WO2001000991A1

WO2001000991A1 - An oil pumping unit

Info

Publication number: WO2001000991A1
Application number: PCT/CN2000/000180
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shaokui Yan
Original assignee: Shaokui Yan
Priority date: 1999-06-25
Filing date: 2000-06-26
Publication date: 2001-01-04
Also published as: AU5519200A; CN2377378Y

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oil pumping unit comprising a transmission device (12) and a balance arm (1) with one end connected with a beam (6) by two shafts (18; 19) and the other end connected with a weight (17). Both the balance arm (1) and the weight (17) are located below the beam (6). The transmission device (12) is provided with an all-round gear. The oil pumping unit is improved with good balance.

Description

Oil pumping unit

The invention relates to a fast loading and unloading adjustable down-balanced arm type oil pumping unit for an oil mine.

Background

The core part of a conventional beam-pumping unit is a four-bar mechanism with a simple structure: a four-link crank-lever mechanism consisting of a crank, a connecting rod, a beam, and a bracket (with a base). Because of the single structure of the motion conversion device, the motion conversion loss of this type of rod pumping unit is small, and the work is reliable, easy to maintain, and durable. It can adapt to the harsh environment and working conditions of various oil fields. The disadvantages are the excessive energy consumption, that is, the large acceleration of the movement of the donkey's head, and the poor balance effect, low efficiency, large product accumulation and heavy machine rest during long strokes. On the basis of the conventional beam-pumping unit, many variants have been produced. 'There are front-type, out-of-phase, gas-balanced, double-donkey, and six-link beam-type pumping units.' Although the form of the beam pumping unit's balance is different, it is a first-order balance, that is, the cycle function of the crank angle is a period function of 2 7Γ. Not good, so the overall efficiency is low. The deceleration of the beam pumping unit is used to realize the power transmission and deceleration from the power engine to the crank. The commonly used split two-stage double-arc gear reducer is composed of the casing, gear shaft, bearings, and lubrication and sealing systems composition. Its design, manufacturing, and assembly require high precision, which must be processed by special machine tools and tools, so the manufacturing cost is high; and most of them use soft toothed gears, whose tooth surface hardness generally does not exceed HB310, which has poor impact resistance, broken teeth, and points. Corrosion and abrasion are serious. The beam pumping unit has a large amount of rotation, and the starting torque of the motor used is large under load. The working feature of the beam pumping unit is that the torque of the reducer output shaft changes periodically. In the kunci, it is generally to fluctuate twice between zero (or negative value) and the maximum value, so the motor must have sufficient overcutting ability. A motor with a conventional slip rate has a larger starting current and a lower starting torque.

1

Recognize Low, the impact on the power grid and the mechanical system is large at the time of starting. In order to consider the starting factors, it is sometimes necessary to choose a larger motor, which is not necessary for stable operation, and the mechanical characteristics of conventional slip motors are relatively hard.

Object of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fast loading and unloading adjustable lower-balanced-arm pumping unit with smooth operation, small additional dynamic load, long stroke, long energy consumption, low overall efficiency, and convenient balance adjustment.

#Operative plan of the present invention

The purpose of the present invention is to achieve the following: a balance arm 1, a bracket 2, a working table 3, a beam supporting assembly 4, a connecting rod assembly 5, a beam assembly 6, a beam assembly 7, a donkey head 8, and a suspension rope Device 9, crank pin 10, crank device 11, reducer 12, brake mechanism 13, chassis 14, motor device 15, lost load bearing device 16, balance weight 17, movable shaft 18, shaft seat 19, fixed shaft 20 , Adjusting seat 21, adjusting bolt 22, bracket 2 is fixed on the chassis 14, the chassis 14 is equipped with a reducer 12, a braking mechanism 13, a motor device 15, an offload bearing device 16 'on the upper part of the bracket 2 is a worktable 3 The beam supporting assembly 4, the beam supporting assembly 6 has a donkey head 8 at the end, and a dongle head 8 on the donkey head 8 The connecting rod assembly 5 is connected to the beam 7 at the other end and the crank pin 10 at the other end. The crank device 11 is connected, and the beam 6 has a flat cross arm 1 at one end, and the balance arm 1 has a balance weight 17 at the lower end. There is a movable shaft 18, a shaft seat 19 and an adjustment seat 21, an adjustment bolt 22, and a fixed shaft in the shaft seat 19 20. The connection between the balance weight 17 and the balance arm 1 may be a fixed connection, a fixed pulley type soft connection, or an articulated connection.

