WO2000056603A1 - Airport lighting system installations - Google Patents

Airport lighting system installations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000056603A1
WO2000056603A1 PCT/CH2000/000165 CH0000165W WO0056603A1 WO 2000056603 A1 WO2000056603 A1 WO 2000056603A1 CH 0000165 W CH0000165 W CH 0000165W WO 0056603 A1 WO0056603 A1 WO 0056603A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diodes
lighting
light
installation according
groups
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2000/000165
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre-Philippe Viret
Jean-Pierre Viret
Original Assignee
Viret Pierre Philippe
Viret Jean Pierre
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Viret Pierre Philippe, Viret Jean Pierre filed Critical Viret Pierre Philippe
Priority to EP00908902A priority Critical patent/EP1077872A1/en
Priority to AU31417/00A priority patent/AU3141700A/en
Publication of WO2000056603A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000056603A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/007—Helicopter portable landing pads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q7/00—Arrangement or adaptation of portable emergency signal devices on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/18—Visual or acoustic landing aids
    • B64F1/20—Arrangement of optical beacons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00—Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/18—Visual or acoustic landing aids
    • B64F1/20—Arrangement of optical beacons
    • B64F1/205—Arrangement of optical beacons arranged underground, e.g. underground runway lighting units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/06—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for aircraft runways or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to light beacon installations and in particular surface light beacon installations for aeronautics.
  • the lighting installations must guarantee visibility of the signaled area, at a distance as large as possible, and this, in all directions.
  • a lighting installation must minimize the risk of dazzling the pilot in the final phase of the landing.
  • Known lighting systems are distinguished in particular by the type of light sources used. These light sources generally fall into two categories, on the one hand, incandescent and halogen bulbs and, on the other hand, ionization tubes. The latter notably include discharge tubes (mercury or sodium vapor, low or high pressure), and rare gas tubes.
  • discharge tubes or sodium vapor, low or high pressure
  • rare gas tubes In known installations, whatever the light source used, it must be accompanied by an optic intended to distribute and direct the light flux. The main purpose of this optic is, on the one hand, to guarantee visibility from all angles of view which may arise during location and approach and, on the other hand, to sufficiently diffuse the light beam in order to eliminate any risk of dazzling the pilot.
  • a first drawback of the installations of the prior art is the need to use optics, often bulky, to give the light beam an adequate geometry. Indeed, most of the time, the size of the optics prohibits the use of surface beaconing or, in other words, the use of light sources placed under the landing area and emitting their light beams through a surface transparent formed in the floor covering.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to remedy the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art by providing a lighting installation in accordance with claim 1.
  • a first advantage of the present invention is therefore that it does not require an optical system to diffuse the light produced by a single light source.
  • a second advantage of the present invention is that the diodes are light sources of significantly smaller sizes compared to the light sources used in the prior art.
  • the lighting installation in accordance with the present invention does not require optics intended to shape the light beam, it is possible to produce extremely flat installations capable of being embedded in the floor covering of the area. landing.
  • a third advantage of the present invention is that the low unit cost of the diodes, combined with their small size, makes it possible to implement a high number of them simultaneously. Thus, the possible failure of a diode will have no appreciable effect on the visibility of the markup.
  • a fourth advantage of the present invention is that the diodes have a lifespan considerably greater than most of the light sources used in the prior art.
  • the light emitting diodes resist temperature variations in a range from around -40 C to +85 C.
  • a fifth advantage of the present invention is that the individual diodes give off little heat during their operation. It is therefore normally not necessary to provide cooling means for the installation of lighting systems according to the present invention.
  • - Figure 1A is a block diagram of the arrangement of several light emitting diodes according to different inclinations to allow good visibility whatever the height of the aircraft above the horizon;
  • - Figure 1B shows the assembly of 94 light-emitting diodes on a horizontal support;
  • Figure 2 shows an assembly of several horizontal supports, similar to that of Figure 1B, oriented in different directions so as to allow substantially uniform visibility in all directions and all elevations;
  • FIG. 3 shows a heliport equipped with a lighting installation according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is the diagram of the electronic circuit supplying the 94 diodes shown in Figure 1B;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of the regulated supply circuit intended to supply the circuit of FIG. 4.
  • Figure 1 A is a block diagram of the arrangement of several light emitting diodes 1a, 1b and 1c according to different inclinations to produce a visible light beam regardless of the elevation ⁇ of the observer above the horizon. It can be seen in FIG. 1A that the diode 1b inclined at 45 degrees is placed in front of the diode 1c inclined at 80 degrees and that the diode 1a inclined at 30 degrees is placed in front of the diode 1b. This arrangement has the advantage of avoiding one diode masking another.
  • Figure 1B shows an example of assembling 94 diodes 1a, 1b and 1c on a horizontal support 2.
  • the 94 diodes 1 form three groups 1a, 1b and 1c whose light beams make angles of 30 respectively , 45 and 80 degrees from the horizontal.
