WO2000049362A1 - Munition sous-calibree - Google Patents

Munition sous-calibree Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000049362A1
WO2000049362A1 PCT/CZ2000/000007 CZ0000007W WO0049362A1 WO 2000049362 A1 WO2000049362 A1 WO 2000049362A1 CZ 0000007 W CZ0000007 W CZ 0000007W WO 0049362 A1 WO0049362 A1 WO 0049362A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
projectile
subcalibre
ammunition according
subcalibre ammunition
jacket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CZ2000/000007
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ivo Exel
Zdeněk BUDIAČ
Alois KUŽELA
Jitka POLÁŠKOVÁ
Drahomíra VALENTOVÁ
Lubomír PRCHLÍK
Jan DROTÁR
Original Assignee
Ivo Exel
Budiac Zdenek
Kuzela Alois
Polaskova Jitka
Valentova Drahomira
Prchlik Lubomir
Drotar Jan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CZ1999557A external-priority patent/CZ9900557A3/cs
Priority claimed from CZ1999559A external-priority patent/CZ9900559A3/cs
Priority claimed from CZ1999560A external-priority patent/CZ9900560A3/cs
Priority claimed from CZ286499A external-priority patent/CZ9902864A3/cs
Application filed by Ivo Exel, Budiac Zdenek, Kuzela Alois, Polaskova Jitka, Valentova Drahomira, Prchlik Lubomir, Drotar Jan filed Critical Ivo Exel
Priority to AU25324/00A priority Critical patent/AU2532400A/en
Publication of WO2000049362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000049362A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/08—Sabots filled with propulsive charges; Removing sabots by combustion of pyrotechnic elements or by propulsive-gas pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/26—Stabilising arrangements using spin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/38—Range-increasing arrangements
    • F42B10/42—Streamlined projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/38—Range-increasing arrangements
    • F42B10/42—Streamlined projectiles
    • F42B10/44—Boat-tails specially adapted for drag reduction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/064—Sabots enclosing the rear end of a kinetic energy projectile, i.e. having a closed disk shaped obturator base and petals extending forward from said base
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/10—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a subcalibre ammunition, provided with a projectile having a starter and a blow-off external jacket.
  • subcalibre ammunition comprising a cartridge with a power charge and a shell with a subcalibre projectile and releasing segments. After leaving the gun barrel the segments automatically separate from the projectile.
  • Known shells are based on a single stage principle, without any additional acceleration. Therefore the projectile initial, muzzle velocity is given only by kinematic energy, provided by firing of the charge and by the shell system mass.
  • Subcalibre ammunition operates as follows. It is loaded into a firing chamber and fired. When leaving the barrel muzzle, due to the combined action of gas and aerodynamic forces the segments separate from the projectile which travels toward a target along an extremely flat trajectory. The projectile pierces the target object with an kinetic energy produced by a body of a given mass and velocity.
  • the striking mechanism includes an impacting component lock, a releaseable sleeve, safety spiral and an impacting component with a needle.
  • the self-destruction mechanism includes a housing with a delay explosive and a striking element to start the delay explosive.
  • the self- destruction mechanism is followed by a safety, a primer and a booster to start the projectile blasting agent.
  • When hitting a target the striking mechanism starts the primer which starts the booster and subsequently the blasting agent is discharged. In a case the projectile misses the target it is destroyed by the self-destruction mechanism.
  • the starter of the said type is not applicable by piercing and subcalibre ammunition furnished with a blasting agent. It is an object of the invention to remove drawbacks of the present subcalibre ammunition and to increase piercing power of a projectile of a particular barrel calibre
  • a subcalibre ammunition provided with a projectile having a starter and a blow-off external jacket in an embodiment according the present invention where the external jacket accommodates an inner jacket provided with an acceleration system.
  • the acceleration system preferably comprise an explosive mixture and/or a gas developing combustible.
  • the inner jacket is at one its end equipped with a central nozzle housing a igniting explosive and on the its other end allows for a seat of a lower part of the projectile.
  • a position of the projectile in the external jacket is defined by the projectile front cap.
  • the internal jacket inside space is at the end adjacent to the central nozzle closed by a baffle plate equipped with multiple openings the centres of which are located on at least one pitch circle, which is co-axial with the ammunition longitudinal axis, provided that an axis of at least one of the openings is inclined with respect to the said longitudinal axis.
  • the projectile stabilising section is provided with an underpressure jet system.
  • the projectile body comprise a tapered entering part which through a convex intermediate part and a following converging part merges into the spherical end part.
  • the end part together with the transient portion of the converging part provides for the stabilising section of the projectile.
  • the underpressure jet system preferably comprise at least three side channels inclined with respect to the projectile longitudinal axis and towards the projectile point. The channels open into a central channel, running coaxially with the projectile longitudinal axis and opening on a surface of the spherical end part of the projectile.
  • the entering part is provided with an electrically conducting surface
