WO2000075079A1

WO2000075079A1 - Method for dispersing insoluble mineral sediments and additives for carrying out this method

Info

Publication number: WO2000075079A1
Application number: PCT/EP2000/005062
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jürgen Herbst
Original assignee: Herbst Juergen
Priority date: 1999-06-05
Filing date: 2000-06-02
Publication date: 2000-12-14
Also published as: AU5400500A; EP1102722A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for dispersing insoluble mineral sediments, i.e. clays, in a liquid containing mainly water, and to additives for carrying out the method. The mineral sediment in a pulverised form is homogeneously mixed with a mixture of a crystalline acidifying agent and a substance that releases gas when reacted with the dissolved acidifying agent, and added to the water. The subsequent development of gas bubbles as the acidifying agent reacts with the gas-releasing substance causes the pulverulent mineral sediment to disperse.

Description

Process for dispersing insoluble mineral sediments and additives for carrying out the process

The invention relates to a method for dispersing insoluble mineral sediments, namely clays, in a liquid predominantly containing water - hereinafter water - and additives for carrying out the method.

Dispersed mineral sediments, namely clays, serve e.g. to be used as a water additive for the purification and clarification of water, industrial water and waste water, but also for the clarification of drinking liquids, such as fruit juices, and for the purification of natural water, such as ponds and swamp waters. It is also known to disperse mineral sediments in water for internal and external therapeutic and balneological use.

Stagnant or flowing waters are often contaminated with the water-insoluble sweat metal compounds adsorbed from waste water or air, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrates and other pollutants. niert, which in turn are cleaned with other chemicals such as tensiαen. Flocculation aids, such as chlorides and / or sulfates of iron and aluminum, are also used for the clarification of water. pH ranges form voluminous precipitates. The use of these chemi _¬ lien is not acceptable in terms of the ecological balance of the waters.

It is known to use dispersed mineral sediments, namely clays, for the clarification of water. Dispersion can be carried out only with considerable effort, in particular in the case of finely ground clays, that is to say an average grain size of less than 10 μ. Swellable clay minerals from the group of aluminum silicates (bentonite, montmorillonite etc.) are used for a variety of tasks. In addition to naturally occurring calcium and sodium bentonites, there are a large number of modified betonites for special tasks.

In order to achieve dispersion in aqueous media, however, a complex and expensive technique, such as a bentonite mixing plant, must be used to counteract agglomeration of the individual particles. This technique is not worthwhile for the production of small and medium quantities.

The object of the invention is to significantly facilitate the dispersing of mineral sediments, namely clays, and to provide additives which are suitable for various purposes in which dispersed mineral sediments of the type mentioned at the outset are to be used. A new additive suitable for water bodies, especially for ponds and biotopes, should be designed, which is good in the water distributed, adsorbed pollutants and contains only natural and environmentally friendly components. To solve the problem of the invention, a method is proposed which is characterized in that the internal sediment in powdered form is homogeneously mixed with a mixture of a crystalline acidifying agent and a substance which has been given off under reaction with the dissolved acidifying agent is added to the water, with the subsequent development of gas bubbles with the reaction of the acidifying agent with the gas-releasing substance causing the powdery mineral sediment to disperse.

With the above-mentioned process, it is possible to dispense with complicated mills and dispersants and still produce a dispersion in a short time that meets all requirements. According to the invention, the dispersion is caused by gas formation between the individual clay particles, thus preventing agglomeration. This technology enables the use of aluminum silicate. even where no suitable dispersion technology is available. In addition, it creates a multitude of new application options and, associated with this, new products.

A particular advantage is that, depending on the setting of the mixture of acidifying agent and gas-releasing substance, the pH of the aqueous phase can also be set.

The additives suitable for carrying out the process are initially characterized in that the insoluble mineral sediment is a clay. The average grain size of such a clay is usually less than 2 .mu.m, a range from 1 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m should be maintained. But it should it cannot be ruled out that coarse-grained components with a grain size of up to 2 mm are also present in small quantities (below 5% by weight). The clay is mixed with a mixture of a crystalline, organic acidifying agent and a substance which emits gas when reacting with the dissolved acidifying agent to form a substance which, when introduced into water, rises and releases fine bubbles of gas, similarly to known effervescent tablets. The clay itself is practically insoluble in water; with fine grain size, however, it can be dispersed well.

The mineral sediment is a natural, water-containing silicate, preferably a silicate from the group of calcium silicates, such as L rmt, from the group of aluminum silicates, such as bentonite, zeolite or Montmoriilonit, or from the group of magnesium silicates, such as talc or sepiolite, or a mixture thereof.