  • 42 diodes make an angle of 30 degrees relative to the horizontal
  • 42 make an angle of 45 degrees
  • 10 make an angle of 80 degrees.
  • the light-emitting diodes available on the market are distinguished in particular by the particular angular opening of the light beam which they emit.
  • the block diagram of FIG. 1A does not concern so that a particular type of these diodes.
  • a person skilled in the art will know how to choose inclinations adapted to the particular shape of the light beam produced by these diodes in order to obtain a light beam appropriately distributed in space.
  • FIG. 2 shows an assembly 5 of eight horizontal supports 2.
  • the orientation of the horizontal supports, or sectors presents a rotation symmetry of order 8.
  • two neighboring sectors 2 make between them a horizontal angle of 45 degrees. This arrangement guarantees good visibility in all directions.
  • the rosette-shaped assembly 5, shown in FIG. 2 only takes up a small amount of space. Indeed, the diameter of the rosette 5 grouping together in this example 752 diodes could typically be 19 cm.
  • the assemblies 5, or rosettes are still arranged side by side in groups of five. These groups 7 are mounted in robust and waterproof boxes, the upper face of which is transparent. The length of the box housing in this example five rosettes 5, and therefore 3760 diodes, is approximately 1 meter. Its width is approximately 20 cm and its height 5 cm.
  • FIG. 3 represents a heliport equipped with a lighting installation according to the present invention.
  • the lighting installation in FIG. 3 comprises sixteen groups 7 (referenced 7a to 7p) of five rosettes 5 each. It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that each group 7a, ..., 7p is connected to a power supply line generally referenced 9. All of the supply lines 9 are connected to supply and supply means. control not shown in Figure 3.
  • the beaconing installation shown in FIG. 3 is a ground installation. Under these conditions, it is advantageous to embed each of the boxes containing a group 7 of five rosettes in the floor covering. As the boxes are only about 5 cm high, they can be installed in the covering without excessive cost. In addition, this provision prevents groups 7 from constituting obstacles near the area. landing. Thus, the safety of use of the landing zone is increased.
  • the lighting installations must obey certain constraints as for the color of the emitted light. This additional constraint stems from legal or regulatory requirements.
  • the colors usually required are green, red and white.
  • the choice of diodes available on the market makes it possible to produce lighting installations according to the present invention which obey the above-mentioned prescriptions.
  • FIG. 4 is the diagram of the electronic circuit ensuring the supply of the 94 diodes represented in FIG. 1 B.
  • the circuit represented in FIG. 4 comprises first of all seven groups (referenced 11 to 17) of diodes 1 connected in series. As can be seen in the figure, groups 11 and 12 each have 16 diodes, groups 13, 14 and 17 have 14, and finally, groups 15 and 16 each have 10.
  • Groups 11 to 17 are supplied in parallel. As can also be seen in FIG. 4, resistors (referenced 21 to 27) are still connected in series with each of the groups of diodes 11 to 17. The value of each of these resistors is chosen so that the current flowing in the different diodes is the same.
  • the circuit of FIG. 4 also comprises a bridge rectifier 18 transforming into direct current, the alternating current supplied by a regulated supply circuit (not shown in FIG. 4).
  • a regulated supply circuit not shown in FIG. 4
  • the supply voltage supplied at the output of the rectifier 18 can be adjusted between a few volts and a maximum of 48 volts.
  • each individual diode will be subjected to a maximum voltage of approximately 3 volts.
  • the bridge rectifier 18 also supplies seven other assemblies each comprising 94 diodes.
  • a single rectifier 18 is able to supply the 752 diodes that comprise a rosette 5 (FIG. 2).
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of the regulated supply circuit intended to supply the bridge rectifier 18.
  • the circuit of FIG. 5 comprises two input lines referenced 28, 29 and two output lines 30 and 31.
  • the lines of input and output lines are connected by a step-down transformer referenced 33.
  • the input lines 28 and 29 can be directly connected to the three-phase network.
  • Line 28 will be connected to neutral, while line 29 will be connected to one of the three phases.
  • Thyristors referenced 35 and 36 are provided to regulate the power supplied to the transformer 33.
  • the thyristors 35, 36 are themselves controlled by a programmable control circuit (not shown) supplying a control current by the lines 37, 38, 39 and 40. Thanks to the assembly which has just been described, the programmable control circuit can vary the voltage supplied to the groups of diodes 11 to 17 (FIG. 4) between a few volts and a maximum of 48 volts.
  • the electrical diagram of FIG. 5 also includes a voltage control circuit and a current control circuit respectively referenced 42 and 43. These circuits are connected to the output lines 30 and 31.
  • the voltage control circuit 42 comprises a rectifier in bridge 44. This circuit is designed to supply the programmable control means (not shown) with a signal representative of the alternating voltage between the two output lines 30 and 31.
  • the current control circuit 43 includes a transducer 45. This circuit is provided to supply the programmable control means with a signal representative of the current flowing on the output lines 30 and 31.
  • the control circuits 42 and 43 make it possible in particular to detect any change in the electrical resistance of the circuits supplied by the bridge rectifier 18.
