WO2000051389A1 - Preservation des limites cellulaires lors d'un transfert dans un systeme cellulaire d'antenne intelligent - Google Patents

Preservation des limites cellulaires lors d'un transfert dans un systeme cellulaire d'antenne intelligent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000051389A1
WO2000051389A1 PCT/SE1999/002492 SE9902492W WO0051389A1 WO 2000051389 A1 WO2000051389 A1 WO 2000051389A1 SE 9902492 W SE9902492 W SE 9902492W WO 0051389 A1 WO0051389 A1 WO 0051389A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
traffic channel
antenna
mobile station
received signal
broadcast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1999/002492
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sylvain Labonte
Michel Desgagne
Pat Minichiello
Gopichand Kongara
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to BR9917156-2A priority Critical patent/BR9917156A/pt
Priority to AU21383/00A priority patent/AU2138300A/en
Priority to EP99965698A priority patent/EP1159849B1/fr
Priority to JP2000601877A priority patent/JP4417569B2/ja
Priority to DE69932458T priority patent/DE69932458T2/de
Priority to CA002364777A priority patent/CA2364777C/fr
Publication of WO2000051389A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000051389A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00837—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cellular telephone network implementing a smart antenna technology in addition to sector antenna technology at its base stations and, in particular, to a hand-off procedure for use in connection with such a network, wherein the handoff procedure preserves the cell borders defined for each cell by sector antenna operation.
  • a cell site 10 may comprise either one omnidirectional cell or a plurality, for example, three (or more), sector cells 12.
  • Directive antennas 14, each with an appropriately selected beamwidth for the sector cell 12, are then utilized at each base station 16 to form a plurality of wide beams 18, one per sector cell, with the totality of the beams formed thereby providing substantially omni-directional radio frequency coverage throughout the cell site area.
  • each of the formed wide beams 18 is in continuous use to provide service within each corresponding sector cell 12.
  • FIGURE 2A Another example of directive antenna use in cellular communications networks is based on the use of smart antenna technology, as is illustrated in FIGURE 2A.
  • Directive antennas 20 are utilized at each base station 16 of a cell site 10 to form a plurality of separate, perhaps slightly overlapping, narrow beams 22 within each sector cell 12, with the totality of the beams formed thereby providing substantially omnidirectional radio frequency coverage throughout the cell site area.
  • the narrow beams 22 are intermittently used only when necessary to provide service to one or more mobile stations 24, as is illustrated in FIGURE 2B.
  • the base station 16 controls its directive antenna 20 to activate at any given time only those individual ones of the plurality of separate, perhaps slightly overlapping, narrow beams 22 as are needed to serve active mobile stations 24 within the cell site 10.
  • FIGURE 3 wherein there is shown a diagram of directive antenna beam coverage from adjacent cells 12.
  • a first cell 12(1) includes a directive (sector) antenna 14, having an appropriately selected beamwidth for the sector, at its base station 16(1) that is operable to provide a sector coverage beam 18 to serve a mobile station 24.
  • a second, adjacent, cell 1 (2) includes a directive (smart) antenna 20 at its base station 16(2) that is operable to form, at any one time, a narrow beam 22 to serve a mobile station 24.
  • the theoretical (or ideal) hand-off border 26 between the first cell 12(1) and the second cell 12(2) would lie approximately half-way between the base stations 16 for the respective cells 12 and would be defined by approximate interaction of the sector coverage beam 18 in the first cell and a theoretical (or perhaps physical, if present) sector coverage beam 18' in the second cell.
  • the theoretical border 26 is illustrated in the manner of a zone between lines 26(1) and 26(2) to account for the fact that hysteresis values, as is well known in the art, affect the relative location between the base stations where hand-off would actually occur. More specifically, because of the introduced hysteresis value, which must be met by the signal strength measurements made with respect to, and compared between, the two cells 12, a mobile station 24 moving from the first cell 12(1) into the second cell 12(2) would not actually achieve a hand-off until at least reaching line 26(2). Conversely, a mobile station 24 moving from the second cell 12(2) into the first cell 12(1) would not actually achieve a hand-off until at least reaching line 26(1).
  • One advantage of the use of smart antennas 20 is the extended range of coverage, as generally indicated at 28, obtained when compared to the range of coverage provided by sector antennas 14.
  • One consequence of this extended coverage range 28 is a disturbance in location of the cell border 26, as generally shown at 30.
  • the base station 16(2) tends to provide service to mobile stations 24 which are not located within or near its cell 12(2), and thus service load between the cells is not properly shared and system management issues become too complex.