In particular, reference is made to the bentonite, which is one of the longestones. Bentonite has long been used known as an aid in cosmetic powders, as a clarifier for liquids and as a carrier. Bentonite has numerous valuable properties such as swellability and ion exchange capacity.

It has been shown that the use of finely ground clay, in which there is a certain coarse grain fraction up to 2 mm grain size, is favorable for gas formation, in particular when the additive as a whole consists of as much clay and fewer gas-generating substances. In the case of very fine grinding, the proportion of gas-forming substances must be greater than in the case of coarser grinding in order to achieve an equally good dissolution of the additive in the water. The gas-releasing substance is preferably a powdery carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, known as sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 ₃ ). Sodium bicarbonate is physiologically harmless and is used, among other things, as a component of baking powders. The reaction equations are known; CO2 is generated.

An acid from the group of fruit acids, such as citric or tartaric acid, or a mixture of several fruit acids, is preferably chosen as the water-soluble organic acid. Ascorbic acid is also suitable. The fruit acids have aroma-forming and antimicrobial properties and do not have to be declared as additives. Depending on the stoichiometric setting for the gas-releasing substance, the pH value can be set.

The cleaning effect of the agent according to the invention is based on a particularly high exchange capacity of the fine particles of the mineral parts, which makes it possible to absorb the suspended matter suspended in the water. Dispersion of bentonite in an aqueous phase has also proven useful for cleaning water from which color particles have to be removed.

The cleaning effect can be enhanced with the addition of biodegradable surfactants, such as sugar surfactants. The sugar surfactants are characterized by good ecological compatibility.

Since the components of the additive are natural products, the additive behaves safely in water. By the additive absorbed. Pollutants can be mechanically removed from the water in a known manner.

Use in balneological and cosmetic applications has also proven successful, the additives and the process mentioned at the outset also being able to be used. Ascorbic acid is also suitable.

It is also known to add so-called “bath salts” to the bathing water, for example the carbonic acid baths with spruce needle oil used in balneotherapy, which contain sodium hydrogen carbonate as the carbonic acid carrier and aluminum sulfate as the carbonic acid developer. Also known are effervescent tablets which, besides sodium hydrogen carbonate and others. Citric acid, vegetable extracts, fragrances, surfactants,

Contain glycine and silica. Other conventional care oils, including silicon oils, can also be mixed in.

Dry extracts from plants and medicinal herbs and natural abrasives such as quartz sand or amber dust can be added to the additive.

Lava soil imported from North Africa is also used as sediment, composed of silicon and magnesium salts, as well as iron, aluminum and calcium oxides. The lava earth acts on the human skin without having to reduce the surface activity of the water, ie the surfactants are not required. The lava earth is brought onto the market in powder or paste form. After consumption, the lava earth leaves large residues in the bathtub, which must be rinsed out thoroughly. Adequate There is no dispersion. The method mentioned at the beginning can also be used for such a sediment.

Essential oils, such as chamomile oil, and / or pharmaceutical substances, such as valerian extract, and dyes can also be added to the additive. It should be pointed out that only natural and u-gentle components should be found in a balneological and therapeutic product.

The therapeutic and cleaning effect of the powder or tablet according to the invention is based on a particularly high exchange capacity of the fine particles of the mineral parts, which makes it possible to absorb, remove and rinse off the dirt and fat particles from the body surface. Since the components of the additive are natural products, the additive behaves neutrally in the waste water. Another advantage is that the natural protective layer of the body or scalp is not attacked in contrast to the use of surfactants.

The internally applied additive presumably has an adsorptive effect on Dante toxins, lipids and alkaioids, on the outside as a bath additive it relieves pain and reduces inflammation,

The additive is preferably compressed into tablets which are relatively small and therefore easier to dose, in particular for ingestion as a medicament in the form of an effervescent tablet.

Care or cooking oils can be added to the powdery additive. Almond, jojoba or avocado oils can be used as care oils. From the group of edible oils for example Oliver: -, nut kernel, wheat germ or sunflower oils come into consideration. The task of the oils is to hold onto the gas bubbles created during the ^' jmrü rens. In addition, it is advantageous to use the additive according to the invention for the production of free foams “in situ” *.

If required, tenside-free hair or hand washing agents, shaving or shower bath foam or the like can be manufactured at home without having to buy finished, often expensive products. This is particularly advantageous if the user is interested in an odorless, cosmetic foam, or if the user alone wants to select a specific fragrance and its intensity. Another positive aspect of the foam according to the invention is the possibility of using such a homemade agent when susceptible to certain allergies.

The foaming power depends, among other things. on the volume of the liquid, the mechanical conditions and the temperature.