  • the current control means 43 detect a slight drop in the current flowing in the output lines 30 and 31 supplying the diodes.
  • Control means Programmables react to this drop in current by producing a signal intended to indicate to the person in charge of maintenance that a diode must be changed.
  • the foregoing description relates only to a very particular embodiment of the present invention. From the present text, a person skilled in the art will be able to carry out many other forms of the present invention. It may be noted, in particular, that the programmable control means can be replaced or supplemented by manual control. On the other hand, the electronic circuits used to supply the diodes can be of various shapes and can, moreover, be installed both in the immediate vicinity of each group of diodes and remotely, with the control means by example.

Abstract

The invention concerns an airport lighting system installation comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes (1a, 1b, 1c) and means supplying electric power to the diodes. The use of light-emitting diodes enable to produce very compact installations that can be easily flush-mounted at ground surface of a landing or taxiing area for aircraft.

Description

Installations de balisage lumineux Lighting systems
La présente invention concerne les installations de balisage lumineux et notamment les installations de balisage lumineux de surface pour l'aéronautique.The present invention relates to light beacon installations and in particular surface light beacon installations for aeronautics.
Dans le domaine de l'aéronautique, il est très souvent nécessaire de délimiter, de manière visible à distance, des zones d'atterrissage ou des surfaces de stationnement d'aéronefs. La visibilité de ces zones particulières est d'une importance vitale pour assurer la sécurité en toutes circonstances, de jour comme de nuit.In the field of aeronautics, it is very often necessary to demarcate, in a visible manner from a distance, landing zones or aircraft parking areas. The visibility of these particular areas is of vital importance for ensuring security in all circumstances, day and night.
En conséquence, on a édicté des prescriptions strictes concernant les installations de balisage destinées à guider les pilotes lors des phases d'approche et d'atterrissage. Ces prescriptions sont particulièrement sévères lorsque la zone à baliser se trouve à l'intérieur d'une localité, à proximité de bâtiments ou de routes à grand trafic. Or, cette situation est notamment celle de nombreux héliports qui sont situés sur, ou à côté, d'un hôpital et qui doivent être prêts à accueillir des blessés transportés par hélicoptère, de nuit comme de jour.As a result, strict requirements have been issued for the installation of beacons to guide pilots during the approach and landing phases. These requirements are particularly severe when the area to be marked is inside a locality, near buildings or high traffic roads. However, this situation is notably that of many heliports which are located on, or next to, a hospital and which must be ready to receive wounded transported by helicopter, night and day.
Dans ce contexte, on comprendra que, pour donner satisfaction, les installations de balisage lumineux doivent garantir une visibilité de la zone signalée, à une distance aussi grande que possible, et cela, dans toutes les directions. De plus, une installation de balisage lumineux doit limiter au maximum le risque d'éblouissement du pilote dans la phase finale de l'atterrissage.In this context, it will be understood that, to give satisfaction, the lighting installations must guarantee visibility of the signaled area, at a distance as large as possible, and this, in all directions. In addition, a lighting installation must minimize the risk of dazzling the pilot in the final phase of the landing.
Les installations de balisage lumineux connues se distinguent notamment par le type de sources lumineuses utilisé. Ces sources lumineuses se regroupent généralement en deux catégories, d'une part, les ampoules à incandescence et à halogènes et, d'autre part, les tubes à ionisations. Ces derniers comprennent notamment les tubes à décharge (vapeur de mercure ou de sodium, basse ou haute pression), et les tubes à gaz rares. Dans les installations connues, quelle que soit la source lumineuse utilisée, elle doit être assortie d'une optique prévue pour répartir et diriger le flux lumineux. Cette optique a notamment pour fonction, d'une part, de garantir la visibilité sous tous les angles de vue pouvant se présenter lors de la localisation et de l'approche et, d'autre part, de diffuser suffisamment le faisceau lumineux afin d'écarter tout risque d'éblouissement du pilote.Known lighting systems are distinguished in particular by the type of light sources used. These light sources generally fall into two categories, on the one hand, incandescent and halogen bulbs and, on the other hand, ionization tubes. The latter notably include discharge tubes (mercury or sodium vapor, low or high pressure), and rare gas tubes. In known installations, whatever the light source used, it must be accompanied by an optic intended to distribute and direct the light flux. The main purpose of this optic is, on the one hand, to guarantee visibility from all angles of view which may arise during location and approach and, on the other hand, to sufficiently diffuse the light beam in order to eliminate any risk of dazzling the pilot.
Un premier inconvénient des installations de l'art antérieur est la nécessité d'avoir recours à une optique, souvent volumineuse, pour donner au faisceau lumineux une géométrie adéquate. En effet, la plupart du temps, la taille de l'optique interdit d'utiliser un balisage de surface ou, autrement dit, d'utiliser des sources lumineuses disposées sous l'aire d'atterrissage et émettant leurs faisceaux lumineux à travers une surface transparente ménagée dans le revêtement de sol.A first drawback of the installations of the prior art is the need to use optics, often bulky, to give the light beam an adequate geometry. Indeed, most of the time, the size of the optics prohibits the use of surface beaconing or, in other words, the use of light sources placed under the landing area and emitting their light beams through a surface transparent formed in the floor covering.