  • the intermediate part with an electromagnetic circuit, isolated from the intermediate part surface and the stabilising section is of an electrically conducting material coated by an electrically non-conducting material, provided the electromagnetic circuit is conductively connected with surfaces of the entering and the stabilising parts.
  • the entering part is of a heavy metal, preferably of a wolfram, the heavy metal layer being coated with an electrical conductive layer, preferably of silver and/or copper and/or their alloys.
  • the entering part is preferably provided with a coating of titanium nitrate.
  • the electromagnetic circuit comprise a system of stripes of an electrically conductive material the stripes being advantageously arranged in at least one helix.
  • the projectile is provided with a bottom starter, which is preferably located in the projectile stabilising section.
  • the starter chamber is by means of a connection channel connected with the central channel at its end meeting with the side channels.
  • the starter is provided with a first cylindrical cavity accommodating a slideably seated impacting component with a needle.
  • the needle protrudes into a second cylindrical cavity and is surrounded by a safety spiral defining a space between the needle and the primer, which is located in a package comprising also at least one delay explosive positioned behind the primer.
  • the delay explosive is followed by a booster, which protrudes from the starter body.
  • a space between the impacting component needle and the primer is preferably divided by a partition wall.
  • a separation plate is located between the delay explosives and the booster.
  • a subcaliber ammunition with a significantly increased strain work during impact upon a target with a minimised possibility of a rebound.
  • a projectile with improved flight stability showing very little possibility of a deflection when hitting an inclined obstacle.
  • the fact that a turbulent streamline flow in the projectile rear region is reduced to a very low level results also in an increased piercing power.
  • This power is further increased by effects of the projectile own electromagnetic field, which before the very impact of the projectile upon the target hampers particle stability of the material in the hit region.
  • the projectile of the design hereby discussed may be applied also for a standard ammunition and even fired form other pressure and power facilities.
  • a starter of a very simple construction and thus of very low production costs The delay explosives allow for blasting a projectile after it penetrates into a target obstacle.
  • the fuse can be located in a projectile rear part Brief Description of the Drawings
  • FIG. 1 shows a subcalibre ammunition in a Brief Description of the Drawings
  • Fig. 1 shows a subcalibre ammunition in a side sectional view
  • Fig. 2 presents a projectile in a side sectional view
  • Fig. 3 schematically illustrates distribution of an electromagnetic circuit on a projectile surface
  • Fig. 4 there is shown a starter in a side sectional view.
  • a subcalibre ammunition comprising external jacket carrying co-axially and in succession arranged a projectile 2 with a blasting agent 40 and an internal jacket 3, which accommodates an acceleration system 14.
  • the internal jacket 3 is at the side opposite the projectile 2 position closed by a baffle plate 5 with multiple openings 6, the centres of which are distributed along at least one pitch circle being coaxial with a longitudinal axis 15 of the ammunition. It applies that an axis of at least one of the openings 6 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis 15.
  • the internal jacket 3 is completed with a central nozzle 7, housing an igniting explosive 13.
  • the internal jacket 3 is closed by a porous insert 8 and at the outer surface it is equipped with a step, on which there is seated a sleeve 4.
  • the sleeve 4 supports the projectile 2, particularly its lower part and more particularly its stabilising section, which is in details discussed further on.
  • the projectile 2 position is defined by means of the external jacket 1 front cap 12, through which the projectile 2 protrudes.
  • the ring-shaped front cap 12 has a substantially cone-like inside surface, corresponding to the shape of the adjacent projectile 2 body, and a concave face surface, i.e. the surface facing a direction of a gunfire.
  • the projectile 2 is secured by at least three sealing means 11., preferably evenly distributed along the sleeve 4 periphery and matching with corresponding concave holes 20 appropriately located at the projectile 2 surface.
  • the concave holes 20_ improve contact between the projectile 2 body and the sealing means H, but they are not indispensable.
  • the external jacket 1 is equipped with at least one guiding ring 9 and at the bottom, i.e. at the end opposite the projectile 2 position, with a rear cap 10.
  • the guiding ring 9 allows also for sealing purposes.
  • acceleration system 14 there can be used any explosive mixture or any combustible with enormous development of gases.
  • the projectile 2 rear part may be supported directly by the inner jacket 3, without the sleeve 4. Such a construction would simplify the design but would deteriorate the further discussed effects.
  • the subcalibre ammunition as described above operates as follows. When fired there is discharged the igniting explosive 13 and after leaving the barrel the external jacket 1 is separated, the action being facilitated by the face shape of the front cap 12 Due to a discharge of the igniting explosive 3 the acceleration system 14 inside the inner jacket 3 starts to fire. Produced gasses escape through baffle plate 5 openings 6 and the central nozzle 7, thus accelerating the projectile. Due of overpressure in the internal jacket 3, certain amount of gasses penetrates through the insert 8 into the free space 6 between the sleeve 4 and the projectile 2 rear part, where the pressure increases and helps the projectile 2 to release from the internal jacket 3. The accelerated projectile 2 continues its flight as a single, separate body. When hitting the target there is activated its bottom starter 30, starting the projectile blasting agent 40.
