WO2000063495A2

WO2000063495A2 - Method for building roads and parking zones with a permeable base and resulting product

Info

Publication number: WO2000063495A2
Application number: PCT/MX2000/000019
Authority: WO
Inventors: Néstor de Buen Unna; Luis Germán Guevara Nieto; Jaime Grau Genesias
Original assignee: Buen Unna Nestor De; Guevara Nieto Luis German; Jaime Grau Genesias
Priority date: 1999-04-07
Filing date: 2000-04-07
Publication date: 2000-10-26
Also published as: WO2000063495A3; AU3683000A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for building roads and parking zones enabling passage and filtration of water and having absorption wells helping the water penetrate into the subsoil. The method comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning and removing grass and trash using conventional tools; 2) compacting the soil manually or mechanically; 3) placing enclosure means, frames or permeable concrete walls with a filling; 4) placing an aggregates filling excluding dust and powder type particles; 5) casting a permeable concrete slab; 6) vibrocompacting the permeable concrete flagstone; 7) placing an asphalt or permeable vibrocompacted concrete carpet. All these elements rest on a hard aggregate filling having no dusts or sands and a permeable concrete flagstone to distribute loads.

Description

CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE FOR ROADS AND PARKS WITH A PERMEABLE BASE AND ITS PRODUCT

SCOPE OF THE INVENTION

A new constructive procedure of roads and parking lots is presented, with the characteristics of better resisting known loads and avoiding the annoying and uncomfortable potholes in the roads, so as to have a slightly longer duration than the current pavements and floors. At the same time it is permeable, which allows the passage and filtration of rainwater and also has absorption wells to collect it, helping to incorporate it into the subsoil after filtering.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to have a method for the construction of roads and parking lots with a permeable base.

It is another purpose of the present disclosure, to provide a product which has a longer duration than the conventional one and that at the same time avoids undesirable potholes.

Likewise, it offers the advantage of suppressing the thinness of the lower layer, which results in a heterogeneous distribution of the loads, thus allowing greater resistance to compression.

Also, it is another goal of this technological development, to serve as a means of collecting rainwater and, at the same time, to conduct it and infiltrate it to the subsoil, contributing to the recharge of aquifers. Derived from the above, this invention raises the reduction and even the suppression of storm drains, where rainwater is normally contaminated and its subsequent use is totally restricted, since its purification is untenable. At the same time, considerable economic results will be obtained by avoiding expenses of maintenance by unwrapping.

Likewise, the beginning of the novel procedure of building a road with permeable surface allows the elimination of puddles and floods.

Regarding the construction materials used by the present technological development, we add that they are conventional. The use of a permeable concrete as a finished floor is added. The use of conventional materials will not cause economic increases.

Finally, the improved procedure turns out to be simple, fast and practical, not requiring the use of specialized personnel.

FIELD OF ACTION OF THE INVENTION

Although the following description includes the best known method to implement this technological development, it is obvious to be able to make some subsequent changes without affecting the spirit and scope of the invention. It is also necessary to point out the fact that even after having disclosed this invention, it could be used totally or partially within another field of action, that should be considered as a modality in its application and in no way as a new invention. Finally, according to the content of this development, the invention has its field of action within the construction procedures of streets and roads as well as parking spaces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The construction systems of streets, avenues or roads in general, as well as parking lots, traditionally use construction materials such as asphalt, hydraulic concrete and pavers of various materials. To do this, before placing the final folder, it is necessary to prepare the characteristics of the soil, which, in many cases, has a low load capacity.

The purpose of those lower layers, in addition to improving the characteristics of soil loading, is to give the final binder sufficient stability so that the pavement does not crumble due to the constant vibration and shocks caused by the circulation of the different vehicles including those of loads considerable.

In all cases, that final folder will be placed on an impermeable base, whose purpose is to prevent the passage of rainwater and the deformations caused by it, for which said folder, also waterproof, must be supported on highly filled layers compacted, trying to form several layers and therefore will be of different thicknesses. This primary base is usually from tepetate.

Unfortunately, these layers of fill have a large number of fine aggregates whose function is to close precisely the small spaces where water can pass.

These floors, when they are in optimal conditions, have a high resistance to compression thanks to fine aggregates, which allow the transmission of the load received on the surface in a homogeneous way, but only in an area near the site where it is applied this, since its transmission to the subsoil is proportional to a radius from the point of application, depending on the magnitude of the load itself.

However, when the floors suffer some fissure due to cracks due to temperature differences, some impact, or to reach the point of fatigue, the water contributes significantly to wreak havoc. Thus, the water is filtered through the asphalt or concrete binder, or through the joints between the pavers, and comes into contact with the filler layer and gradually carries the fine aggregates. The continuity of this process causes the deformation of the base until a hole is formed, which naturally leads to the formation of a bump.