Un autre inconvénient des installations de l'art antérieur est que, pour des raisons à la fois de coût et de manque de place, on ne prévoit généralement pas de redondance en ce qui concerne les sources lumineuses produisant le faisceau. Ainsi, il suffit souvent qu'une seule source lumineuse cesse de fonctionner, pour que la visibilité du balisage soit considérablement réduite ou que l'on assiste même à une extinction totale.Another drawback of the prior art installations is that, for reasons of both cost and lack of space, there is generally no provision for redundancy with regard to the light sources producing the beam. Thus, it often suffices that a single light source ceases to function, so that the visibility of the markings is considerably reduced or that there is even a total extinction.
Un but de la présente invention est donc de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur susmentionnés en fournissant une installation de balisage lumineux conforme à la revendication 1.An object of the present invention is therefore to remedy the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art by providing a lighting installation in accordance with claim 1.
Des expériences ont montré qu'étonnamment, bien que la puissance lumineuse d'une seule diode soit beaucoup trop faible pour risquer d'éblouir le pilote d'un aéronef, un groupe important de diodes luminescentes est parfaitement aptes à produire suffisamment de lumière pour assurer la bonne visibilité d'une installation de balisage lumineux. Un premier avantage de la présente invention est donc que celle-ci ne nécessite pas d'optique pour diffuser la lumière produite par une unique source lumineuse. Un deuxième avantage de la présente invention est que les diodes sont des sources lumineuses de tailles nettement plus réduites par comparaison aux sources lumineuses mises en oeuvre dans l'art antérieur. De plus, l'installation de balisage lumineux conforme à la présente invention ne nécessitant pas d'optiques destinées à façonner le faisceau lumineux, il est possible de produire des installations extrêmement plates susceptibles d'être encastrées dans le revêtement de sol de l'aire d'atterrissage.Experiments have shown that surprisingly, although the luminous power of a single diode is far too low to risk dazzling the pilot of an aircraft, a large group of light-emitting diodes is perfectly capable of producing enough light to ensure good visibility of a lighting installation. A first advantage of the present invention is therefore that it does not require an optical system to diffuse the light produced by a single light source. A second advantage of the present invention is that the diodes are light sources of significantly smaller sizes compared to the light sources used in the prior art. In addition, since the lighting installation in accordance with the present invention does not require optics intended to shape the light beam, it is possible to produce extremely flat installations capable of being embedded in the floor covering of the area. landing.
Un troisième avantage de la présente invention est que le coût unitaire peu élevé des diodes, combiné à leur petite taille, permet d'en mettre en oeuvre simultanément un nombre élevé. Ainsi, l'éventuelle défaillance d'une diode n'aura aucun effet sensible sur la visibilité du balisage.A third advantage of the present invention is that the low unit cost of the diodes, combined with their small size, makes it possible to implement a high number of them simultaneously. Thus, the possible failure of a diode will have no appreciable effect on the visibility of the markup.
Un quatrième avantage de la présente invention est que les diodes ont une durée de vie considérablement supérieure à la plupart des sources lumineuses mises en oeuvre dans l'art antérieur. De plus, les diodes lumineuses résistent bien aux variations de température dans une gamme allant d'environ -40 C à +85 C.A fourth advantage of the present invention is that the diodes have a lifespan considerably greater than most of the light sources used in the prior art. In addition, the light emitting diodes resist temperature variations in a range from around -40 C to +85 C.
Un cinquième avantage de la présente invention est que les diodes individuelles ne dégagent que peu de chaleur durant leur fonctionnement. Il n'est donc normalement pas nécessaire de prévoir de moyens de refroidissement pour l'installation de balisage lumineux selon la présente invention.A fifth advantage of the present invention is that the individual diodes give off little heat during their operation. It is therefore normally not necessary to provide cooling means for the installation of lighting systems according to the present invention.
D'autres buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :Other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1A est un schéma de principe de l'arrangement de plusieurs diodes luminescentes selon des inclinaisons différentes pour permettre une bonne visibilité quelle que soit la hauteur de l'aéronef au-dessus de l'horizon; - la figure 1 B montre l'assemblage de 94 diodes luminescentes sur un support horizontal;- Figure 1A is a block diagram of the arrangement of several light emitting diodes according to different inclinations to allow good visibility whatever the height of the aircraft above the horizon; - Figure 1B shows the assembly of 94 light-emitting diodes on a horizontal support;
- la figure 2 représente un assemblage de plusieurs supports horizontaux, pareils à celui de la figure 1B, orientés selon des directions différentes de manière à permettre une visibilité sensiblement uniforme dans toutes les directions et toutes les élévations;- Figure 2 shows an assembly of several horizontal supports, similar to that of Figure 1B, oriented in different directions so as to allow substantially uniform visibility in all directions and all elevations;
- la figure 3 représente un héliport équipé d'une installation de balisage lumineux selon la présente invention;- Figure 3 shows a heliport equipped with a lighting installation according to the present invention;
- la figure 4 est le schéma du circuit électronique assurant l'alimentation des 94 diodes représentées sur la figure 1 B;- Figure 4 is the diagram of the electronic circuit supplying the 94 diodes shown in Figure 1B;
- la figure 5 est un schéma du circuit d'alimentation régulé prévu pour alimenter le circuit de la figure 4.FIG. 5 is a diagram of the regulated supply circuit intended to supply the circuit of FIG. 4.