In order to achieve a faster distribution on the water, easily degradable oils can optionally be mixed into the additive in low concentrations.

The additive is preferably compressed into effervescent tubs, which are relatively small and therefore easier and easier to dose.

Examples of the recipes: (All silicates have dried to a residual moisture of approx. 4-10%.) Example 1 .

The following composition is used for a powdery additive that can be used in balneology. A mixture of: 6B% by weight sodium bentonite (particle size 0 to 1.5 mm),

20% by weight sodium bicarbonate,

10% by weight of citric acid,

2% by weight titanium dioxide. was converted into effervescent tubs of the size:

Diameter 18 mm,

Thickness 5 mm compressed. When IC tablets are introduced into bath water at 28 ° C, a well-dispersed Natnum-Bentonite suspension results.

Example 2.

An additive mixture of: 60% by weight activated calcium bentonite, 30% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate,

10% by weight of a mixture of citric and tartaric acid.

Example 3.

50% by weight Montmorillor.it, 20% by weight zeolite

20% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate, 10% by weight citric acid

was also compressed into effervescent tablets in a tablet machine.

The powder described in Example 1 is packaged in tightly sealable pouch packs of 500 grams each. The tablets (Examples 2 and 3) are packed in 0.25 liter jars with lids. The addition of titanium dioxide brightens the gray, crystalline mixture. The tablets have a smooth, non-porous surface.

Example 4.

- 20% by weight * sodium bentonite

- 45% by weight sepiolite, Puiv. .

- 20% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate, - 15% by weight citric acid.

Be βpiβl 5.

- 60 wt. - * sodium bentonite (grain size 0 to 0.3 mm),

- 30 wt. -% sodium bicarbonate,

- 10 wt. -% oxalic acid.

The mixture described in Examples 4 and 5 is suitable both for balneotherapy and for the clarification of water.

Example 6.

- 60% by weight calcium bentomite (grain size 0 to 1.3 mir.), - 30% by weight sodium hydrocarbonate,

- 10% by weight malic acid.

Example 7.

- 65% by weight montmorillonite (grain size 0 to 1.5 mm),

20% by weight of sodium hydrogen carbonate, 12% by weight of citric acid,

- 3 wt .-% sorbitan ester as a nonionic sugar surfactant.

Example 8.

85% by weight of activated calcium bentonite, 15% by weight of oxalic acid. Example 9.

- 72 wt. -% montmorillonite,

- 14 wt. -% sodium bicarbonate,

7 wt. - ?. Citric acid, - 5% by weight gelatin as a flocculant.

Be game 10.

66% by weight activated calcium bentonite,

14% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate,

6% by weight sodium carbonate, 7% by weight oxalic acid,

7% by weight sodium chloride.

Example 11.

36% by weight of modified sodium bentonite, 36% by weight of zeolite,

13% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate,

- 7% by weight oxalic acid, 3% by weight gelatin

was converted into effervescent tablets of de: Size:

Diameter 40 mm, thickness 15 mm compressed.

Example 12.

The following additive mixture is used to clarify waters with color particles:

- 52% by weight of calcium or sodium bentonite,

- 26 wt. -% sodium bicarbonate, - 14% by weight * citric acid

6% by weight sodium carboxymethylcellulose

- 2 wt .-% boric acid, Puiv.

Example 13.

- 65% by weight montmorillonite (grain size 0 to 2.0 mm),

20% by weight sodium bicarbonate,

- 15% by weight of citric acid.

The mixture is also suitable for the clarification of water.

Example 14 (rinsing liquid for hands) A mixture of:

45% by weight sodium bentonite,

- 20% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate, - 15% by weight tartaric acid,

- 15% by weight fructose,

5% by weight of orange aroma is dispersed in water.

The mixtures specified in Examples 15 to 19 are suitable for the preparation of baths and washing liquids (human use).

Example IS.

- 60% by weight calcium bentonite,

- 20% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate, - 10% by weight ~ ascorbic acid,

- 10% by weight spruce needle egg powder (dried).

Example 16.

40 parts by weight of sodium bentonite,

- 35% by weight sodium bicarbonate, - 15% by weight citric acid, - 10% by weight powder from chestnut leaves (dried)

Example 17.

- 70% by weight of calcium bentαnite,

15% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate, 14% by weight citric acid,

1% by weight of essential orange oil (Citrue aurantium dulcis)

Example 18.

- 65% by weight montmorillonite,

- 20 wt. ⁰ . Sodium hydrogen carbonate, - 14% by weight citric acid,

- 1% by weight tea oil (Metaleuca Alternifclia).

Example 19.

79% by weight of alkaline activated calcium bentonite, 20% by weight of 5 citric acid,

1% by weight of Rσs arin oil (Rosmarinus officinalis).