  • the projectile 2 body As presented on Fig. 2, the projectile 2 body according the invention comprise a tapered entering part 21, a convex intermediate part 22 and a converging part 23 merging into a spherical end part 24.
  • the converging part 23 together with the transient portion to the end part 24 provides for the projectile 2 stabilising section.
  • an underpressure jet system which comprise multiple channels 26, at least three of them, the axis of which being tilted with respect to the longitudinal axis 15 of the projectile 2 and terminating in a central channel 27 which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis 15 and at its first end opens on the end part 24 surface.
  • the central channel 27 On its other end the central channel 27 is by means of a connection channel 28 connected with a chamber of the bottom starter 30 for starting the blasting agent 40 located in the projectile 2 body.
  • the shape of the stabilising section allows for a smooth flow of streamlines along the lower part of the projectile 2 body without separation towards the end thus facilitating the projectile 2 flight stability.
  • the projectile 2 need not necessarily to be furnished with the blasting agent 40 and the starter 30.
  • the projectile 2 according the said preferred embodiment apart from application in the above presented subcalibre ammunition may be utilised separately for ammunition without the blow-off jacket and the acceleration system 14.
  • the projectile 2 body may be provided with a surface coating for a protection of the barrel bore. Such a coating is not shown on the drawings.
  • the entering part 2 . is made of a heavy metal, preferably of a wolfram, and is provided with an electrically conductive layer of a metal like copper, silver or their compositions, the layer allowing for the first electrode.
  • the conductive layer is preferably coated by a reinforcing layer of a titanium nitrate.
  • the intermediate part 22 surface is provided with an electromagnetic circuit, comprising stripes 29 of an electrically conductive material like copper, silver or their alloys or mixture of the metal and its alloy.
  • the stripes 29, isolated from the intermediate part 22 surface, are preferably arranged into a helix running around the projectile 2 body.
  • the helix is either right-hand or left- hand oriented, the orientation corresponding to the orientation of the bore of the respective gun barrel.
  • the converging and rear parts 23,24 are of an electrically conductive material, allowing for the second electrode.
  • the entering part 21 as well as the converging and rear parts 23,24 are electrically connected with stripes 29 of the electromagnetic circuit.
  • the stabilising section is coated by en electrically non-conductive layer, like aluminium oxide and/or elox layer, providing for a mechanical protection. For the purpose also a dielectric layer may be used.
  • the hereby revealed projectile 2 operates followingly. During flight there is induced an electromagnetic charge on the projectile 2 surface, the entering part 21 receiving a charge of an opposite polarity than the rear part 24, and simultaneously, because of the environmental magnetic field, there is induced an electric current in the electromagnetic circuit, the current creating an electromagnetic field of the projectile 2. Creation of the current supports rotation of the projectile 2 around its longitudinal axis 15.
  • the preferred embodiment of the starter 30, as presented on Fig. 4, comprise the body 3_H, a first cylindrical cavity, in which there is displaceably seated an impacting component 301 with a needle.
  • a spiral fuse 302 defining a space between the needle and a primer 303, which is fitted in a package 310 also screwed in the body 3_H.
  • a primer 303 which is fitted in a package 310 also screwed in the body 3_H.
  • the package 310 behind the primer 303, there are located two one delay explosive 304. In general at least one delay explosive 304 is necessary. Behind the delay explosives 304, seating in a plug screw 306, there is placed a booster 307, protruding from the body 311. The space above the impacting component 301 needle is separated from the primer 303 by a safety partition wall 309. Between the delay explosives 304 and the booster there is a separation plate 305.
  • Assembly holes 308 facilitate completion of the starter 30 and its accommodation into the projectile 2. All the elements may be inserted into the body 31 1 also from the other starter 30 end, starting with the booster 307 and ending with the impacting component 301 with a needle. In such a case the impacting component 30_1 with a needle is seated in a second package, which is also screwed in the body 311.
  • the starter 30 operates as follows. During the projectile 2 rotation while in the air, the spiral fuse 302 gets loose and unblocks the impacting component 301 with the needle. When hitting the target the impacting component 301 needle starts the primer 303 which starts the delay explosive 304 which fires the booster 307. The booster 307 subsequently activates the blasting agent 40..
  • the present invention is designed for a sub-calibre ammunition on any calibre as well as for bombs, mines, grenades and rockets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une munition pour armes tout calibre, comprenant un projectile (2) et une chemise extérieure (1) de propulsion pourvue d'une chemise intérieure (3), dont l'extrémité extérieure comporte un ajutage central (7) renfermant un explosif (13) de mise à feu, et dont l'extrémité intérieure renferme une section de stabilisation du projectile (2). La position du projectile (2) dans la chemise extérieure (1) est définie par une coiffe avant (12). La chemise intérieure (3) est équipée d'un système d'accélération.
PCT/CZ2000/000007 1999-02-19 2000-02-16 Munition sous-calibree WO2000049362A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU25324/00A AU2532400A (en) 1999-02-19 2000-02-16 A subcalibre ammunition