La figure 1 A est un schéma de principe de l'arrangement de plusieurs diodes luminescentes 1a, 1 b et 1 c selon des inclinaisons différentes pour produire un faisceau lumineux visible quelle que soit l'élévation α de l'observateur au dessus de l'horizon. On voit sur la figure 1A que la diode 1 b inclinée à 45 degrés est placée devant la diode 1c inclinée à 80 degrés et que la diode 1a inclinée à 30 degrés est placée devant la diode 1b. Cette disposition présente l'avantage d'éviter qu'une diode n'en masque une autre.Figure 1 A is a block diagram of the arrangement of several light emitting diodes 1a, 1b and 1c according to different inclinations to produce a visible light beam regardless of the elevation α of the observer above the horizon. It can be seen in FIG. 1A that the diode 1b inclined at 45 degrees is placed in front of the diode 1c inclined at 80 degrees and that the diode 1a inclined at 30 degrees is placed in front of the diode 1b. This arrangement has the advantage of avoiding one diode masking another.
La figure 1 B montre un exemple d'assemblage de 94 diodes 1a, 1 b et 1 c sur un support horizontal 2. Les 94 diodes 1 forment trois groupes 1a, 1 b et 1 c dont les faisceaux lumineux font respectivement des angles de 30, 45 et 80 degrés par rapport à l'horizontal. Selon le présent exemple, 42 diodes font un angle de 30 degrés par rapport à l'horizontal, 42 font un angle de 45 degrés et 10 font un angle de 80 degrés.Figure 1B shows an example of assembling 94 diodes 1a, 1b and 1c on a horizontal support 2. The 94 diodes 1 form three groups 1a, 1b and 1c whose light beams make angles of 30 respectively , 45 and 80 degrees from the horizontal. According to the present example, 42 diodes make an angle of 30 degrees relative to the horizontal, 42 make an angle of 45 degrees and 10 make an angle of 80 degrees.
Les diodes luminescentes disponibles dans le commerce se distinguent notamment par l'ouverture angulaire particulière du faisceau lumineux qu'elles émettent. Le schéma de principe de la figure 1A ne concerne donc qu'un type particulier de ces diodes. Toutefois, l'homme du métier saura choisir des inclinaisons adaptées à la forme particulière du faisceau lumineux produit par ces diodes afin d'obtenir un faisceau lumineux réparti de façon appropriée dans l'espace.The light-emitting diodes available on the market are distinguished in particular by the particular angular opening of the light beam which they emit. The block diagram of FIG. 1A does not concern so that a particular type of these diodes. However, a person skilled in the art will know how to choose inclinations adapted to the particular shape of the light beam produced by these diodes in order to obtain a light beam appropriately distributed in space.
La figure 2 montre un assemblage 5 de huit supports horizontaux 2.FIG. 2 shows an assembly 5 of eight horizontal supports 2.
Comme on le voit sur la figure, l'orientation des supports horizontaux, ou secteurs, présente une symétrie de rotation d'ordre 8. En d'autres termes, deux secteurs 2 voisins font entre eux un angle horizontal de 45 degrés. Cette disposition permet de garantir une bonne visibilité dans toutes les directions.As can be seen in the figure, the orientation of the horizontal supports, or sectors, presents a rotation symmetry of order 8. In other words, two neighboring sectors 2 make between them a horizontal angle of 45 degrees. This arrangement guarantees good visibility in all directions.
Les diodes luminescentes étant d'assez petites dimensions, l'assemblage en forme de rosace 5, représenté à la figure 2, ne présente qu'un faible encombrement. En effet, le diamètre de la rosace 5 regroupant dans cet exemple 752 diodes pourrait typiquement être de 19 cm. Dans le présent exemple, les assemblages 5, ou rosaces, sont encore arrangés côte à côte par groupes de cinq. Ces groupes 7 sont montés dans des boîtes robustes et étanches, et dont la face supérieure est transparente. La longueur de la boîte logeant dans cet exemple cinq rosaces 5, et donc 3760 diodes, est d'environ 1 mètre. Sa largeur est d'environ 20 cm et sa hauteur de 5 cm.Since the light-emitting diodes are relatively small, the rosette-shaped assembly 5, shown in FIG. 2, only takes up a small amount of space. Indeed, the diameter of the rosette 5 grouping together in this example 752 diodes could typically be 19 cm. In the present example, the assemblies 5, or rosettes, are still arranged side by side in groups of five. These groups 7 are mounted in robust and waterproof boxes, the upper face of which is transparent. The length of the box housing in this example five rosettes 5, and therefore 3760 diodes, is approximately 1 meter. Its width is approximately 20 cm and its height 5 cm.