The biaxial connection between the balance arm 1 and the beam 6 can be either movable or fixed. Effect of the invention

The main advantage of the present invention is that: the lower mass balance of the beam is used. Square, hinged to the beam by the balance arm, the beauty is that one lower mass can be used as two masses: one at the tail end of the beam to generate a balancing torque; the other on the mid-vertical line of the beam 'Generate secondary balance torque and add secondary balance on the basis of primary balance' That is, the balance torque is a periodic function of the period of the crank angle π, and the crank link mechanism and the ^ head are located in front of the bracket ' A balance arm not found in existing beam pumping units. It can operate in the oil field for a long time, and also has stable operation. Small additional dynamic load, long stroke, low energy consumption, comprehensive efficiency, convenient balance adjustment, etc., are firm and reliable, and the balance mass moves down to move the center of gravity of the pumping unit down. The situation is greatly improved and the overall machine operation is more balanced and reliable; the structure is reasonable and the front structure is used. The short swing beam has a large swing angle of 78 °, which is 30% larger than the traditional machine and the beam length and stress are reduced by 30%. Switching to a small crank eliminates the large rotating crank, reduces the load on the connecting rod, crank pin, gearbox shaft and bearing, cancels the high seat, and reduces the position of the reducer; it is applicable to a wide range of existing design trials successfully 16, 14, 12, 10, 8 , 5 and other models, Kun Cheng 6m-3m, indicating that the two-stage balanced beam pumping unit is suitable for any well conditions, can be serialized; lifting acceleration is small. Stroke (m) X strokes (min-1) = 48 when the lifting acceleration of the suspension point does not exceed 2MS * " ² Compared with the conventional beam pumping unit, it is 30% lower. The two-stage balanced beam pumping unit can Improve the life of downhole equipment such as sucker rods; the parts can be excellent, because the front mass and the lower mass balance of the beam are used, and the short beam has a large swing angle, a small crank, and a low position of the reducer. In order to improve and the acceleration is small, the smooth and harmonious operation reflects the comprehensive index of the performance of the pumping unit. 1. The noise is small, and it has been tested: The type 14 machine is only 70dB (A) at full load. The energy consumption is saved. The conversion balance torque of the cow produced on the crank has both a first-level balance torque and a second-level balance torque. The balance and energy saving effect are greatly improved. Theoretical analysis shows (巳 confirmed by dynamic detection data) that the two-level balance beam type Pumping units have good performance indicators. / CN00 / 00180 Attached Brief Description

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of a balance arm and a beam of the present invention.

^ Shi Tai ^ Ming's most popular plan

The structure of the present invention is composed of a balance arm i, a bracket ² , a work table ³ , a travel support assembly 4, a connecting rod assembly 5, a travel beam assembly 6, a beam assembly 7, a donkey head 8, a rope hanger 9, and a crank pin 10. , Crank device 11, reducer 12, brake mechanism 13, chassis 14, motor device 15, off-load bearing device 16, balance weight 17, movable shaft 18, shaft seat 19, fixed shaft 20, adjustment seat 21, adjustment The yoke 22 is composed of the 'bracket 2' which is fixed on the chassis 14 and is provided with a reducer 12, a brake mechanism 13, a motor device 15, and an offload bearing device 16, respectively. The upper part of the bracket 2 has a workbench 3, and a beam supporting assembly Into 4, the beam assembly 6 has a donkey head 8 at the end, and a dongle head 8 on the donkey head ^ The connecting rod assembly 5 is connected to the beam 7 at the end, and the other end is connected to the crank device 11 through a crank pin 10, swimming Beam 6—A flat cross arm 1 at the end, a balance weight 17 at the lower end of the balance arm 1, the connection between the balance arm 1 and the beam 6 is a biaxial form, and there is a movable shaft 18 and a shaft between the balance arm 1 and the beam 6 The seat 19, the adjusting seat 21, the adjusting bolt 22, and the shaft seat 19 have a fixed shaft 20.

The connection between the balance weight 17 and the balance arm 1 may be a fixed connection, a fixed pulley type soft connection, or an articulated connection.

The biaxial connection of the balance arm 1 and the beam 6 is: it can be movable or fixed. One of the shafts is hinged with the beam, which is divided into two forms. One is to set a shaft seat on the top surface of the beam, and the shaft is suspended in the shaft seat to connect with the beam. It is hinged to the beam through the support sleeve, and the other shaft is attached to the beam. It is connected with the balance arm in two ways: movable and fixed. It plays a supporting role on one hand and an adjustment function on the other.

