 2001-01-18

Family

ID=10857161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2000/002678 WO2001003837A1 (fr) 1999-07-13 2000-07-12 Broche de transfert de liquides

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1194239A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9916406D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001003837A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002051549A2 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-04 Amersham Biosciences (Sv) Corp. Appareil de dépôt de liquide à grande vitesse pour la fabrication de microréseaux
FR2839662A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-21 Centre Nat Rech Scient Dispositif de depot localise d'au moins une solution biologique
EP1366821A2 (fr) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-03 Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd. Tête de marquage
WO2005115619A1 (fr) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 Tops-Pin Aps Aiguille de microdepot pour production de biopuces
EP1748846A2 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2007-02-07 Bioforce Nanosciences, Inc. Proc d et appareil pour le d pôt d'un mat riau sur une surface

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616387A (en) * 1969-11-13 1971-10-26 Bio Rad Laboratories Method and apparatus for the transfer of fluid samples
US5770151A (en) * 1996-06-05 1998-06-23 Molecular Dynamics, Inc. High-speed liquid deposition device for biological molecule array formation
US5807522A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-09-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Methods for fabricating microarrays of biological samples
WO1999031468A1 (fr) * 1997-12-18 1999-06-24 Pharmacopeia, Inc. Distributeur de petits volumes de liquide
WO2000001798A2 (fr) * 1998-07-07 2000-01-13 Cartesian Technologies, Inc. Modele de pointe et matrice a acces selectif pour transfert micro-fluidique
WO2000025923A1 (fr) * 1998-11-04 2000-05-11 Biorobotics Ltd. Systeme de transfert de liquide
US6101946A (en) * 1997-11-21 2000-08-15 Telechem International Inc. Microarray printing device including printing pins with flat tips and exterior channel and method of manufacture

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616387A (en) * 1969-11-13 1971-10-26 Bio Rad Laboratories Method and apparatus for the transfer of fluid samples
US5807522A (en) * 1994-06-17 1998-09-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Methods for fabricating microarrays of biological samples
US5770151A (en) * 1996-06-05 1998-06-23 Molecular Dynamics, Inc. High-speed liquid deposition device for biological molecule array formation
US6101946A (en) * 1997-11-21 2000-08-15 Telechem International Inc. Microarray printing device including printing pins with flat tips and exterior channel and method of manufacture
WO1999031468A1 (fr) * 1997-12-18 1999-06-24 Pharmacopeia, Inc. Distributeur de petits volumes de liquide
WO2000001798A2 (fr) * 1998-07-07 2000-01-13 Cartesian Technologies, Inc. Modele de pointe et matrice a acces selectif pour transfert micro-fluidique
WO2000025923A1 (fr) * 1998-11-04 2000-05-11 Biorobotics Ltd. Systeme de transfert de liquide

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002051549A2 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-04 Amersham Biosciences (Sv) Corp. Appareil de dépôt de liquide à grande vitesse pour la fabrication de microréseaux
WO2002051549A3 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2003-07-24 Amersham Biosciences Sv Corp Appareil de dépôt de liquide à grande vitesse pour la fabrication de microréseaux
FR2839662A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-21 Centre Nat Rech Scient Dispositif de depot localise d'au moins une solution biologique
WO2003097238A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-27 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Dispositif de depot localise et controle activement d'au moins une solution biologique.
US8079832B2 (en) 2002-05-16 2011-12-20 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Device for the actively-controlled and localised deposition of at least one biological solution
US8617406B2 (en) 2002-05-16 2013-12-31 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Device for the actively-controlled and localized deposition of at least one biological solution
EP1366821A2 (fr) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-03 Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd. Tête de marquage
EP1366821A3 (fr) * 2002-05-30 2005-05-25 Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd. Tête de marquage
EP1748846A2 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2007-02-07 Bioforce Nanosciences, Inc. Proc d et appareil pour le d pôt d'un mat riau sur une surface
EP1748846A4 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2009-08-05 Bioforce Nanosciences Inc Proc d et appareil pour le d pôt d'un mat riau sur une surface
US7690325B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-04-06 Bioforce Nanosciences, Inc. Method and apparatus for depositing material onto a surface
WO2005115619A1 (fr) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 Tops-Pin Aps Aiguille de microdepot pour production de biopuces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9916406D0 (en) 1999-09-15
EP1194239A1 (fr) 2002-04-10

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