  • the base station 16(2) downlink broadcasts made from the second cell 12(2) in order to provide service to a distant mobile station may be made at such a high power level as to inject downlink co-channel interference into other cells within the network which reuse its same frequency.
  • distant mobile station 24 uplink broadcasts may be made at such a high power level as to more quickly and unnecessarily drain battery life.
  • the mobile station makes downlink signal strength measurements on its own serving traffic channel as well as the measurement (control) channels of neighboring cells. Hand-off is appropriate if the signal strength measurement on a neighboring cell's measurement channel exceeds the signal strength measurement for the own serving cell's traffic channel (as off-set by any imposed hysteresis value). In connection with measurements made on measurement and traffic channels with respect to cells possessing both sector antenna and smart antenna capabilities, however, these downlink signal strength measurements have to be adjusted to take into account the operational and physical differences between sector antennae and smart antennae.
  • the downlink signal strength measurement on the own serving cell's traffic channel is adjusted by a first factor accounting for any noted difference in gain between the sector antenna and smart antenna of that cell as a function of azimuth angle of orientation of the mobile station to the serving cell's base station.
  • the downlink signal strength measurement on the own serving cell's traffic channel is adjusted by a second factor accounting for any difference between the output power backoff value for the smart antenna traffic channels (with respect to the digital control channel) and the output power backoff value for the sector antenna traffic channels (again with respect to the digital control channel).
  • the downlink signal strength measurement on the own serving cell's traffic channel is adjusted by a third factor accounting for power control attenuation provided by the serving base station on the serving traffic channel.
  • the signal strength measurement on a neighboring cell's measurement channel is adjusted by a factor accounting for the output power backoff value for the sector antenna traffic channels (with respect to the digital control channel).
  • cell boundary location is preserved independent of base station use of sector and/or smart antennas, and the adjusted values may be compared against each other (as off-set by any imposed hysteresis value) to more precisely locate the mobile station and uniformly, predictably and accurately identify when it is appropriate to authorize a hand-off.
  • FIGURE 1 previously described, is a diagram of directive antenna beam coverage within a sectorized cell of a cellular communications network
  • FIGURES 2A and 2B previously described, are diagrams of directive antenna beam coverage within a smart antenna equipped cell of a cellular communications network
  • FIGURE 3 previously described, is a diagram of directive antenna beam coverage from adjacent cells
  • FIGURES 4 A and 4B are diagrams of directive antenna beam coverage within a combined sectorized/smart antenna cell of the present invention
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates different coverage ranges with respect to different antenna/power combinations for the combined sectorized/smart antenna cell of FIGURES 4A and 4B;
  • FIGURE 6 is a block diagram of a cellular system including base stations implementing the combined sectorized/smart antenna cell illustrated in FIGURES 4A and 4B; and FIGURE 7 is a signal flow and network operation diagram illustrating operation of the system of FIGURE 6 to complete a mobile station hand-off.
  • FIGURE 4A wherein there is shown a diagram of directive antenna beam coverage within a combined sectorized/smart antenna cell 100 of the present invention.
  • a base station 102 for the cell 100 includes a first directive (sector) antenna 104 operable to form a wide beam 106 for each sector 108, with the totality of the sector coverage formed thereby providing substantially omni-directional radio frequency coverage throughout the cell site area.
  • the base station 102 for the cell 100 further includes a plurality of second directive (smart) antennas 110, one for each sector, and each operable to form a plurality of separate, perhaps slightly overlapping, narrow beams 112 (either switched or steerable) within each sector 108, with the totality of the smart beams formed thereby providing substantially omnidirectional radio frequency coverage throughout the cell site area.
  • a plurality of second directive (smart) antennas 110 one for each sector, and each operable to form a plurality of separate, perhaps slightly overlapping, narrow beams 112 (either switched or steerable) within each sector 108, with the totality of the smart beams formed thereby providing substantially omnidirectional radio frequency coverage throughout the cell site area.
  • only one sector 108 is shown.
  • only one physical directive antenna comprising, for example, an antenna array
  • each of the wide beams 106 formed by the first directive antenna 104 is in continuous use to provide service within each corresponding sector 108 to mobile stations 114 present therein.
  • the second directive antenna 110
  • the digital control channel is supported by the sector antenna 104 with a given power level (P DCCH ) to provide a DCCH coverage range 120.
  • the digital traffic channel(s) (DTC) may also be supported by the sector antenna 104 with a given power level (P SECTOR ) t0 provide a sector DTC coverage range 122.
  • the digital traffic channel(s) (DTC) are supported by the smart antenna 110 with a given power level
  • (P SMART ) t0 provide a smart DTC coverage range 124.