For the preparation of a dispersion for clarifying fecal polluted water

Example 20

A dispersion was prepared to clarify fecal polluted water:

- 50% by weight montmorillonite,

- 30% by weight of mineral salts, - 12% by weight of sodium hydrogen carbonate, 6% by weight of citric acid, and

- 2% by weight glycerin.

Example 21. The following composition is used for a powdery hand wash:

- 60% by weight of activated Caicum bentonite, - 18% by weight of sodium hydrogen carbonate,

- 9% by weight tartaric acid,

5% by weight sugar surfactant,

- 4% by weight care oils, 3% by weight * glycerin, - 1% by weight amber dust as a natural abrasive.

Example 22.

The following composition is made for a washing machine powder for washing dirty laundry:

33% by weight activated calcium bentonite,

15% by weight of zeolite,

- 12% by weight sodium carbonate,

15% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate,

- 15% by weight oxalic acid, - 5% by weight boric acid, powdered,

- 3% by weight glycerin,

- 2% by weight fragrance oils.

The following compositions were prepared for an internal effervescent tablet:

Example 23

- 50% by weight Bentoni turn Ph. Eur. III, - 25 wt. -% sodium bicarbonate, - 12% by weight tartaric acid,

- 10% by weight * sugar substances or sugar substitutes,

6% by weight sodium carboxymethyl cellulose

and

Example 24.

45% by weight sodium bentonite,

- 20% by weight sodium hydrogen carbonate, - 15% by weight tartaric acid,

- 15% by weight fructose,

- 5% by weight orange flavor.

Example 25

It became a powdery mixture

72% by weight sodium bentonite,

16% by weight sodium bicarbonate,

- 12% by weight of citric acid, poured into a glass container (not shown) with a graduated line. 1% by weight of neem extract was added to the mixture. The powder layer was covered with a liquid mixture of 20% by weight of cold-pressed olive oil, 1% by weight of neem leaf extract and 0.5% by weight of rosemary oil.

After all the components have been thoroughly mixed, enough water is added until the resulting foam has the desired consistency and the volume has increased to several times the height of the scale. The homemade foam is primarily used as hair care. The cold-pressed olive oil is characterized by a high vitamin E content. The addition of essential rosemary oil gives the mixture a pleasant fragrance.

Claims

Claims:

1. A method for dispersing insoluble mineral sediments, namely clays, in a predominantly water-containing liquid (hereinafter water), characterized in that the mineral sediment in powdered form with a mixture of a crystalline acid and one in reaction with the dissolved acid the gas-releasing substance is mixed homogeneously, then added to the water, the subsequent development of gas bubbles with the reaction of the acidifying agent with the gas-releasing substance resulting in dispersion of the powdery mineral sediment.

2. Additive for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising an insoluble mineral sediment, namely a clay which is mixed with a mixture of a crystalline acidifier and a gas in the form of bubbles in reaction with the dissolved oxygen n aqueous phase.

3. Additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dispersion of the mineral sediment with adjustment of the pH of the aqueous phase is suitable as a balneological therapist.

4. Additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dispersion of the mineral sediment and division of the pH of the aqueous phase is suitable for the cleaning and clarification of water, industrial water and waste water.

5. Additive according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that the mineral sediment is a natural, water-containing silicate.

6. Additive according to claim 5, characterized in that the silicate is a silicate from the group of calcium silicates, such as larnite, from the group of aluminum silicates, such as montmorillonite, bentonite or attapulgite, or from the group of magnesium silicates, such as talc or sepioiith, is selected.

7. Additive according to claim 2, characterized in that the gas-releasing substance under reaction with the dissolved acid is a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate.

8. Additive according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas-releasing substance is sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 ₃ ).

9. Additive according to claim 2 to 8, characterized in that phosphate or organic acid is chosen as the water-soluble, crystalline acid.

10. Additive according to claim 9, characterized in that an acid is selected from the group of fruit acids, such as citric or tartaric acid, or a mixture of several fruit acids.

11. Additive according to claim 10, characterized in that the acid is ascorbic acid.

12. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a stoichiometric excess of acidifying agent.

13. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of acidulant and gas-releasing substance is stoichiometric ..

14. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additive is pressed into tablets.

15. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that biodegradable disinfectants are added.

16. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that mineral salts and / or boric acid is added to this.

17. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this sugar substances, sugar substitutes, glycerin, glycine, modified starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, pectin, carrageenan, gum arabic and / or agar agar are added.

18. Additive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this mineral Cle, organic oils, in particular in the form of mono- or di- or triglycerides, or silicone oils are added.