These cavities are the main enemy of the roads, because they represent a danger to the drivers of the vehicles who, when trying to dodge the pothole, can suffer or cause an accident, or, in the case of passing over it, of unintentionally, they may suffer a shock or an unwanted blow. Also, because it touches the vehicle itself, the lives of tires and suspension are reduced.

According to current estimates, the repair of a tire oscillates around ninety pesos, that of some shock absorbers for three hundred pesos and that of a Pitman arm or auxiliary arm, around eight hundred pesos, while the average bump is repaired with about sixty pesos. That is, repairs to a vehicle turn out to be more expensive than repairing a pothole.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the maintenance of streets and roads is not so expeditious due to very strong administrative problems, such as lack of budget, personnel, machinery, etc.

The present invention proposes in a simple way to reduce the formation of potholes by converting the top layer or road into a permeable layer, from materials that eliminate fine aggregates. Thus, the water will pass freely into the subsoil without diminishing the resistance of the upper layer, which will at all times contain the desired resistance to compression.

In other words, the process comprises the use of a permeable concrete binder on a filler of aggregates in which fine materials such as dusts or sands are not used. Said filling must be confined to prevent dispersion. A layer of lower permeable concrete may also be used to aid in the distribution of loads. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With reference to the procedure of elaboration of a street, avenue, and in general a road for vehicles, with a permeable base, the use of stone aggregates or some other hard material is required. With these, a filling will be carried out whose main characteristic will be not to use fines, that is, powders and sand. Secondly, the use of a permeable concrete slab for the distribution of loads is included.

Therefore, the first step will be the cleaning and disposal of herbs and garbage that the natural terrain could contain, for which conventional tools are used.

A second step will be the compaction of the ground by manual or mechanical means. The latter have the particularity of being able to perform the compaction stage in a more expeditious and homogeneous way. A third step will be the placement of the aggregate fill, or primary layer. The particle size or particle size will be the most appropriate for this purpose and particles of size considered as powder or talc should be excluded.

Therefore, all those corresponding particles of 10 to 28 mesh of the Tyler sieve pattern are recommended, which characterize materials such as granule and gravel that should be compacted from approximately 85% to 90% Proctor.

A fourth step, consisting of the placement of confining elements, formed by permeable concrete frames preferably, in the form of dalas or walls that are incorporated into the filling and confine it. A fifth step, consisting of a casting of a slab of permeable concrete for the distribution of loads. A filling with no particles considered as thin, cannot resist the punctual loads and these will be distributed by this slab whose thickness must be large enough to absorb these charges, which will be transmitted to the landfill. This system prevents sinking and deformation.

This fifth step, consisting of the confinement of the aggregates, is of vital importance, since the absence of fines causes the filling to lose cohesion, which is why it is necessary to join it and remain in this way, otherwise, the presence of charges would cause the particles to move, with the consequent reduction in the filling capacity of the landfill and obviously, the future formation of a pothole.

In fact, the lack of small or fine particles in the base, causes the distribution of the charges in a heterogeneous way, unlike those bases with fines where the load is distributed in a homogeneous way, with which the first ones are allowed to be distributed in a much larger area, before making contact with the natural floor, thus allowing greater resistance to compression.

This permeable layer allows the free passage of water which can be led to where it is desired or infiltrate the subsoil, contributing to the recharge of aquifers.

Due to the above, a large amount of storm drains can be reduced or even eliminated, thus helping not to contaminate rainwater. In addition, this system will produce a slow infiltration of water, allowing its evaporation and balancing the natural ecosystem.

Also, having a permeable floor as proposed, puddles and floods will be eliminated.

A sixth step will consist of compacting the permeable base using manual or mechanical means. A seventh step will consist of placing a final folder of permeable concrete, pavers or even some other material, as a final step, on the permeable base. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The characteristics of the novel procedure for the elaboration of streets and avenues as well as other roads and parking lots, with a permeable base, have been described in a precise way, and, to complete the same, some illustrative drawings are attached which have the purpose of indicate the novel features of the invention, serving the same reference signs to illustrate the constituent elements of technological development.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a tire of a vehicle on the conformation of the permeable base and its floor;

Figure 2 is also a sectional view of some confining walls of the permeable base;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the different layers with which the permeable base is integrated; Figure 4 is a plan view showing the way the transverse confining walls of the permeable base would be;

Figure 5 is another sectional view of a sidewalk and its union with the permeable base and its floor;

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a road constructed according to the proposed procedure.