  • the border 126 between cells is defined by the sector DTC coverage range 122 (even if the sector antenna 104 were in actuality only used to support the digital control channel).
  • the smart DTC coverage range 124 extends out past both the DCCH coverage range 120 and the sector DTC coverage range 122, which gives rise to the extended coverage range cell border disturbance issues discussed above (see, FIGURE 3).
  • the differences in power levels used in the different antenna/power channel combinations must be taken into account. To this end, each cell is characterized by its power backoffs.
  • the backoff identifies whether the power level of the control channel differs from the power level of the traffic channel in each cell. Knowledge of such information is required to properly compare mobile station made (mobile assisted hand-off - MAHO) control channel signal strength measurements to MAHO traffic channel signal strength measurements.
  • the output power backoff values of interest are, first, the power backoff for the sector digital traffic channels (BO SECTOR ) measured at the antenna terminal which is given by:
  • FIGURE 6 a block diagram of a cellular system 130 including base stations 102 implementing the combined sectorized/smart antenna cell illustrated in FIGURES 4 A and 4B.
  • Each base station 102 includes a plurality of transceivers (Tx/Rx) 134 which operate in either as digital or analog mode on a certain frequency assigned to the cell 100 where the base station is located.
  • a first set 134(1) of one or more of these transceivers 134 are connected to the first directive
  • Each base station 102 is connected to a mobile switching center (MSC) 126. This connection may be made either directly (as generally indicated at 128(1)) or through a base station controller (BSC) 132 (as generally indicated at 128(2)).
  • MSC mobile switching center
  • BSC base station controller
  • the manner of operation of the mobile switching center 126, base station controller 132 and base stations 102 in a coordinated fashion to provide cellular telephone service to mobile stations is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the base station 102 further includes a first location verification module (LVM1) 142 operable in connection with the first directive (sector) antenna 104 to make measurements on mobile station uplink analog/digital communications.
  • the location verification module 142 is provided with an order to make these measurements. This order specifies a frequency on which the measurements are to made, a time slot within which the measurements are to be made, and a digital voice color code (DVCC) necessary to unambiguously identify the mobile station whose uplink communications are to be measured. Responsive to the received order, the location verification module 142 tunes to the proper frequency within the proper time slot, decodes the DVCC, and then makes the uplink measurements on certain metrics such as signal strength and signal quality. The measurements are then reported for subsequent evaluation in connection with system operation, such as, for example, handoff determinations.
  • LIM1 first location verification module
  • the base station 102 still further includes a second location verification module (LVM2) 144 operable in connection with the second directive (smart) antenna 110 to make measurements on mobile station uplink analog/digital communications.
  • the location verification module 144 is similarly provided with an order to make these measurements. This order specifies a frequency on which the measurements are to made, a time slot within which the measurements are to be made, and a digital voice color code (DVCC) necessary to unambiguously identify the mobile station whose uplink communications are to be measured. Responsive to the received order, the location verification module 144 tunes to the proper frequency within the proper time slot, decodes the DVCC, and then makes the uplink measurements on certain metrics such as signal strength and signal quality.
  • DVCC digital voice color code
  • the measurements are then reported for subsequent evaluation in connection with system operation, such as, for example, handoff determinations.
  • the measurements may also be processed by the second location verification module 144 to determine a direction of arrival (DO A) azimuth orientation angle ⁇ (see, FIGURE 4A) with respect to the mobile station.
  • DO A direction of arrival
  • ⁇ azimuth orientation angle
  • first directive (sector) antenna 104 and the second directive (smart) antenna 110 Although illustrated as having a location verification module for each of the first directive (sector) antenna 104 and the second directive (smart) antenna 110, it will of course be understood that only one location verification module is typically needed for most applications and it is preferably used in conjunction with, and connected to, the second directive (smart) antenna. It is also possible to utilize a single location verification module in connection with both the first directive (sector) antenna 104 and the second directive (smart) antenna 110.
  • the base station 102 still further includes a smart antenna controller 146.
  • the smart antenna controller 146 operates responsive to a determined direction of arrival
  • FIGURE 4A azimuth orientation angle ⁇ (see, FIGURE 4A) identification with respect to a certain mobile station, and then identifies a certain one of the plurality of separate, perhaps slightly overlapping, narrow beams 112 corresponding to that angle for serving the mobile station.
  • the smart antenna controller 146 then configures the second directive antenna 110 for operation to activate the identified beam 112 for handling communications with the mobile station (see, FIGURE 4B).
  • FIGURES 4 A and 4B> wherein there is further illustrated the differences in measured antenna gain between the beams 106 and 112 as a function of azimuth orientation.