The CDJT series pumping unit variable pole multi-speed energy-saving drag device is adopted, which is composed of YDCH variable pole multi-speed ultra-high slip rate three-phase asynchronous motor and JDK electric control box. The gear of the reducer 12 is a full arc gear.釆 Using a full-arc gear reducer, its technical characteristics are: Replace all traditional tooth shapes with full-arc tooth shapes' Make full use of the principle of power splitting and low tooth difference internal meshing. It mainly consists of a driving wheel, a driven wheel, an input shaft, an output shaft, an eccentric shaft, a full arc gear, a stud support wheel, a stud output wheel, and rolling bearings.

The four-link mechanism is composed of a crank, a connecting rod, a beam and a bracket. The crank is fixed at the end of the output shaft of the speed reducer, and one end of the connecting rod is articulated with the crank movably. The other end is articulated with the cross beam and the beam. 'The crank rotates around the output shaft, which drives the connecting rod, beam, and beam to make a swing motion. The beam swings around the support mandrel in the vertical plane, and converts the rotation of the speed reduction device into up and down reciprocating motion of the polished rod.

Beam head--Donkey head assembly. The head of the donkey head is installed at the front end of the beam head to ensure that the light rod is always aligned with the center of the wellhead when pumping.

The balance arm assembly bears the balance weight one by one, and connects the down-balanced mass with the beam, and changes the balance torque by increasing or decreasing the balance mass to obtain a better balance effect.

The lost load bearing device adopts wooden blocks one by one to absorb and buffer the inertia force of the pumping unit and the gravity of the rear weight box caused by the pumping unit's load loss.

Brake device and brake safety device: The function of the brake device is to stop the pumping unit to stop or stay at any position immediately after the power of the pumping unit is cut off. The brake safety device is set for absolute safety during stoppage and installation. In order to ensure safety, in addition to tightening the brake after stopping, the deadlock lever should be tightened in the external holding type, and the lock block should be placed in the internal expansion type. Into the gap in the outer edge of the brake hub.

The rope suspension device connects the donkey head with the polished rod one by one to ensure that the polished rod moves up and down and reciprocates linearly along the center of the wellhead.

The balance adjustment only needs to increase or decrease the balance weight in the balance box, while the mine site can be filled with stones and

Claims

^ Profit requirements

1. Quick loading and unloading adjustable under-balanced balanced-arm pumping unit 'consists of balance arm (1), bracket (2), table (3), beam supporting assembly (4), connecting rod assembly (5), Travelling beam assembly ^ (6), beam assembly (7), donkey head (8), rope suspension (9), crank pin (10), crank device (11), reducer (12), brake mechanism ( 13), chassis (14), motor (15), lost load bearing device (16), balance weight

(17), the movable shaft (18), the shaft seat (19), the fixed shaft (20), the adjustment seat (21), and the adjustment bolt (22) constitute a bracket (2) fixed on the chassis (14), and the chassis (14) There are a reducer (12), a brake mechanism (13), a motor device (15), a lost load bearing device (16), a bracket (2), a workbench (3), and a beam supporting assembly ( 4 Travelling beam assembly (6) with donkey head at end (8 Donkey head (8) with rope suspender (9), connecting rod assembly (5) — one end is connected to the travelling beam (7), and the other end is connected by a crank The pin (10) is connected to the crank device (11), and is characterized by: the beam assembly (6)-a balance arm (1) at the end; a balance weight (17) at the lower end of the balance arm (1); the balance arm (1) ) It is connected to the beam assembly (6) as a dual-axis balance arm (1) and the beam (6). There is a movable shaft (18), a shaft seat (19), a articulated seat (21), and an adjusting bolt ( 22), there is a fixed shaft (20) in the shaft seat (19).

2. The quick loading and unloading adjustable down-balanced balanced-arm pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the balance weight (17) and the balance arm (1) can be a fixed connection or a fixed pulley The soft connection can also be hinged.

The quick-loading and adjustable adjustable lower-balanced balanced-arm pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biaxial connection form of the balance arm (1) and the beam assembly (6) can be movable or can be It is fixed.

4. The quick-loading and adjustable adjustable off-balanced-arm type pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear of the speed reducer (12) is a full arc gear. 5. The quick loading and unloading adjustable down-balanced-arm type oil pumping unit according to claim 1, which is characterized by: The CDJT series pumping unit variable-speed multi-speed energy-saving dragging device is changed from YDCH to multi-speed ultra-high Slip rate three-phase asynchronous motor and JDK electric control box.