La figure 3 représente un héliport équipé d'une installation de balisage lumineux selon la présente invention. L'installation de balisage lumineux de la figure 3 comporte seize groupes 7 (référencé 7a à 7p) de cinq rosaces 5 chacun. On voit encore sur la figure 3 que chaque groupe 7a,...,7p est connecté à une ligne d'alimentation en énergie globalement référencée 9. L'ensemble des lignes d'alimentation 9 est relié à des moyens d'alimentation et de commande non représentés à la figure 3.FIG. 3 represents a heliport equipped with a lighting installation according to the present invention. The lighting installation in FIG. 3 comprises sixteen groups 7 (referenced 7a to 7p) of five rosettes 5 each. It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that each group 7a, ..., 7p is connected to a power supply line generally referenced 9. All of the supply lines 9 are connected to supply and supply means. control not shown in Figure 3.
L'installation de balisage représentée sur la figure 3 est une installation au sol. Dans ces conditions, il est avantageux d'encastrer chacune des boîtes contenant un groupe 7 de cinq rosaces dans le revêtement de sol. Les boîtes ne mesurant qu'environ 5 cm de hauteur, elles peuvent être installées dans le revêtement sans frais excessifs. De plus, cette disposition évite que les groupes 7 ne constituent des obstacles à proximité de l'aire d'atterrissage. Ainsi, la sécurité d'utilisation de la zone d'atterrissage se trouve augmentée.The beaconing installation shown in FIG. 3 is a ground installation. Under these conditions, it is advantageous to embed each of the boxes containing a group 7 of five rosettes in the floor covering. As the boxes are only about 5 cm high, they can be installed in the covering without excessive cost. In addition, this provision prevents groups 7 from constituting obstacles near the area. landing. Thus, the safety of use of the landing zone is increased.
En plus de la question de la répartition géométrique des diodes, les installations de balisage lumineux doivent obéir à certaines contraintes quant à la couleur de la lumière émise. Cette contrainte supplémentaire découle de prescriptions légales ou réglementaires. Les couleurs habituellement requises sont le vert, le rouge et le blanc. A l'heure actuelle, le choix de diodes disponibles sur le marché permet de réaliser des installations de balisage selon la présente invention qui obéissent aux prescriptions susmentionnées.In addition to the question of the geometrical distribution of the diodes, the lighting installations must obey certain constraints as for the color of the emitted light. This additional constraint stems from legal or regulatory requirements. The colors usually required are green, red and white. At the present time, the choice of diodes available on the market makes it possible to produce lighting installations according to the present invention which obey the above-mentioned prescriptions.
Comme on l'a déjà dit, l'installation de balisage lumineux selon la présente invention comporte un système d'alimentation électrique. La figure 4 est le schéma du circuit électronique assurant l'alimentation des 94 diodes représentées sur la figure 1 B. Le circuit représenté à la figure 4 comporte tout d'abord sept groupes (référencés 11 à 17) de diodes 1 montées en série. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure, les groupes 11 et 12 comportent chacun 16 diodes, les groupes 13, 14 et 17 en comportent 14, et enfin, les groupes 15 et 16 en comportent chacun 10.As already mentioned, the lighting installation according to the present invention comprises an electrical supply system. FIG. 4 is the diagram of the electronic circuit ensuring the supply of the 94 diodes represented in FIG. 1 B. The circuit represented in FIG. 4 comprises first of all seven groups (referenced 11 to 17) of diodes 1 connected in series. As can be seen in the figure, groups 11 and 12 each have 16 diodes, groups 13, 14 and 17 have 14, and finally, groups 15 and 16 each have 10.
Les groupes 11 à 17 sont alimentés en parallèle. Comme on le voit également sur la figure 4, des résistances (référencées 21 à 27) sont encore montées en série avec chacun des groupes de diodes 11 à 17. La valeur de chacune de ces résistances est choisie de manière à ce que le courant circulant dans les différentes diodes soit le même.Groups 11 to 17 are supplied in parallel. As can also be seen in FIG. 4, resistors (referenced 21 to 27) are still connected in series with each of the groups of diodes 11 to 17. The value of each of these resistors is chosen so that the current flowing in the different diodes is the same.