  • FIGURE 4B It may be seen in FIGURE 4B that at a certain azimuth orientation angle ( ⁇ ,) the gain of the first directive (sector) antenna 104 is equal to the gain of the second directive (smart) antenna 110. Conversely, at another angle ( ⁇ 2 ) shown in FIGURE 4A the gain of the first directive antenna 104 differs quite significantly from the gain of the second directive antenna 110. In making evaluations on downlink signal strength measurements, such as those required to be made in the context of hand-off evaluation and determination, it would be useful if the difference in gain between the first directive antenna 104 (sector coverage 106) and the second directive antenna 110 (smart antenna beam 112) could be determined and characterized as a function of the azimuth orientation angle ⁇ .
  • FIGURE 6 Reference is now once again made to FIGURE 6.
  • the mobile stations 114 move within the service area of the network 130, instances arise where a mobile station passes between two cells 100.
  • the mobile stations 114 in conjunction with base station 102 collected information and also orders exchanged with and between the mobile switching centers 126, have an opportunity through hand-off to change the base station through which cellular radio communications are being effectuated.
  • FIGURE 7 a signal flow and network operation diagram illustrating network operation to make a hand-off of a mobile station.
  • the mobile station 114 is currently engaged in a call 200.
  • the mobile station 114 operating in accordance with known mobile assisted hand-off (MAHO) principles, periodically makes downlink signal strength measurements 202 on the traffic channel (of cell 100(1)) that is currently being used ( SS MS,SBS,TC ) > and a l so periodically makes downlink signal strength measurements 204 on the control (i.e., measurement) channels of network identified cells 100, including cell 100(2), which neighbor the cell 100(1) (SS MS NBS CC ). These signal strength measurements are then reported 206 to the base station 102( 1 ) for the currently serving cell 100(1).
  • MAHO mobile assisted hand-off
  • the base station 102(1) for the serving cell makes a direction of arrival (i.e., the azimuth orientation angle ⁇ ) measurements with respect to the mobile station (action 208).
  • the base station 102(1) processes the mobile station 114 reported 206 downlink signal strength measurements (202 and 204) to determine first whether a hand-off is necessary (action 210) and second, if yes, to which candidate cells the hand-off could and/or should preferably occur (action 212).
  • a hand-off is necessary in step 210 when the mobile station could be better served by another cell.
  • the candidate cells identified for potential hand-off in step 212 comprise those cell with respect to whose mobile station measured signal strength on the measurement control channel (SS MS NBS cc ) exceed the mobile station measured downlink signal strength on the traffic channel currently being used (SS MS SBS ⁇ c ) by at least the assigned hand-off hysteresis value (HYST) in accordance with the following equation:
  • the mobile station made signal strength measurements SS MS NBS cc and SS MS>SBSjTC must be adjusted by certain values in order to compensate for the differences (operational and physical) between the sector and smart antennas
  • mobile station measured signal strength on the measurement control channel (SS MS)NBS>CC ) must be adjusted by the BO SECTORN in the neighboring (target) cell.
  • ⁇ GALN( ⁇ ) G SECT0R - G SERV1NG ( ⁇ ) in the serving cell
  • ⁇ BO BO SERVING - BO SECTOR in the serving cell.
  • the base station 102(1) determines 210 that a hand- off is necessary.
  • an identification 212 is made of a plurality of candidate cells 100 for hand-off It will, of course, be understood that the decision to hand-off may instead be made by the mobile station itself.
  • information comprising an identification of the currently serving cell 100(1), the traffic channel being used for communication with mobile station 114 in cell 100(1), the time slot (for a digital traffic channel) carrying the cellular communication, the digital voice color code (DVCC), and the list of potential candidate cells 100 for hand-off
  • the serving mobile switching center 126 may identify (if not already determined from the MAHO neighbor list) in action 216 which of its connected cells 100 are neighbors (i.e., candidate cells) to cell 100(1) for hand- off.
  • the mobile switching center 126 then signals 218 the base station 102 for each of its connected candidate cells 100, such as the cell 100(2), to make a verifying signal strength measurement (action 220) on the traffic channel currently being used by the mobile station 114 in the currently serving cell 100( 1 ).
  • the base station 102(2) further makes in step 222 a direction of arrival azimuth orientation angle determination towards the mobile station
  • Each base station 102 instructed by a received signal 218 then reports 224 the results of the verification signal strength measurement to the mobile switching center
  • the verification signal strength measurement results are then processed (action 226) by the mobile switching center 126 to determine which one of the candidate cells 100 comprises the best (i.e., the target) cell for hand-off of the call 200 based on the success and strength of the verification signal strength measurement. It is recognized that the validation process performed by the mobile switching center 126 may further require that the signal strength measurements be compensated according to base station power control, backoff power, and antenna gain parameters.