With reference to these figures the floor is formed by a properly compacted natural layer 10 corresponding to the existing terrain. This will be compacted by manual or mechanical means. A permeable filling 20, made with controlled granulometry materials whose size is large enough to allow the free flow of water. Additionally, and distributed rationally, absorption wells 30 are also placed, whose primary function will be to store and filter rainwater, incorporating it into the subsoil after filtering. Their number and dimensions will be determined based on the amount of water that can reach them.

Dalas of confinement 40, consisting of frames or walls of permeable concrete preferably. Fittings can also fulfill this function.

The following is a permeable concrete layer 50, whose specific function will be to contribute to the distribution of the loads caused by the construction of the final floor. This layer is the element that allows to stabilize the filling to protect it from punctual loads, thanks to which it can be built on top of it with comfort.

Finally, the top layer or finished floor 60, based on permeable concrete, which will guarantee the passage of rainwater and at the same time prevent the installation of drains, and on the other the floods. Thus, the water from a rainfall will run through the upper folder or floor 60, and will be immediately filtered, driven by gravity, through the stabilizer slab 50 and the confined landfill 20, to the absorption wells 30, beginning to filter and joining the subsoil to later fill the aquifers with clean and filtered water. The absorption wells 30 work by storing the excess water and filtering it slowly, therefore having a longer time for filtering, which will allow the water stored in them or in the rest of the permeable filler to partially evaporate with the natural heating of the floors by sunning. This will be a great help for ecosystems.

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the invention, it is considered as a novelty and therefore, what is contained in the following clauses is claimed as my property.

1. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, and which comprises a plurality of process steps which consist of:

A first step, of cleaning and etimination of herbs and garbage that the natural terrain could contain, for which conventional tools are used;

A second step, after cleaning the land, which consists of compacting it, by manual or mechanical means; A third step, consisting of the placement of confining elements, consisting of frames or walls of preferably permeable concrete;

A fourth step, consisting of the placement of a filler of aggregates, whose particle size or particle size is the most appropriate for that purpose and from which particles of size considered as powder or talc are excluded; A fifth step consisting in the casting of a permeable concrete stabilizer slab, using manual or mechanical means;

A sixth step consisting in the vibro-compaction of the permeable concrete slab using manual or mechanical means;

A seventh step, consisting of the placement of an asphalt binder, pavers, or a permeable concrete also vibro-compacted, as the final floor.

2. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed according to clause one, further characterized in that the second step, of the compaction of the land by mechanical means, is carried out in a more expeditious manner, and because in addition, the compaction results more homogeneous.

3. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed according to clause one, further characterized in that it involves the placement of confining elements, consisting of frames or walls of preferably permeable concrete.

4. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause one, further characterized in that in the fourth step, consisting of the placement of fillers of aggregates or primary base, the particle size or particle size is at least 10 to 28 mesh of the Tyler screen pattern.

5. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause one and above, further characterized in that the filling of the fourth step lacks small or fine particles, which allows loads to be distributed in an area much higher, and therefore greater compression resistance is achieved.

6. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause one and above, also characterized in that the aggregate filler is a permeable base that allows the free passage of water, being able to drive it where desired or infiltrate it to the subsoil .

7. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause one and above, further characterized in that the filling of aggregates of the permeable base may reduce, or even eliminate, a large amount of storm drains, and also because, Rainwater after filtration into the subsoil will not be contaminated.

8. Construction procedure for roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause one and above, further characterized in that the filling of aggregates from the permeable base allows rainwater to pass through, eliminating puddles and floods and, because in addition, the one that is not conducted to the drains, evaporates by natural convection balancing the ecosystem.

9. Roads and parking lots with permeable base, formed by a filling or primary base, duly compacted by manual or mechanical means, which allows the free passage of water allowing it to be conducted where desired; of confining elements of the compacted primary base, by placing dalas or walls of permeable concrete, being incorporated with the filling; of absorption wells, which are under the landfill and distributed both along and across the road, as required, and which can capture water and lead it to the subsoil.

10. Roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause nine, further characterized in that the garrison of the sidewalk can be attached to a permeable base, the construction materials being compatible throughout the whole one, carrying wells distributed of absorption.

11. Roads and parking with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause nine and above, further characterized in that the permeable filling is formed based on materials such as gravel, granule and gravel compacted to 85% or 90% Proctor.

12. Roads and parking with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause nine and above, because the side of the sidewalk can also be made of permeable concrete, allowing the filtration of rainwater into the lower layers.

13. Roads and parking lots with permeable base, claimed in accordance with clause nine and above, characterized in that the permeable layers allow rainwater to be sent to the absorption wells contributing to prevent the accumulation of water in the cast slab, and because they also allow filter the water and incorporate it into the subsoil filling the aquifers with clean and filtered water.