Le circuit de la figure 4 comporte encore un redresseur en pont 18 transformant en courant continu, le courant alternatif fourni par un circuit l'alimentation régulé (non représenté sur la figure 4). Comme on le verra encore plus loin, la tension d'alimentation fournie en sortie du redresseur 18 peut être réglée entre quelques volts et un maximum de 48 volts. Ainsi, chaque diode individuelle sera soumise à une tension maximum d'environ 3 volts. Le redresseur en pont 18 alimente également sept autres assemblages comportant chacun 94 diodes. Ainsi un seul redresseur 18 est en mesure d'alimenter les 752 diodes que comporte une rosace 5 (figure 2).The circuit of FIG. 4 also comprises a bridge rectifier 18 transforming into direct current, the alternating current supplied by a regulated supply circuit (not shown in FIG. 4). As will be seen further below, the supply voltage supplied at the output of the rectifier 18 can be adjusted between a few volts and a maximum of 48 volts. Thus, each individual diode will be subjected to a maximum voltage of approximately 3 volts. The bridge rectifier 18 also supplies seven other assemblies each comprising 94 diodes. Thus, a single rectifier 18 is able to supply the 752 diodes that comprise a rosette 5 (FIG. 2).
La figure 5 est un schéma du circuit d'alimentation régulé prévu pour alimenter le redresseur en pont 18. Le circuit de la figure 5 comporte deux lignes d'entrée référencées 28, 29 et deux lignes de sortie 30 et 31. Les lignes d'entrée et les lignes de sortie sont reliées par un transformateur abaisseur de tension référencé 33. De façon avantageuse, les lignes d'entrée 28 et 29 peuvent être directement connectées au réseau triphasé. La ligne 28 sera connectée au neutre, alors que la ligne 29 sera connectée à l'une des trois phases. Des thyristors référencés 35 et 36 sont prévus pour réguler la puissance fournie au transformateur 33. Les thyristors 35, 36 sont eux-mêmes commandés par un circuit de commande programmable (non représenté) fournissant un courant de commande par les lignes 37, 38, 39 et 40. Grâce au montage qui vient d'être décrit, le circuit de commande programmable peut faire varier la tension fournie aux groupes de diodes 11 à 17 (figure 4) entre quelques volts et un maximum de 48 volts.FIG. 5 is a diagram of the regulated supply circuit intended to supply the bridge rectifier 18. The circuit of FIG. 5 comprises two input lines referenced 28, 29 and two output lines 30 and 31. The lines of input and output lines are connected by a step-down transformer referenced 33. Advantageously, the input lines 28 and 29 can be directly connected to the three-phase network. Line 28 will be connected to neutral, while line 29 will be connected to one of the three phases. Thyristors referenced 35 and 36 are provided to regulate the power supplied to the transformer 33. The thyristors 35, 36 are themselves controlled by a programmable control circuit (not shown) supplying a control current by the lines 37, 38, 39 and 40. Thanks to the assembly which has just been described, the programmable control circuit can vary the voltage supplied to the groups of diodes 11 to 17 (FIG. 4) between a few volts and a maximum of 48 volts.
Le schéma électrique de la figure 5 comporte encore un circuit de contrôle de tension et un circuit de contrôle de courant respectivement référencés 42 et 43. Ces circuits sont reliés aux lignes de sortie 30 et 31. Le circuit de contrôle de tension 42 comporte un redresseur en pont 44. Ce circuit est prévu pour fournir aux moyens de commande programmables (non représentés) un signal représentatif de la tension alternative entre les deux lignes de sortie 30 et 31. Le circuit de contrôle de courant 43 comporte un transducteur 45. Ce circuit est prévu pour fournir aux moyens de commande programmables un signal représentatif du courant circulant sur les lignes de sortie 30 et 31.The electrical diagram of FIG. 5 also includes a voltage control circuit and a current control circuit respectively referenced 42 and 43. These circuits are connected to the output lines 30 and 31. The voltage control circuit 42 comprises a rectifier in bridge 44. This circuit is designed to supply the programmable control means (not shown) with a signal representative of the alternating voltage between the two output lines 30 and 31. The current control circuit 43 includes a transducer 45. This circuit is provided to supply the programmable control means with a signal representative of the current flowing on the output lines 30 and 31.
Les circuits de contrôle 42 et 43 permettent notamment de détecter tout changement de la résistance électrique des circuits alimentés par le redresseur en pont 18. Ainsi, en cas de défaillance d'une diode, les moyens de contrôle du courant 43 détectent une légère baisse du courant circulant dans les lignes de sortie 30 et 31 alimantant les diodes. Les moyens de commande programmables réagissent à cette baisse de courant en produisant un signal prévu pour indiquer à la personne chargée de la maintenance qu'une diode doit être changée.The control circuits 42 and 43 make it possible in particular to detect any change in the electrical resistance of the circuits supplied by the bridge rectifier 18. Thus, in the event of a diode failure, the current control means 43 detect a slight drop in the current flowing in the output lines 30 and 31 supplying the diodes. Control means Programmables react to this drop in current by producing a signal intended to indicate to the person in charge of maintenance that a diode must be changed.