  • the mobile switching center 126 then assigns (and reserves) a traffic channel (and time slot therein for a digital traffic channel) for hand-off of the call 200.
  • the base station 102(2) is then informed 228 of the assignment by the mobile switching center 126 of the traffic channel in the target cell 100(2), the signal 228 to the base station 102(2) including an identification of both the direction of arrive azimuth orientation angle and the narrow beam 112 corresponding to that angle (that were provided in the step 224 report). Responsive thereto, the base station 102(2) activates the proper narrow beam 112 in step 230 that is either identified and/or corresponds to the provided direction of arrival information.
  • the mobile switching center 126(1) then signals 232 the mobile station 114 via the base station 102( 1 ) for the currently serving cell 100(1) with a handover command directing the mobile station to switch to the assigned traffic channel (and time slot therein if appropriate) in the target cell 100(2).
  • the mobile station 114 then tunes to and accesses 234 the assigned traffic channel (in the proper time slot).
  • the base station 102(2) detects the mobile station access, the mobile switching center 126 is informed 236, and the call 200 is switched 238 to the base station 102(2) for further handling to complete the hand-off procedure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau de télécommunication cellulaire comprenant une pluralité de cellules (100) dont les stations de base présentent à la fois un secteur (104) et des fonctions d'antenne intelligentes (110). Lors d'un appel (200), les mesures de l'intensité du signal en aval d'une station mobile (114) sont effectuées sur son canal de trafic de service et les canaux de contrôle des cellules avoisinantes. Ces mesures sont ensuite ajustées (210) par un ou plusieurs facteurs prenant en considération les différences opérationnelle et physique entre l'antenne secteur et l'antenne intelligente. Par exemple, les mesures de l'intensité du signal peuvent être convenablement ajustées par les différences mesurées en termes de gain entre l'antenne intelligente et l'antenne secteur, des valeurs de réduction de puissance de sortie associées à la prise en charge par l'antenne intelligente et par l'antenne secteur des canaux de trafic par rapport aux canaux de contrôle et de l'atténuation du contrôle de la puissance assurée par les canaux de trafic. Les mesures de l'intensité du signal en aval ajustées obtenues peuvent être comparées les unes aux autres (étant compensées par toute autre valeur d'hystérésie imposée) pour localiser de manière plus précise la station mobile et pour identifier de façon uniforme, prévisible et précise le moment adéquat pour l'autorisation d'un transfert.
PCT/SE1999/002492 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 Preservation des limites cellulaires lors d'un transfert dans un systeme cellulaire d'antenne intelligent WO2000051389A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR9917156-2A BR9917156A (pt) 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 Processo para localização de estação móvel em conexão com uma transferência de controle potencial, e, rede de comunicações celulares
AU21383/00A AU2138300A (en) 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 Preservation of cell borders at hand-off within a smart antenna cellular system
EP99965698A EP1159849B1 (fr) 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 Preservation des limites cellulaires lors d'un transfert dans un systeme cellulaire d'antenne intelligent
JP2000601877A JP4417569B2 (ja) 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 スマートアンテナセルラシステム内のハンドオフ時におけるセル境界の維持
DE69932458T DE69932458T2 (de) 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 Bewahrung von Zellgrenzen beim Weiterreichen in einem zellularen System mit intelligenten Antennen
CA002364777A CA2364777C (fr) 1999-02-26 1999-12-28 Preservation des limites cellulaires lors d'un transfert dans un systeme cellulaire d'antenne intelligent

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12178899P 1999-02-26 1999-02-26
US09/282,114 US6259918B1 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-03-31 Preservation of cell borders at hand-off within a smart antenna cellular system
US09/282,114 1999-03-31
US60/121,788 1999-03-31

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WO2000051389A1 true WO2000051389A1 (fr) 2000-08-31

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US (1) US6259918B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1159849B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4417569B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE333767T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2138300A (fr)
BR (1) BR9917156A (fr)
CA (1) CA2364777C (fr)
DE (1) DE69932458T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000051389A1 (fr)

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EP1159849A1 (fr) 2001-12-05
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BR9917156A (pt) 2002-11-26
DE69932458D1 (de) 2006-08-31
AU2138300A (en) 2000-09-14
JP4417569B2 (ja) 2010-02-17
CA2364777A1 (fr) 2000-08-31
CA2364777C (fr) 2009-10-06
EP1159849B1 (fr) 2006-07-19
US6259918B1 (en) 2001-07-10
JP2002538696A (ja) 2002-11-12

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