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ1999557A CZ9900557A3 (cs) 1999-02-19 1999-02-19 Zapalovač
CZPV560-99 1999-02-19
CZPV557-99 1999-02-19
CZ1999559A CZ9900559A3 (cs) 1999-02-19 1999-02-19 Projektil
CZ1999560A CZ9900560A3 (cs) 1999-02-19 1999-02-19 Podkaliberní střela
CZPV559-99 1999-02-19
CZPV2864-99 1999-08-11
CZ286499A CZ9902864A3 (cs) 1999-08-11 1999-08-11 Střela, zejména s trhavinou a zapalovačem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000049362A1 true WO2000049362A1 (fr) 2000-08-24

Family

ID=27430153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CZ2000/000007 WO2000049362A1 (fr) 1999-02-19 2000-02-16 Munition sous-calibree

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2532400A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000049362A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007126330A1 (fr) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Jag Defence Group As Âme à cavitation
US11105599B2 (en) * 2016-10-06 2021-08-31 Ardesa, S.A. Preloaded sabot system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE308435C (fr) *
US3724377A (en) * 1969-05-07 1973-04-03 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Shell cartridges
US3952657A (en) * 1973-04-21 1976-04-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Rifle cartridge
DE3912001A1 (de) * 1988-04-06 1992-01-16 British Aerospace Geschoss-gleitschuh-beschleuniger

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE308435C (fr) *
US3724377A (en) * 1969-05-07 1973-04-03 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Shell cartridges
US3952657A (en) * 1973-04-21 1976-04-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Rifle cartridge
DE3912001A1 (de) * 1988-04-06 1992-01-16 British Aerospace Geschoss-gleitschuh-beschleuniger

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007126330A1 (fr) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Jag Defence Group As Âme à cavitation
US8082851B2 (en) 2006-04-27 2011-12-27 Dsg Technology As Cavitating core
US11105599B2 (en) * 2016-10-06 2021-08-31 Ardesa, S.A. Preloaded sabot system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2532400A (en) 2000-09-04

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