Comme l'installation décrite dans cet exemple comporte un nombre considérable de diodes orientées dans n'importe quelle direction donnée, l'extinction même d'une rangée de seize diodes en série, par exemple, n'aura pas d'effet catastrophique sur la visibilité de l'installation de balisage lumineux. On se rappellera en effet qu'un seul assemblage de diodes sur un support horizontal 2 comporte 42 diodes avec une inclinaison donnée.As the installation described in this example comprises a considerable number of diodes oriented in any given direction, the very extinction of a row of sixteen diodes in series, for example, will not have a catastrophic effect on the visibility of the lighting installation. It will be remembered that a single assembly of diodes on a horizontal support 2 comprises 42 diodes with a given inclination.
La description qui précède ne concerne qu'un mode de réalisation tout à fait particulier de la présente invention. A partir du présent texte, l'homme du métier sera capable de réaliser de nombreuses autres formes de la présente invention. On peut faire remarquer, notamment, que les moyens de commandes programmables peuvent être remplacés ou complétés par une commande manuelle. D'autre part, les circuits électroniques servant à l'alimentation des diodes peuvent être de formes diverses et peuvent, de plus, être installés aussi bien dans le voisinage immédiat de chaque groupe de diodes qu'à distance, avec les moyens de commande par exemple. The foregoing description relates only to a very particular embodiment of the present invention. From the present text, a person skilled in the art will be able to carry out many other forms of the present invention. It may be noted, in particular, that the programmable control means can be replaced or supplemented by manual control. On the other hand, the electronic circuits used to supply the diodes can be of various shapes and can, moreover, be installed both in the immediate vicinity of each group of diodes and remotely, with the control means by example.

Claims

RevendicationsClaims
1) Installation de balisage lumineux comportant une pluralité de sources lumineuses (1) et des moyens d'alimentation électrique pour lesdites sources lumineuses; caractérisée en ce que les sources lumineuses sont des diodes électroluminescentes.1) Installation of light beacon comprising a plurality of light sources (1) and power supply means for said light sources; characterized in that the light sources are light emitting diodes.
2) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les diodes sont orientées selon plusieurs directions.2) Lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the diodes are oriented in several directions.
3) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les diodes sont inclinées par rapport à l'horizontal selon plusieurs angles.3) Lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the diodes are inclined relative to the horizontal at several angles.
4) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les diodes sont sensiblement inclinées de 30 degrés, de 45 degrés et de 80 degrés par rapport à l'horizontal.4) Installation of lighting according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the diodes are substantially inclined by 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 80 degrees relative to the horizontal.
5) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les diodes sont encastrées dans le revêtement de sol d'une aire d'atterrissage ou d'une voie de roulement.5) Installation of lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that the diodes are embedded in the floor covering of a landing area or a rolling track.
6) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens d'alimentation électrique sont commandés par l'intermédiaire de thyristors (35, 36).6) Lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrical supply means are controlled by means of thyristors (35, 36).
7) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens d'alimentation électrique sont commandés par des moyens de commande programmable.7) Lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrical supply means are controlled by programmable control means.
8) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle est prévue pour baliser un héliport ou une voie de roulement. 9) Installation de balisage lumineux selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les diodes sont connectées par groupe (11 ,12,13,14,15,16,17) en série, lesdits groupes étant eux-mêmes connectés en parallèle. 8) Lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided for marking a heliport or a taxiway. 9) Lighting installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the diodes are connected in groups (11, 12,13,14,15,16,17) in series, said groups being themselves connected in parallel.
PCT/CH2000/000165 1999-03-22 2000-03-21 Airport lighting system installations WO2000056603A1 (en)

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EP1547922A3 (en) * 2003-12-22 2007-09-05 Calzoni S.r.l. Optical device for indicating the glide angle for aircraft
WO2009074913A1 (en) * 2007-12-10 2009-06-18 Calzoni S.R.L. Light indication system for airport runways, road routes and the like.
CN101765278A (en) * 2008-12-26 2010-06-30 周洪璋 Power-frequency digital frequency-division transmission method and device of monitoring device of navigational light
ITTV20090229A1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-10 Giovine Vincenzo Di RADIANT LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR REPLACEMENT OR REFLECTION AIRPORTS AND AIRPORTS WITH LED TYPE COLLIMATED SOURCES
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1547922A3 (en) * 2003-12-22 2007-09-05 Calzoni S.r.l. Optical device for indicating the glide angle for aircraft
US7535380B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2009-05-19 Calzoni S.R.L. Optical device for indicating the glide angle for aircraft
WO2009074913A1 (en) * 2007-12-10 2009-06-18 Calzoni S.R.L. Light indication system for airport runways, road routes and the like.
CN101765278A (en) * 2008-12-26 2010-06-30 周洪璋 Power-frequency digital frequency-division transmission method and device of monitoring device of navigational light
CN101765278B (en) * 2008-12-26 2013-06-19 周洪璋 Power-frequency digital frequency-division transmission method and device of monitoring device of navigational light
ITTV20090229A1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-10 Giovine Vincenzo Di RADIANT LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR REPLACEMENT OR REFLECTION AIRPORTS AND AIRPORTS WITH LED TYPE COLLIMATED SOURCES
NL2013974B1 (en) * 2014-12-12 2016-10-11 Orga Holding B V Helipad and helipad illumination system.

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